5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc · 2013-12-30 · 5xwg lglzÙsm df8[ — v:sf0 ˆ v\tu"t —— ufi v e[\;df \ 5hgggf\ 5`gm vg vfw]lgs p5fim ˆˆ tf,ld4ufigsm,mhl ljefu4 j8zgzl sm,h4 hps]pi4

$Page 1: 5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc · 2013-12-30 · 5xwg lglzÙsm df8[ — v:sf0 ˆ v\tu"t —— ufi v e[\;df \ 5hgggf\ 5`gm vg vfw]lgs p5fim ˆˆ tf,ld4ufigsm,mhl ljefu4 j8zgzl sm,h4 hps]pi4$
5X] ZMU lGI\+6 DF8[ ZFHIMG[ S[g£LI TF,LD ;CFI

IMHGFsV[:SF0f V\TU"T TF,LD IMHGF

cUFIvE[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|`GM

VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc

!& YL Z! 0L;[dAZ4Z_!#

5X]DFNFZMU VG[ 5X]5|;}lTXF:+ lJEFU

5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4

H}GFU-v#&Z __!

5X] ZMU lGI\+6 DF8[ ZFHIMG[ S[g£LI TF,LD ;CFI

IMHGFsV[:SF0f V\TU"T TF,LD IMHGF

—— UFIvE[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ !& YL Z! 0L;[dAZ4 Z_!#

TF,LD lGIFDS

0MP 5|O],EF> V[RP 8F\S

TF,LD ;\S,GSFZ

0MP SZXGEF> ALP JF/F

;\5FNSM

0MP UH[gN|l;\C ALP ;M,\SL

0MP ~5[X H[P ZFJ,

0MP lSZ6S]DFZ V[RP 5ZDFZ

5X]DFNFZMU VG[ 5X]5|;}lTXF:+ lJEFU

5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-v#&Z __!

5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#

2

5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P

0F¶P5LPV[RP8F\S VFRFI" VG[ 0LG

.vD[>,o [email protected] OMG G\AZo _Z(5vZ&*_*ZZ

;\N[X

EFZTDF\ B[TL VG[ 5X]5F,G V[S ALHF 5Z VFWFZLT jIJ;FI K[ VF A\gG[ jIJ;FI ,MSMGL VFCFZ jIJ:YF

HF/JJFDF\ VlT DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P EFZT N[X lJ`JDF\ ;[MYL JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG SZTM N[X K[P N]lGIFGF S], N]W

pt5FNG DF\ EFZTGM OF/M !* @ K[P 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ V[ DG]QI VFCFZ jIJ:YFDF\ 5X] 5|M8LG §FZF 5MQF6 5]~ TM 5F0[ H

K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ T[ N[XGF UFD0FDF\ ZC[TF HDLG lJCM6F GFGF TYF ;LD\FT 5X]5F,SMG[ U|FdI S1FFV[ JWFZFGL VFJS T[DH

ZMHUFZL 5]ZL 5F0JFDF\ DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P N]lGIFDF\ JQF"vZ_5_ ;]WL DG]QI VFCFZGL H~ZLIFT ,UEU AD6L

YJFGL XSITF K[P EFZT[ JQF" Z_!5v!&DF\ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG !!ZP5 DL,LIG 8GYL JWFZL !#5 DL,LIG 8G

SZJFGL H~ZLIFT pEL YX[P lNJ;[ lNJ;[ DG]QIGL J:FTL JWTL HFI K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ B[TL ,FIS HDLGDF\ n8F0M YJFG[

SFZ6[ B[TL 5FSMGL pt5FNG 1FDTF DF\ n8F0M HMJF D/[ K[4 VFD VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ 5X]5F,G V[ DFGJ J:TLGF 5MQF6

VG[ ZMHUFZL 5]ZL 5F0JF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 1F[+ ;FlAT YX[ T[DF SM. X\SF GYLP

5X] 5|HGG V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG HF/JL 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ GOFSFZTF JWFZJF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P DG]QIGL

H~ZLIFTGL 5X]5[NFXM H[JL S[ N]W4 .\0F4 DF; VG[ VgI H~ZL 5X] VFWFZLT VFCFZ V[ 5X] 5|HGG §FZF H D[/JL

XSFI K[P VF56F 5X]VM lGIDLT ZLT[ kT]SF/DF\ VFJ[4 ;Z/TFYL ;UEF" AG[ VG[ SM.56 5|SFZGL D]xS[,L lJGF

T\N]Z:T ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ T[ NZ[S 5X]5F,S EF.VM DF8[ VFlY"S §Q8LV[ VFNX" VG[ OFINFSFZS l:YlT SCL XSFI

5Z\T] CSLSTDF\ VF 5lZl:YTL CMTL GYL 5X]5F,SMGF VD]S 8SF 5X]VM 5X]5|HGG VFWFZLT 36L ALDFZLVMYL 5L0FI

K[ H[GF 5ZL6FD[ 5X]5F,S lD+MG[ B]A H G]SXFG J[9J]\ 50[ K[P 5X]5|HGG VFWFZLT 36L ;D:IFVMG[ ,LW[ A[ lJIF6

JrR[GM UF/M JWL HFI K[ 5X]G[ ;FZJFZ SZFJJFGM BR" YFI T¡p5ZF\T N]W pt5FNG HM.V[ T[8,] D/T] GYL VG[

OZLYL 5X]G[ AF\WJFG]\ YFI tIFZ[ TS,LO 50[ K[P 5X]GL O/§]5TFDF\ ;]WFZM VG[ 5X]GF HLJG NZdIFG SFI"1FDTF ;]WFZM

SZJM V[ GOFSFZS 0[ZL pnMU DF8[ B]A H H~ZL K[P

U|FDL6 1F[+[ SFD SZTF\ VG[ 5X]5F,S lD+M ;FY[ ;L3F ;\5S"DF\ VFJTF 5X]WG lGZL1FSMG[ 5X];\J"WG VG[

5X]5|HGGGL VFW]lGS DFlCTLYL JFS[O YFI TYF 5X]5|HGG VFWFZLT 5X]5F,SMGF D]\HJTF 5|`GMGL RRF" lJRFZ6GF

V\T[ 5X]5|HGGGL DFlCTL 5X]5F,SM ;]WL 5CM\R[ T[ DF8[ ZFHIG[ S[g£LI TF,LD IMHGF sV[:SF0f GF EFU~5[ 5|SFlXT

SZJFDF\ VFJ[, cUFIvE[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc lJQFI p5ZGL VF 5]l:TSFDF\ ;DFlJQ8 lJlJW

5X]5|HGG4 S}l+D JLI"NFG VG[ ;\,uG 5X]5F,GGF ,[BMGL DFlCTL VF5JFDF\ VFJL K[ H[ 5X]WG lGZL1FSM TYF

5X]5F,SMG[ B]A H p5IMUL AGL ZC[X[ T[JL DG[ VFXF K[P

TFP !&q!ZqZ_!# s5LP V[RP 8F\Sf


3

5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJWF,I4


0MP S[P ALP JF/F4 DNNGLX 5FwIF5S4

.vD[., o [email protected] OMG G\AZ o )&#($55($#4 _Z(5vZ&*_*ZZsVMOL;f

;\N[X

5X]5F,G V[ N[XGF U|FlD6 lJ:TFZGM V[S DCtJGM jIJ;FI K[ VG[ *_@ ,MSMGL SM{ \8]lA\S VFJSGM D]bI

:+MT K[P 5X]5[NFXM DFGJ VFCFZDF\ 5|M8LG DF8[GM D]bI :+MT K[[P 5X]5F,G V[ V[SDF+ V[JM jI;FI K[ S[ H[GFDF\

DFGJ S]5MQF6 TYF VFlY"S ;D:IF lGJFZL XSJFGL 1FDTF ZC[,L K[P HM VF jIJ;FIDF\ JW]DF\ JW] J{7FlGS VlEUD

V5GFJFDF\ VFJ[ TM N[XGF GFUZLSG[ :JF:yI4 ;FDFHLS VG[ VFlY"S 1F[+[ ;D'â SZJFDF\ DCtJGL E}lDSF EHJL XS[

T[D K[P VF AFATG[ N[XGF VFIMHG 5\R[ GF\[WL CF,DF\ 5X]5F,GG[ N[XGF lJSF;GL DCtJGL S0L TZLS[ :JLSFZJF lGN["X

SZ[, K[P

VFH[ 5X]5F,G W\WM 5]ZS G ZC[TF :JT\+ jIJ;FI TZLS[ Vl:TtJDF\ VFJ[, K[ VG[[ 5X]5F,SM GFGF DM8F TA[,F

AGFJL4 5X]GF N]W pt5FNGG]\ ;CSFZL ;\3M TYF XC[ZMDF\ J[RF6 SZL UF|DL6 Ù[+[ VFJS 5[NF SZ[ K[P 5X]5F,G

jIJ;FIGF[ jIF5 JWJFGL ;FY[ 5X]5F,SMDF\ 5X]5F,G,ÙL J{7FlGS VlEUDGF VEFJ[ TYF VFAMCJFDF\ YTF

O[ZOFZMG[ SFZ6[ 5X]5|HGGG[ ,UTF 5|`GM 36F JwIF K[P VF 5lZ:YLTLG[ wIFG[ ,> 5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G

DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- TYF 5X]5F,G BFT]4 U]HZFTGF ;\I]ST p5S|D[ V[:SF0 V\TU"T TF,LDG]\ VFIMHG J[8ZGZL

SM,[HGF VFRFI" VG[ 0LGzL4 0MP 5LP V[RP 8F\SGF ;LWF DFU"NX"G C[9/ 5X]5F,SMGF ;LWF ;\5S"DF\ ZC[,F V[JF 5X]WG

lGZL1FSM DF8[ cUFIvE[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF 5|`GM VG[ T[GF VFW]lGS p5FIMc XLQF"S C[9/ TF,LDG]\ VFIMHG SZL

5X]5|HGGG[ ,UTF 5|`GMG]\ lGZFSZ6 ,FJJFGM V[S GD| 5|IF; SZ[, K[P VF TF,LDGM ,FE 5X]5F,SM ;]\WL 5CM\RL

5X]5|HGGG[ ,UTF 5|`GMG]\ lGZFSZ6 ,FJJFDF\ RMSS; DNN~5 YX[ V[JL C]\ ìNI5]J"S VFXF ZFB] K]P

VF TS[ J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H}GFU-GF\ lJlJW lJEFUGF\ 5|FwIF5SM4 ;C5|FwIF5SM4 DNNGLX 5|wIF5SM VG[ ;J"[

lJQFIGF TH7M S[ H[VMV[ ;DI;Z jIFbIFG VF5JF TYF T[DGF TZOYL 5|F%T YI[, ;J"[ 5|SFZGF ;CSFZ AN, C] \

VFEFZL K]\P

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8LGF DFGGLI S],5lTzL 0MP V[GP ;LP58[, TYF 5X]5F,G BFT]\4 U]HZFT ZFHI4

UF\WLGUZGF lGIFDSzL 0MP V[P H[P SFKLVF58[,GM VF TF,LD SFI"S|DGF VFIMHGDF\ T[DGF TZOYL VF5JFDF\ VFJ[,

;CSFZ VG[ X]E[rKF AN, C]\ VF TS[ VFEFZ 5|U8 SZ] K]\P

J[8ZGZL SM,[HGF VFRFI" VG[ 0LGzL TYF VF TF,LD SFI"S|DGF lGIFDSzL V[JF 0MP 5LP V[RP 8F\SGM VF

TF,LD SFI"S|DGF ;O/ VFIMHG DF8[ T[DGF TZOYL D/[, DFU"NX"G VG[ VF DCFlJWF,IGL lJlJW ;J,TM 5}ZL 5F0JF AN, C]\ VFEFZL K]\P

TFP !&q!ZqZ_!# sS[P ALP JF/Ff


4

5X] DFNFZMU VG[ ]5|;'lTXF:+ lJEFU 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-

cUFIvE[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc TFP !&q!ZqZ_!# YL TFP Z!q!ZqZ_!#

TF,LDFYL"VMGL IFNL

S|D TF,LDFYL"VMGF GFD DMAF., G\AZ ! zL I]PV[RPA,MR

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv;FAZSF\9F )$Z&# ()#Z!

Z zL V[GPV[DP58[,

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv;FAZSF\9F )$Z*# &&__$

# zL V[GPV[DPS]Z[XL 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITvVDNFJFN

)(Z55 (Z_Z&

$ zL S[PV[,P9FSMZ

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv;FAZSF\9F ))Z55 (!*&Z

5 zL V[DPHLPDG;]ZL 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv;FAZSF\9F

)$Z*_ 5(!!*

& zL H[PJLPlD:+L

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITvDC[;F6F )(Z$$ ((&()

* zL V[DPVF.P5|HF5lT 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITvDC[;F6F

)(Z5# (ZZ)_

( zL JFIPV[GP58[,

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv;]Z[g£GUZ )(*)_ !_#&5

) zL H[PJLP;M,\SL 5X]WG lGZL1FS4VFZP5LP:SLD45[0MS ZM0vZFHSM8

)(Z5$ 5!Z&5

!_ zL S[PV[DP58[, 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITvVDZ[,L

v

!! zL ALP;LPZF9M0 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv ZFHSM8

)*Z&& _&Z5

!Z zL H[P;LPZF9M0

5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv HFDGUZ ))Z5( 5)!($

!# zL VFZPV[,PDSJF6F 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv J,;F0

)$Z*_ #**&5

!$ zL 5LPV[GPDMNL 5X]WG lGZL1FS4GFIA 5X]5F,G lGIFDSzLGLSR[ZL4HL<,F 5\RFITv E~R

)(Z5( &$5)!


5

JSTFVMGL IFNL

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}gFFU-P

lJQFI TH7M .vD[., VG[ OMG G\AZ

0MP H[PV[;P58[,

5|FwIF5S VG[ J0F4

D[0L;LG lJEFU4

5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJWF,IP

[email protected] 94273 93905

0MPV[DPVFZPU0ZLIF

;C 5|FwIF5S4

X{1Fl6S 5X]WG OFD" ;\S],4


[email protected]

98258 40315

0MP V[RPV[RP ;J;F6L

;C 5|FwIF5S4

V[GLD, gI]8=LXG lJEFU4


[email protected]

94275 02728

0MP V[PVFZP VC,FJT

;C 5|FwIF5S4

V[GLD, HLG[8LS; VG[ A|L0L\U lJEFU4


[email protected]

84012 28451

0MP S[PALPJF/F

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4


[email protected]

93289 33728

0MP VFZPH[PZFJ,

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4


[email protected]

9427488263

0MP HLPALP;M,\SL

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4



mailto:[email protected]








6

0MP S[PV[RP 5ZDFZ

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4


[email protected]

90166 17817

0MP VDLT 5|;FN

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

D[0L;LG lJEFU4



0MP ZFH[XS]DFZ

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

V[GLD, C:Ag0ZL V[1F8[gXG4


[email protected]

97255 60412

0MP V[;PV[GP 3M0F;ZF

DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4

5X] pK[Z S[g§P

[email protected]

96620 55459

0MP V[;PV[;P 5ZLB

DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4

5X] pK[Z S[g§P

[email protected]

96628 51032

0MP 0LPALPAFZ0

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

DF.S|MAFIM,MHL lJEFU4



0MP VFZPH[P5F0MNZF

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

OLhLIM,MHL lJEFU4



0MP V[DPV[DP59F6

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

OLhLIM,MHL lJEFU4



0MP ZFH[X S]DFZ

DNNGLX 5|FwIF5S4

V[GLD, C:Ag0ZL V[1F8[gXG4


[email protected]

97255 60412











7

VG]S|Dl6SF

S|D lJQFI JSTFG]\ GFD 5FGF G\P

! 5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ 5X] 5|HGGG]\ DCtJ 0MP VFZP H[PZFJ, !

Z GZ VG[ DFNF 5X]GF HGGF\UMGL ZRGF VG[ SFIM" 0MP V[DP V[DP 59F6 $

# 5X]VMDF\ kT]RS| VG[ T[G]\ DCtJ 0MP S[P V[RP5ZDFZ !_

$ 5X]VMDF\ UZDL 5ZL1F6GL ZLTM VG[ T[G]\ DCtJ 0MP HLP ALP ;M,\SL !#

5 5X]VMDF\ C\UFDL jI\WtJGF SFZ6M VG[ p5FI 0MP S[P ALP JF/F !*

& S]l+D ALHNFGGL 5X]VMDF\ VUtITF4 OFINF VG[ DI"FNFVM 0MP S[P V[RP5ZDFZ Z!

* S]l+D ALHNFG 5wWlT GM 5|FIMlUS VeIF; 0MP V[;P V[;P 5ZLB Z$

( 0[ZL OFD" 5Z H{lJS ;]Z1FFG]\ DCtJ 0MP V[;P V[;P 5ZLB Z*

) 5X]VMDF\ JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZJFGL ALDFZL VG[ T[G]\ lGZFSZ6 0MP S[P ALP JF/F #_

!_ 5X] 5|HGGDF\ GZ 5X]G]\ DCtJ 0MP V[P VFZP VC,FJT ##

!! 5X]5MQF6G\] 5X]5|HGGDF\ DCtJ 0MP V[RP V[RP ;J;F6L #&

!Z S]l+D IMGLGL ZRGF V\U[GM 5|FIMlUS VeIF; 0MP VFZP H[P ZFJ,q

0MP S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ

$_

!# YLHJ[, JLI" DF8[GF Sg8[GZGL ;FZ;\EF/ VG[ SF/HL 0MP HLP ALP ;M,\SL $Z

!$ 5X]VMGL ;UE"FJ:YFGF H]NF H]NF TASSF VG[ lJIF6 0MP HLP ALP ;M,\SL $&

!5 SQ8NFIS lJIF6 DF8[GF HJFANFZ SFZ6M VG[ T[GF p5FI 0MP VFZP H[P ZFJ, $)

!& lJIF6 ;DI[ DFNF 5X] VG[ GJHFT ArRFGL ;FZ v ;\EF/ 0MP V[DP VFZP U0ZLIF 5$

!* N]WF/ 5X]GL ;J"WG 5wWTL VG[ T[GL VUtITF 0MP VFZP H[P ZFJ, &_

!( 5X]VMDF\ UE"5FTGF SFZ6M VG[ T[G[ V8SFJJFGF p5FIM 0MP 0LP ALP AFZ0 &$

!) 5x]F 5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU 0MP S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ &*

Z_ ;F\-q5F0FG]\ JLI" V[S+LSZ645'YSSZ6 VG[ JLI" YLHJ6L V\U[GM 5|FIMULS VeIF;

0MP V[;P V[GP 3M0F;ZF *_

Z! CJFDFGGF O[ZOFZMGL 5X] 5|HGG 5Z lJ5ZLT V;ZM VG[ T[GF p5FIM

0MP VFZP H[P 5F0MNZF *$

ZZ 5X]5F,SM ;FY[ ;\JFN SZJFGL 5wWlTVM 0MP ZFH[XS]DFZ **

Z# 5X] ;FZJFZ NZdIFG lGEFJJFGF YTF H]NF H]NF 5+SMGL DFCLTL

0MP H[P V[;P 58[, (!

Z$ 5X]VMDF\ ZMU lGJFZ6 DF8[GL Z;LGL HF/J6L VG[ p5IMU 0MP VDLT 5|;FN )Z

Z5 S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ 5X] 5|HGG ;FZJFZDF\ J5ZFTF ;FWGMGL HF/J6L

0MP S[P ALP JF/F )&


8

EFZTDF\ B[TL VG[ 5X]5F,G V[S ALHF 5Z VFWFZLT jIJ;FI K[P VF A\gG[ jIJ;FI ,MSMGL VFCFZ

jIJ:YF HF/JJFDF\ VlT DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P EFZTLI 0[ZL pnMUGF V[S ;J["1F6 D]HA EFZT N[X

lJ`JDF\ ;[MYL JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG SZTM N[X K[P N]lGIFGF S], N]W pt5FNGDF\ EFZTGM OF/M !* @ K[P

5X]5F,G 1F[+[ V[ DG]QI VFCFZ jIJ:YFDF\ 5X] 5|M8LG §FZF 5MQF6 5]~ TM 5F0[ H K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ T[ N[XGF

UFD0FDF\ ZC[TF HDLG lJCM6F GFGF TYF ;LDF\T 5X]5F,SMG[ U|FdI S1FFV[ JWFZFGL VFJS T[DH ZMHUFZL

5]ZL 5F0JFDF\ DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P K[<,F A[ N;SFDF\ 5X]5F,G 1F[+ §FZF ZFQ8=LI HLP0LP5LP DF\ $P(v&P5

@ H[8,]\ IMUNFG VF5JFDF\ VFjI] K[P 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ V[ N[XDF\ RF,TL ;\S,LT S'lQF lJQFIS 5|J'lTVMDF\ V[S

DCtJG]\ 38S K[P 5X]5[NFXMGL DF\UDF\ JWFZM TYF VFJGFZ 5[-LGL AN,FTL VFCFZ 5|6F,LG[ HMTF V[J] ,FUL

ZCI] K[ S[ 5X]5F,G 1F[+G[ VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ T[GL SFDULZLDF\ J'wWL SZJL H 50X[P

N]lGIFDF\ JQF"vZ_5_ ;]WL DG]QI VFCFZGL H~ZLIFT ,UEU AD6L YJFGL XSITF K[P V[S ;J["

VG];FZ Z_!5v!&DF\ EFZT[ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG !!ZP5 DL,LIG 8GYL JWFZL !#5 DL,LIG 8G SZJFGL

H~ZLIFT pEL YX[P VFHGL 5lZl:YTL 5|DF6[ ;\SZ UFIM4 N[XL UFIM4 E[\;M VG[ ASZLG]\ S|DXo N]W pt5FNGDF\

EFULNFZL ZZP(&4 Z_PZ54 5#P#* VG[ #P5Z @ H[8,L K[P ZMHL\N] N[XL UFIMG\] N]W pt5FNGsZP!lSPU|FPf

;\SZ UFIMG]\ s&P) lSPU|FPf VG[ E[;MG]\ N]W pt5FNG s$P& lSPU|FPf K[P 5X]WGGL ;\bIF D]HA EFZTDF\ 5#_

DL,LIG 5X]WG K[4 H[DF\ !))P_( DL,LIG UFI4 !_5P#$ DL,LIG E[\;M4 *!P5 DL,LIG 3[8F4!$_P5

DL,LIG ASZF4!!P#_ DL,LIG E]\04 _P&! DL,LIG 3M0F VG[ BrRZ4 _P5* DL,LIG UW[0F4 _P5Z

DL,LIG µ\84 _P_( DL,LIG IFS4 _PZ& DL,LIG DLY]G VG[ $() DL,LIG DZ3F K[P EFZT N[X e[\F;MGL

J:TLDF\ 5|YD4 UFIM VG[ ASZFDF\ ALH]4 3[8FDF\ +LH] VG[ DZ3F 5F,GDF\ 5F\RD] :YFG N]lGIFGF 5X]GL T[DH

DZ3FGL ;\bIFDF\ WZFJ[ K[P JQF"v!)5!DF\ EFZTG]\ 5X]WG Z)ZP( DL,LIGYL JWLG[ JQF"vZ__*DF\ 5#_

DL,LIG V[8,[ S[ ;TT !P_& @GF JWFZF ;FY[ p¿ZM p¿Z JWT] ZCI] K[P lNJ;[ lNJ;[ DG]QIGL J:FTL JWTL

HFI K[P ;FY[ ;FY[ B[TL ,FIS HDLGDF\ 38F0M YJFG[ SFZ6[ B[TL 5FSMGL pt5FNG 1FDTF DF\ 38F0M HMJF D/[

K[P VFD VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ 5X]5F,G V[ DFGJ J:TLGF 5MQF6 VG[ ZMHUFZL 5]ZL 5F0JF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 1F[+

;FlAT YX[ T[DF SM. X\SF GYLP p5ZMST 5X]WGGL ;\bIF VG[ N]W pt5FNG HMTF VF56[ VF56F 5X]WGGM

5]Z[ 5]ZM N]W pt5FNG DF8[ p5IMU SZL XSIF GYLP

HM J{7FlGS ZLT[ 5X] ;\J"WG4 5|HGG4 5X]jIJ:YF5G VG[ 5X]GL IMuI ;FZJFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM

p5ZMST N]W pt5FNGDF\ VF56[ JWFZM SZL XSLV[P EFZTDF\ UFIMGL #_ HFTM H[DF\ D]bI ZF9L4 ULZ4 SF\SZ[H4

YZ5FSZ4 ;FCLJF,4 N[VMGL4 C[,LSZ4 CZLIF6F4 E[\;MGL !_ HFTM H[DF\ D]bI D]ZFC4 DC[;F6L4 HFOZFAFNL

5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ 5X] 5|HGGG]\ DCtJ

0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ VG[ 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4

5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P


9

VG[ ;]ZTL K[P VF p5ZF\T VF56F N[XDF\ SM. 56 HFTLGF AWF H U]6M G WZFJTL UFIM VG[ E[\;MGL ;\bIF

JWFZ[ K[P VG[ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG V;, HFTMGL ;F5[1FDF\ GlCJT H[J] K[4 HM VFJF VMKF VFG]J\XLS U]6M

WZFJTF 5X]VMG[ S'l+D ALHNFG §FZF SJZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[ VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ VM,FN ;]WFZ6F ;FY[

JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG SZL XSLV[P

5X] 5|HGG V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG HF/JL 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ GOFSFZTF JWFZJF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P

5X] 5|HGG V[8,[ S[ A[ lJZ]wW HFTL WZFJTF 5|F6LVM JrR[GL ;\JwF"Gq;DFUD lS|IF 5Z\T] HLJlJ7FGGL

EFQFFDF\ VF V[S V[JL 5lS|IF K[ S[ H[ DFTFl5TFGF VFG]J\XLS U]6M ;\TlTDF\ V0WF V0WF JC[\R[ K[P VFD HMJF

H.V[ TM DG]QIGL H~ZLIFTGL 5X]5[NFXM H[JL S[ N]W4 .\0F4 DF\; VG[ VgI H~ZL 5X] VFWFZLT VFCFZ V[

5X] 5|HGG §FZF H D[/JL XSFI K[P 5X]G]\ N]W pt5FNG NZ JQF[" HF/JL ZFBJF DF8[ DFNF V\05L\0DF\YL .\0FG]\

lJDMRG NZ JBT[ H~ZL K[PHIFZ[ DF\; pt5FNG DF8[ JQF"[ JQF[" GJF ArRFGM HgD YFI TM H DF\; pt5FNG

JWFZL XSFIP pG pt5FNG TYF EFZ ;CG SZJFGL 1FDTF DF8[GF H~ZL 5X]WG 56 5X]5|HGG §FZFH D[/JL

XSFI K[P XZLZ lJ7FG VG[ UE" lJ7FGDF\ ;\XMWGV[ 5X] 5|HGG JWFZJF DF8[ V[S VFWFZE]T 8[SGM,MHL K[P

VF56F 5X]VM lGIDLT ZLT[ kT]SF/DF\ VFJ[4 ;Z/TFYL ;UEF" AG[ VG[ SM.56 5|SFZGL D]xS[,L lJGF

T\N]Z:T ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ T[ NZ[S 5X]5F,S EF.VM DF8[ VFlY"S §lQ8V[ VFNX" VG[ OFINFSFZS l:YlT SCL

XSFI 5Z\T] CSLSTDF\ VF VFNX" l:YlT VG[ T[GF OFINFVM ;\5]6" 56[ ,. XSTF GYLPVF56F 5X]VMDF\ VD]S

8SF 5X]VM kT]SF/GM VEFJ NXF"J[ K[4 JF\ZJF\Z pY,F DFZTF CMI K[4 5|FZ\lES UE" G]S;FG4 O,LGLSZ6GL

ALDFZLVM4 J\wItJGF 5|`GM4 DIF"lNT SFD[rKF4 JLI"GL UEF"WFG DF8[ VMKL 1FDTF4 JLIF6 AFN kT]SF/ DF8[

JWFZ[ ;DI4 UEF"XIGM R[54 ;MHM4 D[,L G 50JFGL ALDFZL4 SQ8NFIS 5|;]TL4 5]9] ATFJJFGL ALDFZL4

UE"5FT H[JL n6L ALDFZLVMYL 5L0FI K[ H[GF 5ZL6FD[ 5X]5F,S lD+MG[ B]A H G]SXFG J[9J] \ 50[ K[P

p5ZMST ;D:IFVMG[ ,LW[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/M JWL HFI K[ 5X]G[ ;FZJFZ SZFJJFGM BR" YFI T¡p5ZF\T

N]W pt5FNG HM.V[ T[8,] D/T] GYL VG[ OZLYL 5X]G[ AF\WJFG]\ YFI tIFZ[ TS,LO 50[ K[P

GOFSFZS 0[ZL OFD" DF8[ V[OPV[PVMP D]HA 5X]GL 5]bITF p\DZq5|YD ;\J"WGGL p\DZv!( DlCGF4

5|YD lJIF6GL pD\Zv#_ DCLGF YL GLR[4 lJEFJGF 8SFJFZLqC0"v&5v*_ @4 5|lT UE"WFG S]l+D

JLI"NFGGL ;\bIFv!P# YL !P$4 A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/Mv!Z YL !# DCLGF4 UE"WFG 8SFJFZLqC0"v(_ @4

lJIF6 NZv*5 @4 lJEFJGFsSg;5;Gf YL lJIF6GM ;DIv&_ YL )_ lNJ;4 J\wItJ ;D:IFv!_ @ YL

VMKL4 UE"5FTGL 8SFJFZL # @ YL VMKL CMJL H~ZL K[P V[S ;J"[1F6 D]HA I]PV[;PV[PDF\ S]l+D ALHNFG

VG[ ;\TTL 5ZL1F6GF ;CLIFZF 5|IF;YLUFI NL9 N]W pt5FNGDF\ Z&5 @ H[8,M JWFZM D[/JL XSFIM K[P

CF,DF\ G[XG, 0[ZL 0[J,5D[g8 AM0" §FZF J<0" A[\SGL ;CFIYL ~FP!*4___qv SZM0GF BR"[ ZFQ8=LI 0[ZL IMHGF

sV[GP0LP5LPfGL X~VFT VF56F N[XDF\ SZJFDF\ VFJL4 VF IMHGF §FZF S]l+D ALHNFG TYF ;\TTL 5ZL1F6

SFI"S|D ACM/F 5|DF6DF\N[XDF\ H]NL H]NL VM,FN ;]3FZ6F DF8[ X~ SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P

5X]VMDF\ VFG]J\lXS JFZ;M45IF"JZ645MQF6 VG[ jIJ:YF5G V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG VG[ 5|HGG 5|EFJ

GSSL SZJF DF8[GF D]bI RFZ 5lZA/ K[P CF,GL 5lZl:YTLV[ 5X] 5|HGG 1F[+DF\ n6F X\;MWGM YIF K[P H[DF\

D]bI S}l+D ALHNFG4UE" 5|tIFZM564.GlJ8=M UEF"WFG4UE" YLHJ6L4HFTL 5lZ1F64S,MGL\U4 8=Fg;HGLS


10

VG[ :8[D ;[, 8[SGM,MHL H[JL ZL5|M0S8LJ AFIM8[SGM,MHLVM TYF 5X] ;FZJFZDF\ 5|lTH{lJS NJFVM4 H]NF H]NF

V\To:+FJM45X]DF\ kT]SF/ VM/BJFGL J{7FlGS 5wWlTVM TYF VgI YI[, X\;MWGM V[S,F VYJF p5ZMST

8[SGM,MHLVMGF lDz6DF\ 5X]WGGF VFG]J\lXS U]6MDF\ JWFZM SZL 5X] 5|HGG NZ JWFZIM K[4 ;FY[ ;FY[

5X]GF ;\Z1F6DF\ 56 VU|LD E]lDSF EHJL K[P S'l+D JLI"NFG 5wWlT VFBL N]lGIFDF\ 5X]GF ;\J"WG DF8[

p¿D 5wWlT ;FlAT YI[, K[P EFZTDF\ S'l+D JLI"NFGGL X~VFT !)#) YL SZJFDF\ VFJL VG[ !)5Z GF SL

JL,[H :SLD §FZF UFIMGL VM,FN ;]WFZ6F DF8[ ;ZSFZzL §FZF VF 5wWlTGF p5IMU SZJF DCtJGF 5U,F

,[JFDF\ VFjIFP VF56F N[XDF\ $_4___ S'l+D JLI"NFG S[g§ §FZF $_@ 5]bT JI WZFJTF 5|HGG IMuI

5X]VMG[ S'l+D JLI"NFG §FZF ;\J"WG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P JQF"v!))) YL Z___ GL ;F5[1FDF\ VF56[ JLI"GF

0MhGF pt5FNG ZZ DL,LIGYL JWFZL JQF"vZ__)v !_ DF\ 5_v5Z DL,LIG 0Mh SZL XSIF KLV[ S], S'l+D

ALHNFG Z_ DL,LIGYL $$ DL,LIG4 5X]DF\ UFE6 YJFGL 8SFJFZL Z_ 8SF YL JWFZL #5 8SF ;]WL ,. H.

XSIF KLV[P VF56F N[XDF\ V;ZSFZS 5X] ;]WFZ6F SFI"S|D X~ SZJF DF8[ VF56F 5X]WGDF\ ZC[, GLRF

pt5FNG WZFJTL VG[ SM.56 HFTGF VFG]J\lXS U]6M G WZFJTL 5X]VMGL DM8L ;\bIF D]xS[, ~5 K[ VG[ VF

5X]GL VMKL ;\J"WG SFI"1FDTFG[ SFZ6[ A[ JLIF6 JrR[GM UF/M ;TT JWFZ[ HMJF D/[ K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ N]WF/

lNJ;M 56 VMKF CMJFG[ ,LW[ N[XGF N]W pt5FNG 5Z DF9L V;Z HMJF D/[ K[P 5X] VM,FN ;]WFZ6FDF\

5X]J\wItJV[ 5X]5F,G W\WFGL VFJSG[ V;Z SZT] DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P

VF56F N[XDF\ ;M[{ 5|YD UFIM VG[ E[\;MDF\ E'6 5|tIFZM56 8[SGM,MHL §FZF JFKZ0Fq5F0LGM HgD

!)(( DF\ YIM CTMP VFHGL 5lZl:YTLDF\ N[XGL 36L ;\XMWG SZTL ;\:YFVM VG[ I]lGJl;"8LVM CJ[ ;lS|I

ZLT[ UE" AFIM8[SGM,MHLG[ ,UTF lJlJW 5F;FVMGF ;\XMWGM VG[ pt5FNG ;FY[ ;\S/FI[,L K[P TFZLB !(

DFR"vZ_!#GF ZMH ZFQ8=LI 0[ZL ;\XMWG S[g§ BFT[ C[g0 UF.0[0 S,MGL\U 5wWlT §FZF :JF"G GFDGF S,MG

5F0FGM HgD YIM VF5C[,F 56 VF ;\:YF §FZF ZL5|M0S8LJ AFIM8[SGM,MHLGF p5IMUYL CM,L4 z[Q9 GFDGF

JFKZ0Fq5F0LGM HgD YI[, K[ VG[ VFZLT[ HgD[, JFKZ0Fq5F0LGL T\N]Z:TL 56 ;FZL K[ VG[ VF 8[SGM,MHL

§FZF HgD[, 5X]GF :JF:Y VG[ 5|HGG 1FDTF 5Z VFGL SM. VF0 V;Z HMJF D/TL GYLP

VFD p5ZMST AFATM HMTF 5X] 5|HGG V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG TYF VF56F N[XGF ;M{YL lJSF;XL,

1F[+DF\G] V[S 1F[+ 0[ZL pnMUGF lJSF; DF8[ 5|tI1F S[ 5ZM1F ZLT[ VTL DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P 5X]GL O/§]5TFDF\

;]WFZM VG[ 5X]GF HLJG NZdIFG SFI"1FDTF ;]WFZM SZJM V[ GOFSFZS 0[ZL pnMU DF8[ B]A H H~ZL K[P HM

5X];J"WG45X]5F,G VG[ 5X] ;FZJFZGL J{7FlGS 5wWlTVM 5X]5F,SM §FZF V5GFJJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[

VF56F 5X]GL O/§]5TF4 N]W pt5FNG4 VFG]J\XLS U]6MDF\ JWFZM SZL H XSLX] ;FY[ ;FY[ VF56L VD]<I

WZMCZ V[JL UFIMvE[\;MGF ;\Z1F6DF\ 56 DCtJGL E]lDSF EHJL XSLX]\P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


11

GZ VG[ DFNF 5X]GF HGGF\UMGL ZRGF

VG[ SFIM¶ 0F[P DMC;LGBFG 59F64 0F[P ZD[X 5F0MNZF VG[ 0F[P lJJ[S l;\3

5X] XZLZlS|IF VG[ Z;FIl6S lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I

H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-

prRS1FFGF 5|F6LVMDF\ GZ VG[ DFNF 5|HGGT\+GF V\UM B}A H lEgGTF WZFJ[ K[ VG[ lJHFTLI

5|HGG HMJF D/[ K[P 5|HGGT\+G]\ D]bI ,1F 5|F6LGM J\X J[,M HF/JL ZFBJFGM K[P

GZ 5|HGGT\+

GZ 5|F6LG]\ 5|HGGT\+ D]bItJ[ sX]S|l5\0f X]S|F6]\ pt5gG SZGFZ U|\YL4 lJI"Z; pt5gG SZTL U|\YLVM

s5]~:Y U|\YL4 X]S|FXI VG[ VlWJ'QF6 U|\YLf T[DH X]S|F6]\ T[DH JLI"Z;G]\ DLz6 SZLG[ T[G[ JLI" :J~5[ DFNF

HFGJZGL IMGLDF\ NFB, SZGFZ V\UM slX`GfG]\ AG[,]\ K[P

ZRGFGL N"Q8LV[ GZ5|F6LG]\ 5|HGG T\+ +6 lJEFUMDF\ JC[\RL GFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

s!f 5|FYlDS V\UM V[8,[ S[ J'QF6 v HGG U|\lY4

sZf S[8,LS ;CFIS U|\lYVM H[JL S[ 5]Z]:Y U|\lY4X]S|FXI VG[SFp5Z U||\lY

s#f AFCI 5|HGG V\U H[J]\ S[ lX`GP

J'QF6 ov ;F\- VG[ 5F0FDF\ A[ X]S|l\5\0M s0FA] VG[ HD6]f 5FK/GF A[ 5UDF\ ;FY/GL JrR[ VFJ[,L RFD0LGL

J'QF6 SMY/LDF\ VFJ[, CMI K[P T[DGM VFSFZ ,\AUM/ CMI K[ VG[ JHG VFXZ[ #__ YL 5__ U|FD H[8,]\

CMI K[P X]Sl5\0DF\YL X]S|F6]\VMG[ D]+G/LDF\ JCG SZTL Gl,SFG[ X]S|JFlCGL SC[JFI K[ VG[ pNZU]CF TZO HTF\

X]S|JFlCGLG[ ;DF\¿Z[ X]S|WDlG4 X]S|R[TF VG[ X]S|lXZF 56 ;\dD[l,T Y. V[S H}Y AG[ K[P H[G[ ccX]S|ZHH]ccGF

;\I]ST GFDYL VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

J'QF6GF SFIM"ov X]S|l5\0GL X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ X]S|F6]VM pt5gG SZJFGL XlST ZC[,L CMI K[ X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\

ZC[,F 5|JFCLDF\ X]S|F6]VM TZLG[ J'QF6HF/GL G,LSFVMDF\ VFJ[ K[P X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ ZC[,] 5|JFCL B]AH

NAF6 T/[ pN|EJT] CMJFYL J'QF6 C\D[XF ;BT ,FU[ K[PVF p5ZF\T J'QF6GL X]S|G,LSFGVM JrR[ ZC[,F ,[0L\U

SMQFM p5Z VU|l5rI]8ZLGF <I]8LGF.hL\U V\To:+FJGL V;Z YJFYL T[DF\ V[g0=MHG VG[ 8[:8M:8LZMGG]\

;\`,[X6 YFI K[P X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ X]S|F6]VM pt5gG SZJFGF SFI"G] lGI\+6 VU| l5rI]8ZLU|\YLGF 5]8S

J'lwW5|[ZS V\To:+FJ J0[ YFI K[P

J'QF6 D]QSov J'QF6G[ hL,L ;]Z1FLT ZFBGFZ RFD0LGF SMY/L VFSFZGF EFUG[ J'QF6D]QS SC[ K[PT[DF\ A[

J'QF6 ZC[,F\ CMI K[P;F\-G]\ J'QF6D]QS DM8L AF8,L H[JF VFSFZG\] CMI KP[J'QF6D]QSDF\ AgG[ J'QF6MG[ K]8F 5F0TM

58, CMI K[PVFYL J'QF6MG[ V[SALHFYL V0SLG[ G ZC[TF K]8F K]8F 5MT5MTFGF BFGFVMDF\ H ZC[ K[P

J'QF6D]QSGL 5FT/L RFD0L GLR[ :GFI]DI VD[N:S S\R]S CMI K[P VD[N:S l:YlT:YF5S CMI K[ VG[ T [ J'QF6GL


12

OZT[ VFJZ6 AGFJ[ K[PA\G[ J'QF6MG[ H]NF 5F0T]\ J'QF6D]QS 58, T[DF\YL AG[ K[P J'QF6D]QSG]\ ;[[{FYL V\NZG]\ 50

5lZJ'QF6 S\R]S TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P

J'QF6D]QSGF SFIM"ov J'QF6D]QSG]\ D]bI SFI" J'QF6GL VF;5F;GF pQ6TF5DFGG]\ lGI\+6 SZJFG]\ KP[ T[GL

lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL ZRGFG[ ,L3[ T[DF\ A3L H kT]VMDF\ J'QF6GL VF;5F;G]\ pQ6TF5DFG XZLZGF pQ6TF5DFG

