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6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook 1 May 04, 2016 6.1 Introduction to Vectors Scalars and Vectors Scalars in mathematics and physics are quantities described completely or solely by a number and eventually a measurement unit. (Examples: Time, Length, Angles, Temperature,....) Vectors are quantities described by both a "magnitude" (length, size) and a "direction". Geometric and Algebraic Vectors Geometric Vectors are NOT related to any coordinate system. (Just a picture of a line segment. Consider the directed line segment A B Note: where A is called the initial (start, tail) of the vector and B is the final (end, tip) of the vector. Algebraic (Position) Vectors are vectors that ARE related to a coordinate system. (Cartesian Plane) Given A(2,3), B(3,0), C(4,2) Sketch A) B) C) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x y Magnitude The magnitude is the length, size, of the vector. The magnitude of a vector is denoted several different ways. The magnitude for vector is denoted by (Note: For geometric vectors the magnitude has to be given or measured. For algebraic vectors the magnitude can be calculated. (pythagorean theorem, sine cosine laws, etc)

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Page 1: 6.1 Introduction to Vectors · 6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook 1 May 04, 2016 6.1 Introduction to Vectors Scalars and Vectors Scalars in mathematics and physics are

6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook

1

May 04, 2016

6.1 Introduction to VectorsScalars and Vectors

Scalars in mathematics and physics are quantities described completely or solely by a number and eventually a measurement unit.  (Examples: Time, Length, Angles, Temperature,....)

Vectors are quantities described by both a "magnitude" (length, size) and a "direction".

Geometric and Algebraic Vectors

Geometric Vectors are NOT related to any coordinate system.  (Just a picture of a line segment.

Consider the directed line segment 

A

B

Note: where A is called the initial (start, tail) of the vector and B is the final (end, tip) of the vector.

Algebraic (Position) Vectors are vectors that ARE related to a coordinate system. (Cartesian Plane)

Given A(­2,3), B(3,0), C(4,­2) 

Sketch

A)

B) 

C) 

­6 ­5 ­4 ­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

­6

­5

­4

­3

­2

­1

1

2

3

4

5

6

x

y

Magnitude

The magnitude is the length, size, of the vector.  The magnitude of a vector is denoted several different ways.  The magnitude for vector      is denoted by              (Note:  For geometric vectors the magnitude has to be given or measured.  For algebraic vectors the magnitude can be calculated. (pythagorean theorem, sine cosine laws, etc)

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Sketch the following vectors on the grid and determine their magnitude

Given A(­2,3), B(3,0), C(4,­2)

­5 ­4 ­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 3 4 5

­5

­4

­3

­2

­1

1

2

3

4

5

x

y

A)

B) 

C) 

Equivalent or Equal Vectors

Two vectors are equal if they have the same magnitude and direction.  

For example

A

B

C

D

Opposite (Negative) Vectors

Two vectors are called opposite if they have the same magnitude and opposite direction.  The opposite vector of      is denoted by       .  

Example:

A

B

C

D

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Parallel Vectors

Two vectors are parallel if their directions are either the same or the opposite.  (Note:  These vectors are NOT necessarily equal depending on their magnitude.)

If     and     are parallel, then we write

Page 4: 6.1 Introduction to Vectors · 6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook 1 May 04, 2016 6.1 Introduction to Vectors Scalars and Vectors Scalars in mathematics and physics are

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Azimuth (Quadrant) Bearing

pg 279

1,4­11

Page 5: 6.1 Introduction to Vectors · 6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook 1 May 04, 2016 6.1 Introduction to Vectors Scalars and Vectors Scalars in mathematics and physics are

6.1 Introduction to Vectors may 5 inc.notebook

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May 04, 2016