NAME______________________________________

SCHOOL___________________________________

5th Grade

Holifield

Field Guide

2017

2

Table of Contents

Page Number

Forest Adventure

Sketch the Geography 4

Inherited Traits & Biodiversity 5

Leaf Silhouettes 6

Leaf Diagram &Co2 Cycle 7

Subsoil Rocks 8

Sensory Map 9

Food Web 10

Man and the Environment 11

Studying the Stream

Water Cycle 13

Macro Mania 14-15

Metamorphosis 16

Reflections 17

Animal Presentation Room

NSI Activity 19

Animal Adaptations 20

Animal Sleuth 21

Wrap Up

Why Is Holifield so Memorable? 22 Adventure BINGO 23 Vocabulary 24

3

Forest

Adventure

Learning Targets:

I can describe how inherited traits (structures and functions) help organisms survive in their environment.

I can describe an ecosystem and how living things interact and live within their environment.

I can describe photosynthesis and the Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen cycle.

4

Forest Adventure Sketch the Geography of the Land

You will need to gather basic information on the land in this class. Begin by recording the physical characteristics of the area based on what you can see, include things like: hills, trees, grass, water, clouds, etc.

5

Forest Adventure Inherited Traits & Biodiversity

1. Give 2 examples of your inherited traits.

a. _______________________________________________

b. _______________________________________________

2. Give 2 examples of inherited traits in nature within this

environment.

a. ____________________________________

b. ____________________________________

3. Using the Venn diagram list some plants and other living things

you would find in a Forest, a Prairie, and in the Ecotone (an

area where two ecosystems come together and overlap)

4. How is biodiversity good for an ecosystem?

6

Leaf Silhouettes

American Elm Red Oak Cottonwood Chinkapin Oak Bois d Arc

Cedar Elm Mulberry Redbud Pecan Hackberry

Persimmon Dogwood

Eastern Red

Cedar Box Elder Honey Locust

(Juniper) (thorns)

Virginia

Creeper Sumac Green briar

Poison Ivy

3 Leaves Rattan Vine

7

Forest Adventure Leaf Diagram

1. My leaf is from a: _______________________________

8

Forest Adventure Subsoil Rocks!

1. Using the boxes of materials, draw, describe, and label the layers

of the soil profile:

1. Which layer provides the most nutrients for plants? Why?

2. What type of rock is found here at Rowlett Creek and how was it

formed?

3. Look around for a fossil. Sketch or make a rubbing of your fossil

below. What do you think this fossil is from?

Humus

Topsoil

Subsoil

Rock to Bedrock

Looking at the sides of the creek, locate each layer of soil, then describe it using the chart below. Place a star * in the layer where you are most likely to find fossils.

9

Forest Adventure Sensory Map

Make observations using your senses.

What did you observe, and where would it be on this map?

Me

If you were an animal living in this forest, how could these senses help you survive?

10

Forest Adventure Food Web

1. Where does all the energy in the food web originate? ____________________________________

2. How do producers get energy? __________________________________

Give an example___________________________________________

3. How do consumers get energy? __________________________________

Give an example___________________________________________

4. How do decomposers get energy? ________________________________

Give an example____________________________________________

5. Using the diagram below describe the flow of energy in this ecosystem.

6. Predict what would happen if the coyotes were eliminated from this ecosystem.

11

Forest Adventure Man and the Environment

Discuss with a partner several ways that people impact the

environment. If the impact is negative, come up with a positive solution or alternative. Journal your thoughts here:

Can you think of things that have both a negative and a positive impact? Explain:

12

STUDYING THE STREAM

Learning Targets:

I can gather and interpret data to determine the health of the stream.

I can describe how a water shed impacts its environment. I can describe how plants and animals go through orderly

changes in their life cycle. I can explain the effects of weathering, erosion, and deposition

13

Studying the Stream Water Cycle

1. Label the phases of the water cycle.

2. What role does the sun play in the water cycle? Watershed – an area of land that drains precipitation into one location such as a stream, river, lake or wetland.