SZTF\ $ YL * ;[\PU|[ H[8,]\ GLR]\ ZC[ K[PT[DF\ ZC[,F :GFI]VMGF A[ VFJZ6M ;\SMRG §JFZF J'QF6G[ H~lZIFT

5|DF6[ pNZU]CFGL GHLS ,FJLG[ J3] pQ6 AGFJ[ K[ VYJF lJ:OFZLT Y.G[ T[G[ pNZU]CFGL N]Z ,.H.G[ T[G] \

pQ6TF5DFG 38F0[ K[P VF p5ZF\T J'QF6D]QSDF\ ZC[,L lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL Z]l3ZJFlCGLVMGL UM9J6 TYF T[GL

SZR,LJF/L RFD0L 56 J'QF6GL OZT[ IMuI pQ6TF5DFG HF/JL ZFBJFDF\ DNN~5 YFI K[P

VlWJ'QF6ov J'QF6 ;FY[ H ;\S/FI[,L TYF RM\8,L G/FSFZ ZRGFG[ VlWJ'QF6GF GFD[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFDI CMI K[ VG[ T[GL Gl,SFVMGM 5Y ;\JlT" CMI K[PT[VMG[ VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SF SC[JFDF\ VFJ[

K[P VlWJ'QF6G[ +6 lJEFUDF\ JC[\RL GFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[Ps!f VlWJ'QF6 lXQF"sZf VlWJ'QF6 SFI VG[ s#f

VlWJ'QF6 5]rKP J'QF6GF p5ZGF K[0[ H[ %IF,F VFSFZGM A]9F 5|JW" ;DFG H[ EFU ZC[,M K[ T[G[ VlWJ'QF6

lXQF" SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P J'QF6GF GLR[GF K[0[ VlWJ'QF6 GM H[ EFU ZC[,M CMI K[ T[G[ VlWJ'QF65]rK SC[ K[P

VlWJ'QF65]rK YM0[ V\X[ J'QF6YL K]8]\ TYF ,8ST]\ VG[ X]S|JFlCGL ;FY[ HM0FI[,]\ CMI K[P VlWJ'QF65]rK TYF

VlWJ'QF6lXQF" JrR[GM EFU VlWJ'QF6SFI TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P

VlWJ'QF6GF SFIM" ov VlWJ'QF6GF D]bI RFZ SFIM" K[P

s!f JCG ov VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVM DFZOT[ X]SF|6]VM J'QF6 HF/DF\YL X]S|JFlCGL TZO JCG 5FD[ K[P VF

5|SFZGF JCGDF\ J'QF6GL AFCIUFDL Gl,SFVMDF\ 5|JT"T]\ VMK]\ NAF64 VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVMGF 51D,GL UlT

TYF Gl,SFGF ;FNF :GFI]VMG]\ ;\SMRG D]bItJ[ HJFANFZ K[P X]SF|6]VMG[ X]S|Gl,SFDF\YL VlWJ'QF6 XLQF" ;]WL

5CMRF0TF\ VFXZ[ * YL ) lNJ; ,FU[ K[P

sZf ;F\l§ISZ6 ov X]S|Gl,SFVMDF\YL VlWJ'QF6 TZO VFJTF X]SF|6]VM H[ 5|JFCLDF\ lG,\lAT YFI K[ T[

5|JFCLG]\ VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVMDF\ VJXMQF6 YFI K[P VFG[ 5lZ6FD[ VlWJ'QF65]rKDF\ X]SF|6]G]\ ;F\l§ISZ6 YFI

K[P

s#f X]SF|6] 5lZ5SJGov VlWJ'QF6DF\ X]SF|6]VM 5lZ5SJ YFI K[[ VG[ T[DF\ S[8,F\S ZF;FI6LS O[ZOFZM

pNEJ[ K[P X]SF|6]VMGL 5lZ5SJTFDF\ VlWJ'QF6GL Gl,SFVMGF Vl3rKlNI SMQFMDF\YL :+FlJT YT]\ 5|JFCL

DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P VlWJ'QF6DF\ ZC[,F\ X]SF|6]VM :+LALHG]\ O,LSZ6 SZJF XlSTDFG CMI K[ 5Z\T]

X]S|Gl,SFVMDF\ ZC[,F\ X]SF|6]VM T[ 5|SFZGL SFI"1FDTF NXF"JTF GYLP VlWJ'QF6GF lXQF"YL 5]rK TZO H[D H[D

X]SF|6]VM VFU/ J3TF\ HFI K[ T[D T[D T[VM 5]6" 56[ 5lZ5SJ YTF HFI K[PVFYL H lXQF"DF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VM

SZTF\ 5]rKDF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VM O,LQSZ6 DF8[ J3] SFI"1FDTF NFBJL XS[ K[P

s$f ;\U|Cov VlWJ'QF6GM 5]rK lJEFU X]SF|6]VMGM ;\U|C SZ[ K[PVF lJEFUGF X]SF|6]VMGL ;\bIF 36L CMI

K[ VG[ Gl,SFVMGL 5CM/F. 5|DF6DF\ DM8L CMI K[ VlWJ'QF6DF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VMGL V3L" ;\bIF VF lJEFUDF\

H ;\U|CFI[,L CMI K[P VlWJ'QF65]rKDF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VMGM RIF5RI NZ GCLJT™ CMI K[P VCL\ T[VM ;]QF%T


13

VJ:YFDF\ CMI K[P VlWJ'QF6DF\ X]SF|6]VM &_ lNJ; ;]3L O,LSZ6 DF8[ SFI"1FD VG[ HLJ\T ZC[ K[P,F\AF

;DIGF ;\U|CYL VlWJ'QF6DF\GF X]SF|6]VM ,UEU D'T 5FI AG[ K[P

;CFIS U|\YLVM

X]S|FXI ov V[J] DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ S[4 X]S|FXIU|\YL lJI"GM ;\U|C SZ[ K[ VG[ T[GL G,LSFVM D}+ G/LDF\ B],[ K[P

5]~:YU|\YL o v D]+G/LGL OZT[ ZC[,L CMI K[P VF U|\YLDF\YL GLS/TL G,LSFVM D}+G/LDF\ B},L U|\YLDF\

AG[,F :+FJG[ ;\EMU JBT[ D}+G/LDF\ 9F,J[ K[P

SFp5Z U||\lYov SFp5Z U||\lYVMGL V[S HM0 D]+Gl,SF p5Z H ZC[,L CMI K[P SFp5Z U||\lYGM VFSFZ HZNF/]

H[JM CMI K[PVF U|\lYVM D]+Gl, H[ :Y/[ lGT\AGF 5|N[XDF\YL ACFZ 50[ K[ tIF\ H ZC[,L CMI K[ VF U||\lYVMGF

:+FJL SMQFM ,\AWGFSFZ CMI K[ VG[ T[DF\ :+FJL S6LSFVM 5]QS/ 5|DF6DF\ ZC[,L CMI K[P SFp5Z U||\lYDF\YL

hZTF\ :+FJM lJI":B,G 5C[,F\ D]+Gl,G[ 3M. ;FO SZL HLJF6]lJCLG AGFJ[ K[P lJI":B,G JBT[ VYJF

;\EMUGL X~VFTDF\ ;F\9GF lX`GDF\YL ACFZ 50TF 5|JFCLGF 8L5F\ SFp5Z U||\lYDF\YL :+FJLT YI[,F 5|JFCLGF

CMI K[P5]Z]QY U||\lyFDF\YL pNEJTM :+FJ lJI"DF\ E/[ K[P SFp5Z U||\lY TYF 5]Z]QY U||\lyFGF :+FJG]\ 5LP V[RP

*P5 YL (PZ CMI K[P

D}+G/L ov GZ 5|F6LDF\ D}+G/L D]+FXIYL X~ YFI K[ T[GF A[ EFU 50[ K[P X~VFTGM lGT\A U]CFDF\ VFJ[,

EFU VG[ 5FK/GM lX`GDF\ VFJ[, EFUP D}+Gl,SFG]\ SFI" D}+ VG[ lJI"G[ XZLZGL ACFZ O[\SJFG] K[P

lX`G ov lX`G +6 EFUDF\ JC[\RFI[,] K[P

!P lX`GD}/

ZP lX`GSFI

#P lX`GFU| slX`G 8MRf

lX`GFU| V[S 5|SFZGL RFD0LGF SJRYL ;\5}6" -\SFI[,]\ CMI K[ H[G[ lX`GFU|rK\N SC[ K[P H[ V[S 5CM/L

G/L H[J]\ RFD0LGF 50G]\ AG[,]\ K[ VG[ lX`GGL ;]QF'%T VJ:YFDF\ lX`GFU|G[ ;\5}6"56[ -F\SL N[ K[P

lX`GSFI V\U|[HL ccV[;cc VFSFZ[ J/[,]\ CMI K[4 H[ lGJT"S :GFI]GL DNNYL UM9JFI[, CMI K[P lX`G

ptYFG J[/F VF :GFI] -L,M 50TF\ V\U|[HL ccV[;cc VFSFZGM lX`GGM J/F\S ;LWM AG[ K[ VG[ 5lZ6FD :J~5[

lX`GGL ,\AF.DF\ JWFZM Y. lX`GFU|rK\NGL ACFZ VFXZ[ V[S O]8 H[8,M GLS/[ K[4 lX`G ptYFG YTF\ T[ ;BT

AG[ K[P H[YL IMGLDF\ ;C[,F.YL NFB, Y. XS[ K[P

DFNF 5|HGGT\+

DFNF 5|F6LVMG]\ 5|HGG T\+ D]bItJ[ V\0l5\04 V\0JFlCGL4 UEF"XI4 IMlGDFU" VG[ AFCI HGGV\UMG]

AG[,]\ K[P DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\ A[ V\0l5\0 s0FA]\ VG] HD6]\f CMI K[P H[VM D}+l5\0GF 5FK/GF EFUGL GHLS

ZC[,F CMI K[P UFI v E[|;DF\ Z! lNJ;G]\ kT]RS| CMI K[P kT]RS|GF V\TEFUDF\ V\0DMRG YFI K[ VG[

V\0DMRG YIF 5KL V\0l5\0GL T[ HuIFV[ l5¿SFIGM lJSF; YFI K[P

DFNF 5X]VMGF 5|HGGT\+DF\ l0dAU\|lYVMqV\0FXI4 V\0JFlCGL4 UEF"XI4 UEF"XIU|LJF TYF IMlGGM

;DFJ[X YFI K[P


14

V\0FXI o

V\0FXIGL S[g£LI 5|F\TJ:YFDF\ D]bItJ[ ZSTJFlCGLVM4 ;\IMHLvpTS VG[ R[TFVM ZC[, K[P T[GF

5lZ3GM EFU4 HGGLI p5S,F4 VFlN l0dAM4 5|FYlDS S[ l£TLI VJ:YFGF lJS;TF 5]8SM 5]bT YTF\ VYJF

5]bT YI[,F\ U|FlOVG 5]8SM4 V5SQF" 5FD[,F VYJF VlJJZ 5]8SM4 5]bT ZLT[ lJS;[,4 lJS;TF TYF V5SQF"

5FDTF l5¿l5\0M T[DH VF ZRGFVMG[ 5MQF6 VF5TL ZSTJFlCGLVM WZFJTM CMI K[P V\0FXI T[GL VlE5'Q9

VG[ 5F`J" AFH]VMV[ lJ:T'T A\WGLGF V\0U\|lY IMHGL GFDGF EFU ;FY[ HM0FI[, CMI K[P

V\0FXIGM VlWDwIEFU4 UEF"XI VG[ V\UU\|lY A\WGL ;FY[ HM0FI[, CMI K[P V\0FXIG[ ZST 5}ZJ9M

UEF"XI V\0SMX WDGLGL V[S XFBF £FZF D/[ K[P H[D 5X]GL p\DZ JW[ K[ T[D V\0FXIG]\ SN 56 JW[ K[P

V\0FXIGM TF\l+S 5]ZJ9M :J;\RFl,T R[TF\VM £FZF VFJ[ K[P UFIG\] V\0FXI ,\AUM/ VYJF VFBL ANFD H[JF

VFSFZG\] CMI K[P HD6L AFH]G\] V\0FXI 0FAL AFH]GF\ V\0FXI SZTF DM8F SNG\\] CMI K[ VFG]\ SFZ6 HD6L

AFH]G\] V\0FXI 0FAL AFH] SZTF JW] ;lS|I CMI K[P UFIG\] V\0FXI lJ:T'T A\WGLGF VU|EFUDF\ VFJ[, CMI K[

T[ zMl6GF 5|J[X£FZF GHLS zMl6GF EM\ITl/IFG[ V0LG[ ZC[,L CMI K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ V\0FXI UEF"XIU|LJFGF

V\TD]"BG[ ;DF\TZ CMI K[P

3M0LG\] V\0FXI D}+l5\0 VFSFZG\] CMI K[P l0dA1FZ6BFTG[ SFZ6[ 3M0LG\] V\0FXI VFJF VFSFZG\] CMI

K[ T[ RMYL VG[ 5F\RDL Sl8SX[Z]SFVMGF VG]5|:Y 5|JWM"GL GLR[ V[S D]õL H[8,L N}Z VFJ[, CMI K[ 3M0LGL

l0dAU\|lY l0dAU\|lYIMHGL £FZF pNZDF\ ,8STL ZC[ K[P 3M0LGL l0dAU\|lY UEF"XIGF lX\UYL 5P_ YL *P5

;[PDLP H[8,L N}Z VG[ p\R[ CMI K[P

0]SSZDF\ V;\bI 5]8SMG[ ,LW[ V\0FXI ãFÙGF h]\DBF H[JF VFSFZG\] CMI K[P S}TZLG\] V\0FXI +LHL S[

RMYL Sl8SX[Z]SF GLR[ VG[ D}+l5\0GL 5FK/ VFJ[, CMI K[P S}TZLGF l5¿l5\0DF\ SF\. 56 Z\UãjI CMT\] GYLP

lA,F0LG\] V\0FXI 56 S}TZLGF V\0FXI H[J\] H CMI K[P

DFNF 5|F6LVMGL pNZU]CFDF\ A[ ALHFXIM VFJ[,F K[P T[ 56 V\To:+FJL VG[ AFæ:+FJL U\|YL TZLS[

SFD SZ[ K[P AFæ:+FJL TZLS[ T[ :+LALH pt5gG SZL T[GM :+FJ SZ[ K[P HIFZ[ V\To:+FJL EFU V\To :+FJM

s.:8=MHG4 5|MH[:8LZMG VG[ ZL,[1FLGf pt5gG SZ[ K[P V\0FXIGF SN VG[ VFSFZ H]NF\ H]NF\ 5|F6LVMDF V,U

V,U CMI K[ VG[kT]RS| 5|DF6[ T[DF\ O[ZOFZ pNŸEJ[ K[P

DFNF 5|F6LGF HgD ;DI[ :+LALH 5|FYlDS z[6LGF 5]8SM :J~5[ CMI K[P T~6FJ:YF 5KL T[ l£TLI

z[6LGF 5]8S TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P H[DF :+LALH 5}6" ZLT[ lJSF; YI[, CMI K[P 5]bT 5]8SMGL ;\bIF V[S ;DI[

UFI E[\;DF\ V[S H CMI K[ HIFZ[4 3[8F\4 ASZF\DF\ +6 YL RFZ CMI K[P VFD 5|F6LGF JU" 5|DF6[ V[S VYJF V[S

YL JWFZM 5]8SMGL J'lwW YFI K[P 5}6" lJSl;T U|FOLIG 5]8SDF\YL :+LALHGF :+FJ YJFGL lS|IFG[ V\0DMRG

SC[ K[P V\0DMRG AFN l5¿SFI AG[ K[P l5¿SFIGM lJSF;4 kT]RS| NZdIFG lJzF\lTGF TASSFGL X~VFTDF\

TYF ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG B}A H YFI K[P

V\0JFlCGLGl,SF o

V\0DMRG YIF 5KL :+LALHG[ UEF"XI ;]WL 5CM\RF0JFG\] SFD VF G,LSF SZ[ K[P UFI VG[ 3M0LDF\ T[

Z_ YL #_ ;[DL H[8,L ,F\AL CMI K[P VF Gl,SF S96 VG[ EFZ[ J/F\SJF/L CMI K[P T\N]Z:T Gl,SFG[ D/FXI

£FZF T5F;YL B}A H D]xS[, 50[ K[P DM8F EFU[ T[G]\ 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFT\] GYLP VF Gl,SF V[S K[0[ UEF"XIGF


15

lX\UDF\ HIFZ[ ALH[ K[0[ V\0FXIGL GHLS B},[ K[P UEF"XIGF lX\UDF\ B},TF EFUGM jIF; V\0FXIGL GHLS

B},TF EFU SZTF\ 36M VMKM CMI K[P V\0FXIGL GHLSGM EFU UZ6LGM VFSFZGM CMI K[P V\0DMRG JBT[ T[

K}8F 50[, V\0SMQF s:+LALHf G[ 5|F%T SZJFG\] SFI" SZ[ K[P 3[8LDF\ VF Gl,SF UFIGF H[JL H 5Z\T] ,\AF.DF\

VMKL CMI K[P 0]SSZDF\ VF Gl,SF !5 YL #_ ;[DL HIFZ[ S}TZL VG[ lA,F0LDF\ T[ 5 YL ( ;[DL ,F\AL CMI K[P

UEF"XI o

UEF"XI :GFI]VM VG[ ALHF p¿SMG\] AG[, CMI K[4 T[ E'6GF 5MQF6G\] UEF"ZM56G]\4 ;UEF"J:YF

NZdIFG UE"G[ 5MQF6 TYF Z1F6 VF5JFG\] VG[ ;UEF"J:YFGF V\T[ UE"GF 5|;JDF\ DNN SZJFG\] SFD SZ[ K[P

UEF"XI +6 EFUDF\ JC[\RFI[,\] CMI K[P s!f UEF"XI X\'UMqlX\U sZf SFIF VG[ s#f lU|JFP VF +6

lJEFUMDF\ 5|F6LVMGF JU" 5|DF6[ TOFJT HMJF D/[ K[P UEF"XIGL :GFI]VMJF/L NLJF, UM/FSFZ VG[

Z[BFSFZ SMD/ :GFI]VMGL AG[,L CMI K[P UEF"XIG[ ZST 5]ZJ9M DwI UEF"XI WDGL4 UEF"XIvl0dAU|\YL

WDGL VG[ 5]rK UEF"XI WDGL £FZF 5CM\R[ K[P

UFIGF UEF"XIG[ A[ lX\U CMI K[P T[VM UEF"XIGL SFIFG[ D/[ K[P UEF"XI SFIF !P_ YL ZP5 ;[DL

H[8,L ,F\AL CMI K[P UFIGL p\DZ VG[ VM,FN D]HA T[GF UEF"XIGF lX\UMGL ,\AF. !5 YL #_ ;[DL VG[

jIF; !PZ5 YL 5 ;[DL H[8,M CMI K[P UEF"XIG]\ :YFG z|Ml6U'CFGF EF[\ITl/I[4 zMl6GL lSGFZ 5Z S[ pNZDF\

5]rK EFUDF\ CMI K[P UEF"XI D}+FXIGL 5F`J AFH]V[ CMI K[P 3M0LGF UEF"XIGM VFSFZ V\U|HL c8Lc H[JM

CMI K[P UEF"XIGF A\G[ lX\UM UEF"XISFIFYL ,UEU SF8B}6[ CMI K[P 3M0LDF\ UEF"XISFIFGL ,\AF. lX\U

H[8,L H CMI K[P UFIMvE[\;MDF\ UEF"XIGF V\To:TZ p5Z ,UEU (_ YL !Z_ :TJSM CMI K[ H[

UE"ZM56DF\ DNN SZ[ K[P UEF"XIG\] SN ;UEF"J:YFGF SF/ NZdIFG VG[SU6\] JW[ K[P

UEF"XI U|LJF o

UEF"XI U|LJF UEF"XISFIF VG[ IMlGG[ HM0[ K[P T[ S0S4 S96 VG[ T\T]DI HGGVJIJ K[P T[G\] SFI"

;\SMRS:GFI] H[J\] K[ T[G[ ZST VG[ TF\l+SF 5]ZJ9M UEF"XI VG[ IMlGGF H[JM H CMI K[P

UFIGL UEF"XI U|LJF 5 YL !_ ;[DL ,F\AL VG[ !P5 YL 5 ;[DL jIF;GL CMI K[P JW] 5|;J VG]EjIF

CMI T[JF HFGJZMDF\ UEF"XI lX\UM T[DH UEF"XI SFIFGL H[D UEF"XI U|LJFG\] SN 56 DM8\] CMI K[P

IMlG4 zMl6U]CFDF\ D}+FXIGL p5Z CMI K[P T[ DFNFDF\ ;DFUD DF8[GF VJIJGF lJEFUDF\ HM0FI[,

CMI K[P IMlG 5|;J JBT[ HGGDFU"G\] 56 SFI" SZ[ K[P T[ VG[SU6L 5CM/L Y. XS[ K[P 5]rK EFUDF\ IMlGGL

DIF"NF D}+DFU"GF £FZ ;]WLGL K[P VF HuIFV[ IMlGrKN CMI K[P IMlG VG[ IMlG5|IF6 JrR[GF ;F{dI ZLT[

V\lS6" YI[, EFUG[ IMlGrKN SC[ K[P S[8,LS JM0SLVMDF\ IMlGrKNGF VJX[QF CMI K[P H[ S]NZTL ;DFUD VG[

5|;J 5KL N}Z YFI K[P UFIM E[\;MDF\ IMlG !( YL Z5 ;[PDLP ,F\AL CMI K[P IMGLGF EM\ITl/IFDF\

`,[QDtJRFG[ GLR[ UF8"GZGL Gl,SFVM VFJ[, K[P IMlGDF\ VG[ SDZDF\ VG[S U\|lYVM VFJ[, CMI K[P UFIv

E[\; HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ VF U\|lYVMDF\YL :+FJ YFI K[P VG[ VF ;ID NZdIFG IMlGDF\ ZST 5|;FZ6 JW[

K[P


16

IMlG5|IF6 VG[ EU

DFNF 5X]VMDF\ VF 5]rKEFU K[P IMlGrKN A[ EFUGF lD,GGL lGXFGL ~5 K[P D}+DFU"

IMlG5|3F6GF VU|EFUDF\ B},[ K[P IMlGDFU"G[ ACFZGF JFTFJZ6YL A\W ZFBJF DF8[ EUDF\ EU;\SMRS

:GFI]VM CMI K[P VF ;\SMRS :GFI]VM D/wJFZGF ;\SMRS :GFI]VM ;FY[ VG[ VG]ULSS[XLSFVM ;FY[ HM0FI[,

CMI K[P EUG[ A[ EUMQ9 CMI K[P H[ HGG DFU"G[ A\W ZFB[ K[P kT]SF/ NZdIFG EU ;\SMRS :GFI]G]\ ;\SMRG

YJFYL EUMQ9 B},[ K[P VG[ GZGF lX`GG[ HJFGM DFU" SZL VF5[ K[P EUGM £FZ zMl6GF EM\ITl/IFYL

SF8B}6[ VFJ[, CMI K[P

GZ 5|HGGT\+

DFNF 5|HGGT\+

;CFIS U|\lY ;CFIS U|\lY

;CFIS U|\lY

lX`GGM cV[;c VFSFZGM

J/F\S

X}]S|JFCLGL

J'QF6SMY/L

U]NF

lX`GFU|

D]]+FXIGL SMY/L

X]S|l5\0

U]NFDFU"

UEF"XIGF

lX\U0F

IMGLCM9

U]NF

UEF"XI UEF"XIGF lX\U0F

D]]+FXIGL SMY/L

V\0JFlCGL

V\0JFlCGL

V\0l5\0

SD/

IMlGDFU"


17

5X]VMDF\ kT]RS| VG[ T[G]\ DCtJ

0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F

5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


;FDFgI ZLT[ DFNF 5|F6LVM HgD AFN TZT H kT]RS|DF\ VFJTF GYL 5Z\T] H[D H[D DM8F YFI K[ T[D

T[D T[DGF XZLZDF\ lJlJW V\T:+FJGM :+FJ YFI K[ H[GL V;Z T/[ DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\ XFlZZLS O[ZOFZ VFSFZ

,[ K[ H[G[[ VF56[ DFNF 5X]GM 5]bTJIDF\ 5|J[X YIM K[ T[D SCLV[ KLV[P DFNF 5X] 5]bTJIDF\ 5|J[X SZ[ K[

tIFZ[ T[DG]\ 5|HGGT\+ V[S GJF H 5|SFZGF TASSFG]\ SFI" SZJFGL X~VFT SZ[ K[P H[ 5|YD kT]RS|GF :J~5[

5|NlX"T YFI K[ tIFZ AFN 5`J VFJ"TSF/DF\ 5|J[X[ K[ VG[ HM DFNF 5X]G]\ ;\J"WG G YFI TM T[ kT]SF/ lJzF\lT

VG[ 5|VFJ"TSF/q 5]J"kT]SF/DF\ 5|J[X[ K[P VF 5|SFZGL V[S S]NZTL ;F\S/ S[ H[ NZ[S JU"GF DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\

lGIlDT ~5[ V[S kT]RS|YL X~VFT Y. tIFZ AFNGF kT]RS|DF\ RS|LI ZLT[ 5|J[X[ K[ VFJF V[S RS|G[ kT]RS|

SC[ K[P

k]T]SF/RS|GL 5[8G"o

k]T]SF/RS|GL 5[8G" D]bItJ[ JQF" NZdIFG HMJF D/TF kT]RS|GF VFWFZ[ +6 EFUDF\ JC[\RJFDF\ VFJ[,

K[P

s!f V[S kT]RS|L 5|F6LVMo H[ DFNF 5|F6LVM JQF"DF\ V[S VYJF V5JFN~5[ A[ JBT J[TZDF\ VFJTF CM. T[JF

5|F6LVMG[ V[S kT]RS|L SC[ K[P NFPTPo S]TZF TYF H\U,L JU"GF 5|F6LVMP

sZf AC] kT]RS|L 5|F6LVMo H[ DFNF 5|F6LVM JQF" NZdIFG lGIDLT ZLT[ V[S SZTF JWFZ[ kT]RS| NXF"J[ T[JF

5|F6LVMG[ AC] kT]RS|L 5|F6LVM SC[ K[P NFPTPovUFI4 ASZLP

s#f kT 5|DF6[ v AC] kT]RS|L 5|F6LVMo H[ DFNF 5|F6LVM JQF" NZdIFG RMÞ; kT]DF\ V[S SZTF JWFZ[

kT]RS| NXF"J[ TM T[G[ kT] 5|DF6[ AC] kT]RS|L 5|F6LVM SC[ K[P NFPTPo 3M0F TYF 3[8FP

VF kT]SF/RS| DFNFJU"GL UFIM TYF E[\;MDF\ lGIlDT ZLT[ !( YL Z! lNJ;[ VFJ[ K[P VF kT]RS|G[

D]bItJ[ A[ TASSFDF\ JC[\RJFDF\ VFJ[ K[

sV[f 5]8SDI EFU sOM,LSI],Z TASSMfo

s!f5|VFJT"SF/q5]J"kT]SF/ s5|M.:8=;f s#v$ lNJ;f

sZf VFJT"SF/s.:8=;f s!Z YL Z$ S,FSfv V\0DMRG .:8=MHGGF\ JR":JJF/M TASSM\\\

sALf l5¿SFIDI EFU s<I]8LI, TASSM f ov

s#f 5`JVFJT"SF/qVG]kT]SF/ sD[8.:8=;f s# YL 5 lNJ;fv l5¿SFIU|\YLGM lJSF; YFI K[

s$f kT]SF/ lJzF\lTs0FI.:8=;f s!Z YL !# lNJ;f v 5}6"lJSl;T l5¿SFI s5 YL !& lNJ;f

v 5|MH[:8[ZMGGF\ JR":JJF/M TASSM


18

s!f 5|VFJT"SF/q5]J"kT]SF/s5|M.:8=;f s#v lNJ;f

kT]SF/GM VF 5|YD TAÞM K[ VF ;DI[ >:8=MHG V\ToàFJ ~lWZDF\ JW[ K[ VG[ T[YL 5|HGG V\UM

p5Z lJlJW V;ZM YFI K[P UEF"XIGL U|\YLVMGM lJSF; YFI K[P UEF"XIDF\ :GFI]VMG]\ SN JW[ K[ U|\YLVM

p¿[HLT YTF :+FJDF\ JWFZM YFI K[P IMGLGL lNJF,DF\ Z]lWZ 5|JFC JW[ K[P E\UMQ9MDF\ WLD[ WLD[ XMY p¡EJ[

K[P VF TAÞFGL VJlW +6 YL RFZ lNJ;GL CMI K[P

sZf VFJT"SF/s.:8=;f s!Z YL Z$ S,FSfv V\0DMRG .:8=MHGGF\ JR":JJF/M TASSM

VF ;DI NZlDIFG XFZLlZS VG[ DFGl;S O[ZOFZM HMJF D/[ K[P XFZLlZS O[ZOFZM H[JF S[ UEF"XIGL

U|\YLVMDF\YL RLS6M :+FJ IMGL DFZOT[ ACFZ 50[ K[P UEF"XIGF :GFI]VMGL ;\SMRG lÊIFDF\ JWFZM YFI K[P

VF ;DI[ YTF RLS6F :+FJYL IMGL ELGL VG[ ,L;L AG[ K[P E\UMQ9M ;]H[,F N[BFI K[P T[DF\ Z]lWZ 5|JFC JWL

HFI K[P T[YL T[GL `J[T tJRF UF- ,F, Z\UGL AG[ K[P VG[ UEF"XIDF\YL T[,GL WFZ H[J]\ RLS6]\ 5|JFCL 50[ K[P

s#f 5`JVFJT"SF/qVG]kT]SF/sD[8.:8=;f s# YL 5 lNJ;fv l5¿SFIU|\YLGM lJSF; YFI K[

VF TAÞFDF\ V\0DMRG YFI K[ VG[ AWF H DFGl;S O[ZOFZM V¡xI AG[ K[P `,[QD :+FJ 56 38L

HFI K[4 E\UMQ9MGM XMY 38L HFI K[ VG[ T[GL tJRFVM p5Z SZR,L 50[ K[P VF SF/ A[ lNJ;GM CMI K[ VF

SF/DF\ O,LSZ6 XSI AG[ TM ;UEF"J:YFGL XZ]VFT YFI K[ 5Z\T] O,LSZ6 XSI AgI] G CMI TM kT]SF/

lJzF\lTGF TAÞFGL XZ]VFT YFI K[P

s$f kT]SF/ lJzF\lTs0FI.:8=;f s!Z YL !# lNJ;f v 5}6"lJSl;T l5¿SFI s5 YL !& lNJ;f4

5|MH[:8[ZMGGF\ JR":JJF/M TASSMP VF TAÞM !5 lNJ; H[8,M ,FAM CMI K[ VF;DIDF\ HGG V\UMDF\

XFlZZLS O[ZOFZM p¡EJ[ K[ T[ AWF H 5|MH[:8[ZMGGL V;Z T/[ p¡EJTF CMI K[ VF ;DI[ ALHFXIGL ACFZGL

;5F8L p5Z l5tTSFI AG[ K[ 5Z\T] 5KLGF ;DIDF\ T[G] SN 38L HFI K[P UEF"XIGL lU|JF A\W ZC[ K[ T[DGL

U|\YLVM :+FJ SZTL GYLP

VFD p5ZGF RFZ TAÞFVMDF\ JC[\RFI[, kT]RÊ NZdIFG 5X]GF XZLZDF\ YTF O[ZOFZM VG[ DFGl;S

O[ZOFZ p5Z wIFG V5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM 5X] UZDLDF\ VJ[, K[ S[ GCL T[ HF6L XSFI K[P

5X]G[ J[TZ[ VFjIFGF lRgCMo

5X] A[R[GL VG[ pxS[ZF8 NXF"J[

8M/FDF\ CMI TM 5X] V,U ZC[ K[

5X] VCFZ VMKM ,[

N}WDF\ 38F0M YFI S[ 0ASFI

VgI 5|F6LVM 5Z S}NSF DFZ[ S[ VgI 5|F6L J[TZ[

VFJ[, 5|F6L p5Z 9[S[

;F\-GL ;MAT XMW[

IMGL DFU"DF\ ,F,FX N[BFI

EF\EZ[4 VFZ0[ S[ NM0FNM0L SZ[

T[,GL WFZ H[JL RLS6L4 :JrK 5FZNX"S ,F/L SZ[

JFZ\JFZ YM0M YM0M 5[XFA SZ[

EUåFZG] TF5DFG _P5 YL _P(_ JW[ K[P CFYYL

TF5DFG O[ZOFZGM V6;FZ VFJ[ K[


19

S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ ;DIUF/FG]\ DCtJo

DFNF 5X] UZDLqJ[TZDF\ CMI tIFZ[ H S]l+D ALHNFG SZJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] UZDLSF/ NZdIFGGF[ AWM H

;DI S'l+D ALHNFG DF8[ V;ZSFZS CMTM GYLP T[YL IMuI ;DI[ ALHNFG SZJF DF8[ GLR[ D]HAGL TS[NFZL

ZFBJL HM.V[P

JLI" dFFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ 5_ S,FS ;]WL 5|HGG1FD ZCL XS[ K[P 5Z\T] Z5 S,FS AFN T[GL 5|HGG

1FDTF 38TL HFI K[P T[YL JLI" Z5 S,FS 5C[,F DFNF 5|HGG V\UDF\ CMJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] O,LGLSZ6 5C[,F

JLI"G[ VD]S 5|SFZGF H~ZL O[ZOFZ DF8[ DFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ & S,FS DF8[ ZC[J] VFJxIS K[P T[YL DFNF

5|HGG V\UMDF\ JLI"GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF &vZ5 S,FS JrR[ CMI K[P

V\05L\0DF\YL V\0 K]8] 50IF AFN Z_ S,FS 5|HGG1FD ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] V\0GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF !_

S,FS SZTF VMKF ;DIUF/FDF\ CMI K[P

UFIM tFYF E[\;MDF\ V\0qALH UZDLSF/GF V\T AFNGF VFXZ[ !_ S,FS 5KL K]8] 50[ K[P TYF

UFIMvE[\;MDF\ UZDLDF\ VYJF J[TZDF\ ZC[JFGM ;DI VFXZ[ !Z YL Z$ S,FS CMI K[P

T[YL 36F AWF X\;MWG 5ZYL TFZjI] K[ S[ UFIM TYF E[;MDF\ UZDLSF/GF pTZTF EFUDF\ V[8,[S[

HFGJZ ;F\H[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;JFZ[ ALHNFG VG[ ;JFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;F\H[ ALHNFG SZJFYL

UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL XSITFVM ;F{YL JWFZ[ ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] VD]S HFGJZM ;Z[ZFX SZTF JW] ;DI UZDLDF\ ZC[ TM

ALHF lNJ;[ 56 ALHNFG SZJ] lCTFJC K[P

lJlJW 5|F6L JU"GF kT]RÊGL DFlCTLo

UFI E[\; 3M0L ASZL 3[8L 0]ÞZ S]TZF

5]bTJI

pD\Z

Z$v#&

DlCGF

#&v$Z

DlCGF

!(vZ$

DlCGF

&v!Z

DlCGF

&v!Z

DlCGF

5v&

DlCGF

&v!Z

DlCGF

kT]SF/RÊ GM

;DIUF/M

Z! lNJ; Z!lNJ; Z! lNJ; Z_ lNJ; !* lNJ; Z! lNJ; & DlCGF

kT]SF/GM

;DIUF/M

!ZvZ$

S,FS

!ZvZ$

S,FS

$v(

lNJ;

Z$v#&

S,FS

Z$v#&

S,FS

Zv#

lNJ;

(v!_

lNJ; s) lNJ;f

ALH K]8] 50JFGM

;DIUF/M

kT]SF/ GF V\T[

!_v!$ S,FS

5KL

kT]SF/ GF V\T[

!_v!$S,FS 5KL

kT]SF/ GF V\T

5C[,FGF Z$v$(

S,FSDF\

kT]SF/ GF V\T EFUDF\

kT]SF/ GF V\T

EFUDF

kT]SF/GL X~VFT

YIFGF #5 S,FS 5KL

kT]SF/GL X~VFT

YIFGF !vZ lNJ; 5KL

ALHNFGGM

DC¿D ;DI

kT]SF/

GF 5FK/ GF (

S,FSDF\

kT]SF/ GF

5FK/ GF ( S,FS DF

kT]SF/

V\TGF Z$S,FS

5C[,F

kT]SF/GFp

TZTF EFUDF\

kT]SF/GF

pTZTF EFUDF\

kT]SF/

V\TGF !Zv#&

S,FSDF\

kT]SF/ V\T

GF 5KLGF # lNJ;MDF\

UE"WFZ6 ;DIUF/M

Z(_ lNJ;

#!_ lNJ;

#$! lNJ;

!5_ lNJ; !5_ lNJ;

!!$ lNJ; &Z lNJ;


20

5X]VMDF\ UZDL 5ZLÙ6GL ZLTM VG[ T[G]\ DCtJ

0F[P HLPALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 VG[ 0F[PVFZP H[P ZFJ, 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU


5|:TFJGF o

kT]RS|GF H[ ;DI NZlDIFG DFNF HFGJZG[ GZ HFGJZ ;FY[ ;\U SZJFGL 5|A/ .rKF YFI K[ VG[

H[ ;DI NZlDIFG V[ GZ HFGJZG[ HFlTI ;\;U" SZJF N[ K[ T[ ;DIG[ J[TZq5F/LqUZDLqkT]SF/ TZLS[

VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF ;DI NZlDIFG DFNF 5X]GF V\0FXI DF\YL V\0SMQF sALHf K}8M 50[ K[ T[YL HM 5X]G[

VF ;DIDF\ G{;lU"S ZLT[ VYJF S]l+D ALHNFGYL O[/JLV[ TMH 5X] ;UEF" AG[ K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ UFIvE[\;

NZ Z_ YL ZZ lNJ;[ UZDLDF\ S[ J[TZDF\ VFJTL CMI K[P T[ ;DI NZlDIFG T[G[ UFE6 SZJF DF8[ S]l+D

ALHNFG VYJF S]NZTL ZLT[ O[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HM 5X] J[TZ[ VFjI\] K[ T[ DF,LSGF wIFGDF\ G VFJ[ VG[ 5X]G[

T[ ;DI[ O[/JJFDF\ G VFJ[ TM OZLYL VFXZ[ Z_vZZ lNJ;[ T[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFD4 J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GL

VM/B G YFI TM VFJF 5X]DF\ lJIF6 5KL OZLYL UE"WFZ6 DM0M YFI K[P T[GF SFZ6[ HFGJZGF J;]SFJFGF

lNJ;M JWL HFI K[P VG[ V\T[ T[G]\ B]A H DM8\\] VFlY"S G]S;FG 5X]DFl,SG[ EMUJJ\] 50[ K[P VFH SFZ6YL N}W

pt5FNGGF jIJ;FIDF\ 5X]DFl,SG[ VFlY"S G]SXFG G YFI T[ DF8[ lJIF6 5KL J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BL G[

T[G[ ;DI;Z O[/JJ\] VtI\T VUtIG\] K[P

J[TZ VM/BJFGL 5wWlTVM o

J[TZ[ S[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BJF DF8[ lJlJW 5wWlTVMGM p5IMU YFI K[P VFDF\YL S[8,LS

5wWlTVMDF\ J[TZ VM/BJFGF ;FWGM GM 56 p5IMU YTM CMI K[P VF 5wWlTVMDF\YL V[S SZTF JW]

5wWlTGM ;FY[ p5IMU SZJFYL J[TZ VM/BJFGL RMS;F.DF\ JWFZM SZL XSFI K[P J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]G[

VM/BJFGL VFJL H S[8,LS 5wWlTVM GLR[ NXF"J[, K[P

J[TZDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZDF\ AFæ ,1F6MYL

B;L SZ[, 5F0F s8LhZ A],f GF p5IMU YSL

U]NF DFU" £FZF DFNFGF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZLG[

RLG AM, DFSL"\U ;FWG J0[

CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z J0[

5\]K0F 5Z S,Z SZLG[

5[0MDL8Z GL DNN £FZF

;L;L8LJL S[D[ZF J0[

TF,LD VF5[, S]TZFVM £FZF

.,[S8=MGLS 5|MA £FZF

N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG V\To :+FJ G\] ,[J,

DF5LG[


21

J[TZDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZDF\ AFæ ,1F6MG\] lGZL1F6 SZLG[ o

AFæ ,1F6MG\] lGZL1F6 SZLG[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BJFGL 5wWlT B]A H 5|R,LT4 p5IMUL VG[

5X]DFl,SMGF ZMHL\NF SFDSFH ;FY[ J6FI[, K[P 5Z\T] VF 5wWlTDF\ J[TZGF AFæ ,1F6M lJX[G\] ;\5}6" 7FG CMJ\]

H~ZL K[P TNŸp5ZF\T VF 5wWlT DF8[ TF,LDAwW jIlST CMJM 56 B}A H H~ZL K[ S[ H[GL GLZL1F6 XlST B}A

H ;FZL CMIP ;FDFgI ZLT[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZDF\ GLR[ D]HAGF lRgCM HMJF D/[ K[P

