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EMERGENCY

PLANNING1

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THINK PREVENTION

Requires the development of a procedure to

identify all possible incidents, accidents, and

emergency situations during normal and abnormal

operating conditions

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DEFINITION

EMERGENCY-unexpected event requiring prompt action,which beyond to normal day to day activity, in order to

ensure the safety of the people, public, environment and

equipment. This unplanned event can pose an actual or

potential hazard to life, environment, facility, productionand companys image.

Type of emergency such as;

i. Fire

ii. Explosioniii. Release of toxic gases

iv. Spillage of hazardous chemicals during storage, processing

or transportation.

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PURPOSE OF EMERGENCY

PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE Minimize risk and impact such as personal injury,

property damage, damage to the environment and

public.

Identify potential emergency situations

Develop, implement, and test plans to respond promptly

and effectively to emergencies

Continually improve emergency preparedness andresponse procedures

Meet legislative requirements (NADOOPOD 2004)4

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TYPES OF ERP

ON-SITE ERP

Plan to deal with emergency that can cause damage to the

worker and property inside the plan but will not pose a threat to

the community outside the plant.

Onsite emergency team can control the emergency withminimum response from emergency services.

The manufacturer or employer of the site should develop this

plan.

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OFF-SITE ERP

Plan to control major emergency which has potential to

cause serious injury or loss of life and/or of property and

which tends to cause disruption inside the side and/or

outside the side and to require the use of outsideresources extensively.

Ideally the local authority of the area should prepare the

plan.

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LEVEL OF EMERGENCY

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SCOPEOF EMERGENCY

Level 1:

Can be dealt with by local department personnel

Level 2: Need to activate facility emergency response team; may

need to evacuate site

Level 3:

Full scale emergency requiring outside assistance; possibleneighbourhood evacuation

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EMERGENCY

PREPAREDNESS

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Identify existing safety equipment

Identify receptor of possible accident

Map the hot spot

Identify potential hot spot of accident

Identify emergencies

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IDENTIFY EMERGENCIES

Review incident reports for pastfive years

Check statistics on incidents andemergencies at other similaroperations

Review environmental aspectslist for potential emergenciesunder abnormal operatingconditions

Gather a group of personnel

representing each function in theorganization to brainstormpossible incidents andemergencies

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Identify existing safetyequipment

Identify receptor of

possible accident

Map the hot spot

Identify potential hot spotof accident


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POTENTIAL EMERGENCIES

Fire, explosion

Gas leak, spill

Natural disasters - lightning, earthquake, flood,

extreme weather Tank, dam, equipment structural failure

Electric power or gas cut

Crash, collision Sabotage, vandalism, terrorist attack, riot, bomb

threat, hostage incident

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POTENTIALHOT SPOTS

Hazardous chemical storage

Hazardous waste storage

Bulk oil and fuel tanks Process start-up and shut-down

High pressure vessels

Rail and road tankers, ships

Unloading, shipping points

Waste treatment facilities

Storm water drains13



possible accident

Map the hot spot



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MAPTHEHOT SPOTS

Locations, types, amounts ofchemicals, gases, fuel, oil on-site

Location, volume, age,secondary containment,inspection history of storagetanks

Unloading, loading, transfer

points for chemicals, fuel, oil Storm water run-off paths

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possible accident

Map the hot spot



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NEIGHBOURHOOD

RECEPTORS

Identify sensitive local, regionalareas: Residential, industrial, agricultural,

fishing, recreation areas

Drinking water sources

Environmentally sensitive areas,nature reserves, endangeredspecies

Cultural, heritage sites

Record prevailing wind directionin preparation for a gas leak

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possible accident

Map the hot spot



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EQUIPMENTAND

SUPPLIES

Identify types, quantities, andstorage locations of emergencyequipment and supplies: Fire fighting equipment - hoses,

extinguishers, blankets, foam

Escape respirators, gas masks,self contained breathing apparatus

Protective gloves, goggles, suits

Spill absorbents, containment

booms, neutralising chemicals Mobile emergency equipment

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possible accident

Map the hot spot



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A KEY FACTORIN EMERGENCY

PREPAREDNESS

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OVERVIEWOF EMERGENCY

RESPONSE PLAN

In characterising potential emergencies and

minimising risks, there must be an Emergency

Response Plan covering: Procedures (i.e., roles, responsibilities, reporting

relationships, resources, activities, records) for

responding to the various types of emergencies

identified

Post instructions around the site

Define the chain of command

Response plans for various emergencies18

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MORE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTSFOR ERP

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Evacuation of facility personnel

Identify primary and secondary evacuation routes andsafe assembly points on site map

Post maps at various locations on the site

Evacuation of neighbourhood

Notification of local residents, other neighbours, externalemergency agencies: police, fire, ambulance, doctors,hospital

Identify escape routes, responsibilities

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YET MORE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

Reporting requirements and responsibilities Internal: within the facility and organization External: to government, neighbours, media

Site clean up, remediation plan Includes safe disposal of contaminated absorbents and

other materials

Emergency response team debriefing Procedure for assessing effectiveness of emergency

response actions Recommendations for improvement

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ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS


Incident investigation

Roles, responsibilities, and process

Root cause analysis

Corrective and preventive actions

Records of the incident and emergency response

Revision of procedures to prevent recurrence

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FINAL SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS


Drills to test emergency response procedures Schedule drills regularly to simulate various types of

emergencies

After a drill, emergency response team reviews effectivenessof procedures

Revise response procedures when necessary

Hold periodic evacuation drills for entire site

Periodic review/revision of, and distribution list for,Emergency Response Plan

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EX: FIRE RESPONSEPLAN

Fire

Alarm trigger

Degree of fire

All evacuate using

stairway

Assemble at the

assembly point

Headcount

Report to Head of

Marshall

Continue rescue by

BOMBA/ rescue

team

Safe

Dismiss

Fire department/

call 999Minor

Major

Enough

Not enough

Yes

No

Documents

6-2 ERP