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OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard and Universal Precautions

• Disposal of infectious or potentially infectious waste

• Laws protect healthcare workers and patients

– Training personnel

– Record keeping

– Housekeeping

– Wearing protective gear

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OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

• Employers must

– Develop an OSHA Exposure Control Plan

– Provide training to all employees

• Documentation

• PPE, Universal Precautions, engineering controls

• What to do if exposure occurs

– Provide the hepatitis B vaccine

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Universal Precautions (cont.)

• Universal Precautions apply to all blood and body fluids

• Standard Precautions

– Used in healthcare facilities for the care of all patients

– Prevents the transmission of disease

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Universal Precautions (cont.)• Risk categories

I. Tasks that require specific protective measures

II. Tasks that require precautions in certain situations

III. Tasks requiring no special protection

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Written Exposure Plan

• Determination of exposure

• Implementation of control methods

• Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up

• Communication and training

• Recordkeeping

• Evaluation of exposure incidents

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Exposure Incidents• Notify the physician or employer

immediately

• Refer the employee to a licensed healthcare provider

– Counsel the employee

– Draw blood and prescribe treatment

– Written report

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Other OSHA Requirements

• HBV vaccine

• Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act

– Engineered safety devices

– Employer recommendations

• Engineering controls

• Needlestick safety programs

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Other OSHA Requirements (cont.)

• Employee recommendations

– Avoid using needles

– Help choose devices

– Use devices provided

– Do not recap needles

– Dispose of sharps correctly

– Report injuries and hazards

– Participate in training

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© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Apply Your Knowledge

ANSWER: There are three categories of risk:

Category 1: Expose a worker to blood, body fluids, or tissues and require specific protective measures

Category 2: Usually do not involve risk of exposure, but precautions are required in certain situations

Category 3: No risk of exposure, so no special protection is required

OSHA divides medical tasks by level of risk. What are these risk categories?