XFlZZLS ,1F6M o

IMGLD]BDF\YL RLS6L 5FZNX"S SFR H[JL ,F/L HMJF D/[ K[P

IMGLD]BGL V\NZGL ;5F8L ELGL4 RDSTL TYF ,F,FX 50TL CMI K[P

IMGLD]BGF CM9 ;]HL UI[,F ,FU[ K[P

5X] JFZ\JFZ YM0MvYM0M 5[XFA SZ[ K[P

5]rK EFU GLRM VG[ 5}\K0LG\] lXQF" p\R]]\ ZFB[ K[P

XZLZGF pQ6TFDFGDF\ JWFZM YFI K[P

DFGl;S ,1F6M o

5X] A[R[G VG[ pxS[ZFI[, N[BFI K[P

BMZFS VMKM S[ VlGIlDT ,[ K[P

N}WDF\ 38F0M YFI K[ VYJF 0ASFI K[P

ALHF 5X] 5Z 9[S[ K[ T[DH ALHF 5X]G[ 5MTFGF p5Z 9[SJF N[ K[P

VFDT[D ;\}wIF SZ[ K[ VG[ GZGL ;MAT XMW[ K[P

AZF0[q VFZ0[ S[ NM0FNM0 SZ[ K[P

HM p5Z H6FjIF 5|DF6[GF V[S SZTF JWFZ[ ,1F6M HMJF D/[ TM 5X]DFl,S[ T]ZT H ALHNFG

SD"RFZLGM ;\5S" SZL U]NFDFU" £FZF HGGF\UM G\] 5ZL1F6 SZFJJ\] HM.V[P H[YL HFGJZ BZ[BZ J[TZDF\ VFJ[, K[

S[ GCL T[ HF6L XSFI K[P V[ VUtIG\] K[ S[ p5Z H6FJ[, AWF H ,1F6M kT]4 BMZFS4 5X]GL HFT T[DH

kT]SF/GF TASSF 5Z GLE"Z SZ[ K[P

J[TZDF\ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BJF GLR[GF D]NŸF wIFGDF\ ZFBMP

J[TZ q UZDL G[ VM/BJF DF8[ V[S TF,LDAwW jIlSTG[ ZFBJM S[ H[G[ p5Z H6FJ[, AWF H ,1F6MG\]

;\5}6" 7FG CMI4 5X]GL VM/B CMI T[DH kT]SF/GL VUtITF V\U[ U\ELZTF CMIP

kT]SF/GM DwIEFU S[ H[G[ :8[g0L\U CL8 (Standing Heat) SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ H[DF J[TZDF\ VFJ[, 5X]

ALHF 5X]G[ 9[SJF N[ K[ V[ ;DI S]l+D ALHNFG DF8[ IMuI U6FI K[P

;FDFgI ZLT[ 5X]VM UZDLGL kT]DF\ ZF+[ VG[ 9\0LGL kT]DF\ NLJ;[ V[SALHF 5Z JW] 9[STF CMI K[P

;\SZ UFIMDF\ ,MCL JF/L ,F/L UZDLGF A[ lNJ; 5KL VFJ[ K[ H[GM Z[SM0" ZFBJM HM.V[ H[YL VFUFDL

kT]SF/GM V\NFHLT ;DI GSSL SZL XSFIP


22

NZ[S 5X]DFl,S[ T[G\] HFGJZM J[TZDF\ VFJ[, K[ S[ GCL\ T[G\] GLZL1F6 SZJ\] HM.V[P ;FDFgI ZLT[4 VFJF

,1F6MG\] GLZL1F6 lNJ;DF\ A[ JBT V[8,[ S[ N}W NMCJFGF ;DI[ 5X]DFl,S SZTF CMI K[ VG[ T[ 56 5F\R S[ N;

DLGL8 5]ZT] HP VFD4 ;\5}6" GLZL1F6 G YJFGF SFZ6[ H 5X] UZDLDF\ VFJ[, K[ S[ GCL T[ 5S0J\] D]xS[, AGT\]

CMI K[P

J[TZ VM/BJFGF lJQFI 5Z YI[, ;\XMWGM D]HA HM VF9 N; 5X]VMGF ;D]CG\] lNJ;DF\ A[ JBT GL

HuIFV[ RFZ JBT VG[ NZ[S JBT[ NX[S DLGL8GL HuIFV[ V[S S,FS ;]WL GLZL1F6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM J[TZDF\

VFJ[, 5X]G[ 5S0L 5F0JFGL 8SFJFZL AD6FYL 56 JW] SZL XSFI K[P 8]] \SDF\4 HM AFæ ,1F6M £FZF 5X]DF\

J[TZGL BZF. SZJL CMI TM4 lNJ;DF\ RFZ[S JBT TYF NZ[S JBT[ VFXZ[ V[SFN S,FS lGZL1F6 SZJ\] HM.V[P

VFD SZJFYL J[TZ KFG\] ZC[JFGF lS:;FVMDF\ RMSS;56[ 38F0M SZL XSFI K[P

B;L SZ[, 5F0F s8LhZ A],f GF p5IMU YSL o

lJlJW OFD" BF; SZLG[ ;ZSFZL ;\XMWG OFD" 5Z VM5Z[XG £FZF B;L SZ[, 5F0FGM p5IMU SZLG[ J[TZ[

VFJ[, HFGJZGL VM/B SZJFDF\ VFJTL CMI K[P VFJF B;L SZ[, 5F0FVM UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZG[ VM/BL

XSTF CMI K[P 5Z\T] T[ ;\EMU SZLG[ DFNF 5X]G[ UFE6 SZL XSTF GYLP VFD HIF\ S]l+D ALHNFGGM p5IMU

SZLG[ HFGJZG[ O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMI K[ tIF\ VFJF V[SFNvA[ 8LhZ A],GM p5IMU SZLG[ VFXZ[ !__ H[8,L

DFNFVMDF\ J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P

U]NF DFU" £FZF DFNFGF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZLG[ o

5X]DFl,SG[ HM AFæ ,1F6M 5ZYL T[G\] HFJGZ UZDLDF\ VFjI\] K[ T[J\] ,FU[ tIFZ[ ALHNFG SD"RFZL

5F;[ T[GF 5X]GF HGGF\UMG\] U]NF DFU" £FZF 5ZL1F6 SZFJLG[ J[TZGL RMS;F. SZL XSFI K[P VF 5wWlTGM

p5IMU HFGJZG[ S]l+D ALHNFG YL O[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ YFI K[P UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZDF\ S]l+D ALHNFG

SZTF 5C[,F4 ALHNFG SD"RFZL T[GM CFY DFNFGF U]NFDF\ GFBL T[GF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZ[ K[P VF ;DI[

HGGF\UM GF VFSFZDF\ YI[, O[ZOFZ TYF VgI VF\TZLS ,1F6M 5ZYL J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P

RLG AM, DFSL\"U ;FWG J0[ o

VF 5wWlTDF\ 8LhZ A], VYJF VgI DFS"Z HFGJZGF GLR[GF H0AF sRLGf 5Z RLG AM, DFSL" \U

GFDG\] ;FWG AF\WL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ H[DF\ XFCL H[J\] Z\ULG 5|JFCL EZ[, CMI K[P UZDLDF\ VFJ[, 5X] 5Z HIFZ[

VF DFS"Z HFGJZ 9[S[ VG[ T[G\] H0A\] UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZGL 5L9 5Z D]SLG[ NAFJ[ tIFZ[ VF ;FWGDF\YL

Z\ULG 5|JFCL GLS/LG[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, HFGJZGL 5\]9 Z\UF. HFI K[P VF ZLT[ Z\UFI[, HFGJZMG\] 5KL U]ãF £FZF

TYF VgI AFæ ,1F6MG\] GLZL1F6 SZLG[ J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P

CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z J0[ o

lJlJW CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z H[JL S[ SDZ (Kamar), .:8=M8[S8 (Estrotect)4 AMJF.G A[SMG

(Bovine Beacon) JU[Z[G[ HIF\YL 5\]K0FGL X~VFT YFI K[ tIF\ RM\8F0L N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFJ\] CL8 DFpg8

0L8[S8Z ,UF0[, HFGJZ UZDLDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[GL ;FY[ RZT\] ALH\] HFGJZ T[GF 5Z 9[S[ K[ VG[ T[GF NAF6YL


23

CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z OF8L HFI K[ VG[ T[DF\ ZC[, S,Z HFGJZGL 5\]9 5Z O[,F. HFI K[P VFD VF HFJGZ ;F\H[

RZLG[ 5FK] VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[GL 5L9 5Z S,Z HM.G[ T[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[, K[ T[J\] DFGL4 RSF;JFYL T[ lJX[GL BZF.

SZL XSFI K[P

5\]K0F 5Z S,Z SZLG[ o

VUFpGL 5wWlT 5|DF6[ H VCL\ CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8ZGL HuIFV[ 5\]K0F 5Z S,Z SZLG[ HFGJZMGF V[S

ALHF 5Z 9[SJFGF SFZ6[ YTF S,ZGF O[,FJFG[ HM.G[ J[TZGL VM/B SZL XSFI K[P

5[0MDL8Z GL DNN £FZF o

VF 5wWlTDF\ DFNF 5X]GF 5U VYJF U/FDF\ 5[0MDL8Z GFDG\] ;FWG AF\WL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FDFgI

HFJGZ SZTF UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFJGZGL UlTJLWLVM TYF RF,JFG\] ,UEU A[ YL RFZ U6\] JWL HT] CMI K[

H[GL GM\W 5[0MDL8Z DF\ Y. HFI K[ VF 5[0MDL8ZGF VF\S0FVMGL GM\W6L SZLG[ T[DF\ YI[, O[ZOFZGF VFWFZ[

5X]G\] J[TZ[ VFjIFG\] RSF;L XSFI K[P

;L;L8LJL S[D[ZF J0[ o

lJN[XMDF\ BF; SZLG[ B]A H DM8F OFD"DF\ TYF ;\XMWG DF8[ VF 5wWlTGM p5IMU YTM CMI K[P VF

5wWlTDF\ HFGJZGF JF0FDF\ S[D[ZF OL8 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[GF £FZF HFGJZMGL JT"6}\SG[ 8LJLDF\ GLCF/LG[ T[

J[TZDF\ K[ S[ S[D T[ GSSL SZFI K[P SFZ6 S[ p5Z H6FjI\] T[D ;FDFgI HFGJZ SZTF J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]DF\ 36F

AWF O[ZOFZM HMJF D/TF CMI K[P

TF,LD VF5[, S]TZFVM £FZF o

S]TZFVMG[ ;\]3JFGL lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL TF,LD VF5LG[ T[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BL XS[ T[ SFA[,

AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P SFZ6 S[ S]TZFVMGL U\W 5FZBJFGL 1FDTF HAZN:T CMI K[P

.,[S8=MGLS 5|MA £FZF o

VF 5wWlTDF\ .,[S8=MGLS 5|MA G[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GL IMGLDF\ D]SLG[ lJW]T JFCSTF GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

ALHF HFGJZM SZTF\ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GL IMGLDF\ lJW]T JFCSTF VMKL HMJF D/[ K[P

N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG V\To:+FJ G\] ,[J, DF5LG[o

J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GF N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG GFDGF V\To :+FJG\\] ,[J, DF5LG[ 56 J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI

K[P VFJF HFGJZMGF N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG GF\ 5|DF6DF\ A[ YL +6 lNJ; 38F0M YTM CMI K[P HM VFJ\] HMJF D/[

TM T[ HFGJZDF\ U]NFDFU" £FZF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZLG[ J[TZGL RMS;F. SZL XSFI K[P

VFD p5Z NXF"jIF 5|DF6[GL lJlJW 5wWlTVMGM p5IMU J[TZGL VM/B SZJFDF\ YFI K[P NZ[S

5wWlTVMGL ZLT TYF J[TZ VM/BJFGL RMS;F. V,UvV,U K[4 5Z\T] C[T] TM V[S H K[4 VG[ T[ K[ cc 5X]GL

J[TZDF\ VFjIFGL ;FRL VM/B SZJL cc H[YL SZLG[ VFJF 5X]G[ IMuI ;DI[ O[/JLG[ UFE6 SZL XSFI4 TYF

5X]G]\ J[TZDF\ VFjIFG\] G BAZ 50JFGF SFZ6[ 5X] DFl,SMG[ YT\] DM8\] VFlY"S G]SXFG V8SFJL XSFIP


24

5X]VMDF\ C\UFDL J\wItJGF SFZ6M VG[ p5FI

0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ, 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU


C\UFDL J\wItJ V[8,[ UFIqE[\;4 JFKZ0Lq5F0LDF\ 5|HGG DF8[GL 1FDTF CMI 5Z\T] SM. SFZ6;Z T[

5FKL OZ[4 UFE6 G YFI4 J[TZ[ G VFJ[ T[G[ V5}6" J\wItJ SC[ K[P V5}6" J\wItJ V[ VFH[ 5X]5F,GDF\ ;/UTM

5|`G K[P H[G[ ,.G[ VF56[ JFlQF"S ,FBM ~l5IFG]\ G]S;FG EMUJJ]\ 50[ K[P 5|HGG V[ V[S UCG lS|IF K[P

XZLZGF\ ALHF V\UMGL lS|IFVMGM ;DgJI YFI TM H ;O/TF5}J"S 5|HGG XSI K[P HM VF 5{SLGL SM. lS|IFDF\

lJ1F[5 50[ TM C\UFDL J\wItJ 5[NF YFI K[P

C\UFDL J\wItJ YJFGF\ SFZ6Mo

s!f 5|HGG T\+GL lJ;UTFVM sZf HGGT\+GF V\UMG[ .HF s#f V\To:+FJGL T\+GF SFI"DF\ lJ1F[5

sBFDLf s$f 5MQF6GL +]8L s5f HGGT\+GF R[5L ZMUM s&f VFG]JF\lXS SFZ6[ s*f 5X] ;\EF/ TYF ;FZJFZDF\

DM8L p65 VG[ BFDLVMP

s!f 5|HGG T\+GL lJ;\UTTFVM o

O|LDF8L"G o HM SM. 5X]G[ V[S ;FY[ A[ ArRF\ HgD[ VG[ T[DF\ HM V[S GZ TYF V[S DFNF 5X] CMI TM DFNF

5X] C\D[XF DF8[ J\wI ZC[ K[P SFZ6S[ T[GF lJSF; NZdIFG GZGF J'QF6DF\YL H[ 8[:8L:8LZMG CMZDMG pt5gG

YIM CMI T[ DFNFGF\ HGG V\UMGM lJSF; V8SFJ[ K[P VFYL VFJF 5X]GM IMuI lGSF, SZJMP

pEI ,L\UL56]\ o HM DFNF 5X]DF\ GZ VG[ DFNF A\G[GF HGG V\UMGM lJSF; YIM CMI T[G[ pEI,L\UL56]\

SC[ K[P VFJ]\ 5X] SIFZ[I UFE6 YT]\ GYLP VFJF 5X]GM 56 lGSF, SZJFGM ZC[ K[P

IMGL58,G]\ SFID ZC[J]\ o IMGLDF\ V[S 50NM VFJ[,M CMI K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ 5|HGG T\+GF lJSF;GL ;FY[

T[ T]8L HFI K[P 5Z\T] T[ SIFZ[ SM. SFZ6;Z T]8T]\ GYLP VF JBT[ JLI" SD/D]BGL V\NZ HT]\ GYLP VFJ]\

5X] J[TZ[ VFJ[ K[ 5Z\T] JLI"NFG SZJF KTF\ UFE6 ZC[T]\ GYLP 0MS8ZL T5F; SZFJL VM5Z[XG wJFZF VF

IMGL58,DF\ RLZM D]SL N]Z SZJFYL 5X] UFE6 AGL XS[ K[P

lãDFUL" 5|HGG V\UM sSD/f o 36L JBT VD]S 5X]DF\ A[ SD/ D]B CMI4 SIFZ[S V[S AFH]G]\ XL\U0]\

CMI4 SIFZ[S V[S AFH]GL ZSTJFCLGL CMI4 V[S H ZHU|\YL CMI VYJF XL\U0F JrR[YL CMTF GYLP VFJF

5X] UFD6 ZC[TF GYLP


25

sZf 5|HGGT\+G[ .HFVM o S'l+D JLI"NFG SZJFGL V6VFJ0TG[ ,LW[ SIFZ[S IMGLGL lNJF, S[ SD/ D]BG[

.HF YJFGL XSITFVM ZC[,L K[P VFYL VF EFUDF\ ;MHM VFJ[ K[ VG[ 5~ Y. HFI K[P VF JBT[ 5X] J[TZDF\

VFJ[ KTF\ 56 UFE6 YT]\ GYLP lJIF6 JBT[ 56 SIFZ[S .HF YJFYL UEF"XIDF\ ;MHM VFJ[ K[P VF JBT[

56 5X] UFE6 YT]\ GYLP 5X]G[ JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ .HF G YFI T[GM bIF, ZFBJM HM.V[ VG[ HM AUF0 Y.

HFI TM IMuI ;FZJFZ VF5JL HM.V[P

s#f V\To:+FJL T\+GF SFI"DF\ lJ1F[5 o

AF<I 5|HGGT\+ (Infantile Genitalia): V5}6" lJSl;T HGGT\+G[ AF<I HGGT\+ TZLS[

VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFJF HGGT\+DF\ AWF\ H V\UM CMI K[P 5Z\T] SN GFG]\ CMI K[P AF<I HGGT\+JF/L

DFNFDF\ kT]RS| lGIlDT CMT]\ GYLP AF<I HGGT\+JF/L S[8,LS JM0SLVMG]\ D[NG]\ JWFZ[ 5|DF6 HMJF D/[

K[P 5LrI]8ZLGF HGG U|\YL 5|[ZS V\To:+FJMGGL p65YL VF lJS'lT YFI K[P

s$f kT]SF/DF\ O[ZOFZ o

!P kT]SF/ sJ[TZf GM VEFJ o N}uW SF/ NZdIFG4 pTZFJ:YFDF\ VG[ V5}ZTF 5MQF6YL 5X]VMDF\

SIFZ[S kT]SF/GM VEFJ HMJF D/[ K[P H[ SIFZ[S SFIDL 56 AG[ K[P kT]SF/GM VEFJ4 5X]GL HFT4

VM,FN VG[ JFTFJZ6GL V;FDFgITFVM p5Z 56 VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P V[8,[S[ ArRFGF lGEFJ DF8[

VG]S]/ JFTFJZ6 JBT[ H DFNF kT]SF/DF\ VFJ[ K[P N]uWSF/ NZdIFG YTF kT]SF/ VEFJGM VFWFZ

5X]GL HFT4 VM,FN VG[ 5|;]lTGF ;DI p5Z ZC[TM H6FIM K[P N]uWSF/ NZdIFG HM V5}ZTF

5MQF6JF/M BMZFS VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM UFIMDF\ kT]SF/GF VEFJGM ;DI ,\AF. K[P H[ UFIG[ JFKZ0]\

WFJT]\ CMI T[JL UFIDF\ kT]SF/GF VEFJGM ;DI A[ JBT NMCJFTL UFIM SZTF\ ,F\AM H6FIM K[P VFJL

5lZl:YlTDF\ 5LrI]8ZL HGGU|\YL 5|[ZS V\To:+FJMGL SFI"XL,TFDF\ TOFJT pNEJ[ K[P H[G[ 5lZ6FD[

kT]SF/GM VEFJ YIM CMI T[JL XSITF K[P

ZP ZH:B,GZlCT kT]SF/ o ZH:B,GZlCT kT]SF/JF/L DFNFVMDF\ kT]RS| ;FDFgI CMI K[ VG[

kT]SF/GF\ ,1F6M 56 HMJF D/[ K[P ZHU|\YL p5Z U|FOLVG OM,LS,GM lJSF; 56 ;\5}6" YFI K[P 5Z\T]

T[ OF8T]\ GYL4 H[YL ZHG]\ O,LGLSZ6 YT]\ GYLP ZH:B,G G YJFG]\ SFZ6 VD}S V\To:+FJG]\ V5}ZT]\

5|DF6 VYJF TM ZHU|\YLGL ;5F8L p5Z lJS'THgI O[ZOFZM K[P

#P ,F\AM VG[ 8]\SM kT]SF/ o GFGL p\DZGL DFNFDF\ SIFZ[S 8]\SM CMIP J/L kT]SF/DF\ ,1F6M 56 VMKF

5|NlX"T YFI K[P ZF+L NZdIFG VFJL DFNFVMGM kT]SF/ GM\WL XSFI GCL\ T[ ;DHL XSFI T[D K[P J/L

S[8,LS DFNFDF\ kT]SF/GM ;DI ;FDFgI SZTF\ ,F\AM HMJF D/[ K[P kT]SF/ 5}ZM YIF 5KL ZH:B,G

YFI K[ VG[ ZH X]S|SMQF £FZF O,LSZ6 YJFYL UFI A\WFI K[P HIFZ[ kT]SF/ ,F\AM ;DI RF,[ tIFZ[

JLI"NFG JC[,]\ Y. HTF\ O,LSZ6 YT]\ GYL VG[ VFYL R[5 G CMJF KTF\ UFIqE[\; A\WFTL GYLP VFJF

lS:;FVMDF\ VF9 S,FSGF V\TZ[ ALHLJFZ JLI"NFG SZFJJFYL ;FZF\ 5lZ6FD D/L XS[ K[P


26

$P U]%T kT]SF/ o U]%T kT]SF/GF ,1F6M HMJF D/TF GYL VFYL kT]SF/ GM\WL XSFTM GYL H[G[

5lZ6FD[ DFNF O[/JL XSFTL GYLP U]%T kT]SF/ NZdIFG V\0FXIGL SFI"XL,TF ;FDFgI CMI K[P VG[

ZH:B,G 56 YFI K[P U]%T kT]SF/ A[ ;FDFgI kT]RS| JrR[ VYJF TM 5|;]lT 5KL klTSF/G]\ 5|DF6

p\DZDF\ GFGF 5X]VM VG[ V5}ZT\] 5MQF6 D[/JTF 5X]VMDF\ lJX[QF HMJF D/[ K[P J/L lNJ;DF\ +6 JFZ

NMCJFTL UFIMDF\ U]%T kT]SF/G]\ 5|DF6 JWFZ[ CMI K[P E[\;DF\ U]%T kT]SF/G]\ 5|DF6 36]\ JWFZ[ CMI K[P

5P SMQ8LI V\0FXI sV\0FXIGL 5}l8DITF q ;L:8LS VMJZLf ;L:8LS VMJZL GLR[GF D]bI +6 5|SFZ[

HMJF D/[ K[P

;L:8LS VMJZL YJFGF SFZ6M o VF ZMU p\RL N}W pt5FNG 1FDTFJF/L VG[ BF; SZLG[ ;\SZ VM,FNGL

UFIMDF\ ;F{YL JW] HMJF D/[ K[P H[ 5|F6LVMG[ SM-DF\ AF\WL ZFBJFDF\ VFJTF CMI TYF H[G[ S;ZT S[ 5}ZTM

;}I"5|SFX D/TM G CMI T[DF\ 56 VF ZMU JW] YTF H6FI K[P VF ZMU NZ[S p\DZGF 5|F6LVMDF\ Y. XS[ K[P

5Z\T] T[ ALHFYL 5F\RDF\ 5|;J ;]WLGF UF/FDF\ lJX[QF YFI K[P

,F1Fl6S lRgCM o ;L:8LS VMJZLYL 5L0FTL UFIM D]bItJ[ A[ 5|SFZGF\ lRgCM NXF"J[ K[P s!f 5X] DFNF

SFDMgDFNF sGLdOMD[GLVFSf sZf kT]SF/ VEFJP

5X] DFNF SFDMgDFNF UFIMGF\ VD}S 8SF SFIDL J[TZGF\ lRgCM NXF"J[ K[P HIFZ[ ALHL UFIM JFZ\JFZ

VlGIlDT V\TZ[ ,F\AM ;DI ;]WL J[TZGF\ TLJ| lRgCM ATFJ[ K[P VFJL UFIM VXF\T VG[ pgDFNDF\ CMI K[P

JFZ\JFZ AZF0[ K[4 SIFZ[S DFZS6L AGL HFI K[ VG[ ALHL UFI S[ ;F\-G[ 5MTFGL p5Z 9[SJF N[ K[ 5Z\T]

DM8FEFU[ VFJL UFIM ALHL UFIM4 E[\;M p5Z S[ VgI :YFIL lGHL"J J:T]VM p5Z 56 S]N[ K[P VFJL

lGdOMD[GLVFS UFIM ;F\-GL DFOS J[TZDF\ VFJTL VG[ J[TZ VFJ[,L UFIMG[ lG5]6TFYL VM/BL SF-[ K[P VG[

T[GF p5Z 9[SJF 5|ItG SZ[ K[P J[TZGF lRgCMJF/L VFJL UFIM JFZ\JFZ ALHNFG S[ S]NZTL ;DFUD YJF KTF\

ZH:B,GGF\ VEFJ[ ;UEF" YTL GYLP

H[ UFIM kT]SF/ VEFJG]\ ,1F6 NXF"J[ K[P T[ DlCGFVM ;]WL J[TZDF\ VFJTL GYL VG[ VFJ[ TM 56

:5Q8 lRgCM NXF"JTL GYLP ;FDFgI ZLT[ !5 YL Z_ 8SF UFIM S[ H[ ;L:8LS VMJZLGF ZMUYL 5L0FI K[ T[ V[S v

A[ JBT VG[ kT]RS| q J[TZGM VEFJ NXF"J[ K[P

&P JZM/ o JWFZ[ 5|DF6DF\ HFTLI pt;]STF ATFJTL DFNFG[ JZM/ SC[ K[P N}W pt5FNG DF8[ ZFB[,F -MZDF\

VF lJS'lT lJX[QF 5|DF6DF\ HMJF D/[ K[P JZM/ -MZ J\wI CMI K[P G[ T[ SFID VYJF TM VD}S ;DIG[

V\TZ[ kT]SF/GF\ ,1F6M ATFJ[ K[P VFJF\ -MZ N}W pt5FNG VMK]\ VF5[ K[P T[GF EUMQ9 ;]H[,F N[BFI K[P

VG[ 5FK/GF YF5FDF\ lJS'lT YTF\ T[G[ 5]Q9 EFU ;F\-GF H[JM N[BFI K[P

HGG T\+GF R[5L ZMUM o 5X] :JF:yIG[ V;Z SZTF\ 5lZA/MGL V;Z 5|HGG p5Z YFI K[P pNFCZ6

TZLS[ H[ ZMUDF\ TFJ VFJ[ T[JF ZMUMDF\ X]S|F6]\VMG]\ pt5FNG 38L HFI K[P VG[ TLJ| :J~5GF\ ZMUMDF\ UE"5FT

YFI K[P VFD4 ,UEU AWF ZMUM 5X]GL O/§]5TF p5Z V;Z SZ[ K[P


27

A|];[<,M;L; o UFI4 E[\;4 3[\8F4 ASZF\4 E]\0DF\ YTM VF V[S ;F\;lU"S ZMU K[P A|];[,F HLJF6]\VMYL VF

ZMU YFI K[P 5X]DF\ A|];[,F V[AM8"; HLJF6]\ ;UEF" DFNFGF UEF"XIDF\ ZC[ K[P VF ZMUG]\ D]bI ,1F6

UE"5FT K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ UEF"J:YFGF 5F\R YL VF9 DlCGFGF U/F NZdIFG UE"5FT YTM HMJF D/[ K[P

VFJL DFNFVMDF\ A|];[,F HLJF6]\ CMI K[P VG[ T[ ZMU O[,FJ[ K[P A|];[,M;L;JF/L DFNFGL VMZ4

HGGT\+DF\YL GLS/TL ,F/L VG[ T[GF N]WDF\ 5]QS/ 5|DF6DF\ HLJF6]\VM CMI K[P ;F\-DF\ J'Q6 VG[ VgI

U|\lYVMDF\ A|];[,F HLJF6]\VM ZC[ K[ VG[ ;DFUD JBT[ JLI" ;FY[ DFNFGF HGGT\+DF\ 5CM\R[ K[P VFJL ZLT[

;F\- §FZF 56 ZMU O[,FI K[P

JLA|LVM;L; o VF D{Y]HgI ZMU JLA|LVM OL8; S[ JLA|LVMIMSMDF GFDGF\ HLJF6]\VMYL 5[NF YFI K[P VF

ZMU Z5 YL &_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG YFI K[P H[ ;DIDF\ E|]6 IF UE"GM GFX YFI K[ VG[ 5|F6L

pY,M DFZ[ K[P ;F\-G[ ZMU CMI TM ZMUGM O[,FJM h05YL Y. XS[ K[P

8=FISFDMlGIF;L; o VF ZMU 8=FISMDMGF; OL8; GFDGF 5|FHLJF6]\ §FZF YFI K[P 5|HLJM ;FDFgI ZLT[

lX`GFU'rKN4 IMGL VG[ UEF"XIDF\ ZC[ K[P VF R[5YL DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\ VlGIlDT kT]RS| TYF 38L UI[,

O,LSZ6 NZ HMJF D/[ K[P 5Ll0T 5X]VMGF EUMQ8DF\YL V;FDFgI :+FJ s5FSf HMJF D/[ K[P

;UEF"J:YFGF 5|YD l+DFl;S UF/FDF\ UE"5FT YFI K[P E|]6 q UE"GM GFX YTF\ 5]8SDI UEF"XIDF\

5lZ6D[ K[P S'l+D ALHNFG V5GFJJFYL VF ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJL XSFI K[P

5]8SDI UEF"XI s5FIMD[8=Ff VF ZMUDF\ UEF"XIDF\ 5~ V[S9]\ YFI K[P VF ZMU ZHU|\YL p5Z 5L/F

D;FGL CFHZLDF\ YFI K[P NLW"SF/ UEF"XIF\TZ XMYJF/F 5X]VMDF\ VF ZMU HMJF D/[ K[P UE"G]\ GFX

5FDJ]\ VG[ 5FSsZ;Lf SZTF\ HLJF6]VMYL R[5 ,FUJFYL VF ZMUDF\ 5lZ6D[ K[P VFJ ZMUL 5X] T5F;TF\

;FDFgI ;UEF"J:TF TZLS[ lGNFG YJFGL E}, YJF XSITF K[4 T[YL IMuI lGNFG T[DH ;FZJFZ VFJxIS

K[P

R[5HgI UEF"XIF\TZ sV[g0M D[8=F.8L;f VF V[S ;F{YL JW] 5|DF6DF\ HMJF D/TM UEF"XIGM ZMU K[P

H[DF\ UEF"XIGF V\ToVFJZ6M V;Z 5FD[ K[P VCL\ HLJF6]VM IMlGDFU" §FZF O[/JTL JBT[ T[DH 5|;JGF

;DI[ UEF"XIDF\ 5|J[X[ K[P ;FDFgITo HLJF6]VM SMZLGLA[S8[ZLID 5FIHLGL;4 :8=[%,8MSMSF.4

:8[OF.,MSMSF.4 .SM,F.4 ALP GLS|MOMZ;4 0L%,MSMSF.4 ;F<DFG[<,F4 :I]0MDMGF; .I]"HLGMhF JU[Z[ R[5

,UF0L XS[ K[P

UEF"XIGM XMY Sl9G 5|;J q VMZ G 50JFGF lS:;FVMDF\ JW] 5|DF6DF\ 5lZ6FD :J~5 YFI K[P

VF p5ZF\T VFJF lS:;FVMDF\ UEF"XIGF 5|tIFJT"G DF8[ JW] ;DI ,FU[ K[P H[ UEF"XIF\TZ XMYG[ pT[HG

VF5[ K[P 36F lS:;FVMDF\ VF XMY JW] ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL ZC[JFYL 5|HGG 1FDTF 38F0[ K[P

VFG]JF\lXS SFZ6M o 5X]GL H]NL H]NL HFT VG[ VM,FNDF\ 5|;]lT JBT[ HgDTF ArRFGL ;\bIF H]NL H]NL

CMI K[P VFYL O/§]5TFGM VFWFZ H[ T[ 5X]GL HFT q VM,FNGF VFG]\JF\lXS A\WFZ6 p5Z ZC[ K[P 5X]

;\JW"G VG[ 5X]5F,GGF SFI"DF\ 50[,F ,MSM GF VG]EJ K[ S[4 36FGL ALHL UFI VG[ T[GF J\XGL

JM0SLVMGL O/§]5TFDF\ TOFJT HMJF D/[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


28

S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5X]VMDF\ VUtITF4 OFINF VG[ DIF"NFVM

0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[PVFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F VG[ 0F[P HLPALP ;M,\SL

5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


EFZT TYF ;DU| lJ`JDF\ 5X]5F,G jIJ;FIG[ JW]DF\ JW] GOFSFZS AGFJJF DF8[ S'+LD ALHNFGYL

5X] ;\JW"G V[ 5X]5F,G 1F[+DF\ VlJEFHLT V\U AGL UI] K[P VFH[ ljF`JGF 5|UlTXL, N[XMDF\ (_ YL )_

8SF 5X] ;\J"WG S'l+DALHNFGYL YFI K[P YLHJ[, JLI"G[ S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ UE"5|tIFZM56GL 5wWlTVM

5X] ;\J"WG 1F[+[ GJL l1FlTHM ;Z SZL K[ TYF T[GF 5|X\;GLI 5lZ6FDM ,MSMV[ GHZ[ lGCF?IF K[P

S'l+dF ALHNFGGL VUtITF o

S'l+dF ALHNFGYL p¿D VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF\ ;F\-v5F0FGM ACM/M p5IMU SZL S]NZTL ;DFUDGL

;ZBFD6LV[ !Z5 YL !5_ U6L JW] ;\bIFDF\ DFNFVM O[/JL XSFI K[P

VMKF HFGJZ ZFBTF\ DwID S[ l;DF\T 5X]5F,SMG[ GA/F ;F\-v5F0FGF lGEFJGL S[ DM\3F ;F\-v5F0F

BZLNJFGL H~Z ZC[TL GYLP

VF 5wWlTDF\ 36L ;\bIFDF\ 5;\NUL 5FD[, ;FZF ;F\-v5F0FGM GFGL JI[ ACM/M p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM

CM. T[G]\ ;\TlT 5ZL1F6 B]A H ;Z/ VG[ h05YL SZL XSFI K[P

5|F6LGF D{Y]GHgI ;F\;lU"S S[ R[5L ZMUM H[JFS[4 R[5L UE"5FT sA|];[,M;L;f4 S[d5F.,MA[S8[ZLVM;L;4

8=F.SMDMGLVF;L; JU[Z[ 5Z V\S]X ,FJL XSFI K[P

VF 5wWlTDF\ GZ 5F;[YL D[/JJFG]\ OZHLIFT CMI4 C,SL SMl8G]\ JLI" VF5TF\ TYF GA/F SFD l,%;F S[

5|HGG T\+GL jIFl3VMYL 5L0FTF\ ;F\-v5F0FVMGL VM/B K86L S[ lGSF,s Cullingf G]\ SFD JW] ;Z/

AgI]\ K[P

ALHNFG DF8[ VFJ[, DFNF 5|F6LG[ D/FXI £FZF T5F;JFDF\ VFJTL CM. T[ ;UEF" K[ S[ BF,L4 J[TZ VFJ[

K[ S[ GCL JU[Z[ HF6L XSFI K[P TYF T[GF HGGF\UMGL S]ZRGF4 ZMUM4 jI\wItJ JU[Z[ AFATMG]\ IMuI lGNFG4

;FZJFZ VG[ DFU"NX"G D[/JL T[GL 5|HGG 1FDTF JWFZL XSFI K[P

VF 5wWlTDF\ J{7FlGS -A[ plRT ;DI VG[ :Y/ 5Z RSF;6L SZ[, JFI"YL ALHNFG SZJFD\ VFJT] CMI4

UE"WFZ6 NZ 36M JWFZ[ D/[ K[P

5X]5F,S[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, UFIvE[\;G[ GZGL p5,laWGF VEFJ[ VM,JF. HJF N[JL 50TL GYL TYF VF

5wWlTYL 5X]5F,SM 5MTFGF 5|F6LGL DFJHT SZJF T[DH VJ,MSGGL GM\W ZFBJF 5|[ZFI K[P

5;\NULGF p¿D ;F\-v5F0FGF YLHJ[, JLI"YL UFIvE[\;G[ 3[Z A[9F VMKF BR[" O[/JL4 N[X S[ N]lGIFGF

UD[ T[ B]6[ ;\SZ6GF OFINF D[/JL XSFI K[P


29

YLHJ[, JLI"G[ VG\TSF/ ;]WL T[H l:YlTDF ;\U|CL XSFT]\ CMJFYL l;wW ;F\-v5F0FGM D]<IJFG JLI"GM

DC¿D p5IMU Y. XS[ K[P HIFZ[ 5|JFCL JLI"G[ JW]DF\ JW] $ YL * lNJ;[ JF5ZL O[\SL N[J]\ 50[ K[P

JLI" A[gS sSemen Bankf BFT[YL YLHJ[, JLI"G[ H~Z D]HA NZ 5\NZ lNJ;[ S[ DlCG[ T[GF ALHNFG

S[g£M 5Z DMS,FJFDF\ VFJT]\ CMJFYL4 5|JFCL JLI"GL ;ZBFD6LV[ T[GL C[ZO[Z4 ;FWGM VG[ ;DIGM N]jI"I

TYF SIFZ[S JLI"GL ALGp5,laW H[JL D]xS[,LVM lGJFZL XSFI K[P

JLI" YLHJJFGL 5|lS|IFDF\ 5|lTH{lJSM pD[ZL4 T[G]\ SZ[, JLI" RMSS; 5|SFZGL S;M8LVMDF\ 5FZ pTIF" AFN

H ;\U|C SZFT]\ CMI4 T[GL H\T] D]STTF TYF U]6JTF JW] ;FZL H/JF. ZC[ K[P T[YL O,LGLSZ6GM NZ ;FZM

D/[ K[P

XFZLZLS .HF4 Vl:YEU S[ VgI SFZ6M;Z VXST AGL UI[, 5;\NULGF ;FZF l;wW ;F\-v5F0F S[ H[VM

S]NZTL ZLT[ S[ S]l+D IMGLDF\ JLI":+FJ VF5L XSTF GYL4 T[G]\ JLI" lJn]T V5;FZ6 VUZ D;FH

5lwWlTYL D[/JL ALHNFG DF8[ JF5ZL XSFI K[P V[ H ZLT[ ;FZF l;wW GZGF\ YLHJ[, JLI"YL T[GF\ D]tI]

AFN 56 JQFM" ;]WL ;\TlT 5F%T SZL XSFI K[P

XZLZGF Z\U4 SN VG[ JHGGL V;DFGTF TYF BM0BF\56JF/F ,\U0F HFGJZM DF8[ S]NZTL ;\U XSI

GYL4 T[DH 36L R\R/ TMOFGL DFNFVM J[TZDF\ CMJF KTF\ GZG[ ;DFUD SZJF N[TL GYL VG[ A[;L HFI K[

T[JF lS:;FDF\ VF 5wWlT VlT p5IMUL 5]ZJFZ Y. K[P

VF 5wWlTGL N[XLvlJN[XL UM{J\X JrR[ T[DH A[ T¡G H]NLvH]NL HFGJZM JrR[ ;\SZ6 SZL XSFI K[P H[D

S[ A|FCDLG VFB,M VG[ VD[lZSG UFIYL ;FgTF U8]"0L; UM{ HFT TYF 3M0F VG[ UW[0LYL BrRZ4 lHA|F

VG[ 3M0FYL lHA|M.0 5[NF SZL XSFI K[P

VFD S]l+D ALHNFGGF\ 36F ,FEM CMJF KTF\ T[GF lJSF; VG[ J5ZFXDF\ S[8,LS lGJFZL XSFI T[JL

DIF"NFVM ZC[,L K[P

S'l+D ALHNFGGF OFINFVM o

V[S H ;FZF B]\8 £FZF DM8F 5|DF6DF\ UFIMvE[\;MG[ O[/JL XSFI K[P

UFIMvE[\;MG[ HGG VJIJMGF\ ZMUMYL D]ST ZFBL XSFI K[P

UFIMvE[\;G[ H[ T[ :Y/[ 3Z[ A[9F\ O[/JL XSFI K[P

36B]\8 ZFBJFGL H~ZLIFT G ZC[TF\ 36B]\8GM 3F;RFZF BF6vNF6GM BR" lGJFZL XSFI K[P

BM0vBF\56JF/L UFI E[\; 56 O[/JL XSFI K[P

S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ J5ZFTM ;F\- ;FZF U]6JF/M4 R[5LZMUYL D]ST4 T\N]Z:T4 X]wW VM,FNGF U]6 WZFJTM

VG[ N]W pt5FNG JWFZL XS[ T[JM CMJFYL VM,FN ;]WFZL XSFI K[P

S'l+D ALHNFGYL ;\TlT 5ZL1F6 JW] RMS;F.YL Y. XS[ K[P

DFNF HFGJZGL 5|HGG 1FDTF ;]WFZL XSFI K[P

UE"WFZ6 ;O/TF ;FZL ZC[ K[P

;FZF ;F\-GF YLHJ[, JLI" £FZF T[GF\ D'tI] AFN ;\TlT ;]WFZF SZL XSFI K[P


30

VMKF ;DIDF\ JW] HFGJZM O[/JL XSFI K[P

;F\- S[ 9[SJF G N[ V[JL TMOFGL 5F0L S[ JM0SLVM DF8[ VF 5wWlT VFlXJF"N ~5 K[P

A[ T¡G H]NL H]NL HFTGF\ HFGJZM JrR[ ;\SZ6 SZL XSFI K[P H[D S[ 3M0FÚW[0L v BrRZ4 lhA|F´3M0M v

HLA|F.0P

S]NZTL ;DFUD £FZF DFNFG[ YTL .HFVM lGJFZL XSFI K[P

VF 5wWlT £FZF 5X]5F,SMDF\ T[DGF\ HFGJZMG[ DFJHT VG[ 5MQF6 5]~ 5F0JF DF8[GL HFU'TL S[/JL XSFI

K[P

S'l+D ALHNFGGL DIF"NFVMo

S]X/ VG[ TF,LD 5FD[, DF6;GL H~Z 50[ K[P VF DF6; ;DH]4 9Z[, VG[ ;CSFZGL EFJGFJF/M CMJM

HM.V[ TYF U|FDHGMDF\ S'l+D ALHNFG V\U[GL HFU'lT ,FJJF DF8[ 5|ItGXL, CMJM HM.V[P

J{7FlGS ;FWGM DF8[GM 5|FZ\lES BR" JW] VFJ[ K[P

VE6 VG[ JC[DL U|FDHGMDF\ SFI" 5wWlT D]xS[, CMI K[P

S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ NZ[S TASSFV[ S]X/TF ZFBJL HM.V[P