How would erosion and deposition affect the watershed?

14

Studying the Stream Macro Mania Data Sheet

GROUP 3 These organisms are pollution tolerant. If you find these

organisms in a fresh water ecosystem it signifies poor/bad water quality.

Mosquito Larva Freshwater Leech

Water Mite

Midge Larva

GROUP 2 These organisms are moderately pollution intolerant. If you find

these organisms in a fresh water ecosystem it signifies good water quality.

Hydra Dragonfly Nymph

Damselfly Nymph

Planarian

Daphnia (Water Flea)

Cyclops

Cypris (Ostracod)

Scud

GROUP 1 These organisms are pollution intolerant. If you find these

organisms in a fresh water ecosystem it signifies excellent water quality.

Freshwater Snail (Orb)

Mayfly Nymph

Stonefly Nymph

Predacious Diving Beetle

Freshwater Snail (Left-opening Pouch)

China Mark Moth Larva

Freshwater Snail Eggs

Dobsonfly Larva

1. Based on my observations and the evidence our group found, is this freshwater ecosystem healthy or unhealthy? Why or why not?

15

Studying the Stream

Macro Mania

Look at your list of macro-invertebrates. Choose one and answer the following questions:

1. My organism is called a ______________________

2. Here is a drawing of what my organism looks like:

3. Illustrate or Describe: One structure (a unique feature) and a function of that structure that helps my organism to survive:

16

Studying the Stream

Metamorphosis

Incomplete Metamorphosis: There are 3 stages: egg hatches into the nymph, nymph grows into adult. Nymphs may look like what the adult insect will look like, but not always. Complete Metamorphosis: There are 4 stages: egg to larvae to pupae to adult. None of the juvenile (young) stages usually look like the adults.

1. List 3 examples of organisms that go through complete metamorphosis:

___________________ ___________________ ___________________

2. List 3 examples of

organisms that go through incomplete metamorphosis:

___________________ ___________________ __________________

Life Cycle of a Beetle

17

Studying the Stream Reflections Journal

In the space provided journal about your experiences from today: What did I notice? What did I wonder?

18

Animal Presentation

Room

Learning Targets:

By using evidence presented and deductive reasoning, I can work with my teammates to solve a mystery in nature.

I can describe how inherited traits help organisms survive in their environment.

19

NSI- Nature Scene Investigation Carefully study the crime scene. Based on what you observe write a scientific argument that answers the question: What role did man play in this animal’s death?

Type of animal: ________________________

A) Sketch and label the crime scene:

B) Claim: Write a sentence describing the role man played in this animal’s death.

C) Evidence: Provide scientific data to support your claim.

D) Reasoning: Explain why your evidence supports your claim.

20

Animal Adaptation Clues

What do these animal adaptations tell you about OTHER animals?

Robin skull. The eyes are on the SIDE,

to look out for predators, such as coyotes,

and hawks. It is a prey!

One kind of Owl Skull (Eagle Owl): The eyes

point forward, so that both eyes can sight in

on its prey. It is a predator!

These molar teeth are designed to grind and

tear plants, such as leaves and grass. This is

from a deer jaw, deer eat plants, = herbivore!

Canine tooth: long and pointed, to pierce the

skin of its prey. It is a meat eater, a

predator! This is from a common cat!

Look at the large, orange incisor teeth of this

rodent (beaver). Rodents need strong molars to

gnaw on things like trees, nuts, and other plant

parts. All rodents eat primarily plants, they are

herbivores!

These are the teeth of an omnivore. It eats crayfish,

bugs, berries and garbage. Note how it has incisors,

canines and molars. It has a dark “mask on its eyes,

and rings on its tail, about as big as a large cat. What

is it?

21

ANIMAL SLEUTH

Use your detective skills to complete the chart below. Choose five different animals.

Remember "eyes in front likes to hunt". "Eyes on the side run and hide". See if you can find

at least one Herbivore, Carnivore and Omnivore.