;F\- S[ 5F0M D{Y]GHgI ZMU H[JF S[ VgI HFTGF VJIJMGF\ ZMUYL 5L0FTM CMI TM ZMUG]\ 5|;Z6 h05L

VG[ VG[S U6] G]SXFG SZ[ K[P

VF 5wWlT DF8[ p5IMUDF\ ,[JF IMuI ;\TlT 5ZL1F6 YI[, pRF VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF ;F\-v5F0FGL

VKT K[P

VF 5wWlT AWL H HFTGF\ 5|F6LVMDF\ ;\5]6" p5IMUL S[ ;O/ 5]ZJFZ Y. GYLP ALHNFGGL ;O/TF

EFZTGL UFIMDF\ ;M{YL JW] K[P HIFZ[ E[\;MDF\ T[8,L GYLP TYF 3[8FvASZFDF\ 56 UE"WFZ6 NZ 36M H

GLRM ZC[ K[P

D\]UL UZDL S[ KFGL UZDLJF/L UFIvE[\;DF\ kT]SF/GF lRgCM VM/BJF D]xS[, K[ T[YL T[JF lS:;FDF\

S'l+D ALHNFGG[ ;FZL ;O/TF D/TL GYLP

YLHJJFGL 5|lS|IF NZdIFG Z5 YL 5_ 8SF X]S|F6]VM D'T YFI K[ VG[ J/L S[8,F\S prR VFG]J\XLS U]6

WZFJTF\ ;F\-v5F0FG]\ JLI" YLHJJF DF8[ VG]S]/ CMT] GYLP

YLHJ[, JLI" T[DF\ ;\U|C4 5ZLJCG VG[ C[ZO[Z NZdIFG v!)&;[P TF5DFG[ H/JF. ZC[ T[ H~ZL K[P VFD

G YFI TM 5]Z[5]ZM JLI"GM HyYM X]S|F6]VM DZL HJFYL lAGp5IMUL AGL XS[ K[P

VF AWL DIF"NFVM lGJFZJF DF8[ S'l+D ALHNFG 5wWlTGF\ 5|tI[S TASS[ 5]ZTL TS[NFZL ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ VG[ VF

5wWlT ;FY[ ;\S/FI[, NZ[S SFI"SZG[ 5]ZTL TF,LD VG[ lJQFIG]\ 7FG VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM S]l+D ALHNFG £FZF

;\J"WG C\D[XF OFINFSFZS GLJ0[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


31

S'l+D ALHNFG 5wWlT GM 5|FIMlUS VeIF;

0F[P V[;PV[;P5ZLB DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4 5X] pK[Z S[g£4


lJ7FG VFH[ S]NS[ VG[ E];S[ VFU/ JWL ZCI]\ K[P V,U V,U 1F[+[ V,U V,U J{7FlGS 5wWlTVM

VD,DF\ VFJL ZCL K[4 tIFZ[ 5X]5F,G 1F[+ 56 T[DF\YL AFSFT ZCI]\ GYLP 5X]WGGL h05L ;]WFZ6F DF8[

S'l+D ALHNFG 5wWlT V[S p¿D VG[ ;Z/ p5FI AGL ZCL K[P VF56F S'lQF5|WFG N[XDF\ 5X]WG VG[ T[GL

5[NFXMG]\ DCtJ VGMB]\ K[P VF56F N[XDF\ N[XL UFIM TYF 3[8F\GL G:,MDF\ 5ZN[XL G:,MGL ;ZBFD6LV[

5|HMt5FNG TYF N]W VG[ pG pt5FNG1FDTF 36F\ VMKF K[P VFYL4 CF,DF\ prR VFG]J\lXS U]6M WZFJTF\ N[XL

VG[ 5ZN[XL VM,FNGF cc ;\TlT 5lZl1FT l;wWcc (Progeny tested Proven) ;F\- v 5F0F TYF 3[8F\GF JLI"

wJFZF S'l+D ALHNFG SZL X]wW T[DH ;\SZ ;\JW"G wJFZF 5X] VM,FNM ;]WFZJFGF\ 5|ItGM Y. ZCIF\ K[P VF

DF8[ S'l+D ALHNFG 5wWlT BF; SZLG[ DM8F 5X]VMDF\ B]A H VFJSFI" VG[ p5IMUL 5]ZJFZ Y. K[P

S'l+D ALHNFG V[8,[ J{7FGLS 5wWTLYL ;FZL VM,FNGF GZ HFGJZGF JLI"G]\ V[S+LSZ64 5lZ1F64

D]<IFSG4 TG]SZ6 SZL H~ZL TF5DFG[sv!)&_ ;[Pf 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGDF\ ;\U|C SZL T[G[ J[TZ VYJF UZDLDF\

VFJ[, 5|HGG IMuI DFNF HFGJZGF SD/GF DwI EFUDF\ IMuI ;DI[ ALHNFG SZJFGL ZLTP

S'l+D ALHNFG SZJF DF8[GL D]bI A[ ZLTM K[P

!f IMGLv RL5LIFGL ZLT s JHFIG, :5[SI],D D[Y0f

Zf U]NFDF\ CFY GF\BLG[ ALHNFG SZJFGL ZLT sZ[S8M JHFIG, 8[SGLSf

s!f IMGL v RL5LIFGL ZLT s JHFIG, :5[SI],D D[Y0fo

ALHNFG SZJFGL VF ZLTDF\ IMGL RL5LIFGL DNNYL IMGLDFU" BM,LG[ T[DF\ A[8ZLGM 5|SFX 5F0LG[

ALHNFGGL G/L V[8,[S[ 5L5[8 VG[ ;LZL\H VYJF V[PVF.PUGGL DNNYL IMGLGF VU|EFU[ S[ UEF"XI D]BDF\

ALHNFG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF ZLT GFGF 5X] H[JF S[4 3[8F\4 ASZF\4 S}TZF\ VG[ 0]SSZ JU[Z[DF\ J5ZFI K[P

sZf U]NFDF\ CFY GF\BLG[ ALHNFG SZJFGL ZLT sZ[S8M JHFIG, D[Y0f o

D/FXI wJFZF UEF"XI U|LJF 5S0L ALHNFG SZJFGL VF 5wWlT ;F{YL JW] J{7FlGS4 ;FNLv;Z/4

;:TL VG[ ;RM8 CMJFYL lJ`JGF AWF N[XMV[ VF 5wWlTG[ UFI v E[\;MDF\ S'l|+D ALHNFG DF8[ V5GFJL K[P

VF 5wWlTDF\ D/FXI wJFZF DFNFGF\ HGGF\UM T5F;JFDF\ VFJTF\ CMJFYL J[TZGL X~VFT4 IMuI

J[TZSF/4 VM,JF. UI[, J[TZ4 ;UEF" J[TZ4 HGGF\UMGF ZMUM TYF S]ZRGFVM S[ VgI BFDLVM T[DH

UEF"J:YF JU[Z[ RMS;F.YL 5FZBL XSFI K[ VG[ IMuI lG6"I TYF ;FZJFZ VF5L XSFI K[P J/L4 ALHNFG

56 UEF"XI U|LJFGF DwIEFU[ YT]\ CM. O,LGLSZ6 NZ VgI 5wWlTGL ;ZBFD6LV[ 36M JWFZ[ D/[ K[P


32

S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ J5ZFTF ;FWGM o

V[PVF.PUG4

V[PVF.PXLY sUG 5Z R-FJJFGL %,F:8LSGL XLYf4

GF>8=MHG Sg8[>GZ4

;LD[G :8=M4 :8=M SF-JFGL lR5LIM4

YM.\U AFY q 8A4

YDM"DL8Z4 SFTZ4

.g:8=]D[G :8[ZL,F.hZ4

UDA]84 V[5|MG4 ;FA]4 8L:I] 5[5Z S[ ~4

5M,LYLGGF\ AG[,F 0L:5MhA, CFY DMHF\4

V[5|MG4 DF:S4 RxDF\ JU[Z[[PP

JLI"G]\ YM.\U (Thawing) VG[ ALHNFG o

YLHJ[, JLI"G[ ALHNFG DF8[ p5IMUDF\ ,[TF 5C[,F\ 3GDF\YL 5|JFCL :J~5DF\ ,FJJ]\ H~ZL K[P VF

DF8[ YLHJ[, JLI"GL :8=MG[ #*_ ;[P TF5DFGJF/F 5F6LDF\ !5 YL Z_ ;[Sg0 ;]WL 5LUF/JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[G[

ccYM\.Ucc SC[ K[P

YLHJ[, JLI"G]\ YM.\U SZTF\ 5C[,F ALHNFG DF8[ VFJ[, DFNF 5|F6L J[TZDF\ K[ S[ S[Dm T[GL BFTZL SZL

,[JL4 SFZ6S[ V[S JBT 5LUF/[, JLI"GL :8=MG[ OZL YLHJL J5ZFXDF\ ,[JL XSI GYLP

ALHNFG UG T{IFZ SZTF\ 5C[,F YLHJ[, JLI" S[ H[ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGDF\ v!)&_ ;[P TF5DFG[ CMI K[

T[G[ 5|F6L XZLZGF\ TF5DFG[ #*_ ;[P ,FJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P YM.\U SZ[, :8=MG[ ;]SF DBD,GF ~DF,YL VYJF

8L:I] 5[5Z S[ ~ YL SMZL SZL 5KL H S'l+D ALHNFG UGDF\ D]SJLP

;LD[G :8=MGL A[[ AFH]VM s,[AMZ[8ZL %,U TYF O[S8ZL %,Uf 5{SLGF ,[AMZ[8ZL %,UGM EFU p5ZGL

AFH]V[[ ZC[ T[D V[P VF.P UGDF\ UM9JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;LD[G :8=MGF VF %,UG[ UGGF K[0FYL ! ;[PDLP N]ZYL

T[GL ,\AF.GF SF8B}6[ TL16 SFTZYL SF5L T[GF p5Z %,F:8LSGL H\T]ZCLT XLY A[;F0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

VF ZLT[ T{IFZ SZ[, ALHNFG UGYL 3M0LDF\ ZFB[, J[TZ[ VFJ[, DFNF 5|F6LG]\ XF\lT5}J"S RMS;F.YL

D/FXI wJFZF CFY D]SL Z[S8M JHFIG, 5wWlTYL J{7FlGS -A[ 5 YL !_ lDlG8DF\ H UEF"XI U|LJFGF

DwIEFU[ ALHNFG SZJ]\P

ALHNFG AFN :8=M p5Z KF5[, DFlCTL H[ v T[ O[/J[, 5|F6LGL lJUT ;FD[ ALHNFG ZHL:8ZDF\ GM\W

,[JLP

SF/HL o

s!f JLI"G]\ YM.\U SZTF\ 5C[,F\ sV[PVF.PUG T{IFZ SZTF\ 5C[,F\f 5|F6L UZDLDF\ K[ S[ GCL T[GL BF; T5F;

SZL ,[JL HM.V[P


33

sZf VF SFI" SZTL JBT[ 5M,LYLGGF\ AG[,F\ l0:5Mh[A, CFY DMHFGM p5IMU SZJMP S'l+D ALHNFG SZTF\

5C[,F\ 5X]GL U]NFDF\ ;FA]JF/M CFY D]SLG[ ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST KF6 N]Z SZ[ K[P

s#f ALHNFG SZTF\ 5C[,F\ 5X]GL U]NF VG[ IMGLGM AFCI EFU ;FZL ZLT[ ;FO SZJF HM.V[P

s$f ALHNFGGF\ SFDDF\ J5ZFTF\ AWF H ;FWGM lGHL"JLSZ6 SZ[,F CMJF HM.V[P

s5f VF SFI" B]A H RLJ8YL SZJ]\ HM.V[ GCL TM DFNF 5X]GF 5|HGG VJIJMG[ G]S;FG YJF ;\EJ K[P

s&f H[ ;F\-G]\ ALH JF5ZJ]\ CMI4 T[GL RMS;F. SZL ,[JL HM.V[P

s*f UEF"XIG]\ D]B A\W CMI TM A/HAZLYL T[G[ BM,J]\ GCL T[J]\ SZJFDF\ SD/G[ .HF YFI K[ VG[ 5X]

UFE6 CMI TM TZJF. HJFGL 5]ZL ;\EFJGF ZC[ K[P

s(f NZ[S DFNF HFGJZ DF8[ GJL H H\T]ZlCT XLYGM p5IMU SZJMP H[YL ;\S|FDS S[ R[5L ZMUMGM O[,FJM

V8SFJL XSFIP

S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ ;DIUF/FG]\ DCtJo

DFNF 5X] UZDLqJ[TZDF\ CMI tIFZ[ H S]l+D ALHNFG SZJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] UZDLSF/ NZdIFGGF[ AWM H

;DI S]l+D ALHNFG DF8[ V;ZSFZS CMTM GYLP T[YL IMuI ;DI[ ALHNFG SZJF DF8[ GLR[ D]HAGL TS[NFZL

ZFBJL HM.V[P

JLI" dFFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ 5_ S,FS ;]WL 5|HGG1FD ZCL XS[ K[P 5Z\T] Z5 S,FS AFN T[GL 5|HGG 1FDTF

n8TL HFI K[P T[YL JLI" Z5 S,FS 5C[,F DFNF 5|HGG V\UDF\ CMJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] O,LGLSZ6 5C[,F JLI"G[

VD]S 5|SFZGF H~ZL O[ZOFZ DF8[ DFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ & S,FS DF8[ ZC[J] VFJxIS K[P T[YL DFNF 5|HGG

V\UMDF\ JLI"GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF &vZ5 S,FS JrR[ CMI K[P

V\05L\0DF\YL V\0 K]8] 50IF AFN Z_ S,FS 5|HGG1FD ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] V\0GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF !_ S,FS

SZTF VMKF ;DIUF/FDF\ CMI K[P

UFIM tFYF E[\;MDF\ V\0qALH UZDLSF/GF V\T AFNGF VFXZ[ !_ S,FS 5KL K]8] 50[ K[P TYF

UFIMvE[\;MDF\ UZDLDF\ VYJF J[TZDF\ ZC[JFGM ;DI VFXZ[ !Z YL Z$ S,FS CMI K[P

T[YL 36F AWF X\;MWG 5ZYL TFZjI] K[ S[ UFIM TYF E[;MDF\ UZDLSF/GF pTZTF EFUDF\ V[8,[S[ HFGJZ

;F\H[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;JFZ[ ALHNFG VG[ ;JFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;F\H[ ALHNFG SZJFYL

UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL XSITFVM ;F{YL JWFZ[ ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] VD]S HFGJZM ;Z[ZFX SZTF JW] ;DI UZDLDF\

ZC[TM ALHF lNJ;[ 56 ALHNFG SZJ] lCTFJC K[P

S'l+D ALHNFG SZJFG] :YFGo

ALHNFG SZJF DF8[GF :YFG DF8[ 36F X\;MWGM YIF 5Z\T] NZ[S :YFGGF ,FEF ,FE HMTF SD/GF

DwIEFUDF\ ALHNFG SZJFG]\ 5|R,LT K[ SFZ6 S[ VF 5wWlTYL UEF"XIGF V\To:TZG[ .HF YJFGM S[ E|]6 GFX

YJFGL XSITF ZC[TL GYLP VFD TM V\0GF O,LGLSZ6 DF8[ V[S X]S|F6] H~ZL CMI K[ 5Z\T] VF V[S X]S|F6] T[

V\0GL lNJF, tFM0LG[ T[DF\ NFB, YJF DF8[ ALHF V;\bI X]S|F6]VMGL DNNGL H~Z K[P VFYL ALHNFG DF8[

VMKF DF\ VMKF !_ YL !5 lDl,IG HLJ\T X]S|F6]GL H~Z ZC[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


34

0[ZL OFD" 5Z H{lJS ;]Z1FFG]\ DCtJ

0F[P V[;PV[;P5ZLB DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4 5X] pK[Z S[g£4


0[ZL OFD"GL H{lJS ;]Z1FFDF\ OFD"GF SFDNFZMGM OF/M B]A H VUtIGM K[P OFD"GF 5X]VMG[ T\N]Z:T VG[ ZMU

D]ST ZFBJFGF T[DGF 5|IF;MG[ H OFD"GL H{lJS ;]Z1FF TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 0[ZL OFD"GF 5X]VMDF\ ZMUGM

5|J[X VG[ T[GM O[,FJM V8SFJJM V[ H H{lJS ;]Z1FFP H{lJS ;]Z1FF 5X]VMGF DFl,S TYF 5X]VM ;FY[

;\S/FI[,F ,MSM AG[G[ ,FU] 50[ K[P H{lJS ;]Z1FF ,MSMG[ 56 Z1F6 VF5[ K[P S[D S[ 5X]VMGF S[8,FS ZMUM

H]GM8LS K[ V[8,[ S[ DF6;GL V\NZ 56 Y. XS[ K[P

0[ZL OFD"DF\ H{lJS ;]Z1FFGF\ D]/E]T 5FIF GLR[ D]HA K[P

s!f 5X]VMDF\ R[5L ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJJMP

sZf 5X]VMG[ :J:yI ZFBLG[ 5|F6L S<IF6 ;]WFZM SZJMP

s#f 5X]VMDF\ O[,FTF R[5L ZMUGF X~VFTGF TASSFG[ VM/BJMP

s$f BMZFSGF 5]ZJ9FG]\ Z1F6 SZJ]\P

;FDFgI ZLT[ ZMUGM O[,FJM A[ 5|SFZ[ YFI K[P

s!f 5|tI1F ZLT[ s V[S 5X]DF\YL ALHF 5X]DF\ YTM ZMUGM O[,FJM f VYJF4

sZf 5ZM1F ZLT[ ZMUGM O[,FJM H[D S[ A]84 ;LZL\H4 ;MI4 8=[S8Z JU[Z[ N=FZFP

H{lJS ;\Z1F6GF D]N'FVMov

s!f RMbBF.o

DF8L sW}/f4 5X]VMDF\YL GLS/TF AUF0q 5|JFCL4 ,F/ VG[ KF6 VF AWL H J:T]VM ZMUHgI

HLJF6]YL EZ5]Z CMI K[ H[ 5KL S50F4 ;FWGM VG[ JFCG £FZF ZMU O[,FJ[ K[P

5X]VMGL ;FZ;\EF/ ,[TF 5C[,F VG[ 5KL ;FA]YL CFY WMJF V[ H{lJS ;\Z1F6GM 5C[,M VG[ ;Z/

p5FI K[P

5X]VM DF8[ J5ZFTF ;FWGMGL ;OF. V[ 56 B]A H H~ZL K[P ZMULQ8 5X]VMDF\ J5ZFI[, ;FWGM

VgI :J:Y HFGJZMDF\ JF5ZJF HM.V[ GlCP HM VFJF ;FWGM J5ZFI[, CMI TM T[G[ IMuI ZLT[

H\T]GFXS NJFVMYL ;FO SZJFP

5X]VMG[ ,. HJF DF8[ J5ZFTF JFCGMG[ 56 H\T]D]ST NJFVMYL ;FO SZJF HM.V[P

5F6L DF8[ J5ZFTF CJ[/FG[ IMuI ZLT[ VG[ lGIlDT ;FOv;OF. SZJF VG[ T[ hF0YL N]Z ZFBJF H[YL

SZLG[ RFDFRL0LIF VG[ ALHF 51FLVMG[ VUFZ 5F6LDF\ G 50[P


35

BF6vNF6 VG[ 3F;RFZFGF E\0FZGL VFH] AFH] VG[ V\NZGL AFH] RMbBF. ZFBJL VG[ T[GF NZJFHF

jIJl:YT A\W Y. XS[ T[JF CMJF HM.V[P H[YL SZLG[ T[DF\ 51FLVM4 p\NZ0FVM VG[ VgI 5ZM5HLJM

5|J[XL XS[ GlCP

5X]VMGL VFH] AFH] 5F6LYL EZ[,F BF0F BFAMRLIF 5]ZL N[JFP

sZf D],FSFTLVM ov

5|JF;LVMGF VFJGvHFJG 5Z N[BZ[B ZFBJL V[ 56 ZMUGF O[,FJFG[ V8SFJJF DF8[ B]A H

DCtJG]\ K[P

D],FSFTLVM VFJ[, CMI V[DG[ 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6YL N]Z ZFBJF HM.V[P

HM D],FSFTLVM TDFZF OFD" 5Z 5|J[XTF 5C[,F SM. 5|F6LGF ;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, CMI VG[ T[JL jIlST

5F;[YL SFD ,[TF 5C[,F T[DGF CFYG[ ;FO SZJF4 H[ BF; SZLG[ 5X]lRlSt;S VG[ 5X]WG lGlZ1FS

DF8[ B]AH H~ZL K[4 TYF RMS;F. 5}J"S T[VMV[ ;FO S50F VG[ A]8 5C[Z[,F CMJF HM.V[P

s#f GJF 5|F6LVMG]\ JUL"SZ6ov s Quarantine f

GJF 5X]VMG[ OFD" 5Z ,FJTF 5C[,F #_ lNJ; DF8[ V,U N[BZ[B C[9/ ZFBJF HM.V[P

ZMULQ8 HFGJZYL T[DH ZMUU|:T HuIFYL T\N]Z:T HFGJZG[ V,U ,. HJF HM.V[4 H[YL ZMUGF

H\T]VM ZMULQ8 5X]DF\YL T\N]Z:T 5X]DF\ VFJTF\ V8SFJL XSFIP

GJF 5X]VMGF BMZFS 5F6LGL jIJ:YF 56 V,U CMJL HM.V[P

GJF 5X]VMG[ OFD"DF\ 5|J[X SZFJTF 5C[,F T[DG[ NJFI]ST 5F6L sO]8AFYf DF\YL 5;FZ SZJF HM.V[P

GJF 5X]VMG[ W6DF\ 5|J[XTF 5C[,F R[5L ZMUMGL Z;L VF5JL H~ZL K[P

s$f Z;LSZ6 sVaccinationfov

Z;LSZ6 R[5L ZMUMG[ V8SFJJFDF\ VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P

R[5L ZMUM H[JF S[4 BZJF DMJF;F4 U/;]\-M4 UF\9LIM TFJ4 1FI4 R[5L UE"5FT4 SF/LIF TFJG]\ ;DIF\TZ[

Z;LSZ6 SZJ]\ B]AH H~ZL K[P H[YL ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJL XSFI K[P

Z;L VF5TF 5C[,F T[GL pt5FNS T[DH GFX TFZLB HMJL H~ZL K[ T[DH 5X]G[ S. ZLT[ VF5J]\ s:GFI]

q RFD0LGL GLR[f T[ 56 VUtIG]\ K[P

s5f DFlCTL ZFBJL (Record)ov

NFB, YTF\ VG[ ACFZ HTF\ 5|F6LVMGL lJ:T'T HF6SFZL ZFBJL4 H[JL S[ 5|F6L SIFZ[ VG[ SIF\YL

VFJ[, K[4 TYF :Y/F\TZGL TFZLB VG[ SM. VM/B q lRgCGL GM\W ,[JLP VF AWL DFlCTL ZMURF/F

lGI\+6 DF8[ H~ZL K[P


36

OFD" 5Z SFD SZTF\ NZ[S jIlSTGL VFJFvHFJFGM ;DI VG[ T[GL lJ:T'T HF6SFZL TYF OMG G\P GL

DFlCTL ZFBJLP

s&f 5F,T] VG[ H\U,L 5|F6LVMDF\ TOFJTov

5F,T] VG[ H\U,L 5|F6LVM H[JFS[ S]TZF4 AL,F0F4 lXIF/ JU[Z[ 5X]VMG[ G]SXFGSTF" K[ VG[ ZMUGF

O[,FJF DF8[ 56 HJFANFZ K[ T[DGM OFD"DF\ 5|J[X V8SFJJM B]A H H~ZL K[P

5F,T] 51FLVMG[ H\U,L 51FLVM ;FY[ ZFBJF HM.V[ GlCP

NF6 VG[ 5F6L H\U,L 51FLVMG[ VFSQF[" GlC V[D ZFBJF HM.V[P

s*f ZMUGL HF6 SZJL ov

HM 5X]VM S[ 51FLDF\ ZMUGF lRgCM H[JF S[4 BMZFS G BFJM4 GFSDF\YL 5|JFCL lGS/J]\ 4 VF\BM ,F, YJL4

N}W pt5FNG 38J]\4 JFnM/JFG]\ A\W SZJ]\ 4 pE] G YJ]\4 DM-FDF\YL ,F/ 50JL4 ,\U0FJJ]\ JU[Z[PPHMJF

D/[ TM TFtSF,LS WMZ6[ 5X] lRlSt;SG[ HF6 SZJLP

s(f BL~ sColostrumf ov

;FDFgI ZLT[ ArRFGF\ HgD 5KL V0WF S,FSDF\ BL~ 5LJ0FJJFGM VFU|C ZFBJM HM.V[P

T[ ArRFGL ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlSTDF\ JWFZM SZ[ K[P

T[DF\ ZC[,F 5MQFSTtJM XZLZGF\ J'lwW VG[ lJSF; DF8[ B]A H p5IMUL K[P

J/L T[ V[S Z[RS 5NFY" TZLS[ 56 SFD SZ[ K[P H[ 5[8 ;FO SZJFDF\ B]A H p5IMUL GLJ0[ K[P

GM\W ov 0[ZL OFD" 5Z VSF/[ D'tI] 5FD[,F NZ[S HFGJZG]\ 5X] lRlSt;S N=FZF 5M:8DM8"D SZFJJ]\ B]A H H~ZL

K[P H[G[ H{lJS ;]Z1FFG]\ 5|YD 5UlYI\] DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


37

5X]VMDF\ JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZJFGL ALDFZL VG[ T[G]\ lGZFSZ6

0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ



5X]5F,SM wJFZF SZFTL OZLIFNMDF\ D]bItJ[ T[VMGF HFGJZMG[ ;DI;Z O[/JJF KTF\ JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\

5FKF OZ[ K[ VYJF TM pY,F DFZ[ K[ T[ K[P VFGF SFZ6[ 5|F6L lJIF6 5C[,F sJFKZ0Lv5F0Lf S[ lJIF6 AFN

sUFIvE[\;f AC] H DM0L UFE6 YFI K[P VG[ 5|YD lJIF6GL p\DZ S[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/M JWTM HFI K[P

VF ;DIUF/M JWTF 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S ZLT[ DM8]\ G]S;FG J[9J]\ 50[ K[P

DFNF HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ T[GF V\0FXIDF\ V\0 5]bT YFI K[P VG[ VF V\- T{IFZ YFI tIFZ[

V\0FXIDF\ V\0F6]\GL VF;5F; H[ 5|FJCL CMI T[DFGF .:8=MHGG[ SFZ6[ DFNFDF\ J[TZGF lRCGM HMJF D/[ K[P

GZ ;FY[ ;DFUDGF SZ6[ GZDF\YL DFNFGL IMlGDF\ SD/ 5F;[ VYJF S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5wWlTDF\ ALHNFG

G/L wJFZF JLI" SD/DF\ D]SJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF JLI"DF\YL X]S|F6] Ol,GLSZ6GL HuIF ;]WL sV\0FJFlCGLDF\f

UEF"XIDF\YL C,GR,G SZTF q TZTF 5CM\RL HFI K[ VG[ V\0G[ Ol,T SZJF DF8[GL XlST D[/J[ K[P DFNFDF\

J[TZGM ;DIUF/M 5}ZM YIF AFN V\0FXIDF\YL V\0 K]8] 50[ K[ VG[ T[ V\0JFlCGLDF\ VFJ[ K[ HIF\ X]S|F6]YL T[G]\

Ol,GLSZ6 YFI K[P

pY,F DFZJFGF SZ6Mov

!P 5|HGG T\+GF VJIJMGL HgDHFT BFDLVM

ZP V\04 X]S|F6] S[ E|'6DF\ HGLGMGL BFDL VYJF JIMJ'lwWP

#P R[5 VYJF 5|HGGT\+GF VJIJMGM ;MHM

$P V\To:+FIMG 5[NF SZTL U|\lYVMGF SFI"DF\ BFDL

5P 5X]VMGL ;FZv;\EF/ VG[ 5MQF6GL BFDLP

p5ZMST SFZ6MG[ ,LW[ D]bItJ[ V\0GF Ol,GLSZ6DF\ VF0 pEL YFI K[ VYJF TM E'|6GM GFX YFI K[P

V\04X]S|F6] S[ E'|6GL HGLGGL4 HgDHFT S[ 5FK/YL pEL YI[,4 BFDLVMG[ SFZ6[ E'6GM lJSF; YTM GYL VG[

E'6 X~VFTGF TASSFDF\H D'tI] 5FD[ K[ VG[ HFGJZ OZL J[TZDF\ HMJF D/[ K[P VF DF8[ GZ 5|F6LVMGF

X]S|F6]DF\ HgDHFT HGLGGL BFDLVM TYF Z\U;}+GL BFDLVM D]bItJ[ CMI K[P

5|HGG VJIJMDF\ R[5GF SFZ6[ TYF ;MHM VFJJFG[ SFZ6[ S]NZTL ;DFUD wJFZF 5|JX[, VYJF

S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF D]S[, X]S|F6] GFX 5FD[ K[ VG[ V\0G]\ Ol,GLSZ6 SZL XSTF GYLP T[D KTF\ HM X]S|F6]

wJFZF V\0G]\ Ol,GLSZ6 YFI TM Ol,T V\0 +6vRFZ lNJ; AFN V\0JFlCGLDF\YL UEF"XIDF\ VFJ[ K[P HIF\

V\0G]\ SMQFlJEFHGYL E'6DF\ ~5F\TZ YFI K[P 5Z\T] VF DF8[ H~ZL 5MQF6 UEF"XIDF\ R[5q ;MHFG[ SFZ6[ D/L


38

ZC[T]\ GYLP R[5 ,FUJGF D]bI SFZ6MDF\ ;DFUDqALHNFG wJFZF O[,FTF HLJF6]VM4 lJQFF6]VM TYF

5ZM5HLJLVM CMI K[P VF HLJF6]VM S[ lJQFF6]VMG[ SFZ6[ IMlG4 SD/4 UEF"XI VG[ V\0JFlCGLDF\ ;MHM VFJ[

K[P

5|HGGT\+GF SFI" DF8[ DUHDF\YL pt5gG YTF :+FJMGF SFZ6[ l5rI]8ZL U\|LyDF\YL V\To:+FJM 5[NF

YFI K[P H[ V\0FXIqJ'QF6 p5Z V;Z SZ[ K[P V\0FXIDF\ V\0 pt5gG YFI K[ TIFZ[ DFNF J[TZGF lRCGM ATFJ[

K[P tIFZ AFN V\0lJDMRG YFI K[ VG[ 5]bT V\0 V\0FXIDF\YL K]8]\ 50L V\0JFlCGLDF\ VFJ[ K[4 HIF\ T[G]\

Ol,GLSZ6 YFI K[P VF Ol,T V\0DF\YL SMQFlJEFHG wJFZF E'6 AG[ K[P E'6GF lJSF; ;]WLGF VF TASSFVM

NZdIFG V\To:+FJMG]\ IMUI 5|DF6 H/JF. ZC[J]\ H~ZL K[P HM V\To:+FJM IMuI 5|DF6DF\ G CMI TM J[TZGF

lRCGM :5Q8 HMJF G D/[4 V\0 T[GL 5]bTTF ;]WL G 5CM\R[4 V\0lJDMRG ;DI;Z G YFI VYJF TM ;N\TZ G

YFI4 V\0lJDMRG AFN V\0FXI 5Z AGTM 5L/M D;M H[ 5|MH[:8LZMG V\To:+FJ 5[NF SZ[ K[ T[ 5}ZTF 5|DF6DF\

CMTM GYL VG[ T[YL E'6G[ 5]ZT]\ 5MQF6 D/T]GYL VG[ E'6 GFX 5FD[ K[P VFG[ SF6[ DFNF OZL J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[4

H[G[ VF56[ pY,F DFIM" T[D SCLV[ KLV[P

HFGJZMGL ;FZv;\EF/ VG[ T[VMGF 5MQF6 BFDLVM JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\ 5FKF OZJF DF8[GF ;FDFgI

SFZ6M K[P HIFZ[ VF56L 5F;[ JWFZ[ HFGJZM CMI VG[ T[DF\ S'l+D ALHNFG SZFJTF\ CM.V[ tIFZ[ HFGJZMGL

N[BEF/DF\ lGQSF/HLGF SFZ6M;Z J[TZDF\ VFJTF\ 5Z\T] GCL\ VM/BL XSFTF HFGJZMGL ;\bIF JWTL HFI K[P

H[D HFGJZMGL ;\bIF JW]4 T[D T[VMG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIF K[ S[ GCL T[ HMJF T[DH ;\EF/ DF8[ D/TM ;DI VMKM

D/[P VFD HFGJZGM J[TZDF\ VFjIFGM RMSS; ;DIGM bIF, G ZC[ VG[ ;FY[ O[/JJF DF8[GF ;DIDF\ 56

VRMSS;TF YFI VG[ VFD Ol,GLSZ6q UEF"WFGGL XSITFVM VMKL YTL HFI K[P

HFGJZ HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[G[ 5]ZT]\ 5MQF6 VG[ XlST D/TL CMJL HM.V[ VG[ T[ pt;FCDF\

CMJ]\ HM.V[P DM8FEFU[ lJIF6AFN HFGJZG]\ JHG VMK]\ YT] HFI4 N}W pt5FNG JWT]\ HFI T[ ;DI[ 5}ZT]\

5MQF6 D/J]\ HM.V[P JW] N}W pt5FNG VF5TF\ HFGJZMDF\ 5MQF6GM bIF, ZFBJM BF; H~ZL K[PVF p5ZF\T

JFTFJZ6DF\ UZDL JWFZ[ 50JFYL HFGJZ 5Z VJ/L V;Z 50[ K[P kT]RS| NZdIFG kT]SF/GM ;DI VMKM

Y. HFI K[[ VG[ HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ VM/BJF TYF O[/JJFGF ;DIDF\ O[ZOFZ Y. HFI K[P HFGJZMG[ ;DI;Z

G O[/JL XSFTF\ T[VM J[TZDF\ 5FKF OZ[ K[q pY,F DFZ[ K[P

S]NZTL ;DFUD wJFZF O[/JFTF HFGJZMDF\ DFNF HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ CMI tIFZ[ GZ ;FY[ S]NZTL ;DFUD

XSI AGTM CMI K[ VG[ IMuI ;DI[4 IMuI HuIFV[ IMlGDF\ GZ wJFZF JLI" :Bl,T SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[[P VF DF8[

GZ T[GF X]S|F6] wJFZF DFNFGF V\0G[ Ol,T SZJFGL XlST WZFJTM CMJM H~ZL K[P N}W pt5FNG JWFZJFGF C[T]YL

GZGF AN,[ JW] V[S DFNF HFGJZ ZFBL N}W pt5FNG JWFZL XSFI TYF GZGF ;\TlT 5lZ1F6 AFN T[GF JLI"YL

S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF ;FZL VM,FN D[/JL XSFI T[ DF8[ S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5wWlT p5IMUDF\ VFJL K[P 5Z\T]

S'l=+D ALHNFGGL VF 5wWlTDF\ HM JLI"G]\ IMUI 5lZ1F64 TG}SZ64 HTG4 lYHFJJFGL 5|lS|IF T[DH S'l=+D

ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST wJFZF HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ K[ S[ GCL\ T[ VM/BJFGL XlST 4 HFGJZ UFE6 GYL T[

VM/BJFGL XlST4 JLI"G[ IMuI HuIFV[ SD/DF\ ALHNFG SZJFGL VFJ0T lJU[Z[ G CMI TM 56 HFGJZ

JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZ[ K[P


39

lGJFZ6GF p5FIMov

HFGGJZMDF\ pY,F DFZJFGF SFZ6MG[ ;DHLV[ VG[ T[G]\ IMuI lGNFG VG[ ;FZJFZ SZFJLV[ TM pY,F

DFZJFGF SFZ6MG]\ lGJFZ6 Y. XS[P VF DF8[

!P 5X]5F,S[ 5MTFGF HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIFGL VM/B S[/JJL B}A H H~ZL K[4 T[ DF8[ HFGJZ

HIFZ[ ,F/L SZ[4 VFZ0[qAZF0[4 JFZ\JFZ 5[XFA SZ[4 ALHF HFGJZM p5Z 9[S[ JU[Z[ lRCGM ATFJ[ tIFZ[

IMuI ;DI[ O[/jIFq ALHNFG SZJF ,. HJ]\P

ZP HFGJZG[ S'l+D ALHNFG DF8[ ,. H.V[ tIFZ[ S'l+D ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST IMuI lX1F6 VG[

VG]EJ WZFJTM CMJM HM.V[P

#P 5]bT p\DZ[ 5CM\RTF VG[ lJIF6 AFN J[TZDF\ VFJJFGF ;DI NZdIFG HFGJZMDF\ 5}ZTL DFJHT

VG[ 5MQF6 B}A H H~ZL K[P HFGJZG[ 5}ZTM 5MQF61FD VFCFZ GCL D/TM CMI TM T[GF UFE6

YJFGL XSITFVM VMKL YTL HFI K[ VG[ HFGJZ JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZ[ K[P

$P HIFZ[ lYHFJ[, S[ 5|JFCL JLI"YL S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF HFGJZG[ O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMI tIFZ[ JLI"G]\

5ZL1F64 TG]SZ64 HTG4 lYHJJFGL 5|lS|IF4 lYHJ[, JLI"G[ OZL 5|JFCL :J~5DF\ ,FJJFGL 5|lS|IF

JU[Z[ NZdIFG 5}ZTL SF/HL ,[JFJL HM.V[P

5P OFD"DF\ qTA[,FDF\ VF56FYL XSI CMI T[8,F H HFGJZM ZFBJF HM.V[P JW] HFGJZM ZFBJFYL

T[VMG[ BMZFS4 5F6L4 TYF VgI DFJHT VG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIF K[ S[ GCL\ T[ HF6JF DF8[ 5}ZTM ;DI

VF5L XSFTM GYLP VG[ HFGJZMGM J[TZDF\ VFjIFGM IMuI ;DI S/L XSTM GYLP VFD YJFYL

ALHNFGGM IMuI ;DI H/JFTMGYL VG[ HFGJZG[ O[/JJF KTF\ JFZ\JZ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[P VG DF8[

VF6L 5F;[GL XSI ;UJ0MGM 5}Z[5}ZM lJRFZ SZLG[ T[8,FH HFGJZM VF56[ ZFBJF HM.V[P

&P pGF/FDF\ JW] UZDL CMI tIFZ[ HFGJZMG[ 9\0SDF\ AF\WJF H~ZL K[P T[VMG[ ,L,M RFZM 5}ZTF 5|DF6DF\

VF5JM HM.V[P 5LJF DF8[ 5F6L 5}ZT]\ VF5J]\ HM.V[ VG[ AGL XS[ TM HFGJZMG[ lNJ;DF\ +6vRFZ

JBT 9\0] 5F6L KF\8J]\ HM.V[P

*P HFGJZMDF\ R[5L ZMUGF CMI 5Z\T] V\To:+FJGL p65GF SFZ6[ JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\ VFJTF CMI TM T[JF

HFGJZMDF\ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ lGNFG SZFJL V\To:+FJMGL p65 N}Z SZFJL XSFIP

(P GZ VG[ DFNG HFGJZMDF\ VYJF S'l+D ALHNFG SZFJTF CM.V[ TM JLI"DF\ R[5L ZMUM O[,FTF\

HLJF6]VM4 lJQFF6]VM S[ 5ZM5HLJM G CMJF HM.V[P VF DF8[ HIFZ[ 56 ACFZYL HFGJZ ,FJLV[

tIFZ[ HM.vT5F;LG[ VG[ YM0F lNJ; T[G[ V,U ZFBLG[ wIFG VF5J]\ H~ZL K[ S[ T[DF\ SM. ZMU TM

GYLP tIFZAFN H VF56F ALHF HFGJZM ;FY[ T[G[ ZFBJ]\P HM HFGJZ R[5L ZMU WZFJT]\ CMI TM T[GL

IMuI ;FZJFZ HF6SFZ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ SZFJJL H~ZL K[P

)P DFNFGF Ol,GLSZ6 DF8[ H[ GZ p5IMUDF\ ,[TF CM.V[ T[GF HGLGMqZ\U;}+MGL RSF;6L YJL H~ZL

K[ VG[ T[GF X]S|F6]VMDF\ VFG]J\lXS VYJF HgDHFT BFDLVM G CMI T[ HF6J]\ H~ZL K[P

!_P HgDHFT S[ HGGLI BFDLJF/F HFGJZMG]\ lGNFG HF6SFZ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ SZFJLV[ VG[ T[DF

;FZJFZ XSI G CMI TM T[JF HFGJZMGM lGSF, SZLV[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


40

5X] 5|HGGDF\ GZ 5X]G]\ DCtJ 0MPV[PVFZPVC,FJT4 0MP5LPV[RPJF8,LIF4 0MPJL[PALP0M\UZ[4 0MPHLPV[;P;MGJ6[

V[GLD, HLG[8LS; VG[ A|L0L\U lJEFU


SM.56 U]6WD"GF\ lJSF; DF8[ T[GL VFG]J\XLS 1FDTF VG[ T[ BL,JJF DF8[GF\ VG]S]/ ;\HMUM

VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P T[H ZLT[ JW] N]W pt5FNG D[/JJF DF8[ 5X]VMGL VFG]J\XLS 1FDTF JWFZJF VG[

VG]S]/ ;\HMUM pEF SZJF DF8[ J{7FlGS VlEUD V5GFJJM H~ZL K[P VFYL 5X] ;\JW"G V[JL ZLT[ SZJ]

HM.V[ S[ H[YL 5X]VMGL ;\bIFDF\ JWFZM YFI GCL 5Z\T] JW] pt5FNG 1FDTF DF8[GF\ VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF

5X]VM 5[NF SZL T[DG[ 5]ZTM BMZFS VG[ DFJHT VF5L pt5FNG JWFZJ] HM.V[P VMK] N]W pt5FNG 1FDTF

JF/F VG[ ALG pt5FNS 5X]VMG]\ ;\JW"G V8SFJLV[ TM H VF XSI AG[P

S'l+D ALHNFGGF\ ,FEvU[Z,FEo

,FEo

5X] pWMUDF\ ;FZF ;F\-v5F0FGF\ lJI"GM ElJQIGL VM,FN ;]WFZJF TYF T[DF\ VFG]J\XLS U]6M ;]WFZJF

DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJL XS[ K[P

5X]VMDF\ HFTLI VG[ VgI ZMUM p5Z SFA] D[/JJF XSI AG[P

5X]VMDF\ HFTLI VG[ VgI S'+LD ALHNFGYL O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMJFYL GM\W5+SG]\ DCtJ JwI]P

HIFZ[ VFG]J\XLS OFINFGL U6+L SZLV[ tIFZ[ S'+LD ALHNFG 5wWTL JW] SZS;ZI]ST ;FALT Y.P

SFA]DF\ G ZCL XSTF ;F\-v5F0FVMGF\ lGSF,YL N]WF/F HFGJZM ZFBTF B[0}TM VG[ VgI HFGJZMGL

DFJHTDF\ 36L D]xS[,LVM VMKL YFI K[P

U[Z,FEo

5X] DFl,SMV[ T[DGF\ 5X]VMDF\ S'+LD ALHNFG DF8[ T[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[, K[ T[ VM/BTF JW] ;DI

OF/JJM 50[ K[P

S'+LD ALHNFG SZJF DF8[ TF,LD ,LW[, jIlST H HFGJZMDF\ IMuI UE"WFZ6NZ D[/JL XS[P

5|F6LVMDF\ J\XHGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo

VF ZLTDF\ 5|F6VMGF\ 5}J"HMGF T[DH GHLSGF ;A\WLVMGF\ pt5FNS U]6M 5ZYL 5|F6LGL 5;\NUL

SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P DFTFvl5TF TZOYL ;\TFGG[ VW"F ,1F6M JFZ;FDF\ D/[ K[P T[ DF8[ GHLSGF\ l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6M

5Z JWFZ[ VFWFZ ZFBL XSFI GCLP SFZ6 S[ H[D H[D ;A\WGL S1FF N]ZGL YTL HFI T[D ;DFG ,1F6MG]\ 5|DF6

38T] HFI K[P H[ 5|F6LVMGF\ jIlSTUT ,1F6M ;\5}6" ZLT[ HF6L G XSFI sNFPTP JFKZ0L4 pKZTM ;F\- JU[Z[f

T[JF 5|F6LVM DF8[ J\XFJ,LGF ,1F6MGL DFlCTL 5|FYDLS 5;\NUL 5]ZTL p5IMUL GLJ0[ K[P JW] GHLSGF\


41

l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6MGL DFlCTL jIlSTUT U]6M p5ZYL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ 5]ZS ~5[ ;CFIE]T AGL XS[ K[P JW]DF\

GHLSGF\ l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6MGL DFlCTL jIlSTUT U]6M p5ZYL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ 5]ZS ~5[ ;CFIE]T AGL XS[ K[P

VF ZLTGL 5;\NULYL 5|F6L S[J] YX[ T[8,] H VG]DFG AF\WL XSFI K[P

S]8]\AGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo

TNG GHLSGM ;A\W WZFJTF 5|F6LVM sNFPTP ;UF EF.vAC[Gf VG[ l5TZF. V[S S]8]\AGF\ ;eIM

CMJFYL T[DGF\ 56 ;DFG ,1F6M CMI K[P T[DF V;Z SFZS p5IMU SZJF VFJF S]8]\AGF\ ;eIMGF ,1F6M p5ZYL

5|F6LVMGL ;\JW"G DF8[ 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HM S[ SM.56 5|F6LG[ T[GF ;A\WLVM TZOYL ,1F6M JFZ;FDF\

D/[,F CMTF GYL 5Z\\T] AgG[GF\ pT5FNS ,1F6M 5Z ;DFG 5}J"HGF ,1F6MGL ;A\WGL S1FFGF 5|DF6DF\ V;Z

VFJTL CMI K[P

;\TFGMGF ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo

5|F6L BZ[BZ S[J] K[m T[ CSLST T[6[ T[GF ;\TFGMG[ JFZ;FDF\ VF5[,F ,1F6M 5ZYL 5FZBL XSFI K[P

T[YL ;\TFGMGF\ ,1F6M T5F;LG[ 5|F6LGL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P BF; SZLG[ ;\JW"G DF8[GF ;F\-GL 5;\NUL

SZJF DF8[ VF 5wWTL JW] p5IMUL K[P V[S H ;F\-YL ;[\S0M ArRF pt5G Y. XS[ K[P HIFZ[ V[S UFI T[GF

HLJGSF/DF\ DIF"lNT ;\bIFDF\ ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ K[P T[YL VF 5wWTL ;F\-GL 5;\NUL DF8[ JW] J5ZFI K[P

V[S H ;F\-GL H]NL H]NL UFIMG[ UE"WFG SZFJLG[ T[GF ;\TFGM DFYL VMKFDF\ VF[KL !_v!Z lNSZLVMG]\ N]W

pt5FNG T5F;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FWFZ6 V[S ;DI[ !_ ;F\-MGL S;M8L SZJF #__ UFIMGL H~Z 50[ K[PVFD !

;F\-YL #_ UFIMDF\ UE"WFG SZFJJFYL !_v!Z lNSZLVM D[/JL XSFIP H[GF ,1F6M T5F;L A[ ;FZF ;F\-GL

5;\NUL SZL T[VMGF\ B[0}TMGL UFIMDF\ ;J\W"G DF8[ JW] 5|DF6DF\ p5IMU SZL W6 ;}WFZ6F SZL XSFIP ;F\-GL

5;\NUL SZJF DF8[ &v* JQF"GM ;DI HTF ;F\-GM p5IMUL HLJG SF/ 5;FZ YI UIM CMI K[P T[YL 5|tI[S ;F\-

GF\ lJI"G[ 5]ZTF 5|DF6DF\ YLHJL ZFBJ] 50[ K[P

GLdG S1FFGL VG]J\XLSTF VG[ HM ,1F6M V[S H HFTGF JFZ;FDF\ DIF"lNT K[P H[JFS[ N]W pt5FNG

1FDTF T[JF ,1F6M DF8[ VF ZLT 36L p5IMUL K[P NZ[S ;F\- NL9 lNSZLVMGL ;\bIFDF\ JWFZM SZJFYL VF ZLTGL

V;ZSFZSTF JW[ K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ Z5v#_ lNSZLVM ! ;F\- NL9 VG[ !5vZ_ ;F\-MGL S;M8L DF\YL Zv# ;F\-

5;\\NUL SZJFGL ZLT z[Q9 U6FI K[P VF8,F 5|DF6DF\ UFIM V[S UF{ XF/FDF\ CMJL XSI GYLP T[YL (v!_

UF{XF/FVM VFJL 5;\NUL SFI"S|DDF\ ;FD[, SZL XSFIP T[JL H ZLT[ HIF\ HIF\ S'+LD ALHNFGGL SFI"1F[+ lJ:T'T

K[P T[JF 1F[+MDF\ B[0}TMGL UFIMDF\ UE"WFG SZL pt5G YGFZ lNSZLVMGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL ;F\-GL 5;\NUL SZL

XSFIP N}W pt5FNG 1F[+[ 5|UTL SZGFZF N[XMDF\ VF 5wWTLGM JQF"MYL VFIMHG YFI K[P EFZTDF\ 56 36F

N]WF/F 5X]VMDF\ VF 5wWTLGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

UFIMGL 5;\NULDF\ T[DGL T\N]Z:T4 5|HGG 1FDTF4 ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlST4 5|lTS]/ VFAMCJFDF\ GEL

XSJFGL XlST BMZFSGF\ 5|DF6DF\ VlWS N]W pt5FNG VF5JFGL XlST JU[Z[ wIFG[ ,[J] HM.V[P H[YL N]WF/F

5X]VMGL 5;\NUL V;ZSFZS YI N]WGF\ W\WFDF\ JW] GOM D[/JL XSFIP


42

;FZL N]W pt5FNG XlST WZFJTF HFGJZMGL BF;LITMo

HFGJZM VFSQF"S VG[ R\R/ CMI K[P

HFGJZMG]\ jIlSTtJ 5|EFJXF/L CMI K[P

GFZL TtJGF\ ,1F6M H[JFS[ ;]SMD/TF4 GFH]STF JU[Z[ BF;LITM HMJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

DFY] DwID SNG]\ CMI K[P

O6L 5CM/L CMI K[P

VF\BMDF\ R5/TF VG[ CMlXIFZL CMI K[P

********


43

5X]5MQF6G\] 5X]5|HGGDF\ DCtJ V[RP V[RP ;J;F6L4 NtTF S[P V[;P4 ZLA0LIF V[GP S[P4 5F8L, V[;PV[;P VG[ UU" 0LP0LP

5X]5MQF6 lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ HM GOF S[ G]S;FG DF8[ SM. 5lZA/ HJFANFZ CMI TM T[ 5X]GL 5|HGG 5|J'lT

K[P VF 5|HGG 5|J'lT ;LWL S[ VF0STZL ZLT[ 5X] 5MQF6 5Z VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P JW] 50T] S[ VMK] 5MQF6 5X]GL

5|HGG 1FDTFG[ GA/L 50[ K[P N]WF/F 5X]VM lJIF6 5KL ;FDFgI ZLT[ &_v)_ lNJ;[ UE"WFZ6 SZ[ TM

5X]5F,G jIJ;FI DF8[ OFINFSFZS K[4 5Z\T] 36L JBT 5X]VM lJIF6 5KL & DlCGF S[ T[YL JW] ;DI ;]WLDF\

UE"WFZ6 G SZTF 5X]5F,SGF GF6FGF jII YFI K[ VG[ K[J8[ JW] 50TM 5MQF6GM BR" YTF A[ lJIF6 JrR[G] \

V\TZ JWTF 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S G]SXFG HFI K[P 5X] 5|HGGG[ 36F AWF 5ZLA/M V;Z SZ[ K[4 V[DFGF

D]bItJ[ 5X]5MQF64 5X] ZMU4 3F;RFZFDF\ ZC[, h[ZL TtJM4 5X] DFJHT4 lJI"GL O/§]5TF4 YLHJ[, lJI"GL

IMuI ;FZ ;\EF/ TYF 5X] UZDLDF\ VFJ[, K[ S[ GCL T[GL IMuI ;DI[ T5F; SZJL D]bI K[P

5X]5MQF6V[ pTD 5|HGG 1FDTF DF8[GL D]bI RFJL K[P 5X]VMG[ HM VFCFZDF\ pHF"4 5|M8LG4 BGLH

1FFZ TYF lJ8FDLG T[DGL H~ZLIFT D]HA IMuI DF+FDF\ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM 5X]GL 5|HGG 5|J''lTDF\ .rKLT

;]WFZM YX[ VG[ 5X]5F,SMG[ VFlY"S OFINM YX[P

5X]5MQF6GL V\To:+FJ 5Z V;Zo

HIFZ[ 5X] XZLZDF\ pHF"GL p65 pNEJ[ K[4 tIFZ[ T[GF\ XZLZDFF\ <I]8L,F.hL\U V\To:+FJGM :+FJ 38[

K[ VG[ VF SFZ6[ 5X]DF\ jI\wJtJ HMJF D/[ K[P 5X]G[ HM ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL V;DTM, VFCFZ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM

V\0FXIGL V\To:+FJ 5|tI[GL ;\J[NGXL,TF 38[ K[ VG[ T[GF ,LW[ 5X]DF\ 5|HGGG[ ,UTF 5|`GM pEF YFI K[P

pHF"GL 5|HGG 1FDTF 5Z V;Zo

T\N]Z:T TYF ;FZF 5|HGG T\+ DF8[ pHF"V[ ;F{YL DCtJGM BMZFS 38S K[ VG[ VFCFZDF\ ZC[, H]NF

H]NF VUtIGF\ 5MQFS TtJM DF\YL 5X]GL 5C[,L 5;\NUL pHF" DF8[ CMI K[P 5X] T[GL N{lGS pHF"GL H~ZLIFT 5]6"

SZJF DF8[ H BMZFS BFI K[P VF pHF"GM 5|FYDLS p5IMU 5X] T[GL XZLZDF\ RF,TL V\tI\T H~ZL XFZLZLS

lS|IFVM S[ H[ 5X]G[ HLJ\T ZFB[ K[4 T[ V[ DF8[ SZ[ K[P tIFZ AFN JW[,L pHF"GM p5IMU 5X] VG]S|D[ TFHF HgD[,

ArRFG[ H~ZL V[JF 5MQF61FD N]WGF\ pt5FNG DF8[4 XFZLZLS J'lwW DF8[ VG[ K[<,[ H[ pH"F JW[,L CMI T[GM

p5IMU 5|HGG 5|J'lT DF8[ SZ[ K[P V[8,[ VF p5ZYL V[ JFT O,LT YFI K[ S[ HM 5X]G[ T[GL N{lGS H~ZLIFT

D]HA VFCFZDF\ pHF" G VF5JFDF\\ VFJ[ TM T[G]\ 5|HGG T\+ GA/] 50X[P

DM8FEFU[ N]WF/F 5X] lJIF6 5KLGF\ X~VFTL +6 DlCGF ;]WL pHF"GL p65 WZFJ[ K[P VF V[S V[JM

;DI UF/M K[ S[ H[DF\ 5X]G]\ N]W pt5FNG H[ UTLYL JW[ K[4 T[H UTLYL 5X]GL BMZFS 5|tI[GL ~RL JWTL GYLP

V[8,[ N]WF/F 5X]DF\YL HM JW] 50T] S[ DCTD N]W pt5FNG D[/JJ] CMI TM T[GF VFCFZDF\ pHF" JW] DF+FDF\


44

VF5JL 50[P ;\XMWG p5ZYL V[ O,LT YI] K[ S[ H[ 5X]DF\ XFZLZLS J'lwW YTL CMI T[JF ;DI[ HM T[ 5X]G[

O[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[G[ UE"WFZ6 SZJF !P5 ;lJ"; 5|lT UE"WFZ6 DF8[ H~Z 50[ K[4 HIFZ[ VFYL p,8] H[

5X]GF\ XZLZG]\ JHG lNG 5|lTlNG 38T] CMI T[G[ HM O[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ TM ZP# ;lJ"; 5|lT UE"WFZ6 DF8[ H~Z

50[ K[P J/L 5X] VFCFZDF\ HM IMuI DF+FDF\ pHF"G]\ 5|DF6 ZFBJFD\F VFJ[ TM A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM ;DI UF/M

VMKM YJFYL 5X]5F,SG[ OFINM YFI K[P S[DS[ 5X]G[ T[GL H~ZLIFT D]HAGL pHF" VFCFZDF\YL D/TL CMI TM T[

H<NL UE"WFZ6 SZ[ K[P TNp5ZF\T B0[,L S[ JM0SLG[ VF5JFDF\ VFJTF VFCFZDF\ pHF"G]\ 5|DF6 VMK] CX[ TM T[

IF{JG VJ:YFV[ DM0L 5CM\RX[ VG[ HM JW] 50TL pHF" VFCFZDF\ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[ H~ZLIFT SZTF JW]

JHG CF\;, SZX[P H[ 56 UE"WFZ6 1FDTF DF8[ G]S;FG SFZS H K[P JW] 50TM pHF" I]ST VFCFZ HM B0[,L S[

JM0SLG[ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[ SNDF\ GFGL ZC[X[ T[DH T[GF CF0SFGM lJSF; GA/M 50X[P p5ZF\T T[GF 5[0]DF\

RZALGM ;\U|C YTF lJIF6 ;DI[ 56 TS,LO 50X[P

XFZLZS JHGGL 5X] 5|HGG T\+ 5Z V;Zo

UFE6 5X]G[ lJIF6GF\ A[ DlCGF 5C[,F HM pTD 5MQF61FD VFCFZ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GF XZLZDF\

pHF" TYF VgI H~ZL 5MQFS TtJMGM ;\U|C YX[ V[8,[ lJIF6 ;DI[ 5X] XZLZDF\ N]W pt5FNG DF8[ H~ZL V[JF

5MQFS TtJMGL p65 N[BFX[ GCLP V5]ZTL pHF" VG[ 5|M8LGG[ SFZ6[ 5X]GL 5|HGG p\DZ ,\AFI K[ TYF

UE"WFZ6GM NZ 56 H~ZLIFT SZTF 38[ K[P JW] 50TL pHF"GM 5X] XZLZDF\ ;\U|C YJFYL 5X] D[N:JL AG[ K[

VG[ VF SFZ6[ UE"GM D'tI]NZ 56 JWX[ VG[ VF\R/GM lJSF; TYF N]W pt5FNG 38[ K[P HM 5X]DF\ pHF"G]\

;\T],G CMI TM T[GM XFZLZLS lJSF; YX[ VG[ VFJF 5X]VM h05YL UE"WFZ6 SZX[ TYF T[DH 5X]GL

UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL 1FDTF *_@ H[8,L CMI K[ VG[ H[ 5X]DF\ JHG 38T] CMI T[GL UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL 1FDTF

OST !*@ H[8,L H CMI K[P lJIF6 AFN 5X]G]\ JHG 38[ K[ 5Z\T] HM lJIF6G\F A[ DlCGF 5C[,F VG[ A[ DlCGF

5KL 5MQF61FD 5X] VFCFZ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GF XZLZGF\ JHGDF\ YTM 38F0M ZMSL XSFI VG[ 5X] H<NL

UZDLDF\ VFJTF T[ JC[,M UE"WFZ6 SZX[P

5|M8LGGL 5X] 5|HGG T\+ 5Z V;Zo

T\N]Z:T 5X] 5|HGG T\+ DF8[ 5X]G[ 5]ZTF 5|DF6DF\ 5|M8LG VFCFZDF\YL D/L ZC[ V[ B}A H H~ZL K[P

HM 5X] XZLZDF\ 5|M8LGGL p65 H6FI TM 5|HGG T\+G[ ,UTF 5|̀ GM pNEJ[ K[P HM VFCFZDF\ VF5JFDF\

VFJTF 5|M8LGYL 5X]GL N{lGS H~ZLIFT 5}6" G YTL CMI TM 5X] UZDLGF\ AFCI ,1F6M NXF"JT] GYL T[DH T[GL

UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL 1FDTF 56 VMKL Y. HFI K[P UZDLGF\ RLCGM XF\T CMJFYL VFJF 5X]G[ ;DI;Z O[/JL

XSFTF GYLP

J/L HIFZ[ 5X]G[ T[GL N{lGS H~ZLIFT SZTF VFCFZDF\YL JW] DF+FDF\ 5|M8LG D/T] CMI TM T[ 56

G]S;FGSFZS K[P S[DS[ JW] 50T] 5|M8LG VF5JFYL 5X]GL UE"WFZ6 1FDTF GA/L 50[ K[P VFCFZDF\ ZC[,

5|M8LGG]]\ 5X] XZLZGF H9ZDF\ 5FRG Y. I]ZLIF AG[ K[ VG[ JW] 50T] I]ZLIF pt5G YJFYL ,MCLDF\ T[GL DF+F

JWTF T[ UEF"XIGL 5LV[RDF\ JWFZM SZ[ K[ VG[ UE"FXIGL 5LV[R JWTF 5X]GL UE"WFZ6 1FDTF GA/L 50[


45

K[P J/L VFCFZDF\ JW] 50T] 5|M8LG BJ0FJJFYL 5X] XZLZDF\ H[ JW] DF+FDF[ I]ZLIF AG[ K[4 T[G[ XZLZDF\YL N]Z

SZJF DF8[ 5X]G[ JWFZ[ pHF"GM p5IMU SZJM 50[ K[P

V[8,[ HM N]WF/F 5X]DF\ pHF"GL p65 CMI VG[ T[G[ HM JW] 50T] 5|M8LG VFCFZDF\YL D/[[ TM T[GF\

JHGDF\ JW] 50TM 38F0M GF\[WFI K[4 H[ pTD 5|HGG DF8[ G]S;FGSTF" K[P

BGLH 1FFZGL 5|HGG T\+ 5Z V;Zo

HM 5X] VFCFZ IMuI DF+FDF\ BGLH 1FFZ WZFJT] CMI TM 5X] 5|HGG T\+DF\ .rKLT ;]WFZM HMJF D/[

K[ VG[ HM 5X] XZLZDF\ VF BGLH TtJMGL p65 YFI TM 5X] 5|HGG 1FDTF 5Z T[GL U\ELZ V;Z YFI K[P

!f S[<XLIDo

VF V[S CF0SFGF\ lJSF; TYF J'lwW DF8[ DCtJG]\ BGLH TtJ K[P VF BGLH 1FFZ 5X] 5|HGGG[ ;LWL

ZLT[ V;Z SZT] GYL 5Z\T] HM IF{JG VJ:YFDF\ 5X]G[ S[<XLID IMuI DF+FDF\ G D/[ TF[ T[GM XFZLZLS J'lwW NZ

TYF CF0SFGM lJSF; ~\WFI K[ VFYL GA/F CF0SFGM lJSF; TYF GA/F XFZLZLS J'lwWNZG[ SFZ6[ 5|HGG T\+

GA/] 50[ K[P J/L S[<XLIDGL p65GF\ SFZ6[ H9ZDF\ ZC[, VFCFZG]\ 5FRG VMK] YFI K[ TYF VF H[GF\ SFZ6[

5X] XZLZDF\ pHF"G]\ 5|DF6 VMK] YJFYL 5|HGG 1FDTF TYF N]W pt5FNG 38[ K[P HM lJIF6GF\ YM0F lNJ;

5C[,F VFCFZDF\ S[<XLID VG[ ;M0LIDG]\ 5|DF6 38F0JFDF\ VFJ[ TM N]WLIF TFJG]\ 5|DF6 38F0L XSFI K[P

Zf OM:OZ;o

OM:OZ; TtJGL p65YL 5X] DM0] 5]bT pDZ[ 5CMR[ K[ VG[ HM T[GL p65 TLJ| CMI TM UE"WFZ6GL

8SFJFZL 56 VMKL YFI K[P T[GL p65YL V\0FXIG]\ SFI" GA/] 50[ K[ TYF 5]8LID5]8LS GF\ 5|`GM pNEJ[ K[P

VF 5|SFZGL p65 N]QSF/GF\ ;DI[ V[JF 5X]DF\ HMJF D/[ K[ H[G[ VMKM ;]SMEFZ D/TM CMIP ;FDFgI ZLT[

DM8FEFUGF\ 3F;RFZFDF\ OM:OZ;G]\ 5|DF6 ;FZ] CMJFYL VF 5|SFZGL BFDL HMJF D/TL GYLP J/L JW] 50T]

OM:OZ; VF5JFYL 5|HGG SFI"DF SM. OFINM YTM GYLP VFCFZDF\ S[<XLIDoOM:OZ;G]\ 5|DF6 !P5o! S[ Zo!

ZFBJ] lCTFJC K[P

#f hL\SqSM5ZqSMAF<8o

VF +6[I BGLH TtJMGM 5X] 5|HGG SFI" p5Z B}A 5|EFJ K[P SM5ZGL p65YL 5X]VMDF\ 5|FZ\ELS

UE" D'tI]4 D[,L G 50JL4 GA/L UE"WFZ6 1FDTF4 VF0] ArR]4 V\05L\0GL XLYL,TF T[DH DM0] UZDLDF\ VFJJ]

D]bI K[P HIFZ[ hL\S TtJGL p65YL UE"DF\ V;FWFZ6 lJS'TL HMJF D/[ K[4 S[DS[ 5X] XZLZDF\ 5|M8LG TYF

pHF"GF\ 5FRG DF8[ hL\S B}A H H~ZL K[P 5F0F VYJF W6B}\8DF\ HM hL\SGL p65 YFI TM T[GF lJI"DF\

X]S|F6]VMGL ;\bIF 38[ K[ VG[ UFIvE[\;DF\ hL\S TtJGL p65 CMI TM jI\WtJ HMJF D/[ K[P HIFZ[ SMAF<8GL

p65YL 5X]DF\ XF\T S[ GA/F UZDLGF\ lRCGM HMJF D/[ K[P TNp5ZF\T SMAF<8GL p65YL 5X]VMDF\ DM0L

IF{JG VJ:YF4 V\0FXIGL XLYL,TF4 UE"5FT S[ HgD ;DI[ D'T UE"GF lS:;F VM HMJF D/[ K[P


46

$f VFIM0LGo

VF BGLH 1FFZGM 5|HGG T\+ S[ 5|;]TL 5Z VF0STZM 5|EFJ K[P VFIM0LGGL p65YL YFIZM.0 U\|YL

;FZL ZLT[ SFD SZL XSTL GYL VG[ T[GF ,LW[ UE"DF\ H ArRFG]\ DMT S[ V;FWFZ6 ,F\AM UE"SF/ HMJF D/[ K[P

5f ;[,[GLIDo

5X] VFCFZDF\ HM ;[,[GLIDG]\ 5|DF6 IMuI DF+FDF\ G CMI TM D[,L G 50JFGF\ 5|`GM 5X]DF\ HMJF D/[

K[ VG[ ;DI;Z D[,L G 50JFYL 5X] 5|HGGG[ ,UTF ZMUM YFI K[P

lJ8FDLg;o

!f lJ8FDLG v V[

XZLZDF\ ZC[, H]NL H]NL 5[XLVM TYF 5|HGG VJIJMG[ T\N]Z:T ZFBJF lJ8FDLG v V[ H~ZL K[P

TNp5ZF\T UE"GF\ lJSF; DF8[ 56 lJ8FDLGvV[ H~ZL K[P lJ8FDLGvV[ GL p65YL 5X] XZLZGL 5[XLVM S96

AGTF T[DF\ TLZF0M 50JFYL R[5 ,FUJFGL XSITF JWL HFI K[P lJ8FDLG v V[GL p65YL GFGM UE"SF/ TYF

UE"FXIDF\ ;MHF HMJF D/[ K[P lJ8FDLGvV[ D]bItJ[ V\0FXI GF\ lJSF; DF8[ TYF V\0F6] GL 5]bTTF DF8[ H~ZL

K[P UFE6 5X]DF\ lJ8FDLG vV[GL BFDLGF\ SFZ6[ V\W TYF GFGF ArRFGM HgD YFI K[P

Zf lJ8FDLG v0L

VF lJ8FDLG S[<XLID VG[ OM:OZ; BGLH TtJGF\ XMQF6 DF8[ H~ZL K[P HM 5X] XZLZDF\ VF

lJ8FDLGGL BFDL CMI TM 5X] XZLZDF\ S[<XLID S[ OM:OZ;GL p65 YFI VG[ T[ SFZ6[ 5X]VMDF\ UE"FXIG[

,UTF 5|`GM pNEJ[ K[P 5Z\T] ;}I" 5|SFXDF\YL 5X]VM VF lJ8FDLG AGFJTF CMJFYL T[GL p65 VMKL HMJF

D/[ K[P

#f lJ8FDLG v .

lJ8FDLG v . S[ ;[,[GLID D]bItJ[ SMQMFDF\ pt5G YTF Z[0LS<;GM GFX SZL T[GF £FZF SMQFG[ YTL CFGL V8SFJ[ K[P HM VFCFZDF\ S[ 5X] XZLZDF\ lJ8FDLG v. TYF ;[,[GLIDGL p65 CMI TM VF Z[0LS<; 5X] XZLZGF\ SMQFDF\ V[S9F Y. X]S|F6]VMGL UTL1FDTF TYF UE"GM lJSF;NZ V8SFJ[ K[P VF TtJMGL p65GF\ SFZ6[ UE"FXIGF\ :GFI]VMGL lS|IFDF\ VJZMW 50TF 5X]VMDF\ UE"WFZ6GM NZ 38[ K[P lJ8FDLG . GL p65YL N]W pt5FNG 56 38[ K[P

5X] 5|HGGDF\ 5X] 5MQF6G]\ p5ZMST DCtJ HMTF4 HM 5X] VFCFZDF\ VF 5|SFZGF 5MQFS TtJMG[ ;\T],LT DF+FDF\ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM 5X]DF\ prR 5|HGG 5|J'lT CF\;, YJFYL 5X] 5F,SG[ VFlY"S OFINM YFI K[P 5X] 5MQF6 p5ZF\T 5X] DFJHTDF\ 56 lJX[QF SF/HL ,[JL H~ZL K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


47

S]l+D IMlGGL ZRGF V\U[GM 5|FIMlUS VeIF;

0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU


YLHJ[, JLI"YL S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ UE" 5|tIFZM56GL 5wWlTVMG[ 5X];\J"WG 1F[+[ GJL l1FlTHM ;Z

SZL K[P TYF T[GF 5|X\lGI 5ZL6FDM ,MSMV[ GHZL lGCF?IF K[P DM8F EFUGF lJS;LT 5l`RDL N[XMV[ VF AgG[

5wWlTVMG[ ;M 8SF V5GFJL K[ TYF VgI lJSF;XL, N[XMDF\ 56 VF 5wWlTVM CF, JT[vVMK[ V\X[

:JLSFZF. K[ VYJF ;\XMWGGF TASSFDF\ K[P EFZTDF\ S]l+D ALHNFG 5wWlTGM ;M{ 5|YD p5IMU

0MP;d5YS]DFZ[ .P;P!)#)4 5[,[; 0[ZL OFD"4 D{;]Z BFT[ SIM" CTMP U]HZFTDF\ VF 5wWlTGM VD, ;M{ 5|YD

.P;P!)5!v5ZDF\ ;]ZT lH<,FGF AFZ0M,L TF,]SFDF\ YIM CTMP VFH[ U]HZFT VG[ N[XEZDF\ V;\bI

;ZSFZL TYF ;CSFZL S]l+D ALHNFG S[g§M :YF5FIF K[ VG[ T[G]\ SFI" D]bItJ[ UFIMvE[\;M 5ZtI[ 36]\ H lJSF;

5FdI] K[P S]l+D ALHNFG SFI" DF8[ 5;\NUL 5FD[, ;F\-v5F0F S[ VgI GZ 5X] 5F;[YL JLI" D[/JJ]\ VFJxIS K[P

VF DF8[ H]GF ;DIYL VG[S ZLTMGF 5|IMUM SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P 5Z\T] T[DF\YL GLR[GL +6 ZLTM VUtIGL K[P VG[

T[ CF, JTFvVMKF 5|DF6DF\ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFI K[P

s!f S]l+D IMlgF §FZF sArtificial Vaginaf

sZf lJW]T V5;FZ6 sElectro-Ejaculationf §FZF VG[

s#f ;CFI HGG U|\lYVMGF DF,LX sMassagef §FZF JLI" 5|F%TL

VF +6[ ZLTMDF\ 56 S]l+D IMlG §FZF JLI" 5|Fl%T D[/JJFGL ZLT ;M{YL ;Z/4 ;FNL4 :JrK4 J{7FlGS VG[

S]NZTL ;DFUDGM VFEF; VF5TL CMJFYL ;M{YL JW] p5IMUDF\ ,[JFI K[ VG[ lJ`JGF NZ[S[ NZ[S N[XDF\ B]A H

5|R,LT K[P S}l+D IMlGDF\ kT]SF/4 J[TZ S[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[, UFIvE[\; VYJF H[ T[ JU"GL DFNFGL IMlGDF\ CMI

T[J]\ H S]l+D JFTFJZ6 pt5gG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P T[YL D[/J[, JLI"GL U]6JTF TYF O,LGLSZ6 XlST 36F\ p\RF

CMI K[P TYF JLI":+FJG[ N]lQFT YIF lJGF5]Z[5]ZM D[/JL XSFI K[P VG[ GZ5X]GL SFDl,%;F sLibidof GM

VeIF; 56 Y. XS[ K[P

HLP VFDG8LIF GFDGF J{7FlGS[ ;M{ 5|YD .P;P!)!$DF\ S]TZFDF\YL JLI" V[S9]\ SZJF ;M{ 5|YD S]l+D

IMlGGL ZRGF SZL CTLP S]l+D IMlG §FZF JLI" D[/JJFGL 5wWlTDF\ NZ[S ;F\-v5F0F DF8[ H\T]ZlCT

V,UvV,U S]l+D IMlG JF5ZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF p5ZF\T 5|F6LGF SN VG[ T[GF lX`GGL ,\AF. D]HA S]l+D

IMlG 56 GFGLvDM8L JF5ZDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ VF 5wWlTYL NZ +6 lNJ;[ V[S JLI":+FJ D[/JJFYL

;F\-v5F0FGL SFDl,%;F TYF JLI"GL U]6JTF ;FZL H/JF. ZC[ K[P VF 5wWlTDF\ ;F\-v5F0FG[ VF ZLT[ JLI"

VF5TM SZJFGL 8[J GFGL JIYL H 5F0JL 50[ K[P V[S JBT VF ZLT[ 8[JF. UI[, ;F\-v5F0M tIFZ 5KL T[ H

HFlTGF ALHF ;F\-v5F0F p5Z S[ DFNFGFVMGF p5Z 56 JLI":+FJ VF5[ K[P VG[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[, DFNFGL

VFJxISTF ZC[TL GYLP VF 5wWlTYL JLI" D[/JJFGL lS|IF D]bItJ[ +6 l;wWF\TM H[JF S[4


48

s!f 5]Z[5]Z] NAF64

sZf :GLuWTF4

s#f TF5DFG 5Z VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P

UFIvE[\; JU"GF ;F\-v5F0FDF\YL JLI" V[S9]\ SZJF DF8[ TF5DFG VlT DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P HM

S}l+D IMlGG]\ TF5DFG JWFZ[ ZFBJFDF\VFJ[ TM JLI"DF\GF X]S|F6]\VMG[ CFGL YFI K[ VG[ HM TF5DFG VMK]\

ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ TM ;F\-q5F0M JLI"GM :+FJ S]l+D IMlGDF\ SZTM GYLP

S]l+D IMlGGL ZRGF DF8[ H~ZL ;FWGq;FDU|Lo

s!f ;BT ZAZGM G/FSFZ

sZf ,[8[S; ZAZ ,F.GZ

s#f 5F6L TYF CJF DF8[GF JF<J

s$f ,[8[S; ZAZ SMG

s5f V\lST SXG/L

s&f lJ;\JFCS SMY/L

s*f 5F6L

s(f ,FS0FG]\ IMlG DF8[G]\ :8[g0

s)f ALSZ

s!_f :GLuWTF DF8[ H[,L

s!!f UZ6L

s!Zf CJF EZJF ZAZ A<A

s!#f YDM"DL8Z

s!$f SFRGM ;/LIM

S]l+D IMlGGL ZRGFo

S]l+D IMlG AGFJTF 5C[,F4 T[G[ AGFJJF DF8[GF p5ZMST NXF"J[, H~ZL ;FWGq;FDU|L H\T]D]ST CMJL

H~ZL K[P S}l+D IMlGDF\ ACFZGF EFU 5M,M G/FSFZ CMI K[P T[GL V\NZ 5FT/F ZAZG]\ 50 ,F.GZ CMI K[ S[

H[GF A\G[ K[0F B]<,F CMI K[ VG[ G/FSFZGL ,\AF. !$ .\R YL !& .\R ;F\-q5F0FGL XL`GGL ,\AF.G[ VFWFZ[

JF5ZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P V\NZG]\ ,F.GZ G/FSFZ SZTF JWFZ[ ,\AF.G]\ CMI K[ T[GF V\NZGM jIF; ZP5 YL # .\RGM

CMI K[P ACFZ GLS/TF A\G[ K[0F G/FSFZ p5ZJFl/G[ A\W A[;TF SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P G/FSFZ VG[ ZaAZGL

JrR[GL HuIFDF\ JF<JGL DNNYL 5F6L EZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ H[G]\ TF5DFG $_c YL $5c ;[PGL JrR[ ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[

K[P VF pQ6TF5DFG HF/JJ]\ B]A H~ZL K[ SFZ6S[ ;F\-GL HGGG[lg£IG[ JW] 50T]\ pQ6TF5DFG CFlGSFZS

GLJ0[ K[P T[YL S]NZTL IMlGGF H[8,] pQ6TF5DFG ZFBJ] H~ZL K[P ZAZGL 8I]ADF\ CJF EZJFGF A<AYL CJF

EZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[YL T[ :GFI]GL DFOS :YlTDF5S AGL XS[P VF IMlGGM V[S K[0M B]<,M ZFBJFGM CMI K[P

H[GF 5Z J[;[,LG S[ VgI h[,L ,UF0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[YL T[ ;F\-GL HGG[lg£IG[ 5|J[X DF8[ VG]S]/ AG[ K[P

IMlGG[ ALH[ K[0[ 5FT/F ZAZGM X\S] VG[ T[GL ;FY[ JLI" V[S9]\ SZJFGL V\lST 8I]A HM0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF A[

EFUMG[ pQ6TFDFG TYF ACFZGF JFTFJZ6YL Z1F6 VF5JF DF8[ T[GL p5Z V[S ZAZ VYJF Z[ShLGGL SMY/L

.g:I],[8L\U A[UG]\ VFJZ6 R0FJL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFD ;F\-q5F0FDF\YL JLI" V[S9]\ SZJF DF8[ S]l+D IMlG T{IFZ

SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


49

YLHJ[, JLI" DF8[GF Sg8[GZGL ;FZ;\EF/

VG[ SF/HL 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,



VF56F N[XDF\ S]l+D ALHNFGGM D]bI C[T] 5X]VMGL O/N=]5TFDF\ JWFZM SZJFGM K[P VF O/N=]5TF

D]bItJ[ +6 AFATM p5Z VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P H[JL S[

s!f UFI q E[\;GL 5]Gopt5FNG 1FDTF

sZf JLI"GL U]6JTF

s#f ALHNFG SZGFZGL SFI"1FDTF

HM VF56[ GLR[ H6FjIF D]HAGL AFATM VF56F ZMHL\NF S]l+D ALHNFGGF SFI"DF\ wIFG ZFBLV[ VG[

VF lJQF[GF VF56F ;\5]6" 7FGGM SFI"1FD ZLT[ p5IMU SZLV[ TM p5ZMST C[T] VF56[ VF;FGLYL ;Z SZL

XSLX]\P JLI"GF V[S+LSZ6YL DF\0L UZDLDF\ VFJ[, 5X]GF UE"DF\ JLI" D]SJF ;]WLGL 5|lS|IF B]A H H8L, K[

VG[ VF 5|lS|IFDF\ V,U V,U 8[SGLxIG lJlJW SM{X<I JF5Z[ K[ VG[ VF ;DU| 5|lS|IF NZdIFG JLI"GL

;\EF/ ZFBJFGL VFJxISTF 36L H~ZL K[P

VFD lO<0DF\ D[/J[, O|[X JLI"GF HyYFG[ HF/JL ZFBJFG]\ SFI" lO<0 8[SGLxIG DF8[ B]AH V3Z] K[P

36LJFZ V[J] HMJF D/[ K[ S[ lO<0DF\ V5]ZTL HF6SFZL VG[ TS[NFZLG[ SFZ6[ 36F 8[SGLxIGM HF6[ VHF6[

JLI"GL U]6JtTF AUF0L GFB[ K[[P ALH] S[ lO<0DF\ DMS,JFDF\ VFJTF JLI"GF HyYFGL RSF;6L lO<0 ,[J,[ SZJL

B]A H D]XS[, K[ SFZ6 S[ T[ DF8[ VWTG ;FWGMGL H~ZLIFT ZC[ K[ H[ :YFlGS SÙFV[ p5,aW CMTF GYLP HM

JLI" A[gS N=FZF JLI"GL HF/J6L SZJF DF8[GL ;FJR[TL V\U[ HM IMuI DFU"NX"G lO<0 8[SGLxIGG[ VF5JFDF\

VFJ[ TM YM0[ V\X[ VF56[ JLI"GL SFI"1FDTFDF\ JWFZM SZL XSLV[[P DM8[ EFU[ lO<0 8[SGLxIG[ JLI"GL ;\EF/DF\

s!f 0MhG]\ TF5DFG sZf SM<0 XMS s#f R[5 G]\ BF; wIFG ZFBJ] H~ZL K[P

JLI" U|C6

S'l+D ALHNFG DF8[ BF; 5ZLA/MG[ wIFG[ ,. 5;\N SZFI[,F GZ HFGJZMDF\YL JLI" D[/JJFGL lJlJW

5wWlTVM VD,DF\ K[P H[DF\ S'l+D IMGLYL JLI" D[/JJFGL ZLT V[ B]A H ;Z/4 ;:TL4 :JrK TYF ;F{YL JW]

p5IMUDF\ ,[JFTL 5wWlT K[P VF 5wWlTDF\ S'l+DIMGLDF\ S]NZTL ;DFUD JBT[ ;HF"TF JFTFJZ6 H[J\] H

JFTFJZ6 S'l+D ZLT[ TF5DFG4 RLSFX TYF NAF6 pt5gG SZL ;H"JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF ZLT[ T{IFZ SZ[, IMGLGL