NAME

OF

ANIMAL

EYES

TEETH

HERBIVORE,

OMNIVORE OR

CARNIVORE?

PREDATOR

OR PREY?

FRONT

SIDE

MEAT

PLANTS

MEAT & PLANTS

CARNIVORE

HERBIVORE

OMNIVORE

PREDATOR

PREY

FRONT

SIDE

MEAT

PLANTS

MEAT & PLANTS

CARNIVORE

HERBIVORE

OMNIVORE

PREDATOR

PREY

FRONT

SIDE

MEAT

PLANTS

MEAT & PLANTS

CARNIVORE

HERBIVORE

OMNIVORE

PREDATOR

PREY

FRONT

SIDE

MEAT

PLANTS

MEAT & PLANTS

CARNIVORE

HERBIVORE

OMNIVORE

PREDATOR

PREY

FRONT

SIDE

MEAT

PLANTS

MEAT & PLANTS

CARNIVORE

HERBIVORE

OMNIVORE

PREDATOR

PREY

22

Holifield Memories

DIRECTIONS: Think about what you learned and observed during your time at

Holifield SLC. Collect and record evidence that shows four things that you found

most memorable. Create your own title for the last category.

What makes 5th grade at Holifield SLC so memorable?

Write a letter to a 4th grade student describing your experiences at the Holifield SLC. Tell him/her about your

favorite activities, the forest, the animals, the staff, and all the good times you had with your friends.

(Complete this back at school)

Most Unusual Most Important

Most Interesting

23

Adventure BINGO

Challenge yourself to a game of Adventure Bingo. Before you can fill in a box, you must observe that item in some way while you are at the Holifield SLC. You may label, draw, or describe what you see. Be the first to get 5 in a row (left to right, up and down, or diagonal) or all 4 corners, but the real challenge is to get them all. Good luck and happy hunting! (Hint: your instructor will point many of these out during class.)

Water cycle

A fossil

24

Vocabulary

Adaptation Structure or behaviors that help an organism survive in its surroundings.

**Alternate energy Any source of usable energy intended to replace fossil fuels that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment.

Biodiversity The variety of different species living in an area.

**Climate The general weather of an area over a long period of time.

Deciduous Trees that allow their leaves to die in the Fall and grow new leaves in the Spring. For example: Texas Red Oak

Decomposition Disintegration of organisms or other substances into simpler forms of matter; can happen by the action of fungi or bacteria.

Deposition The process by which weathered and eroded material is dropped at a new location

Ecosystem All the living and nonliving things that interact with each other in an environment.

Ecotone An area where two ecosystems come together and overlap.

Erosion The movement of weathered materials by water, wind, or ice.

Evergreen A type of coniferous tree. Evergreens stay green all year long.

**Fossil fuels Fuels formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals; EX: coal petroleum (oil), and natural gas

Food Web Overlapping food chains with different pathways for the flow of food energy in an ecosystem.

Function The “job” that a body part does in an organism.

Inherited Trait Characteristics passed from parents to offspring through DNA.

Invasive Species Non –Native to the ecosystem, likely to cause environmental harm.

Learned Behavior A behavior that an animal develops by observing other animals or by being taught.

Metamorphosis The process of transformation from an immature form to an adult form.

Nonrenewable resources

Resource that nature cannot replace quickly enough to meet people’s needs.

Phloem The tubular structure in plants that carry food for the plant’s use.

Photosynthesis A chemical process where chlorophyll uses the sun’s energy to combine carbon dioxide and water, making sugar and oxygen.

**Sedimentary Rock Rock that formed when sediments were pressed and cemented together.

Structure A body part that does a certain “job” for an organism.

Transpiration The passage of water through a plant from the roots to the atmosphere.

Weathering Process by which exposed rock and other surfaces are broken down; may be caused by elements of weather (water, ice, wind) or other mechanisms (fire, chemicals)

** Critical Vocabulary first introduced in 5th grade