DNNYL 5F0FqVFB,FG[ ALHF GZ HFGJZ s0DL HFGJZf 5Z 9[SF0LG[ T[G\] JLI" V[S9\] SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P V[S9F

SZ[, JLI"GL 5|IMUXF/FDF\ lJlJW 8[:8 YSL RSF;6L SZLG[ HM T[ YLHFJJF ,FIS CMI TM H T[GM VFU/ S'l+D

ALHNFG GF 0Mh AGFJJFDF\ p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5Z\T] HM VF JLI" GSSL SZ[, 8[:8 5{SL SM. V[S 8[:8DF\


50

56 GFv5;\N 50[ TM T[G[ O[\SL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFD4 VF 5wWlTDF\ B]A H p\RF VFG]J\lXS U]6M WZFJTF GZ

HFGJZDF\YL prR SJM,L8LGF JLI"GM ;\U|C SZL T[G[ YL\HJLG[ HF/J6L SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

JLI"GL YLHJ6L o

JLI"G[ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGGL DNNYL cc AFIMvO|LhZcc GFDGF ;FWGDF\ -140°C ;]WL 9\0] SZJFDF\ VFJ[

K[P tIFZAFN T[G[ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHG S[ H[G]\ TF5DFG -196°C CMI K[ T[DF\ D]SL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF ZLT[ YL\HJ[,

JLI"GM p5IMU ;\[S0M\ JQF" 5KL 56 SZL XSFI K[P 5Z\T] T[GF DF8[ T[G[ ;TT 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGDF\ D]SL ZFBJ]\

OZHLIFT K[[P HM JLI" ZFB[, Sg8[GZDF\ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGG\] 5|DF6 38L HFI TM T[JF JLI"DF\ ZC[, X]S|F6]VM

DZJFYL JLI"GL UEF"WFGGL 8SFJFZLDF\ 38F0M Y. XS[ K[P

JLI"G[ YLHJJFGF 36F OFINF K[P H[D S[ YLHJ[, JLI"DF\ X]S|F6]VM ;]X]%T VJ:YFDF\ HTF ZC[TF CMJFYL

T[DGL AWL H 5|lS|IFVM A\W Y. HFI K[ VG[ T[DG[ VFH VJ:YFDF\ ElJQIDF\ p5IMU ;F~ ;FRJL XSFI K[P

HIFZ[ 5|JFCL JLI"G[ JW]DF\ JW] $( S,FS ;]WL H JF5ZL XSFI K[P YLHJ[, JLI"DF\ 5F0FqVFB,FGF DZ6 5KL

56 JQFM" ;]WL T[GM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P VFD4 VFHGF prR VM,FNGF HFGJZGF JLI"G[ VFHYL N;4 JL; S[

;M v A:;M JQF" 5KL 56 JF5ZL XSFI K[P T[DH HM DM8F HyYFDF\ JLI"GM ;\U|C SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GM ;\U|C

BR" 56 B]A VMKM VFJ[ K[P J/L4 N]lGIFGF SM.56 K[0F p5ZGF p¿D ;F\-GF JLI"G[ VFBL N]lGIFGF SM.56

B]6[ JF5ZL XSFI K[P T[ DF8[ ;F\-G[ VCL\YL TCL\ O[ZJJFGL SM. H H~Z GYLP YL\HJ[, JLI"GF TG]SZ6 ãFJ6DF\

R[5 G O[,FI T[ DF8[ V[g8L AFIM8LS pD[Z[, CMI K[P VFD4 YLHJ[, JLI"GF OFINFVMG[ wIFG[ ,[TF NZ[S HFGJZG[

VFJF JLI"YL H O[ZJJFDF\ VFJ[ T[JL V5[1FF ZFBJL S\. BM8L GYLP

LN2 GL ;FRJ6Lo

LN2 V[ ,LSJLOF.0 GF.8=MHG U[; K[P T[GM AM.,L\U 5M.g8 v!)&°C K[P T[GM p5IMU JLI"GF

;\U|C DF8[ S],g8 TZLS[ YFI K [P

VF U[; A/TZF JUZGM4 ALG HJGXL,4 ALG h[ZL VG[ SF8 G ,FU[ T[JM K[P T[ CJFDF\ *5 8SF

JHGYL ZCL XS[ K[P

HM LN2 V[ RFD0LGF ;\5S"DF\ VFJL HFI TM T[ EFUG[ B]A H 9\0F 5F6L J0[ WM. GFBJM HM.V[ VG[

T[GF p5Z 9\0L A[g0[h ,UF0JL HM.V[P

HM VF LN2 V[ SM. JWFZ[ TF5DFGJF/L J:T]GF ;\5S"DF\ VFJJFYL T[G] ptS,G AL\N] JWL HFI K[4

T[GF SFZ6[ W]DF0FGF UM8F VG[ DM8F KF8F p0[ K[P

YLHJ[, JLI"GL ;FRJ6Lo

YLHJ[, JLI"GL ;FRJ6L DF8[ 5]ZT] 7FG CMJ] B]A H H~ZL K[P

8[SGLxIG 5F;[ LN2 VG[ LN2 Z[O|ZLHZ[8Z VG[ YLHJ[, JLI" JLX[ 5]ZT] 7FG CMJ] B]A H H~ZL K[P


51

VF AW] V[8,F DF8[ S[ YLHJ[, JLI"GL ;FRJ6L V[ V<8=F ,M TF5DFG[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[PVG[ VF V<8=F

,M TF5DFG LN2 N=FZF D/L ZC[ K[P

LN2 G[ ;FDFgI TF5DFG[ TYF ;FDFgI ;FWGDF\ ;\U|C SZJM XSI GYL SFZ6S[ VFtI\lTS O[ZOFZ

JFTFJZ6 ;FY[ HMJF D/TM CMJFYL DF8[ T[G[ ;\U|C SZJF DF8[ V,U H 5|SFZGF ;\U|CSGM p5IMU

YFI K[P

LN2 Z[O|LHZ[8ZGL SF/HL VG[ HF/J6Lo

D];FOZL JBT[ LN2 DF8[ CD[\XF Z1F6FtDS ;FDU|L ;FY[ ZFBJL HM.V[P LN2 Sg8[GZGL OZT[ ZaAZGL

ZL\U VYJF TM ,FS0FG]\ AMS; AGFJLG[ ZFBJ] HM.V[P

Z:TF p5Z VFJTF Ad5GL D];FOZL SZTL JBT[ BF; TS[NFZL ZFBJL HM.V[P H[YL SZLG[ T[GL Sg8[GZ

5Z GlCJT V;Z YFIP

Z[O|LHZ[8Z sSg8[GZf G[ D];FOZL SZTL JBT[ CD[XF\ pE] ZFBJ] HM.V[P

Z[O|LHZ[8Z sSg8[GZf G[ VFJGHFJG VG[ B[RF\6YL ARFJJ] HM.V[P

Sg8[GZG[ S[GL:8ZYL TZT H A\W SZJ] HM.V[P

SF6FJF/\] S[ 8]8[,] Sg8[GZGM p5IMU SZJM HM.V[ GCLP

VFJF SF6FJF/F S[ 8]8[,F Sg8[GZG[ ;F\WLG[ VYJF TM J[<0L\U DFZLG[ 56 p5IMU G SZJM HM.V[P

Sg8[GZ 5Z VFJTF G[S%,U lXJFI ALH] SM.A6 5|SFZG] -FS6]\ DFZJ] HM.V[ GCLP

;BT A\W ZC[GFZ V,U 5|SFZGF Sg8[GZGM p5IMU SZJM HM.V[ GCLP

Sg8[GZG[ 9\0L HuIFV[ ZFBJFGM VFU|C ZFBJM HM.V[ VG[ ;]SL HuIFV[ ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ TM ;LWM

;]I"5|SFX G VFJ[ T[ ZLT[ ZFBJ] HM.V[P

Sg8[GZG[ ELGL HuIFV[ G ZFBJ] HM.V[P

Sg8[GZG[ NZZMH :JrK ~DF, J0[ ;FO ZFBJ] HM.V[P H[YL NLJ; NZDLIFG T[GF 5Z RM8[, DF8L4 W]/

JU[Z[ T[G[ BZFA G SZ[P

V[S SZTF JWFZ[ Sg8[GZ HIFZ[ E[UF CMI tIFZ[ T[G[ V[S ALHF p5Z G ZFBJF HM.V[P

Sg8[GZGF J[SI]D 5d5 ;FY[ SM.56 5|SFZGF R[0F G SZJF HM.V[P

Sg8[GZG[ EZTL JBT[ B]A H SF/HL ZFBJL HM.V[ SFZ6 S[ HM h05YL LN2 Sg8[GZDF\ GFBJFDF\

VFJ[ TM Sg8[GZ p5Z T[GL VF0V;Z YFI K[ VG[ Sg8[GZGL SFI"1FL,TFDF\ 38F0M YFI K[P

Sg8[GZGF %,UG[ h05YL N]Z SZJM HM.V[ VG[ p5ZGL ;F.0 ;FRJJFYL R[5 ,FUJFGM EI VMKM

ZC[ K[P

JLI"GF 0MhG[ CD[\XF UMA,[8DF\ H ;\U|C SZJF HM.V[P

LN2 G[ V[S Sg8[GZDF\YL ALHF Sg8[GZDF\ GFBTL JBT[ ~DF, ZFBJM HM.V[ H[YL LN2 GF DM8F

8L5F Sg8[GZ 5Z G 50L HFIP


52

UMA,[8G[ S[GL:8ZDF\ GFBTL JBT[ UMA,[8G[ LN2 YL EZ[,] CMJ] HM.V[4 V[ B]A H wIFGDF\

ZFBJFGM D]NM K[P GCLTZ UMA,[8 O,M8 sp5Zf VFJL HFI K[ VG[ T[ Sg8[GZGF C[g0,L\UDF\ B]A H

5|`G pt5G SZ[ K[P

YLHJ[, JLI"GF 0MhGL ;FRJ6LqHF/J6Lo

JLI"GL :8=MG[ SF-TL JBT[ S[GL:8ZG[ Sg8[GZGF G[S ;]WL H ,FJJ] HM.V[ VG[ VUFpYL 9\0F SZ[,

RL5LIFGL DNNYL :8=M SF-JL HM.V[P

JLI"GL :8=M EZ[, S[GL:8Z !_ ;[Sg0 S[ T[GFYL JWFZ[ ;DI DF8[ Sg8[GZGF G[SGL HuIFV[ p3F0L

VJ:YFDF\ ZFBJ] HM.V[ GCLP

TF5DFGGL ;FDFgI JW38 V[ B]A H ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL V;Z SZ[ K[P

LN2 G]\ DLGLDD ,[J, ;FRJJ] B]A H H~ZL K[P

:8=MG[ UMA,[8DF\YL ACFZ SF-TL JBT[ ALHF :8=MG[ G]SXFG G YFI T[GL SF/HL ZFBJL HM.V[P

Sg8[GZG[ 5\BFGL GLR[ G ZFBJ] HM.V[P

:8=MG[ JWFZ[ TF5DFGJF/L HuIFV[ Sg8[GZDF\ D]SJM S[ SF-JM G HM.V[P

V[S :8=MG[ V[S Sg8[GZDF\YL ALHF Sg8[GZDF\ ;%,FI SZJL GCLP HM ;%,FI SZJFG]\ YFI TM VFB[ VFB]

:8=M EZ[, UMA,[8 H O[ZJJ] HM.V[P

HM LN2 ,LS[H YFI TM T[G[ ;J[NGXL, lJ:TFZ S[ JFTFJZ6DF\ G D]SJM HM.V[P

YM.\U SIF" 5KL 0MhG[ SMZM SZL G[ 5KL H A.I. UGDF\ ,M0 SZJM HM.V[ H[YL ALHNFG SZTL JBT[

JLI"\ 5F6L J0[ R[5LT G YFIP

Sg8[GZG[ VF\TZF NCF0[ R[5 D]ST SZJ] HM.V[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


53

5X]VMGL ;UEF"J:YFGF H]NF H]NF TASSF VG[ lJIF6

0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ



DCTD VG[ GOFSFZS N]W pt5FNG D[/JJ]\ CMI TM HFGJZ lGIlDT 56[ VG[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[ XSI

T[8,F\ 8]\SF UF/[ lJIF6 5FD[ T[ H~ZL K[P VF DF8[ HFGJZG[ lJIF6 AFN ;DI;Z )_ lNJ; ;]WLDF\ O[/JJ]\

H~ZL K[ VG[ tIFZAFN T[ ;U"EF K[ S[ GCL\ T[GL RSF;6L 56 XSI T[8,L JC[,L YJL H~ZL K[PVFYL G O/[, S[

BF,L HFGJZMG]\ 56 5ZL1F6 SZL XSFI VG[ 5|HGG 1FDTF ;]WFZL XSFI K[P UE"lGNFG SZFjIF JUZ 5|F6L

UFE6 K[ V[D DFGL ,[JFYL 36F 5X]VM & YL ( S[ T[YL JW] DlCGF ;]WL BF,L ZC[ K[P UE" lGNFG SZJFYL

UFE6 GSSL YIF AFN T[G[ IMuI DFJHT VG[ 5MQF6 VF5L XSFI K[P VFYL O[/jIF AFN HM 5X] A[ S[ V-L

DlCG[ UZDLDF\ GF VFJ[ TM UE"lGNFG SZFJJFYL 36M OFINM ZC[ K[P VF lGNFG B]A H ;FJR[TL5]J"S VG[

SF/HLYL SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P VWSRZF\ 7FG S[ V6VFJ0TG[ SFZ6[ lGNFG BM8]\ YJFGM ;\EJ ZC[, K[P

kT]SF/ VEFJ4 S]NZTL ;DFUD S[ S]l+D ALHNFG YJF V\U[GL DFlCTL4 ;UEF" JM0SLVMDF\

N]uWU|\YLGM lJSF; VG[ J'l£4 ;UEF"J:YFDF\ T'TLI TASSFDF\ pNZGF SNDF\ JWFZM JU[Z[ AFælRCGM

;UEF"J:YFGF lGNFGDF\ DNN~5 YFI K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF V\T EFUDF\ z[l6IA\WGLVM -L,L 50[ K[P EUGM

H,XMN VG[ lXlY,TF N[BF. VFJ[ K[PVF AWF lRCGM lGNFG SZJFDF\ DNN~5 YFI K[ 56 KTF\I[ 5]8LID

l0dAU|\lYGF ZMUYL 5L0FTF4 lGZ\TZ l5\Tl5\0 WZFJTF4 5]IDITF4 DDLE}T UE" T[DH UEF"XI XMWYL 5L0FTF\

HFGJZM 56 kT]SF/ VEFJ NXF"JTF CMI K[P J/L4 & YL !_ 8SF H[8,F\ HFGJZM ;UEF"J:YFGF\ 5|YD

TASSFDF\ kT]SF/GF\ lRCGM NXF"J[ K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF lGNFGGL ,F1Fl6S T5F; B]AH RMS;F.YL YJL H~ZL

K[P D/FXI 5ZL1F6 §FZF ;UEF"J:YFGL ,F1Fl6S T5F; SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P UEF"XIX'\U VG[ V\0l5\0M

;UEF"J:YFGL X~VFTDF\ T[DH ;UEF" G CMI T[JL UFI S[ E[\;MDF\ T5F;L XSFI K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF\ RMYF S[

5F\RDF DlCGF AFN V\0l5\0MqUEF"XIGL ;FY[ pNZ U'CDF\ NFB, YTF CM. T[G]\ 5ZL1F6 XSI AGT]\ GYLP

D/FXI 5ZL1F6 §FZF SZJFDF\ VFJTF\ ;UEF"J:YF lGNFGDF\ GLR[GF\ ,1F6M DNN~5 YFI K[P

#_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG ;UEF" UEF"XIX'\UGF SNGM JWFZMP

;UEF"X'\UDF\ UEF"JZ6 5|JFCLG]\ V[S9]\ YJ]\ T[DH UEF"XIGL lNJF,G]\ 5FT/]\ YJ]P

#_ YL %F_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG UEF"XIDF\ ZC[, p<A5]l8G]\ GZDFXI 5lZ:5X"GP

V\0l5\0DF\ ZC[, l5Tl5\0 S[ H[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ ;UEF" UEF"XI X'\U TZOGF\ V\0l5\0 5Z CMI K[P

$_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG V\U]9F VG[ VGFlDSF VF\U/L JrR[ R58LDF\ ,LW[,

UEF"XIGL lNJF,DF\YL UEF"JZ6MG]\ K8SL HJ\]P

UE"4 UEF"JZ6M VG[ UE"VFJZ6 5|JFCLG[ ,LW[ SNDF\ DM8F YI[, UEF"XI X'\UDF\ UE"G]\ 5lZ:5X"GP


54

# YL $ DlCGFGL ;UEF"J:YF 5KL ;UEF" UEF"XIGL lNJF,DF\ :TJSMG]\ 5lZ:5X"GP

DwI UEF"XI WDGLGF SNDF\ JWFZM VG[5lZ:5X"G £FZF T[DF\ VG]EJFTF\ lJRL+ WASFZFP

&_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF" CMI T[JL JM0SLVM VG[ UFIMDF\ UEF"XI zMl6U'CF S[ T[GF 5|J[X §FZF GHLS

CMJFG[ ,LW[ 5lZ:5X"G ;Z/ AG[ K[P ;UEF"X'\UGM EFU T[DF\ ZC[, UEF"JZ6M VG[ 5|JFCLG[ ,LW[ O],[,M H6FI

K[P;UEF"J:YFGF # YL $ DlCGF NZdIFG )5 @ lS:;FVMDF\ UE"G]\ 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFI K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF

5 YL & DlCGF NZdIFG UEF"XI pNZU'CFDF\ pTZ[ K[P VF JBT[ zM6LU'CFDF\ IMlGG]\ VG[ zM6LU'CFGF 5|J[X

£FZ 5F;[ SNDF\ DM8L AG[, UEF"XIU|LJFG\] 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFI K[P VF ;\HMUMDF\ ;UEF"J:YFG]\ lGNFG

DwIUEF"XI WDGLGF\ lJSF; VG[ T[GF lJlR+ WASFZF T5F;LG[ YFI K[P

,F1Fl6S 5lZ1F6 JBT[ SIFZ[S ;UEF" UEF"XIG[ UEF"XIGL ALHL ZMUDI l:YlTVMYL H]NL 5F0JF DF8[

;UEF"J:YFGF p5ZMST ,1F6M VG[ lRgCM T5F;JF B]A H H~ZL K[P DDLE]T S[ D;]l6T UE"4 UEF"XI

5]IDITF4 UEF"XI XMY4 H, UEF"XITF4 `,[QF UEF"XITF4 lJ:OFZLT YI[, D]+FXI45|YD VFDFXI JU[Z[

;UEF"J:YFGF lGNFGD\F U]\RJF0M pEM SZL XS[ K[P T[YL NZ[S T5F; JBT[ SF/HL5]J"S VG[ RMS;F.YL lGNFG

YFI T[ H~ZL K[P

5|;J ;DIGF\ ,1F6M VG[ TASSFVM

5|;J lS|IFG[ +6 TASSFVMDF\ lJEFHLT SZFI K[P

!P UEF"XIGF :GFI]:TZGL ptT[HGF VG[ ;\SMRGGM TASSM

ZP GJHFT ArRFGF HgDGM TASSM

#P VMZ S[ D[,GF lGSF,GM TASSM

5|;JGL X~VFTDF\ DFNFG[ BMZFS VMKM VG[ V[SF\T JW] 5;\N 50[ K[P N}uWU|\lYGM lJSF; 5]6" ZLT[ YFI K[

VG[ lGT\A5|N[X ;F\WFVM4 S\0lZSFVMG]\ lXlY,G YFI K[P >:8=MHG TYF VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJGL V;Z C[9/

UEF"XIGF :GFI]VMG]\ pT[HG VG[ ;\SMRG X~ YTF\ DFNF 5X] A[R[G AG[ K[ VG[ tIFZAFN 5|YD TASSFGL

X~VFT YFI K[P

!P 5|YD TASSF DF\ UEF"XI :GFI]VMGF ;\SMRGvlXlY,GG]\ DMH] UEF"XIGF\ X'\U 5F;[YL X~ Y.

UEF"XI U|LJF ;]WL O[,FI K[P X~VFTDF\ ,UEU !_ YL !5 lDlG8[ pt5gG YTF\ DMHFGL TLJ|TF VG[ NZDF\

WLD[ WLD[ JWFZM YTM HFI K[4H[GFYL K[J8[ SD/G]\ D]B JWFZ[ 5CM/] AG[ K[P UEF"XI U|LJF TYF IMlGDFU"

,UEU ;/\U V[S;ZBF 5CM/F YTF\ HgD DFU"GL IMuI ZRGF T{IFZ YFI K[P UEF"XIGF\ ;\SMRGG[ ,LW[ ;M{

5|YD UE" SMY/L IMlGGL ACFZ ,8STL N[BFI K[P H[ VF5MVF5 O}8TF RLS6]\ 5|JFCL HgD DFU"GL lNJF,G[

RLS6L VG[ ,L;L AGFJ[ K[P 5X] p9vA[; SZ[ K[4 T[ NZdIFG ArR] HgD DF8[GL IMuI XFZLZLS l:YlT 5|F%T SZ[

K[P H[DF\ ArRFGF\ VFU/GF 5U ,F\AF Y.G[ T[GF p5Z T[G]\ DFY]\ UM9JFI[,]\ CMI T[ ZLT[ DFTFGL SZM0ZHH]G[

;DF\TZ ZC[ K[P HgD JBT[ ArRFGL VF l;JFIGL VgI l:YlT H[D S[ DFY]\ S[ 5U J/[,F\ CMJF4 DFYFG[ AN,[

5]\K0LGM EFU 5|YD VFJJM4 ArR]\ VF0] CMJ]\ S[ lJS'T CMJ]\4 JU[Z[ lS:;FVMDF\ HgD VF5D[/[ YTM GYL VG[

AFæ DNNGL H~Z 50[ K[P


55

ZP ALHF TASSF DF\ UE"G]\ DFY] VG[ VFU/GF 5U p<aF ;FY[ HgD DFU"DF\ 5|J[X[ K[ tIFZ[ pNZ58, VG[

pNZGF :GFI]VMGF\ pU| ;\SMRGM YJFYL T[ ;\5]6"ZLT[ ACFZ WS[,FI K[P tIFZAFN ArRFGF DFYFGF JHGYL

ArR\] ACFZ GLR[GL AFH]V[ WS[,FI K[ VG[ ArRFGM HgD G{;lU"S YFI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ VF TASSM ! YL $

S,FSDF\ 5}6" YFI K[P HM T[ SZTF\ JW] ,\AFI TM ArRFG\] D]tI] YJFGL XSITF ZC[ K[P lJIF6GL 5|lS|IF ;FDFgI

CMI tIF\ ;]WL 5X]5F,S[ JrR[ 50JFGL H~Z CMTL GYL 5Z\T] 5|;JGL 5|lS|IF JW] 50TL ,\AF. HFI TM TFtSFl,S

5X]lRlSt;SGM ;\5S" ;FWL VFJL Sl9G 5|;JGL 5lZl:YlTG]\ lGNFG SZFJL ;FZJFZ SZFJJL HM.V[P JW]DF\

HIFZ[ ;FDFgI 5lZl:YlTDF\ 5Z5M8M N[BFI tIFZ[ VlWZF.DF\ T[G[ OM0L G GFBTF T[ HFT[ H T]8L HFI T[GL ZFC

HMJL HM.V[P SFZ6S[ 5|;JGL lS|IFDF\ T[ V[S DCtJG]\ 5lZA/ K[P S[8,LSJFZ ArRFG]\ DFY]\ VG[ 5U ACFZ

HMJF\ D/[ 56 DFNF 5X] 5]ZT] HMZ G SZL XS[ TM ;FDFgI B[\RYL ArR]\ ACFZ SF-L XSFI K[P 5Z\T] A/

JF5ZJFGL H~Z H6FI TM lGQ6FT jIlST l;JFI 5|ItG SZJM S[ UEF"XIDF\ CFY GFBJM lCTFJC GYLP

36LJFZ lJIF6 JBTGF\ lRgCM 5KL 56 ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL 5|;]lT G YFI TM DM8FEFU[ UEF"XI D]BSD/

B],JFGL lS|IFDF\ YTM lJ,\A S[ lGQO/TF VYJF TM UEF"XIGL VF\8L 56 CM. XS[ K[P VF ;\HMUMDF\ HM IMuI

lGNFG S[ lGJFZ6 G YFI TM ArRFG]\ UEF"XIDF\ H D]tI] YTF\ T[G]\ h[Z DFTFGF XZLZDF\ 5|;ZTF\ S[8,LSJFZ

5|;J ;DI[ H DFNF HFGJZ D]tI] 5FD[ K[ T[YL tJZLT GHLSGF 5X] lRlSt;SGM ;\5S" SZJM HM.V[P

#P ArRFGF HgD AFN +LHF TASSF DF\ VMZGM lGSF, YFI K[ H[ UEF"XIGF\ ;\SMRGMG[ ,LW[ UE"J[Q8S

Z;FO]\ZMDF\ ~lWZGM 5|JFC :YlUT Y. HJFYL VMZG]\ UEF"XI lNJF, ;FY[G]\ A\WG K]8] 50[ K[ VG[ HIFZ[ VMZ

S[ D[,L ;\5]6"56[ UEF"XIGL VF\TlZS lNJF,YL K]8L 50L HFI tIFZ[ UEF"XIGF\ :GFI]VMGF\ pU| ;\SMRGYL WLZ[

WLZ[ ACFZ B;TL HTL VMZ h05YL ACFZ WS[,FI K[ H[ lS|IF DF8[ .:8M=HG VG[ VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJM

HJFANFZ CMI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ VF TASSM # YL ( S,FS H[8,M ZC[ K[ VFD KTF\ S[8,FS lS:;FVMDF\ ( YL

!Z S,FS AFN 56 D[, VF5MVF5 lGSF, 5FD[ K[P lGIT ;DIDF\ D[, G 50[ VG[ DFTFGL T\N]Z:TL ;FZL CMI

V[8,[ S[ BFJFv5LJFG]\ ;FDFgI CMI tIFZ[ VlWZF.5]J"S D[,G[ B[\RJM S[ JHG ,8SFJJ]\ V[ IMuI GYL 5Z\T]

JWFZ[ ;DI jITLT YTM H6FI tIFZ[ 5X] lRlSt;SGL ;FZJFZ V5FJJL H~ZL K[PHM VMZqD[,LGM IMuI VG[

;\5]6" lGSF, G YFI TM DFTFGL 5|;]lT AFNGF UF/FGL ;FDFgI lS|IFVM H[JL S[ J[TZDF\ VFJJ]\4 UE"WFZ6

SZJM4 N]WDF\ JWFZM YJM JU[Z[DF\ B,[, 5CM\R[ K[P

Sl9G 5|;J AFN HFGJZMDF\ VMZ VJZMWG4 lJ,\lAT UEF"XI lGJT"G4 UEF"XIXMY VG[UE"WFZ6

YJFD\F lJ,\AG JU[Z[ ;FDFgITo HMJF D/[ K[P VF p5ZF\T S[8,LS TFtSF,LS ;FZJFZGL H~Z 50[ T[JL

;D:IFVM 56 5|;J ;DI[ pNŸEJL XS[ K[ H[D S[ IMlG S[ UEF"XI E| \X4 UEF"XI4 IMlG S[ SD/GM EFUDF\

RLZSM YJM4 ZST:+FJ YJM4 IMlGvD/FXI JrR[ RLZSM YJM4 VF\TZ0F ACFZ VFJL HJF\4

D/FXIE|\X45FK/GF 5UGM ,SJM4 VlTTLJ| UEF"XI XMY JU[Z[P p5ZMST ;D:IFVM Sl9G 5|;J ;DI[

IMuI J{7FlGS -A ;FY[GL jIJ:YF4 lGNFG VG[ p5FIYL 8F/L XSFI K[ 5Z\T] ;FY[ ;FY[ 5X]GL T\N]Z:TL VG[

:JrKTFGF\ prR WMZ6M 56 VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


56

SQ8NFIS lJIF6 DF8[GF HJFANFZ SFZ6M VG[ T[GF p5FIM

0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ



;UEF"J:YFGF V\T ;DI[ DFNF 5|;JGL lS|IF £FZF ArRFG[ UEF"XIDF\YL ACFZ ,FJ[ K[ VF JBT[ ArR]

56 AFCI JFTFJZ6DF\ HLJL XS[ T[8,]\ lJS;,] CMI K[P ArRFG[ HgD VF5JFGL VF lS|IFG[ 5|;J VYJF

lJIFH6 SC[ K[P 5|;JGM 5|FZ\E S[8,FS H8L, SFZ6MG[ ,.G[ YFI K[P H[JF S[ s!f IF\l+S pNL5Go H[DF\

UEF"XIGF :GFI]VMG]\ .:8=MHG VG[ VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJMG[ ,LW[ B[\RF6 5|FZ\EDF\ YFI K[P sZf V\To:+FJL

lS|IFVM s#f 5|lTZ1FF lJ7FGG[ ,UTL lS|IFVM V[8,[ S[ UE"VFJZ6MGL UEF"XIYL K]8F 50JFGL lS|IF 5|;JG]\

SFI" 36] H S9LG CMI K[P ;UEF" TYF 5|;JSFl,G 5|F6LVMDF\ pEL YTL D]xS[,LVMGL ;FZJFZ HM ;DI;Z G

SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM 36F\ lS:;FVMDF\ ArR] TYF DFNF AgG[G[ U]DFJJF 50[ K[P 5X]lRlSt;F ;FZJFZGF S[XMDF\

&v!_ 8SF S[XM ;UEF" TYF 5|;JSFl,G 5lZl:YT[G[ ,UTF CMI K[P H[JF S[ ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG IMGLE|\X4

5|;J 5KLGM IMGLE|\X4 UE"GL 5|;]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YlTGL V;DFGTFVM G[ ,LW[ TYF VgI SFZ6M G[ ,LW[

YI[, S9LG 5|;J4 UEF"XI lJDM8GG[ ,LW[ S9LG 5|;J4 UE"5FT4 VMZ VJZMWG 5|;J JBT[ SIFZ[S D]xS[,L

pEL YFI K[ VG[ ArR] DFNFGF 5|IF;M KTF\ HgDL XST] GYLP

VFJF S9LG 5|;JGF lS:;FVM D]bItJ[ A[ lJEFUDF\ lJRFZL XSFIP S[8,FS lS:;FVMDF\ UEF"XIDF\

50[, V\F8L 5|;JDF\ D]xS[,L pEL SZ[ K[P HIFZ[ ALHF lS:;FVMDF\ DFNFGF HGGDFU"GL ;\SL6"TF4 UEF"XIGF

:GFI]VMGL lXlY,TF4 UEF"XI U|LJF lJ:OFZ6GM VEFJ4 ArRFGL 5|;]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YlTGL

V;FDFgITFVM4 ZF1F;L UE"4 UE" VG[ UEF"JZ6MGL H,DITF JU[Z[ S9LG 5|;J DF8[ HJFANFZ CMI K[P

UEF"XIG]\ lJDM8G YJFGL S[ VF\8L 50JFYL 5lZl:YTL DM8[ EFU[ 5|;JGL X~VFTDF\ VYJF ;UEF"J:YFGF

K[<,F A[ +6 DlCGF NZdIFG pt5gG YFI K[P 8]SDF\ SCLV[ TM ArR]\ OST DFTFGF 5|IF;M £FZF G HgDL XS[ T[

5lZl:YTLG[ S9LG 5|;J SC[JFI VG[ 5lZl:YTL DF8[ A[ SFZ6M HJFANFZ K[P

s!f DFTF ;\AlWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6M

sZf UE" ;\AlWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6M

5|YD 5|SFZGF Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FDF\ Sl9G 5|;JGL 5lZl:YTL DFTFDF\ ZC[, SM. NMQFG[ ,LW[ pt5gG

YFI K[P HIFZ[ l£lTI 5|SFZGF Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"GF NMQFMG[ ,LW[ VF l:YTL pt5gG YFI K[P

DFTF ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6MDF\ D]bI GLR[ D]HA K[P

s!f zM6L U'CFGF sPelvic Cavityf GF VJZMWMo

zMl6GM NMQFI]ST VFSFZ


57

zMl6GF Vl:YVMGM Vl:YE\U VG[ T[GF 5ZL6FD[ YTL Z;M/L

;]STFG ZMUMYL lJS'T AG[, zMl6

OF.A|MDF4D[,[GMDF VG[ SFZ;LGMDF H[JL UF\9M

sZf ;UEF" UEF"XIG]\ lJ:YF5Go

UEF"XI ;FZ6UF\9

UEF"XI lJDM8G4AC] 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\ UEF"XI lX\UG]\ lJDM8G

5}J" HWGFl:Y S\0FZFG]\ T]8L HJ]\

s#f DFNFGF HGG V\UMGL lJS'lTVMo

5|FYlDS VG[ UM{6 UEF"XI VR,TF

UEF"XIU|LJFGL T\T]DITF4H0TF4;\SL6"TF VG[ T[GF :GFI]VMG]\ VlJZT ;\SMRG

UEF"XIU|LJFGF lJ:OFZ6GM VEFJ

lRZSFl,I UEF"XIU|LJF XMY

IMlGGL ;\SL6"TF

UE" ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo

s!f UE"GL 5|:T]lT4VF;G VG[ l:YlTG[ ,UTF SFZ6M

VU| 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF XLQF4UZNG TYF VFU,F 5UGL l:YTLGF NMQFM T[DH UE"GF VF;GGF NMQFM

5rK 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF 5FK,F 5UGL l:YTLGF TYF UE"GF VF;GGF NMQFM

VG]5|:Y 5|:T]lTDF\ NZ[S 5|SFZGF VlE5]Q9 TYF VeI]NZ VF;GM sZf UE"GL 5|:T]lT4VF;G VG[ l:YTL l;JFIGF UE" ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo

GFlEZHH]YL pt5gG YTM VJZMW

ZF1F;L UE"

VlTSFI UE"

JFTF:OT UE"

UE" TYF UEF"JZ6MGL H,DITF

UE"GF JF/GL VlTJ'lwW

HM0SF\ UEM" sV[S 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\f

DM8F SNGF 56 VMKF UEM" sAC] 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\f


58

5rK 5|;]lTDF\ Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo

zl6O,S VlE5]Q9 VG[ HWGFl:Y VlE5]Q9 VF;GM

5FK,F 3]\86YL J/L UI[, 5FK,F 5U

5FK,F AgG[ 5UG]\ UEF"XI ZCL HJ]\

5rK 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF lXQF"G] AFH] 5Z J/L HJ]\

VG]5|:Y 5|:T]lTG[ ,LW[ pt5gG YTL Sl9G 5|;JGL l:YTL Sl9G 5|;JGM NZ[S lS:;M V[S S8MS8L 5|;\U CMI K[P TFtSFl,S ;FZJFZ SZJF DF8[ IMuI ZLT[ lGNFG

SZJFDF\ VFJ[ T[ AC] H VUtIG]\ K[P 5X]5F,S 5F;[YL 5|;JSFl,G 5|F6L V\U[GL ;DU| DFlCTL V[S9L SZL

T[DH HFT[ T5F; SZL IMuI lGNFG SZJFYL ;FZJFZ jIJl:YT ZLT[ SZL XSFI K[P VFD SZJFYL DFNF 5|F6L VG[

ArRFG] HLJG ARFJL XSFI K[P SM.56 Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FGL ;FZJFZ SZTF 5C[,F\ 5|;JSF,LG 5|F6L

V\U[GL DFlCTL D[/JJL B]A H VUtIGL K[P VF DFlCTL DF8[ 5X]5F,SG[ GLR[ D]HAGF 5|`GM 5]KL XSFIP

s!f ;UEF"J:YFSF/ 5]ZM YIM K[ S[ 5|;J V5SJ K[m

sZf 5|F6L 5|YD JBT lJIFI K[ S[ JW] JBT lJIFIV[, K[m

s#f JW] JBT lJIFIV[, CMI TM VFU/GF lJIFH6M JBT[ SF\. TS,LO pEL YI[, K[ S[ GCLm

s$f ;UEF"jF:YF NZdIFG ;UEF" 5|F6LGL DFJHT TYF ;\EF/ S[JL ZLT[ ,[JFDF\ VFJL CTLm

s5f 5|F6LGL pNZ5L0F SIFZ[ X~ Y.m T[6[ SIFZ[ R]\SFJ] X~ SI]"m T[ ;M{dI VG[ VF\TZ[ VF\TZ[ R\]SFT] CT]\ S[

5|A/ ZLT[ JFZ\JFZ R\]SFT] CT]m

s&f 5|F6LV[ R]\SFJ] A\W SI]" K[ S[ S[Dm

s*f H,Y[,L N[BF. K[ S[ GCLmN[BF. CMI TM SIFZGL N[BFI K[m

s(f EU£FZF HGG VJIJMDF\YL 5|JFCL JCL HT\] N[BFI] K[ S[ GCLm

s)f ArRFGM SM. EFU EUMQ9 JrR[ N[BFIM CTM S[ S[Dm

s!_f SM.V[ ArRFGM 5|;J SZFJJF 5|IF; SZ[, K[ S[ GCLm

s!!f AC]5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\ V[SFN ArRFGM HgD YIM K[ S[ GCLm

s!Zf 5|F6L VFCFZ ,[ K[ S[ GCLm

p5ZGF VG[ V[JF H ALHF 5|`GM 5]KL Sl9G 5|;J lS:;FVM V\U[ 36L DFlCTL D[/JL XSFIP HM

5|;JGL X~VFT YI[ VD]S S,FS H YIF CMI tIFZ[ VG[ 5|F6L ;M{dI ZLT[VF\TZ[ VF\TZ[ R]\SFT] CMI TM DM8[ EFU[

5|;JGM l£lTI TASSM X~ YIM CMTM GYLP HM pNZ 5L0F 5|A/ CMI VG[ ,F\AM ;DI YJF KTF ArRFGM HgD

YIM G CMI TM S\.S VJZMWG[ ,LW[ VFD AGT] CMJ] HM.V[ V[D DFGL XSFIP 5|;JGL X~VFT YI[ Z$ S,FS

SZTF\ JW] ;DI Y. UIM CMI TM ArRFG]\ D]tI] YI] CX[ V[D WFZL XSFIP 5|YDJFZ lJIFTL JM0SLVM VG[

S]TZLDF\ 36LJFZ Sl9G 5|;JG]\ SFZ6 ;FDFgI CMI K[P ;C[H VlTSFI ArR] CMJFG[ ,LW[ 5|;J YIM CMTM

GYLPVFJF lS:;FVMDF\ H,Y[,L ACFZ N[BF. CMI K[P T[DH 5|F6L JFZ\JFZ R]\SFT] CMI K[43M0LDF\ 5|;JGM

l£TLI TASSM B]A H h05L CMI K[P H[G[ ,LW[ UEF"JZ6M TYF UEF"XI JrR[G]\ A\WG JC[,] T]8L HFI K[P VFYL


59

3M0LDF\ HM l£TLI TASSM ,\AF. HFI TM ArRFG]\ 5|F6JFI]GF VEFJG[ ,LW[ D]tI] YFI KP ALHF 5|F6LVMDF\

5|;JGM l£TLI TASSM V[8,M 5|A/ S[ h05L CMTM GYLP T[DH UEF"JZ6M 56 h05YL K]8F 50TF GYLP VFYL

ArR] H<NL D]tI] 5FDT] GYLP ,F\AF ;DIGF Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FDF\ 5|F6L R\]SFT] CMI K[4 UEF"JZ6MDF\G]\

5|JFCL JCL UI] CMI K[4 DFNF R]\SF.G[ YFSL HFI K[ VG[ ArR] D]tI] 5FdI] CMI K[ VG[ ,F\AM ;DI JLTL HJFG[

SFZ6[ T[DF\ R[5L HLJF6\]VFG\] 5|DF6 JWL UI] CMI K[P HM ALHF SM.V[ ArRFG[ N]Z SZJFGM V;O/ 5|IF; SZ[,

CMI TM 5X]lRlSt;S[ ;FZJFZGL xF~VFT SZTF 5C[,F HGGDFU" S[ UEF"XIDF\ SM. DM8L .HFVM YI[, K[ S[ T[

V\U[GL T5F; SZL ,[JL H~ZL K[P 5|F6LGL T5F;DF\ T[

s!f pE] K[ S[ ;]T] K[m

sZf T[ 5|;JGF 5|IF;M NZdIFG YFSL UI] K[ S[ S[Dm

s#f T[GF XZLZG]\ pQ6TFDFG4GF0LGF WASFZF VG[ `JF;M`JF; S[JF K[m

s$f T[GF IMGLDFU"DF\ TFH] ,MCL 50[ K[ S[ N]U"\W DFZTM :+FJ 50[ K[m

s5f EU VG[ IMlGDFU"DF\ ;MHFGF TYF .HFVM YJFGF lRgCM H6FI K[ S[ S[Dm

s&f EUDF\YL H,Y[,L S[ UEF"JZ6MGF EFU N[BFI K[ S[ S[Dm

s*f UEF"JZ6M ELGF K[ S[ ;]SF. UI[,Fm

s(f UE"GM SM. EFU ACFZ N[BFI K[ S[ S[Dm

JU[Z[ DFlCTL V[S9L SZJFYL Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FGL U\ELZTF lJQF[ V\NFH AF\WL XSFIP T[D H Sl9G 5|;JGL

;FZJFZ lJQF[ lJRFZJF V\U[GM bIF, VFJ[ K[P

Sl9G 5|;JGL T5F; TYF ;FZJFZ DF8[ 5X]lRlSt;S 5MTFGL :JrKTF TYF :JF:yI H/JF. ZC[ T[JM

5MXFS4 5UDF\ ZAZGF A]84 ZAZGF CFY DMHF 5C[ZJFP 5X]5F,S 5F;[ 5]ZTF 5|DF6DF\ UZD 5F6L T{IFZ

ZBFJJ]\ H~ZL K[P 5|F6LGF 5rKEFU TYF EUMQ9G[ ;FA] TYF 5F6L J0[ ;FO SZJM HM.V[P tIFZAFN IMlGDFU"

TYF UEF"XIU|LJFGL T5F; SZJL4 ArR]\ HLJ\T K[ S[ GCL T[ T[GF DM-FDF\ VF\U/L GFBL H0A]\ C,FJ[ K[ S[ GCL T[

T5F;J]P ArRGF 5UG[ 5S0L R]\8L EZJFYL T[ 5U 5FKM B[\RL ,[ K[ S[ S[D T[ GM\WJ]P HM ArRFGM 5rKEFU

HGGDFU" NFB, YIM CMI TM T[GF D/£FZDF VF\U/L GFBJFYL D/£FZGF :GFI]VMG]\ ;\SMRG YT]\ H6FI K[P

HM ArR] JFI]YL O],[,] CMI TM T[GF JF/ ;C[,F.YL GLS/L VFJ[ K[P ArRFGL SF/HL5]J"S T5F; SZL T[GL

5|:T]lT4 VF;G TYF l:YTL ;FDFgI K[ S[ S[D T[ GSSL SZJ] HM.V[P T[G]\ SN HGGDFU"DF\YL 5;FZ Y. XS[ T[D

K[ S[ S[D T[ 56 lJRFZJ] HM.V[P ArRFGM VU|EFU HGGDFU"DF\ NFB, YIM CMI TM TGF VFU,F 5U4 DFY]4

SFG VG[ UZNGL CIFTL HGGDFU"DF\ DF,]D 50 K[P HM ArRFGM 5rKEFU HGGDFU"DF\ NFB, YI[, CMI TM

HGGDFU"DF\ 5]\K0L TYF 5FK,F 5U H6F. VFJ[ K[P ArRFG[ A[ 5U HGGDFU"DF\ NFB, YI[,F CMI tIFZ[ T[

V[S ArRGF K[ S[ A[ H]NF ArRFGF K[ T[ GSSL SZJ] H~ZL K[P ZF1F;L UEM"GL l:yFTLDF\ VFU,F 5UM A[J0FI K[

VG[ XZLZGF :GFI] 5FT/F CMI K[P

5|:T]TL4 VF;G VG[ l:YlTGL BFDLVM JF/F UE" Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FVM DF8[ HJFANFZ CMI K[VFJL

5lZl:YTL DF\5|:T]TL4 VF;G VG[ l:YTLGF NMQFMG[ 5|lTSQF"64 pt5lZJT"G VG[ NMQF lGJFZ6GL lS|IFVM £FZF N]Z


60

SZL T[G[ ;FDFgI 5|:T]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YTLDF\ ,FJL ArRFGM 5|;J SZL XSFI K[P HIFZ[ ArR] HLJT] CMI tIFZ[

B]A ;FJR[TL EZL ZLT[ VF lS|IFVM SZJL 50[ K[P VF DF8[ 5|;J DF8[GF VF\S0F S[ C]SGM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P

VlTSFI UE"GL S[ JFTl:OlT UE"GL l:YTLDF\ HM 5|:T]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YTLGF NMQFM G CMI TM SQF"6 J0[ 5|;J

SZFJJFGM lJRFZ SZJM HM.V[P

HIFZ[ S]5|:T]lTG[ lGJFZJL VG[ ;]WFZJL XSI G CMI tIFZ[ VG[ HIFZ[ UE"G]\ SN B]A H DM8] CMI S[

H[YL SQF"6 £FZF T[GM 5|;J XSI G CMI tIFZ[ UE"K[NGGM VFXZM ,[JM 50[ K[P UE"K[NG £FZF ArRFGF V[ S[ A[

p5F\UM SF5L T[G]\ SN VMK] SZL XSFI K[DM8F 5|F6LVMDF\ ;LH[ZLIG 5|;J SZTF UE"K[NG JW] ;F~ 5ZL6FD

VF5[ K[P 5Z\T] HIFZ[ ArRFGL HL\NUL ARFJJFGL CMI tIFZ[ ;Lh[ZLIG 5|;J SZFJJM pRLT K[P HM ;L:8MhMD;

ZLO,[1F;4 5[ZMhMD; V[,dAL; S[ ALHF SM. 56 5|SFZGF ZF1F;L UE"G[ ,LW[ Sl9G 5|;JGL l:YTL pt5gG Y.

CMI TMVF\lXS UE"K[NG SZJFGL H~Z ZC[ K[P ;L:8MhMD; ZLO,[1F; 5|SFZGF ZF1F;L UE"DF\ DFY] VG[ 5U

zM6LU'CFDF\ V[SL ;FY[ NFB, YTF CM. UE"K[NG SZJFG\] D]xS[, AG[ K[VFJF lS:;FVMDF\ ;Lh[ZLIG 5|;J

SZFJJM plRT K[P Sl9G 5|;JGL ;FZJFZ SIF" 5KL UEF"XIDF\ S[ HGGDFU"DF\ SM. .HMVM TM 5CM\RL GYL T[

HMJ] HM.V[P V\To:GFI] .gH[SXG £FZF 5[lGl;l,G4 :8[=%8MDFI;LG S[ 8[ZFDF.;LG H[JL 5|lTH{{lJS NJFVM

VF5JL HM.V[P T[DH UEF"XIDF\ 56 VF NJFVM D]SJL HM.V[P VMZ VJZMWG YFI TM T[GL ;FZJFZ SZJL

HM.V[PDFNFG[ Z[RS 56 ;FtJLS VFCFZ VF5JM HM.V[P

VFD 5X]WGlGlZ1FSM Sl9G lJIF6 DF8[GF HJFANFZ SFZ6M ;DHL VG[ T[GF p5ZMST NXF"jIF

D]HAGF p5FIM V5GFJ[ TM VF56[ DFTF T[DH ArrFFGL lH\NUL ARFJL 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S ZLT[ DHA]T SZL

XSLV[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


61

lJIF6 ;DI[ DFNF 5X] VG[ GJHFT ArRF\ sJFKZ0F\q5F0LIF\VMf GL ;FZv;\EF/

0MP V[DP VFZP U0ZLIF

;C 5|FwIF5S4 X{1Fl6S 5X]WG OFD" ;\S],4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


!P 5|:TFJGF ov

5X]VMDF\ ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG IMuI SF/HL VG[ DFJHTG[ 5lZ6FD[ HgD 5FDTF GJHFT ArRF

sJFKZ0F\v5F0LIF\fGL IMuI SF/HL TYF ;FZL DFJHT ,[JFYL TYF H~ZL 5MQF6 VF5JFYL T[G\] VFZMuI

H/JFI K[4 DZ6 5|DF6 38[ K[ T[DH T\N]Z:T JFKZ0Fv5F0LIFDF\ .rKGLI XFZLlZS lJSF; D[/JL XSFI K[P

W6DF\ ;FZL UFIMvE[\;M T[DH ;FZF W6B]\8 D[/JJF GJHFT JFKZ0F\q 5F0LIF\GL ;FZv;\EF/ TYF X~VFTGF\

TASSFGM pK[Z B}A DCtJGF U6L XSFIP

ZP VU|JTL" ;UEF" UFIF[vE[\;F[GL DFJHT qJFKZ0F\v5F0LIFGF\ HgD 5}J["GL SF/HLo

JFKZ0F\v5F0LIF\\GL SF/HL BZ[BZ V[DGF HgD 5C[,F\YL X~ YFI K[ UFE6 UFIvE[\;G[ K[<,F NM-

DF; NZdIFG NZZMH DFYFNL9 ! YL !P5 lSPU|FP NF6 5}ZTF\ lDzRFZF p5ZF\T VF5J]\ HM.V[P V[DG[ NZZMH

V5FTF RFZFDF\ ,L,M RFZM VG[ S9M/ JU"GM RFZM VJxI VF5JMP T[DH NZZMH #_ YL $_ U|FD 1FFZ lDz6

TYF #_v$_ U|FD DL9]\ VF5J]\P UFIvE[\;GL XFZLlZS l:YlT VF\S sAM0L S\0LXG :SMZf J;}SFJJF ;DI[

DwID sVF\S # YL #P5f TYF lJIF6 ;DI[ XFZLlZS l:YlTDF\ ;]WFZM YFI sVF\S $ YL $P5 f T[JL ZLT[ 5MQF6

DFJHT VF5JLP

;UEF" UFIMvE[\;M T[DH JM0SLVMvB0[,LVMG[ VFZFDNFIS4CJFvpHF;JF/\]4 5ZM5HLJL D]ST VG[

8F- T0SFYL Z1F6 D/[ T[J]\ :JrK ZC[9F6 D/L ZC[J] H~ZL K[P lJIF6 JBT[ TFHL lJIFI[, UFI E[\; TYF

GJHFT ArRFG[ S]TZF lA,F0FvSFU0F\ YL ARFJL XSFI T[ DF8[ lJIF6GF V9JFl0IF 5C[,F H ;UEF" 5X]VMG[

lJIF6 3ZDF\ O[ZJJF HM.V[P

UFI VG[ E[\;DF\ VG]S|D[ Z(_ YL Z(5 lNJ;F[ VG[ #!_ lNJ;F[ s3[8L TYF ASZLDF\ 5 DF;f H[8,F[

UE"SF/GF[ ;DIUF/F[ CF[I K[P JF[0SLVMvB0[,LVF[ T[ ! YL Z lNJ; 8}\SF[ CF[I K[P JW]DF\ DFNF ArRFGL

;ZBFD6LV[ GZ ArRF DF8[ ! YL # lNJ; ,F\AF[ UE"SF/ ZC[ K[P

JW]DF\ *P5 YL (P5 DF;GF UE"SF/ AFN ;UEF" JF[0SLVF[vB0[,LVF[G[ N}h6L UFIF[ ;FY[ lGEFJJL

HF[.V[P T[DG[ N}h6L UFIF[vE[\;F[GF JF0FDF\ ZFBL BF6vNF64 GLZ6 VF5JFP T[DG[ N}h6L UFIF[ E[\;F[ ;FY[

NF[CGF,IDF\ ,FJL s;JFZv;F\Hf AF\WLG[4 NF6 VF5J]\P ;FYF[ ;FY T[DG[ CFYLIMqBZ[ZF[ 56 SZFJF[P JF[0SLVF[GF

5U AF\WL VFp TYF VF\R/ NF[CG SZTF CF[.V[ T[DH CFY O[ZJJF[P


62

VU|JTL" ;UEF" 5X]VF[G[ ALJ0FJJFq0ZFJJF4 DFZJF4 pxS[ZJF S[ ;F\S0F Z:TF q NZJFHFDF\YL 5;FZ

YJF N[JF GCL\P JW]DF\ T[DG[ NM0FJJF S[ B}A ,F\AF V\TZ ;]WL R,FJJF 56 GCL\P VFD SZJFYL TZJF. HJFGL

ELlT ZC[ K[P

V5[l1F6 lJIF6GF !5 lNJ; VUFpYL VU|JTL" ;UEF" DFNF 5X]G[ ZF+L NZdIFG lJIF6 3ZDF\

AF\WJFG]\ X~ SZL N[J]\ lCTFJC K[P lJIF6GL TFZLB GHLS VFJTF4 $v5 lNJ; VUFpYL4 UFI E[\;G[ ZF+L

T[DH lNJ; NZdIFG lJIF63ZDF\ AF\WL ZFBJL T[DH NZ Zv# S,FS[ T[G]\ lGZL1F6 SZTF ZC[J]\P p5IF[UDF\

,[JFG]\ lJIF6 3Z 5]ZTL CJF pHF; I]ST4 :JrK4 H\T] ZlCT TYF 5ZF/ q 3F;GL ;]SL 5YFZL WZFJT]\ CF[J]\

HF[.V[P

#P lJIF6 ;DI[ UFIvE[\;GL SF/HL o

VU|JTL" ;UEF" UFIvE[\; 5MTFGF\ 5U JFZ\JFZ EF[\ITl/I[ 5KF0JF ,FU[4 5FK/GF\ 5U 5[8 5Z

VY0FJ[4 JFZ\JFZ p9vA[; SZ[ 4 B}A A[R[GL NXF"J[ tIFZ[ T[G[ 5|;J J[NGF X~ Y. UI[, K[VG[ Z YL $ S,FSDF\

lJIF6 V5[l1FT K[ T[D ;DHJ]\P 5X]G[ B,[, G 50[ T[D N}ZYL XF\lT5}J"S lJIF6GL 5|lS=IF q 5|UlTG]\ lGZL1F6

SZJ]\P 5|;JGL 5L0F X~ YI[ Zv# S,FSDF\ ;O[N 5|JFCL EZ[, SMY/Ls5Z5M8Mf IMGL äFZGL ACFZ N[BFI K[ H[

OF8LG[ 5|JFCL GLS/L HFI K[P 5Z5F[8F[ N[BFI S[ O]8L UIF 5KL Z_ YL #_ lDGL8DF\ lJIF6 q ArRF HgDGL

lS|IF ;\5}6" Y. HFI K[P 5X]G]\ wIFGYL VJ,F[SG SZTF BFTZL SZJL S[ ArR]\ T[GL ;FDFgI l:YlTDF\ K[ S[ GlC\m

HF[ ArRFGL 5|:TlT ;FDFgI CF[I TF[ UFI E[\;G[ DNNGL H~Z ZC[TL GYLP 5Z\T] ArRFGF VFU/GF AgG[ 5U

T[DH -L\R6 p5Z DFY]\ ACFZ N[BFI tIFZ AFN UFI E[\; A/ SZ[ T[ ;DI[ C/J[YL B[\RL 5X]G[ lJIF6 5|lS|IFDF\

DNN SZL XSFIP ArRF\GL V;FDFgI l:YlT q 5|:T]lT CF[I TF[ 5X] lRlSt;S q 5X]WG lGZL1FSV[ IF[GLDFU"YL

CFY NFB, SZL UEF"XIDF\ ZC[, ArRFGL l:YlTv5|:T]lT ;FDFgI SZJL4 H[YL lJIF6DF\ ;O/TF D/L XS[P

$P lJIF6 AFN UFIMvE[\;MGL SF/HL o

lJIF6GF T]Z\T AFN UFIvE[\;G[ tJlZTvTFtSF,LS XlST D/L ZC[ T[JF[4 EFJ[ T[JF ~lRSZ4 XlST

NFIS4 VFCFZ NFPTP 3}3ZL VF5L XSFIP AFO[, AFHZL S[ H]JFZ ! SLPU|FP4 q3p\ Y],]\4 UF[/ 5__ U|FD4 T[, Z__

U|FD4 3p\ E}\;] !SLPU|FP lJU[Z[ T[DH S[8,FS UZD D;F,Fs;]JF[4 D[YL4 VHDF[4 V;[/LIM4 ;]\94 NZ[S !__

U|FDf ;FY[ lJIF6 AFN sT[DH lJIF6GF\ !_v!5 lNJ; ;]WLf VF5JFYL UFIvE[\;G[ lJIF6GF 5|;JvTF6

;FD[ 8SJFGL TYF N}3 pt5FNG 8SJF DF8[ qJ'lwW DF8[ 4 D[,L q VF[Z lGSF, T[DH UEF"XI q 5|HGG T\+DF\YL

GSFDF SRZFGF lGSF, DF8[ XlST 5|F%T YFI K[P 3}3ZL BJ0FjIF AFN UFI E[\;G[ 5LJF DF8[ 5F6L slXIF/FDF\

;C[H UZD4 C]\OF/]\ 5F6Lf ATFJJ]\ T[DH ;}SF[ ZHSF[ VG[ DSF. q H]JFZ S0A GLZJLP 5X]G[ B,[, G 50[ T[ ZLT[

lGZL1F6 SZTF ZCLG[ D[,L q VF[Z 50JFGL $v& S,FS ;]WL 5|TL1FF SZJLP D[,L G 50[ TM slJIF6GF &v(

S,FS AFNf 5X] lRlSt;S q 5X]WG lGZL1FS 5F;[ T[ N}Z SZFJJLP

UFIvE[\; T[DGL D[,L q VF[Z BFJF DF8[ B}A TLJ| .rKF WZFJTL CF[I K[P T[D SZJFDF\ T[ ;O/ YFI TF[

T[GF N}W pt5FNGDF\ 38F0F[ YJFGL XSITF ZC[,L CF[I K[P VFD AGT]\ V8SFJJF DF8[ D[,L q VF[Z S]NZTL ZLT[ 50[

q N}Z SZJFDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T]ZT H N}Z SZL4 p\0F BF0FDF\ NF8L T[GF[ lGSF, SZJF[P


63

D[,L q VF[ZGF lGSF, sS]NZTL ZLT[ 50L HFI S[ N}Z SIF"f AFN TFHL lJIFI[,L UFI E[\;GF XZLZGF

YF5F4 5FK/GF 5UGF[ p5ZGF[ EFU4 ;FY/4 5}\K0L4 VFp lJU[Z[ ;FWFZ6 UZD 5F6LYL AZF[AZ 3;LG[ WF[.

GFBJF[ T[DH S50F\ sS\TFG q SF[Y/Ff YL SF[ZF[ q :JrKf SZJF[P

lJIF6 3ZGL ELGL TYF U\NSL I]ST 5YFZL N}Z SZL4 GJLv;}SL 5ZF/GL q 3F;GL 5YFZL 5}ZL 5F0JLP

tIFZ AFN TFHL lJIFI[, UFIvE[\;G]\ NF[CG SZL4 T[G[ VFZFD SZJF N[JLP

TFHL lJIFI[,L UFIvE[\;G[ #v$ lNJ; ;]WL lJIF6 3ZDF\ ZFBJLP tIFZ AFN T[G[ VgI N}h6L UFI

vE[\;F[GF JF0FDF\ ZFBL lGEFJ SZJF[P 5Z\T] 3}3ZL q VgI BF6vNF6 TYF BF. XS[ T[JF[ ;FZL U]6JtTFGF[ RFZF[

VF5JF[P 3}3ZLGL ;FY[ NF6vBF[/ lDz SZL WLD[ WLD[ NF6vBF[/G]\ 5|DF6 JWFZTF HJ]\ VG[ V\T[ N}h6L

UFIMvE[\;F[G[ VF5JFDF\ VFJTF[ BF6vNF6 VF5JF[P T[DGL T\N]Z:TL HF/JJF VG[ pt5FNSTF 8SFJJF q

JWFZJF TFHL lJIFI[,L TYF lJIF6GF !_v!5 lNJ; ;]WL 9\0F 5JG4 JZ;FNYL4 ;LWF ;}I" 5|SFXYL Z1F6

VF5J]\ lCTFJC K[P

5P GJHFT JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFGF[ ;FZ;\EF/o

JFKZ0Fv 5F0LIF\G[ S'l+D T[DH S]NZTL ZLT[ pK[ZLG[ DM8F SZL XSFI K[4 S]NZTL pK[ZDF\ JFKZ0FG[

HgDTF\GL ;FY[ H T[GL DF\ VFU/ D}SL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ S'l+D ZLT[ pK[Z SZJFGM CMI tIFZ[ TFHF HgD[,F

JFKZ0F\G[ T[GL DF\ HM. GF HFI T[ ZLT[ HgdFTF\GL ;FY[ H T[GL DFTFYL V,U SZL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VG[ T[G[

;\5}6" V,U ZFBLG[ H 5X]5F,S £FZF T[GM pK[Z SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

5P! S]NZTL ZLT[ pK[Z o

JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFVF[G[ HgDTF\GL ;FY[ H V0WF S,FSDF\ T[GL DFTFG\] BL~ sSZF9]\f 5FJ]\ HM.V[P

5X]5F,SM VMZq D[,L G 50[ tIF\ ;]WL BL~ NMCTF GYL TYF GJHFT ArRFG[ WJ0FJTF q5LJ0FJTF GYLP VF V[S

BM8L DFgITF CM.4 lT,F\H,L VF5JL HM.V[P ;F{5|YD UFIvE[\;G[ VF\R/ T[DH AFJ,]\ C]\OF/F 5F6LYL WM.G[

5KL H UFIG[ NMCJL HM.V[ H[YL T[DF\ ;}1DH\T]VMFG]\ 5|DF6 VMK\] ZC[ K[P BL~\ JFKZ0Fv5F0LIFGL XFZLZLS

J'lwW VG[ :JF:yI DF8[ BF; H~ZL K[P BL~\ ArRFG[ 5MQF6 VG[ ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlST VF5[ K[P

BLZFDF\ Z_ YL Z! 8SF 5|M8LG K[P BL~ 4 ArRFGF\ HgD 5KL V0WF S,FSDF\ WJ0FJJ\] HM.V[P H[YL

BLZFDF\ ZC[,] .dI]u,MaI],LG sH[ ZMU5|lTSFZS K[f VF\TZ0FDF\ ;FZL ZLT[ ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL XMQFFI K[P BL~

Z[RS CMJFYL ArRFGF\ VF\TZ0F ;FO SZJFDF\ DNN SZ[ K[P HM ArRFG[ T[GL DFG]\ BL~\ D/L XS[ T[D GF CMI TM

VgI TFHL lJIFI[,L UFIvE[\;G]\ BL~ VF5L XSFI K[P BL~\ N{lGS Zv# JBT sXZLZGF JHGGF V\NFH[ (YL

!_ 8SFfGF\ 5|DF6DF WJ0FJJ]\P V[S ;FD8]\ JWFZ[ WJ0FJJFYL JFKZ0FG[ hF0F YFI K[P

5PZ S'l+D pK[Z o

S'l+D pK[ZDF\ JFKZ0FG[ HgD AFN T}T"H S\TFGYL ;FO SZL4 DM\4 SFG4 GFS VG[ VF\BGF RLS6F

5|JFCLG[ VF\U/LYL RMbBF SZJF VG[ JFKZ0FGL `JF;M`JF;GL lS|IF RF,[ K[ S[ S[D T[GL BF+L SZJLP HM


64

TS,LO H6FI TM JFKZ0FG[ KFTLGF EFU p5Z AgG[ CFY J0[ C/J] NAF6 VF5L KM0L N[JFYL `JF;M`JF;GL

lS|IFDF\ DNN YX[ VG[ JFKZ0]v5F0LI] `JF; ,[T\] YX[P JFKZ0FG[ 0]\8FGL GF/G[ A[ .\R H[8,M ZFBL NMZL AF\WJL

VYJF SFTZYL SF5L 8L\RZ VFIM0LGG]\ 5MT] ,UFJJ]\P SF5[,F 0\]8FG]\ $ v 5 lNJ; VJ,MSG SZTF ZC[J]\P HM 5FS

VYJF Z;L H6FI TM T[GL ;FZJFZ SZJLP ;FDFgI ZLT[ GF/ V9JF0LIFDF\ ;]SF.G[ BZL 50X[P GF/ SF5IF AFN

T[G\] JHG SZJ\]P

BL~ 5LJ0FJTL JBT[ JF;6DFGF BLZFDF\ VF56L VF\U6LVM AM/L ArRFGF DM\DF D}SJL VG[

ArRFG[ WLD[vWLD[ BLZFGL GHLS ,. VFJJ]P H[YL ArRFG[ ;DH 50X[ S[ BL~ DF\GF VF\R/GL H[D p5Z GCL

56 GLR[ KLKZF JF;6DF\\ K[P VFD SZJFYL V[ WLD[vWLD[ 5MTFGL HFT[ 5LTF XLBL HX[P VF ZLT[ +6 lNJ;

;]WL BL~\ 5LJ0FJJ]P BL~\ q N}W N{lGS XZLZGF JHGGF (YL !_ 8SF GF\ 5|DF6DF\ Zv# JBT :JrK JF;6DF\

5LJ0FJJ]\P

5P# VM/B G\AZ q GFD VF5JFo

DM8L UF{XF/F q TA[,FDF\ JFKZ0F\q 5F0LIF\G[ HgDTFGL ;FY[ H V[S A[ lNJ;DF\ VM/B G\AZ q GFD

VF5L N[JF H~ZL K[ H[YL JWFZ[ ArRF HgD[ TM T[DG[ V[S ALHFYL V,U VM/BL XSFI K[P 8]8].\U OMS" wJFZF

SFGGL V\NZGF EFUDF\ VM/B lRgCM sG\AZf VF5L XSFI T[G[ c88] G\AZc SC[ K[SIFZ[S JFKZ0F\G[ T[GL DFTFG[

;\A\lWT GFD 56 VF5L XSFI K[ P

5P$ GJHFT JFKZ0Fv5F0LIFVMG]\ ZC[9F6 o

GJHFT JFKZ0Fv5F0LIFVM G[ 5|lTS}/ JFTFJZ6GL VF0V;ZMYL Z1F6 VF5JF DF8[ ZC[9F6 V[S

VUtIGL H~ZLIFT K[P JFKZ0FG[ JZ;FN4 8F-4 T0SF ;FD[ 5}~ Z1F6 D/[[4 5F6L RFZF DF8[ UDF6GL jIJ:YF

;FY[G]\4 CJF pHF;JF/]v5}ZTM 5|SFX D/L ZC[ T[J] :JrK SM~\ ZC[9F6 B}A H H~ZL K[P H[YL[ JFKZ0FG[

gI]DMGLIF TYF VgI ZMUMYL ARFJL XSFIP

ZC[9F6DF\ KF5ZF GLR[4 # DF; ;]WLGF\ JFKZ0Fq 5F0LIF NL9 Z_ v Z5 RMP O]8 HuIF H~ZL K[P

5P5 ZMU 5|lTA\WS p5FIM o

GJHFT JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFDF\ YTF VG[S ZMUM 5{SL H9Z VG[ VF\TZ0FGF R[5 VG[ ;MHFG[ SFZ6[ YTF

hF0F s`J[T VlT;FZf O[O;F\GF[ ;MHM VG[ 0]\8FGM ;MHM VG[ 5FSv5~ D]bI K[P

Vf `J[T VlT;FZ ov

VF ZMUDF\ ;O[N VYJF 5L/FX 50TF ;O[N Z\UGF B}AH -L,F VG[ 5LRSFZLGL H[D hF0F YFI K[

ZMUYL 5L0FTF\ ArRF N}W 5|tI[ V6UDM NXF"J[ K[P VF\TZ0FDF\YL HLJF6]VM ;DU| ~lWZFlE;6 T\+DF\ 5|;Z6

5FDTF\ VG[ q VYJF XZLZDF\YL 5F6LG] 5|DF6 38TF\ 36F\ JFKZ0F D'tI] 5FD[ K[ VF ZMUG[ SFZ6[ HgD 5KLGF

A[ V9JF0LIFDF\ D'tI]NZ B}A H p\RM CMI K[P


65

p5FIM ov

!P UFI S[ E[\;G[ NMCTL JBT[ RFZ[I VF\R/DF\YL YM0]\ N}W sBL~f JF;6DF\ G NMCJ]\ SFZ6 S[ T[DF\

HLJF6]VMG]\ 5|DF6 B}A H JWFZ[ CMI K[P

ZP ArRFVMG[ T[GF JHGGF (v!_ 8SF JHG 5|DF6[ N}W sBL~f ;ZBF EFU[ ;JFZ v ;F\H VF5J]\P

T[GFYL JWFZ[ N}W SNF5L VF5J]\ GCLP

#P N}W C\D[XF ;FZL ZLT[ ;FO SZ[,F JF;6DF\ H 5FJ]\P

$P N}W l5J0FJJFGM ;JFZGM ;DI TYF ;F\HGM ;DI V[ AgG[ JrR[GM UF/M !Z S,FS ZFBJM H~ZL K[P

5P JFKZ0FVMDF\ V[S ALHFGF\ 0]\8F TYF J'QF6 RF8JFGL 8[J CMI K[ T[YL T[DG[ V,U V,U V[S ALHF

;]WL 5CM\RL G XS[ V[ ZLT[ JFKZ0F 3ZDF\ AF\WJFP

&P N}W 5F. NLWF 5KL NZ[S JFKZ0FG]\ DM-]\ ELGF S50FYL AZFAZ ;FO SZL4 DL9]\ R8F0J]\P

*P HLJF6]VMGM C]D,M V8SFJJF !5 lNJ;GF V\TZ[ ccVMZMO[Scc H[JL V[g8LAFIM8LS sHLJF6] GFXSf NJF

N}W ;FY[ ;/\U +6 lNJ; VF5JLP

(P GJHFT ArRFVMG[ ZFBJFDF\ VFJTL HuIF V9JF0LIFDF\ A[ JBT _P5 8SF lOGF.,YL s!_ ,L8Z

5F6LDF\ 5_ DLP,LP OLGF., GFBLf H\T]ZlCT SZJF ;FO SZJLP

)P HM JFKZ0FVMDF\ VlT;FZ DM8F 5FI[ O[,FI[, H6FI TM V;Z 5FD[,F ArRFVMG[ V,U 5F0JF VG[

JFKZ0F 3ZGF EM\IT/LI[ ! @ OLGF., s!_ ,LP 5F6LDF\ !__ DLP,LP OLGF.,f GM K\8SFJ SZJMP

Af O[O;FGM ;MHMvR[5 sgI]DMGLIFf ov

O[O;FGM ;MHM V[ JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFG[ VlT 9\0F 5JGGF hF58F\4 JFKZ0F 3ZDF\ JWFZ[ 50TM E[H sS[ H[

JWFZ[ -L,F hF0F TYF 5[XFA E[UF YJFYL YFI K[f G[ ,LW[ VYJF TM ArRF JZ;FNDF\ 5,/[ TM T[G[ ,LW[ YFI

K[P VFD YJFYL 5|YD XZNL YFI K[ VG[ T[ O[O;FGF ;MHFDF\ 5lZ6D[ K[P ArRFG[ N}W4 BL~ IF TM NJF A/5}J"S[

S[ GF/YL l5J0FJJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[ O[O;FDF\ HFI K[ VG[ gI]DMGLIF YFI K[ O[O;FGF ;MHFG[ ,LW[ ArRFG[ `JF;

,[JFDF\ TS,LO 50[ K[ VG[ T[ DZ6 5FD[ K[P

p5FIM ov

!P ArRFVMG[ AF\WJFGL HuIFV[ VlT 9\0M 5JG ;LWM G ,FU[ T[JL UM9J6 SZJL HM.V[P

ZP E[HG]\ 5|DF6 38F0JF 3p\GF E};FGL s3JFlZI]\f 5YFZL SZJLP

#P ArRFG[ JW] 9\0L ,FU[, H6FI TM ;6GF\ BF,L SMY/F VM-F/L N[JFP

$P lXIF/FDF\ sBF; SZLG[ ;JFZDF\f GA/F\ ArRFVMGL VF;5F; ;}S\\] 3F;q 5ZF/q SRZM AF/LG[ S'l+D

pQDF4 C}\O VF5JFGL jIJ:YF SZJLP

5P GJHFT ArRFVMG[ N}W 5LTF lXBJJ]\ V[ S5~ VG[ WLZH DFUL ,[ T[J]\ SFD K[ VFYL 36F\ WLZH U]DFJL

ArRFVMG[ DM-FDF\ GF/YL S[ A/5}J"S 5FJFGL SMlXQF SZ[ K[P VFGF SFZ6[ BL~ sN}Wf ;LW] O[O;FDF\

HJFYL O[O;FGM ;MHM YFI K[ T[YL ArRFG[ BL~ s N}Wf B}A H WLZHYL VG[ WLD[ WLD[ 5FJ]\P


66

Sf GFlElXZMGM ;MHM s0]\8M 5FSJMf ov

ArR] HgD[ tiFFZ[ GFlElXZF HM HgT] ZlCT G SZJFDF\ VFJ[ VG[ E[HJF/L VYJF ELGL HuIFDF\ ArR]

;TT A[;L ZC[ TM HLJF6]\VMGM R[5 ,FUJFYL YFI K[P YM0F ;DI AFN T[DF\ 5~ AGJFG]\ X~ YFI K[P VD]S

;\HMUMDF\ VCL\YL HLJF6]\VM ,MCLDF\ 5|J[X[ K[ VG[ ,MCLDF\ J'lwW 5FDTF VFBF 5Z T[GL V;Z YFI K[ VG[

D'tI] 56 GL5H[ K[P

p5FIM ov

!P HgD 5KL GJHFT ArRFGL GFlE lXZFDF\YL sGF/DF\YLf ,MCL VG[ RLS6]\ 5|JCL N}Z SIF" AFN4 Z

.\RGF V\TZ[ JWFZFGF GF/G[ SF5L GFBL YM0L JFZ ;]WL V[DH ZC[JF N[J]\P J/L 0]\8FGL VF;5F; 56

l8\SRZ VFIMl0G ,UF0J]\P VFJ] Zv# lNJ; ;]WL V[8,[ S[ 0]8L AZFAZ ;}SF. G HFI tIF\ ;]WL RF,]

ZFBJ]\P

ZP ArRFG[ AF\WJFGL HuIFDF\ 3p\GF E};FGL ;}SL 5YFZL SZJLP

0f 5ZM5HLJL ZMUM ov

GJHFT ArRFVMDF\ YTF 5ZM5HLJL ZMUMDF\ V[:S[lZIFl;; S[ H[ lGIMV[:S[ZLX GFDGF\ UM/ S'lDYL

VG[ SMS;Ll0IMl;; S[ H[ SMS;Ll0IF GFDGF V[SSMQFL 5ZM5HLJLYL YFI K[ V[ D]bI K[P V[:S[lZIFl;;DF\

5FT/F hF0F VYJF SAHLIFT YFI K[P JFKZ0F\v5F0LIF N}W VG[ BMZFS sNF6 lJU[Z[f 5|tI[ V6UDM NFBJ[ K[

TYF V;Z 5FD[,F ArRFVMGF J'lwW 5Z DF9L V;Z YFI K[P SMS;Ll0VMl;:FDF\ ,F, VYJF 3F8F SyY. Z\UGF

-L,F hF0F YFI K[P S[8,LSJFZ hF0FDF\ ,MCL HMJF D/[ K[P

p5FIM ov J;}S[, ;DIUF/F NZdIFG UFIMvE[\;MG[ S'lDGFXS NJF TYF GJHFT ArRFVMG[4 BF; SZLG[

5F0LIFVMG[ HgDGF\ !vZ lNJ;DF\ S'lDGFXS VG[ SMS;Ll0VMl;:F lJZMWL NJFVM VF5JM lCTFJC K[P

VFD4 N]WF/F 5X]VMDF\ ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG IMuI SF/HL4 lJIF6 ;DI[ T[DH lJIF6 AFN

UFIvE[\;GL ;FZv;\EF/ SF/HLGL ;FYMv;FY VF56[ HM GJHFT JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFGL H~ZL ;\EF/ ZFBL4

;FZL DFJHT VG[ 5}ZT]\ 5MQF6q VFCFZ VF5L pK[Z SZLV[ TYF 5FSF EM\ITl/IFJF/]\4 B]<,M 5JG G ,FU[ T[J]\

CJF pHF; JF/]\4 5}ZTL HuIF D/L ZC[ T[J]\ ZC[9F6 VF5LV[ VG[ T[GL :JrKTF HF/JLV[ T[DH NZ[S ZMUM DF8[

H6FJ[, p5FIM DF8[ ;HFU ZCLV[ TM JFKZ0F\v5F0LIFVF[GL T\N]Z:TL T[DH J'lwW NZ H/JFI ZC[4 VG[ T[ £FZF

JFKZ0LVMGL 5|YD lJIF6GL p\DZ 38F0L DCTD VFlY"S OFINM D[/JL XSLV[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


67

N]WF/ 5X]GL ;\J"3G 5wWlT VG[ T[GL VUtITF

0F[PVFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLPALP ;M,\SL4 0F"P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ VG[ 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F

5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4


5X];\J"3G XaNG[ K]8M 5F0LV[ TM 5X] ;DŸŸ ´ JW"G V[8,[ ;ZBF 5X]G] \ JW"G SZJ]\ VYF"T V[S 5X]DF\YL

T[GF H[J\] H ALHF 5X]G]\ H{lJS JW"G SZJ]\P 5X] ;]WFZ6FG] D]bI 5F;] IMuI ;\J"3G K[P TFH[TZDF\ H U]HZFT

;ZSFZGF V[U|LS<RZ VG[ SMvVM5Z[XG 0L5F8"D[g84 UF\WFGUZ £FZF ,F.J:8MS A|L0L\U 5M,L;L GSSL SZJFDF\

VFJLP H[GF D]bI C[T]VM VF 5|DF6[ K[P

;FZF VFG]J\lXS U]6M WZFJTL N[XL HFTMGM 5|RFZ SZJM4

JW] N]W pt5FNG VF5TL VG[ X]â HFlTGF U]6M WZFJTF 5X]VMGF ;\JW"GG[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5J]\4

ZFHIDF\ VMK] pt5FNG 3ZFJTF VG[SM.56 HFTLGF VFG]J\XLS U]6M GF WZFJTF 5X]G[ TASSFJFZ H]NL

H]NL ;\J"WG 5wWlTVMGF p5IMUYL 5X] HGLG A\3FZ6DF\ ;]WFZM SZJM4

5X] ;\JW"G DF8[GF DF5N\0 VG[ 3FZFvWMZ6M GSSL SZL T[GL DFU"NXL"SF T{IFZ SZJL4

;\SZ ;\JW"GDF\ lJN[XL VM,FNGL 8SFJFZLG]\ lGI\+6 SZJ]\4 5X] ;\JW"G 5|J'lTVMDF\ ;FD[, lJlJW

V[Hg;LVMG]\ ;\S,G SZL lNXF ;]RG SZJ]4

J\XFJ,L VG[ ;\TlT 5ZL1F6G[ VFWFZ[ 5;\NUL SZ[, ;F\-q 5F0FGM S]NZTL ;[JF VYJF S}l+D ALHNFG

£FZF ZFHIGF AWFH 5X]WGGF ;\J"WG DF8[ p5IMU SZJM4

VMKF VFG]J\lXS U]6JTF WZFJTF VG[ Z:T[ ZB0TF AF\UZF ;F\-q5F0FVMG[ VM/BL VG[ T[G[ B;LSZ6

VYJF VgI SFINFVMYL 5X] ;\JW"G 5wWlTYL N}Z ZFBJFP

U]HZFTGL JQF"vZ__*GL 5X]WG J:TL U6TZL D]HA VF56F ZFHIDF\ *) ,FB UFIM4 H[DF\ $ ,FB

H;L" SM; UFIM4 & ,FB V[RPV[OP SM; UFIM4 ! ,FB H[8,L ALHL S1FFGL lAG VM,FN JU"GL SM; UFIM V[D

S], D/LG[ !! ,FB SM; A|L0 UFIM T[DH Z ,FB 0F\UL4 !# ,FB ULZ4 Z& ,FB SF\SZ[H4 Z5 ,FB SM.56

X]wW VM,FNGF :5Q8 ,1F6M G WZFJGFZ V[D S], D/LG[ &( ,FB H[8,L N[XL UFIM GM\WF. CTLP HIFZ[ (*

,FB E[\;DF\ 5 ,FB AgGL4 !$ ,FB HFOZFAFNL4 #5 ,FB DC[;F6L4 !5 ,FB ;]ZTL VG[ !( ,FB SM.56

X]wW VM,FNGF :5Q8 ,1F6M G WZFJTL V[D S], (* ,FB E[\;M GM\WF. CTL VF8,F ACM/F 5|DF6DF\ UFIM

T[DH E[\;MGF ;\J"WG DF8[ VF56F ZFHIDF\ VG[S ;\:YFVM H[JL S[4 U]HZFT ,F.J :8MS 0[J,M5D[g8 AM0"4

EFZTLI V[U|M .g0:8=Lh OFpg0[XGsAFIOf4 H[P S[P 8=:84 !# H[8,F H]NF H]NF lH<,FGF ;CSFZL 0[ZL ;\nM £FZF

YLHJ[, ALHNFGYL UFIvE[\;DF\ S]l+D ALHNFGYL 5X] ;\J"3G SFI"S|D R,FJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[GL ;FD[

VF56F ZFHIDF\ $ ;ZSFZL VG[ # lAG ;ZSFZL YLHJ[, ALHNFG GF pt5FNG DF8[GF S[g£M VFJ[,F K[P H[

5MTFGF S[g£DF\ prR VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF H]NL H]NL HFTLGF GZ VG[ DFNF 5X]VMG[ ZFBL ;ZSFZzLGF


68

lDlGDD :8Fg00" 5|M8MSM, TYF VF.PV[;PVMPv)__ZGL DFU"NXL"SF 5|DF6[GF WFZFvWMZ6G[ VG];ZL JLI"

0Mh AGFJTF CMI K[ VG[ H]NL H]NL ;\:YFVMG[ 5X] ;\J"WG DF8[ 5CM\RF0TF CMI K[P

VF56F N[XDF\ S], UFIMGL ;\bIFDF\ DF+ !(@ UFIM H ;\5]6" X]wW N[XL VM,FNGF U]6WDM" WZFJ[ K[P

AFSLGL lGdG S1FFGL VYJF SM. RMSS; VM,FNGF 5]Z[5]ZF ,1F6M WZFJTF GYL VG[ VFJL UFIM £FZF HgD[,

;F\-GM 5X]5F,SM ElJQIGF 5X] ;\J"WG SFI"S|DDF\ p5IMU SZ[ K[P H[GF ,LW[ VF56F 5X]DF\ ZMHGM XFZLZLS

lJSF; !5_ U|FDqlNJ;4 5|YD lJIF6 &_ DlCG[ VG[ S], N]WF/ lNJ;MG]\ N]W pt5FNG 5__ lSPU|FPH[8,]

VMK] HMJF D/[ K[P H[ 5X]5F,SG[ VFHGF DM\nJFZLGF ;DIDF\ VFYL"S ZLT[ ;FRJJL G 5F,JTF T[ Z:T[ ZB0TF

Z[-LIFZ 5X] AG[ K[ VG[ ;DFHDF\ VgI 5|̀ GM pt5gG SZ[ K[P VF 5lZl:YTLG]\ lGDF"6 VF56F 5X]5F,S

lD+MDF\ ;\J"WG 5wWlTGF J{7FlGS 7FGGF VEFJ[ YI[, K[P VtIFZGL 5lZl:YTL 5|DF6[ VF56F 5X]5F,S

lD+MV[ 5MTFGF nZ[ S. HFTG]\ 5X] AF\W[, K[ T[G]\ 5]Z[5]Z] 7FG CMT] GYLP T[ S. HFTGF ,1F6M WZFJ[ K[ T[GFYL

VHF6 CMI K[ VG[ T[VM 5MTFGF 5X]G]\ ;\J"WG UFDDF\ CFHZ ;F\-q5F0FYL SZFJTF CMI K[ GF S[ ;F\-q5F0FGL

J\XFJ,L VYJF ;F\-q5F0FGL DFTFG]\ N]W pt5FNG S[8,]\ CT] T[ HM. VYJF VFJGFZ 5[-L S[8,] N]W pt5FNG

VF5X[ T[GL U6TZL SZTF CMTF GYLP T[DG]\ wIFG DF+ GZ 5X] s;F\-q5F0Ff GF AFCI N[BFJ4 Z\U4 lXU\0FGM

J/F\SM JU[Z[G[ HM.G[ ;\J"WG DF8[ p5IMU SZ[ K[ VYJF 5X] J[TZDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ S]l+D ALHNFGGF YM0F V\X[

7FGG[ ,LW[ S]l+D JLI"NFG SD"RFZL HM0[ YLHJ[, JLI"GM 0Mh D]SFJ[ K[ T[8,] H wIFG ZFBTF CMI K[ GF S[ S.

HFTGF 5X]G]\ JLI"NFG SI"]4JLI"NFG SZ[, 0MhGL U]6JTF X] CTL4 T[ 0MhDF\ JF5Z[, JLI" WZFJGFZ ;F\-q5F0FGL

DFTFG]\ N]W pt5FNG S[8,] CT] A; T[DGM VFXI TM 5MTFG]\ 5X] H<NLYL UFE6 YFI VG[ lJIF6 AFN N]W

pt5FNG VF5[ T[8,] H CMI K[P

36LJFZ UFD0FVMDF\ V[J] HMJF D/[ K[ S[ 5X]5F,S lD+M HM0[ prR HGLG A\WFZ6 WZFJT]4 JWFZ[ N]W

pt5FNG VF5T] VG[ X]wW HFTLGF ,1F6M WZFJT] 5X] CMI K[ 5Z\T] T[G]\ ;\J"WG UFDGF AF\UZF ;F\-q5F0F HM0[

VYJF DFTFG] VMK] N]W pt5FNG WZFJTF ;F\-q5F0F DF\YL pt5gG SZ[, YLHJ[, JLI" £FZF SZFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[

H[GFYL VFJGFZ VFJGFZ ;\TlTG]\ N]W pt5FNG T[GL DFTF SZTF 56 VMK] HMJF D/[ K[P VF ZLT[ HFÎ[ VHFÎ[

5X]5F,S ldF+M n6] VFlY"S G]SXFG EMUJTF CMI K[P ;FY[ ;FY[ ;FZL N[XL X]wW VM,FN WZFJTF 5X]5F,S

lD+MG[ n6F 5|`GM D]\HJTF CMI K[P H[JF S[4 X]\ VF56L N[XL UFIM VYJF E[\;M J3] N]3 pt5FNG G VF5L XS[m 4

N]3 pt5FNG JWFZL G XSFIm4 X]\ 5X]VMGL N]W pt5FNG 1FDTFDF\ VFD], 5ZLJT"G G Y. XS[m4 X]\ VF56[ N[XL

5X]G]\ lJN[XL VM,FNGF VFB,F ;FY[ ;\J"WG SZLG[ X\SZ VM,FN D[/JL ;F~ N]W pt5FNG G D[/JL XSLV[m4 X]\

VF Z:TM ;FZM VG[ 5ZL6FD ,1FL GYLm VF p5ZMST 5|`GM GF HJFA 56 —CFˆ VG[ —GFˆ AgG[ DF \ VFJL XS[ T[

56 V[S D]\HJ6 YFI T[JM 5|`G K[P HM VF56[ VF56L N[XL VM,FNG]\ ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNG HM.V[ TM ULZ

UFIDF\ !Z__ YL !(__ lSPU|FP4 SF\SZ[HDF\ !Z__ YL !$__ lSPU|FP4 D]ZFC E[\;DF\ !5__ YL Z5__

lSPU|FP4 HFOZFAFNL E[\;DF\ )__ YL !#__ lSPU|FPTYF DC[;F6L E[\;DF\ !Z__ YL !5__ lSPU|FP GM\WFI[,

K[P VFD4 p5ZMST N]W pt5FNGG[ wIFG ,. VF56[ nZ[ AF\W[, 5X]G[ T[GL ;FY[ ;ZBFD6L SZL ZFHIGL GLR[

NXF"J[, 5wWlTVM 5|DF6[ ;\J"WG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[ VR]S VF56F 5X]GF VFG]J\XLS U]6M TYF N]W

pt5FNG JWFZL XSLX\]P

TFH[TZDF\ ACFZ 5F0[, ;\J"WG GLTL D]HA ;DU| ZFHIGF 5X]VM DF8[ ;DFG ;\J"WG GLTLGM p5IMU

SZJMP p5Z H6FjIF D]HA N[XL VM,FNG]\ ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNG HM.G[ ULZ4 SF\SZ[H4 HFOZFAFNL4 DC[;F6L4


69

;]ZTL VG[ AgGL H[JL HFTMGL X]wW HF/J6L SZJLP lJlJW EM{UM,LS 5ZLA/M VG[ :YFlGS VlE5|FIG[ VFWFZ[

:YFlGS :YF5LT VM,FNMG]\ X]wW ;\J"WG VYJF V5U|[0[XG SZJ]\P VF D]HA HM 5X]5F,S X]wW VM,FNGF

,1F6M 3ZFJTL VG[ JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG JF/L UFIqE[\; ZFBTM CMI TM T[G[ X]wW ;\J"WG £FZF H[ T[ VM,FNGF H

;F\-q5F0F VYJF S]l+D ALHNFGM p5IMU SZL H[ T[ VM,FNGL ;\TlT 5[NF SZL pK[Z SZJMP NFPTP5X]5F,SGF

3Z[ X]wW VM,FNGF ,1F6M WZFJTL SF\SZ[H UFIG[ SF\SZ[H ;F\- £FZF S]NZTL ;[JF VYJF SF\SZ[H ;F\-GF YLHJ[,

JLI" 0Mh £FZF S}l+D JLI"NFG JF5ZL ;\J"WG SZJ]\ T[JL H ZLT[ ULZ UFI CMI TM ULZ ;F\- VYJF ULZ ;F\-GF

YLHJ[, JLI" 0Mh £FZF GZ 5X]GL DFTFG] N]W pt5FNG RSF;L ;\J"WG SZFJJ\] HM.V[P

HM 5X]5F,S lD+MGF 3Z[ lGdGS1FFGL lAG VM,FN JU"GF 5X] pK[Z SZTF CMI VG[ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG T[

VM,FNGF ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNG SZTF ;FDFgI pTZT] CMI tIFZ[ T[DG[ V5U|[0L\U ;L:8D £FZF X]wW VM,FNGF

;F\-q5F0F £FZF ;\J"WG SZFJJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VFJGFZ ;\TlTGL N]W pt5FNG 1FDTF T[GL DFTF SZTF JWFZ[ HMJF

D/[ K[P HM 5X]5F,S lD+M V[SND VMK] N]W pt5FNG WZFJTF 5X] S[ H[DG]\ N]W pt5FNG C0" V[JZ[H SZTF\

V[SND GLR] CMI TYF SM.56 VM,FNGF VFG]J\XLS U]6M G WZFJT] CMI T[JF 5X]G[ X\SZ ;\J"WG £FZF V,U

VM,FNGF GZ £FZF ;\J"WG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VFJGFZ 5X]GL N]W pt5FNGDF\ TZTH JWFZM XSFIP VF 5wWlT

VtIFZ[ VF56L N[XL UFIMDF\ H;L" VYJF CM[,[:8[.G VM,FNGF ;F\- £FZF ;\J"WG DF8[ B]A 5|R,LT K[P T[GF

£FZF pt5gG ;\TlTG[ X\SZ 5X] TZLS[ VM/BJFD\ VFJ[ K[ VF 5|YD 5[-LGL ;\SZ UFIG] N]W pt5FNGDF\ 36M

JWFZM YIM CMI T[D HF6JF D/[ K[P 5Z\T] VF N]W pt5FNGGM JWFZM 5[-L NZ5[-L 8SL ZC[TM GYLP VF DF8[ T[G[

OZLYL ;\SZ ;F\-YL O[/JJL HM.V[P GJL 5X];\J"WG GLTL D]HA ;\SZ HFTLGL pt5FNG 1FDTFDF\ OZLYL JWFZM

YFI T[ DF8[ T[G[ ALHLJFZ VFG]J\XLS ZLT[ Rl-IFTF U]6M WZFJTF ;\SZ HFlTGF ;F\-GM p5IMU SZL ;\J"WG SZJ]

HM.V[ VG[ ;\SZ HFTLDF\ lJN[XL VM,FNGL 8SFJFZL &ZP5 8SFYL JW[ GCL T[GL SF/HL ZFBJLP

E[\;MG]\ X]wW ;\J"WG J\XFJ,LGF VFWFZ[ 5;\NUL SZ[, VG[qVYJF VM,FN RSF;6LYL 5;\NUL SZ[,

5F0FYL H SZJ]\ HM.V[P SM.56 VM,FNGF VFG]J\XLS U]6M G WZFJTL E[\;M GF VFG]J\XLS U]6MDF\ JWFZM SZJF

X]wW4 prR HGLG U]6M WZFJTF N[XL 5F0FYL ;\J"WG SZJ]\P

ZFHI ;ZSFZ £FZF ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFJ[, GJL ;\J"WG GLTLDF\ ;\J"WG DF8[ ;F\-q5F0FGL 5;\NUL

DF8[GF DF5N\0M 56 GSSL SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[ VF GLTL D]HA H[;F\-q5F0FGL DFTFG]\ N]W pt5FNG TYF N]WDFGL

RZALGL 8SFJFZL GLR[ SMQ8SDF\ NXF"jIF D]HAGL VYJF T[YL JW] CMI T[G[ S]NZTL ;[JF VYJF S]l+D ALHNFG

DF8[ JF5ZJFP

G:,sVM,FNf DFTFG]\ N}W pt5FNG slSPU|FPf

5|YD `F|[Q9 RZAL GL 8SFJFZL

ULZ Z$__ #___ $P5

SF\SZ[H Z___ Z5__ $P5

0F\UL $__ 5#_ $

DC[;F6F Z$__ #___ *

HFOZFAFNL Z(__ #5__ (

;]ZTL !&__ Z___ *

AgGL Z$__ #___ *


70

VF GLTLDF\ SM.56 UFDqUM{XF/Fq5F\HZF5M/DF\ ;F\-q5F0FG[ pD[ZTF 5C[,F T[GF HFTLI VFZMuI4

;FDFgI VFZMuI4 DFTFG]\ N]W pt5FNG 5X]5|HGG V\UMGF VFZMuIGL RSF;6L :YFlGS 5X]lRlSt;F VlWSFZL

HM0[ SZFJL4 T[GL GM\W6L SZLG[ H ;\J"WG SFI"S|DDF\ D]SJFPJQF"DF\ V[S JFZ 5X]5|HGG £FZF O[,FTF ZMUM H[JF S[

1FI4 R[5L hF0F VG[ R[5L UE"5FTGL ;\J"WG IMuI ;F\-q5F0FGL T5F; SZFJJLP ;\UM+LI ;\J"3G V8FSFJJF

DF8[ NZ +6 JQF[" O/Fp ;F\-q5F0FG[ AN,L GFBJFP O/Fp ;F\-q5F0FYL pt5gG YI[, JFKZ0Lq5F0LDF\ T[ H ;F\-

q5F0FGF p5IMUYL YT] V\FTZ ;\J"WG V8SFJJF DF8[O/Fp ;F\-q5F0F AN,FJJF B]A H H~ZL K[P S}l+D

ALHNFGGF lS:;FDF\ J5ZFI[, S}l+D JLI"NFG 0Mhq:8=M p5ZYL O/Fp ;F\-q5F0FGF G\AZGL GM\W6L SZL4 OZLYL

T[GM p5IMU VF\TZ ;\J"WG DF8[ G YFI T[GL SF/HL ZFBJLP ZFHI ;ZSFZ £FZF ;\J"WG GLTLDF\ JQF"vZ_ZZ

5KL ;\TlT 5ZL1F6GF VFWFZ[ l;wW YI[, prR VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF ;F\-q5F0F JF5ZJF DF8[ GM VFU|C

ZFBJFDF\ VFjIM K[P

CF,DF\ VF56F ZFHIGL 5F\R D]bI VM,FNM H[JL S[ ULZ4 SF\SZ[H4 DC[;F6L4 HFOZFAFNL VG[ AgGLDF\

;\TlT 5ZL1F6GL X~VFT ;ZSFZLqALG ;ZSFZL VYJF VgI ;\:YFVM £FZF X~VFT SZJF CFS, SZF. K[P

CF,GF TASS[ J\XFJ,LG[ VFWFZ[ 5;\NUL 5FD[, ;F\-q5F0FGM ;\J"WG SFI"S|DDF\ p5IMU DF8[ H6FJ[, K[P JLI"

pt5FNG SZTF S[g£MG[ 56 VF GLTL D]HA EFZT ;ZSFZ £FZF GSSL SZJFDF\ VFJ[, :8Fg00" VM5Z[8L\U

5|lS|IFsV[;PVMP5LPf TYF DLGLDD :8Fg00" G]\ 5F,G SZL JLI"GF 0Mh pt5FNG SZJFG\] ZC[X[ ;FY[ H{lJS ;]Z1F

VG[ ;ZSFZzLGL UF.0 ,F.G D]HA GSSL SZ\, HLJF6]qlJQFF6]G]\ 5ZL1F6G[ GLIDLT VG];ZJFG\] ZC[X[P S}l+D

JLI"NFGGL ;[JF AHFJTL ;\:YFVMV[ DF+ V[ VYJF AL D]<IF\SG WZFJTF JLI" pt5FNG STF" S[g£M £FZF

pt5FlNT :8=Mq0Mh GM p5IMU S]l+D JLI"NFGDF\ SZJFGM ZC[X[P S]l+D ALHNFGGM O[,FJM #_@ YL JWFZL

JQF"vZ_ZZ ;]WL &&@ ;]WL ,. HJF 5|ItG SZJMPElJQIGF ;\J"WG IMuI ;F\-q5F0FGF pt5FNG VG[ ;\TlT

5ZL1F6 SFI"S|D DF8[ S]l+D ALHNFGGM O[,FJM SZJM H~ZL K[P S]NZTL ;[JFGM ,FE B]AH N]Z:T VG[ N]U"D

UFD0FDF\ HIF\ S}l+D ALHNFGGL ;UJ0GF CMI tIF\ H SZJMP HM ZFHIDF\ 5X]5|HGGq;\J"WG ;FY[ ;\S/FI[,

;\:YFVMV[ lJN[XDF\YL VYJF N[XGF VgI ZFHIMDF\YL YLHJ[, JLI" VYJF ;\J"WG IMuI ;F\-q5F0F D[/JJFGF

YFI TM T[ p5Z SMQ8SDF\ NXF"jIF D]HA ,3]TD WMZ6M SZTF VMKFDF\ VMKF #_@ JWFZ[ WMZ6M WZFJTM CMJM

HM.V[ TYF H[ ;\:YF 5F;[YL T[ D[/JJFGF YFI T[ ;\:YFVM VMPVF.P.PGL DFU"NXL"SF G[ VG];ZTL CMJL

HM.V[P

VFD HM :YFlGS 5X] lRlSt;SF VWLSFZL4HL<,F 5\RFITGF GFIA lGIFDSzL S}l+D ALHNFG TYF

;\J"WG ;FY[ ;\S/FI[, ;\:YFVM VYJF 5X]5F,SM ;FY[ ;LWF ;\5S"DF\ ZC[TF UM5F,lD+M4 S}l+D JLI"NFG

SD"RFZL lD+M4 5X]WG lGZ1FSM p5ZMST ;\J"WG GLTL VG[ p5IMUYL YTF OFINFVMYL 5X]5F,SMG[ DFCLTUFZ

SZL T[GF V;ZSFZS VD, DF8[ ;DHFJJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[ J{l`JS :TZ[ OST 5X]WGGL ;\bIF HMZ[ D[/J[,

N]W pt5FNGDF\ 5|YD :YFGGL HuIFV[ 5X]NL9 N]W pt5FNGGF\ HMZ[ lJ`JDF\ 5|YD :YFG D[/JJF TZO 5|IF6

SZL XSLX]\P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


71

5X]VMDF\ UE"5FTGF SFZ6M VG[ T[G[ V8SFJJFGF p5FIM

0LP ALP AFZ0*4 S[P ALP JF/F VG[ VFZPH[P ZFJ,

* J[8ZGZL DF>S|MAFIM,MHL lJEFU4 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4 5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


5X]VM lGIDLT ZLT[ UEF"J:YF WFZ6 SZL :J:Y ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ T[ GOFSFZS 5X]5F,G DF8[ B]A

H~ZL K[P 5Z\T] S[8,FS ZMUMGF ;\S|D6YL 5X]VM ;DI;Z UZDLDF\ G VFJJF4 JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZJF4 A[

lJIF6 JrR[GM ;DIUF/M JWL HJM TYF UE"5FT H[JL ;D:IFVM ;HF"I K[P H[YL N]W pt5FNGDF\ 38F0M YFI

K[4 ;FZJFZGM BR" JW[ K[ VG[ 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S G]SXFG YFI K[P

UE"5FT V[8,[ UE"G]\ UEF"XIDF\YL V;FDFgI ZLT[ ACFZ O[\SF. HJ]\ VYJFTM UEF"J:YFGF SM.56

TASSFDF\ D'T UE"G]\ UEF"XIDF\YL ACFZ O[\SF. HJ]\P 5X]VMDF\ UE"5FTGF VG[S SFZ6M HJFANFZ K[P H[DFG]

D]bI SFZ6 ;\SF|DS ZMUM K[P ;\SF|DS ZMUMYL YTF UE"5FTDF\ lHJF6]4 lJQFF6]4 5|HLJ TYF O]UYL YTF

UE"5FTGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P VFDFGF S[8,FS ZFUM ;F\;UL"S ZLT[ 56 O[,FI K[P H[YL :J:Y 5X]VM 56

R[5U|:T YFI K[ TYF ZMUGL U\ELZTF B]AH JWL HFI K[P VFJF ZMUMG]\ ;DI;Z lGNFG4 ;FZJFZ TYF T[G[

V8SFJJFGF p5FIM SZJF VtI\T VFJxIS K[P UE"5FTGF lJlJW SFZ6M4 ,1F6M TYF T[G[ V8SFJJFGF

p5FIMGL DFlCTL GLR[ D]HA VF5[,L K[P

s!f R[5L UE"5FT sA|];[<,M;L;f ov

VF ZMU UFIvE[\;4 3[8F\4 ASZF TYF E]\0D\F HMJF D/TM R[5L ZMU K[P H[ A|];[<,F V[AM8"; TYF

A|];[<,F D[,L8[g;L; 5|SFZGF HLJF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMUGF HLJF6]VM ZMULQ8 5X]VMGF UE"FXIGF

:+FJ wJFZF JFTFJZ6D\F E/[ K[ VG[ JFTFJZ6D\F 36F ,\FAF ;DI ;]WL HLJLT ZCL XS[ K[P T\N]Z:T

5|F6LVMD\F 5|N]lQFT 3F; 5F6L wJFZF4 V\FBM wJFZF4 RFD0L wJFZF VYJF TM `JF; ,[TL JBT[ VFHLJF6]VM

XZLZD\F NFB, YFI K[P VF p5Z\FT ZMULQ8 GZ 5X]GF S'l+D JLI"NFG wJFZF 56 DFNF 5X]D\F VF ZMUGM O[,FJM

YFI K[P

VF ZMUD\F UEF"J:YFGF *v) DF;GF ;DIUF/F NZdIFG UE"5FT YJM T[ D]bI ,1F6 K[P VF p5Z\FT

UE"FXID\F ;MHM VFJJM4 VMZ G 50JL TYF V[S H 5X]D\F JFZ\JFZ UE"5FT YJM JU[Z[ lRgCM HMJF D/[ K[P

HIFZ[ GZ 5X]VMD\F X]S|l5\0D\F ;MHM4 TYF J'QF6SMY/L ;}HL HJL T[ D]bI ,1F6M HMJF D/[ K[P

& YL * DF;GL p\DZGL DFNF ArRFG[ HM Z;LSZ6 SZJFD\F VFJ[ TM T[VM HIFZ[ 5]bTTF WFZ6 SZ[ tIFZ[

VF ZMU ;FD[GL 5|lTSFZS XlST 5}ZTF 5|DF6D\F CM. ZMU ;FD[ VFHLJG ,0L XS[ K[P VF Z;L A|];[<,F SM8G

:8=[.Gv!) TYF VFZPALP 5! K[P


72

sZf ,[%8M:5F.ZM;L;

VF ZMU ,[%8M:5F.ZF CF0"HM TYF ,[%8M:5F.ZF 5MDMGF 5|SFZGF HLJF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF

ZMUGF lHJF6]VM R[5U|:T 5X]GF D}+DF\ 36F ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL pt;HL"T YTF CMI K[P VF ZMUG]\ ;\S|D6 D]B4

`JF; TYF HBD NJFZF Y. XS[ K[P VF ZMUDF\ TFJ4 hF0F TYF D}+DF\ ,MCL VFJJF H[JF ,1F6M HMJF D/[ K[P

VF ZMU Z5 YL #_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;\S|D6 YIFGF & V9JF0LIFDF\ VG[ DM8[

EFU[ *v) DF; NZdIFG UE"5FT YFI K[P

VF ZMUG[ lGIDLT JFlQF"S Z;LSZ6YL V8SFJL XSFI K[P 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6G[ lHJF6] D]ST SZJ] TYF

p\NZ H[JF HLJMGL J:TL 5Z SFA] ZFBJMP

s#f S[d5F.,MA[S8[ZLIM;L; sJLA|LVM;L;f

VF ZMU S[d5F.,MA[S8Z OL8; 5|SFZGF HLJF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMUGM O[,FJM S]NZTL

;DFUD NJFZF S[ R[5U|:T lJI"YL S'l+D ALHNFG SZJFDF\ VFJ[TM YFI K[P VF ZMUDF\ C\UFDL J\wItJ4

UE"5FT4 ;DI;Z UZDLDF\ G VFJJF4 JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZJF TYF IMGLDFYL V;FDFgI :+FJ 50JM H[JF

,1F6M HMJF D/[ K[P

VF ZMU 5 YL Z_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;\S|D6 YIFGF 5 YL & DF;DF\ UE"5FT YFI

K[P VF ZMU D]bItJ[ 5|HGG DF8[ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFTF R[5U|:T ;F\- S[ 5F0F NJFZF O[,FTM CMJFYL T[GF lGIDLT

JFlQF"S Z;LSZ6YL TYF ;\S|DLT UE"FXIGF :+FJGF ;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6 lJ:TFZG[ lHJF6] D]ST

SZJJYL V8SFJL XSFI K[P

s$f ,L:8[ZLIM;L;

VF ZMU ,L:8[ZLIF DMGM;FI8MHLGL; 5|SFZGF HLJF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMUGM O[,FJM N]lQFT

VFCFZ VG[ 5F6L TYF HBD S[ .HF NJFZF YFI K[P VF ZMUDF UE"5FT4 E'6GFX TYF R[TFT\+G[ ,UTF lRgCM

HMJF D/[ K[P UE"5FTG]\ 5|DF6 ALHF ZMUMGL ;ZBFD6LDF\ VMK]\ HMJF D/[ K[P

;UEF"J:YFGF & YL * DF\ DF;DF\ UE"5FT YFI K[P VF ZMU V8SFJJF N]lQFT 3F\;RFZM TYF 5F6L

5X]VMG[ G VF5J]\4 ;\S|DLT 5X]VMG[ V,U ZC[9F6DF\ ZFBL T[DGL h05L ;FZJFZ SZJL TYF ;\S|DLT

UE"FXIGF :+FJGF ;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6 lJ:TFZG[ lHJF6] D]ST SZJMP

s5f .gO[S;LI; AMJF.G ZCLGM8=[SF.8L;

VF ZMU AMJF.G C5L"; JFIZ;v! 5|SFZGF lJQFF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMU `J;GT\+ NJFZF

TYF HG[lgN=VM NJFZF O[,FI K[P VF ZMUDF UE"5FT4 IMGLDFU"GM ;MHM TYF `J;GT\+G[ ,UTF lRgCM HMJF

D/[ K[P VF ZMU Z5 YL 5_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P


73

;UEF"J:YFGF * YL ) DF\ DF;DF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P VF ZMUDF\ ;\S|DLT 5X]VMDF\ VFHLJG R[5

ZC[TM CMJFYL VFJF 5X]VMG[ VgI :J:Y 5X]VMGF 8M/FDF\YL V,U TFZJJF4 ;\S|DLT UE"FXIGF :+FJGF

;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6 lJ:TFZG[ lJQFF6] D]ST SZJM TYF lGIDLT Z;LSZ6YL VF ZMUG[ V8SFJL

XSFI K[P

s&f 8=F.SMDMGLVF;L;

VF ZMU 8=F.SMDMGF; OL8; 5|SFZGF 5|HLJMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMU S]NZTL ;DFUD VYJF S'l+D

ALHNFG NJFZF GZYL DFNFDF\ S[ DFNFYL GZDF\ O[,FI K[P VF ZMUGF ,1F6MDF\ UE"5FT4 D[8=F.8L;4 IMGLDFYL

V;FDFgI :+FJ 50JM TYF E'6GFX HMJF D/[ K[P

VF ZMU 5 YL #_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF Z YL $ DF\ DF;DF\ UE"5FT

YFI K[P VF ZMU V8SFJJF 5F0F S[ ;F\-G[ ;\JW"G sA|L0L\Uf DF8[ p5IMU DF\ ,[TF 5C[,F T[GL RSF;6L SZJL

TYF UE"5FT YI[, DFNFG[ 56 RSF;L IMuI ;FZJFZ VF5JLP VF ZMU DF8[ SM. V;ZSFZS Z;L p5,AW

GYLP

s*f O]UHgI UE"5FT

VF ZMU V[:5HL",; OI]DLU[8;,4 S[g0L0F TYF ZF.hM5; 5|SFZGL O]UYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF O]U

`JF; S[ N]lQFT VFCFZ NJFZF 5X]VMGF XZLZDF\ 5|J[X[ K[ VG[ ZSTDFU"[ HGG VJIJMDF\ 5|J[XLG[UE"5FT

lG5HFJ[ K[P VF ZMUDF\ VMZ 5L/F VG[ 5lZU,LT 5NFY" H[JL N[BFI K[P

VF ZMU # YL * 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF & YL ( DF\ DF; NZdIFG

UE"5FT YFI K[P O]UHgI UE"5FTDF\ DM8[EFU[ 5X] ;\5]6" J\WI AGL HFI K[P VF ZMU DF8[ SM. V;ZSFZS

Z;L p5,AW GYLP UE"5FT AFN 5X] ZC[9F6G[ :JrK SZJ]\ TYF ;\S|DLT 5X]GL IMuI ;FZJFZ SZJL lCTFJC

K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


74

5X]5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU

0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ, 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4


5X]5|HGG Ù[+DF\ V<8=F;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU V[ V[S V[JL VtIFW]GLS XMWBM/ K[ S[ H[GF YSL

wJGLGF TZ\UMGL DNNYL 5X]5|HGG VJIJMGM VeIF; SZL T[G[ ;\,uG DFlCTL V[S+ SZL H~ZL lJlJW

ZMUMG] GLNFG SZJFDF\ DCtJGL S0L ;FALT Y. ZCL K[P J/L VF 5âTLDF\ wJGLGF TZ\UM GM p5IMU YTM CM.

H[DF\ SM. 56 5|SFZGF ;FWGGL XZLZGL V\NZ pTFZJFGL H~Z GYL4 ÙvlSZ6MGM BTZM GYL VG[ lGNFG 56

h05L VG[ T]Z\T H Y. XS[ K[ T[YL VgI 5âTLGL ;ZBFD6LDF\ VF 5âTL 36L H ;Z/ VG[ ;]ZÙLT K[P

V<8=F;Fpg0 V[ B}A H prR VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF VJFHGF TZ\UM K[ H[ 5MTFGL TLJ| UlTG[ SFZ6[ ;F\E/L

XSTF GYLP VF TZ\UMGM p5IMU X~VFTDF\ NlZIFGL p\0F. DF5JFDF\ YTM CTMP ALHF lJ`JI]wW AFN T[GM

p5IMU DFGJ lJ7FG 1F[+[ SZJFDF\ VFjIMP


75

V<8=F;MGMU|FOLGM SFI" l;wWF\T o

HIFZ[ V<8=F;Fpg0 ;MGMU|FOL DXLGDF\ JLH5|JFC 5;FZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ T[G[ HM0FI[,F

8=Fg:0I];ZDF\ l5hM.,[S8=LS lÌ:8,GM VFSFZ AN,FI K[ VG[ wJlG pt5gG YFI K[4 H[GL DF+F ! YL !_

D[UFC8"ŸhGL CMI K[P VF wJlG TZ \UM HIFZ[ HFGJZGF XZLZGF SM. V\UqEFU ;FY[ VY0F.G[ 5ZFJlT"T Y.

5ZT VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ 5|lTlA\AGF ~5DF\ HM. XSFI K[P

HFGJZGL 5[XLVMDF\ ZC[, 5|JFCL H[J]\ S[ 5]8S 5|JFCL sOM,LSI],Z O<I].0f VMZG\] 5|JFCL4 ~lWZ VG[

V[Sh]0[8 JU[Z[ VJFHGF ;}1D TZ\UMG\] 5ZFJT"G SZL XSTF GYL V[8,[ S[ T[VM GMG .SMH[lGS s503M G 50[

T[JMf K[P T[YL 5[XLVMDF\ ZC[, 5|JFCL 50NF 5Z SF/F 50KFIF ~5[ HMJF D/[ K[P GSSZ 5[XLVM H[JL S[ CF0SF\4

DF\;5[XLVM4 T\T]5[XLVM JU[Z[ T[DGL VJFHGF TZ\UM 5ZFJT"G SZJFGL ;\ZRGFG[ SFZ6[ VYJF VJFHGF

TZ\UMG[ H]NL H]NL DF+FDF\ 5FKF WS[,JFGL 1FDTFG[ SFZ6[ E]BZF4 SF/F S[ ;O[N Z\UGF 50KFIF ~5[ 50NF 5Z

HMJF D/[ K[P

prR VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF 8=Fg:0I];Z JW] DFlCTL VF5[ K[ 5Z\T] T[G]\ V\ToK[NG VG[ NxI lJ:TFZ GFGM CMI

K[ HIFZ[ GFGL VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF 8=Fg:0I];Z JW] V\To K[NG VG[ DM8M NxI lJ:TFZ NXF"J[ K[ 5Z\T] VMKL DFlCTL

VF5[ K[P

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF T5F; SZJFGL 5wWlT o

U]NF DFZOT[ ;MGMU|FOL SZJF DF8[ ;F{ 5|YD HFGJZG[ 3M0LDF\ pEL l:YTLDF\ AF\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

tIFZAFN U]NFDF\ CFY NFB, SZL U]NF DFU"DF\ ZC[, D/ BF,L SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P CJ[ ZAZGF SMg0D J0[ -F\S[,F

5|MAG[ S5,L\U H[,L ,UFjIF AFN U]NFDF\ NFB, SZL T5F; SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ACFZYL 5[8 ãFZF SZJFDF\ VFJTL

;MGMU|FOLDF\ H[ V\U[GL ;MGMU|FOL SZJFGL CMI T[G[ ;];\UT ACFZGM EFU JF/ SF-LG[ ;FO SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[

VG[ tIFZAFN T5F; SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

5X]5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU

5X] 5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU UE" 5lZ1F64 UE":YArRF\GM HFlT 5lZ1F64 UE":Y ArRF\GL

T5F;4 V\0l5\0GL lJlJW ZRGFVM T[DH 5X] 5|HGGT\+GF lJlJW ZMUMGF lGNFG DF8[ YFI K[P

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE" 5lZ1F6 o

UFIvE[\;DF\ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF !_ YL &_ lNJ;GF ;DI UF/FGF UE" 5lZ1F6 YIF CMJFGF lS:;FVM

GM\WFI[,F K[P UE":Y ArRF\GF CNIGF WASFZF UEF"J:YFGF Z& YL Z) lNJ;GF ;DIUF/FDF\ HF6L XSFI K[P

VF\BM4 DUH4 CNI4 5[8 JU[Z[ H[JF V\UM T[DGL 5F6L EZ[,L ZRGFGF SFZ6[ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;Z/TFYL HM.

XSFI K[P UEF"J:YFGF X~VFTGF ;DIDF\ UE" 5lZ1F6 DF8[ 5 YL *P5 D[UFC8"Ÿh GL TZ \U ,\AF. JF/F

8=Fg;0I];ZGF p5IMU YFI K[ HIFZ[ UE":Y ArRF\GF VF\TZLS V\UMGL T5F; DF8[ # YL #P5 D[UFC8"Ÿh GL

TZ\U ,\AF. JF/F 8=Fg;0I];Z J5ZFI K[P


76

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF HFlT 5lZ1F6 o

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE":Y ArRF\GL HFlT UEF"J:YFGF 5_ YL !__ lNJ; JrR[GF ;DIUF/F NZdIFG

HF6L XSFI K[P UEF"J:YFGF $(v$) DF\ lNJ;[ H[GF.8, 8I]AZS, UEF":Y ArRF\GF 5FK/GF 5U JrR[

CMI K[P HM UE":Y ArR\] GZ CMI TM VF 8I]AZS, UEF"J:YFGF V\NFHLT 5& DF\ lNJ;[ 0}\8FGL GF/ GHLS

5CM\R[ K[ VG[ HM UE":Y ArR\] DF\NF CMI TM VF 8I]AZS, UEF"J:YFGF V\NFHLT 5$ DF\ lNJ;[ 5}\K0L GHLS

5CM\R[ K[ H[ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;C[,F.YL HF6L XSFI K[P

V<8=F;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE":Y ArRF\GF lJlJW V\UMGL ZRGFVM S[8,F lNJ;[ HM. XSFI K[ T[GL DFlCTL

GLR[GF SMQ8SDF\ VF5[, K[P

UE":Y ArRF\GF V\U q

ZRGF

UEF"J:YFGF\ lNJ; UE":Y ArRF\GF

V\U q ZRGF

UEF"J:YFGF\

lNJ;

E'6 !)vZ$ 5FK/GF 5U #_v##

CNIGF WASFZF !)vZ$ %,[;[g8Md; ##v#(

5F6LGL SMY/L ZZvZ5 5UGL BZLVM $Zv$)

SZM0ZHH] Z&v## ArRFG\] C,GR,G $Zv5_

VFU/GF 5U Z(v#! 5F\;/LVM 5!v55

VF\BM Z)v##

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF V\0l5\0G\] 5lZ1F6 o

DFNF 5X]GF J[TZ RS|GF VeIF; DF8[ V\0l5\0GL SFI"UlT VG[ T[GL lJlJW ZRGFVMGL HF6SFZL B}A H

VUtIGL K[P V\0l5\0GL lJlJW ZRGFVM VG[ T[GL SFI"UlT ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;C[,F.YL VG[ B}A ;FZL ZLT[

HF6L XSFI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ V\0l5\0GF 5lZ1F6 DF8[ 5 YL ( D[UFC8"ŸhGL TZ \U ,\AF.JF/F ,LGLIZ V[Z[

Z[S8, 8=Fg;0I];ZGM p5IMU YFI K[P ;F{ 5|YD UFIvE[\;G[ 3M0LDF\ pEL ZFBL jIJl:YT ZLT[ AF\WJFDF\ VFJ[

K[ tIFZAFN HFGJZGL U]NFDF\YL D/ N}Z SZL Z[S8, 8=Fg;0I];Z DFNF HFGJZGL U]NFDF\ NFB, SZJFDF\ VFJ[

K[P CJ[ 8=Fg;0I];ZG[ V\0l5\0 5Z ZFBL T[GL AWL AFH]VM T5F;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF D}+FXI GMG

.SMH\lGS sSF/F Z\UG\]f N[BFI K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF V\0l5\0 UM/ S[ ,\AUM/ E}BZF Z\UGL ZRGF D}+FXIGL A\G[

AFH] N[BFI K[P V\0l5\0 5Z HMJF D/TL GMG .SMH\lGS sSF/F Z\UGLf ZRGFG[ OM,LS, SC[ K[P

;MGMU|FOL ãFZF 5X] 5|HGGT\+GF ZMUMG\] lGNFG o

;L:8LS VMJZL GF lGNFG DF8[ V<8=F ;MGMU|FOL V[ B}A VUtIG\] ;FWG K[P V<8=F;MGMU|FOL ãFZF

OM,LSI],Z ;L:8 DM8L sZ5v55 DLPDLf VG[ 5FT/L NLJF, JF/L CMI K[P HIFZ[ <I]8LI, ;L:8DF\ NLJF,

HF0L sZ v 5 DLPDLPf CMI K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UEF"XIG[ ,UTL lADFZLVM H[JL S[ UEF"XIGM ;MHM4

UEF"XIGL UF\94 DDLOF.0 E'64 D[;Z[8[0 E'6 JU[Z[ G]]\ ;C[,F.YL lGNFG Y. XS[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


77

;F\-q5F0FG]\ JLI" V[S+LSZ64 5'yYSZ6 VG[ JLI" YLHJ6L V\U[GM 5|FIMULS VeIF;

0MP V[;PV[GP 3M0F;ZF

DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4 5X] pK[Z S[g§4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P

;F\- VG[ 5F0FDF\YL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[GL 36L AWL 5wWTLVM K[P H[DF\YL BF; SZLG[ S'l+D

IMGL N=FZF4 .,[S8=LS SZ\8 N=FZF :B,G sElectroejaculationf VG[ D;FR sMassagef N=FZF lJI"G]\

V[S+LSZ6 SZJFGL 5wWlTGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[DF\YL ;F{YL ;Z/4 VG]S]/ VG[ ;F{YL JWFZ[

p5IMUDF\ ,[JFTL 5wWTL S'l+DIMGL N=FZF lJI" V[S+LSZ6GL K[P

s!f S'l+DIMGL N=FZF lJI" V[S+LSZ6 sArtificial Vaginaf

VF V[SND ;Z/4 VG]S]/4 ;]Z1FLT VG[ ;J" DFgI 5wWTL K[P H[GM p5IMU DM8FEFU[ VFBF lJ`JGL

V\NZ 5F,T] 5X]VMDF\YL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

VF 5wWTLYL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ RFZ D]NFVM p5Z wIFG VF5J]\ H~ZL K[P

Af ;F\- q5F0FG[ T{IFZ SZJF ov

lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZTF 5C[,F ;F\-q5F0FG[ BMZFS VG[ 5F6L VMKF VF5JF TYF RMrBF 5F6LYL CFYLIM

SZL GJ0FJL RMbBL HuIFDF\ ;]SJJF DF8[ AF\WJF4 tIFZ AFN V0WM S,FS H[8,M ;DI S;ZT SZFjIF AFN H

T[G]\ lJI" V[S+LT SZJ]\ HM.V[4 lJI" V[S+LSZ6 XSI V[8,]\ JC[,L ;JFZ[ 9\0F JFTJZ6GL V\NZ SZJFYL

U]6JTF TYF HyYFGL DF+F ;FZL VFJ[ K[P

Bf 8LhZq0DL ;F\-q5F0FGL T{IFZL ov

0DL DF8[ 5;\N SZ[,M ;F\-q5F0M H[ T[ HFT TYF S,ZGM CMJM HM.V[ TYF 5|S'lTV[ V[SND XF\T VG[

DHA]T S[ H[ JHG BDL XS[ T[JM CMJM H~ZL K[P 0DL ;F\-q5F0FG[ 56 RMbBF4 :J:Y 5F6LYL BF; SZLG[

5FK/GF EFUG[ ;FO SZL 8=[lJ; sTrevisf DF\ C,G R,G G SZL XS[ T[ ZLT[ AF\WJM HM.V[P

Cf S'l+D IMGLGL T{IFZL ov

S'l+DIMGLGF V,U V,U 36F AWF K]8F EFU sPartf CMI K[P H[D S[4 ;L,Lg0Z sCylinderf4

V\NZG]\ ,F.GZ sInner Linnerf4 SMG sConef4 S;G/L sGraduated Test Tubef VG[ .g:I],[8L\U

A[U sInsulating Bagf VF AWF EFUG[ IMuI ZLT[ HM0LG[ VFBL S'l+D IMGL AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ tIFZ

AFN T[G[ HLJF6]\ D]ST sSterilizef SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ VF T{IFZ SZ[, IMGLG[ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFGL CMI

tIFZ[ T[GL V\NZ Zq# EFUDF\ $5_ C YL $(_ C ;]WLG]\ 5F6L TYF !q# EFUDF\ CJF EZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 H[YL

SZLG[ S'l+DIMGLGL V\NZGF EFUG]\ TF5DFG $__ C YL $Z_ C ;]WL ZC[P


78

Df lJI" V[S+LSZ6 ov

;F\-q5F0F4 0DL VG[ S'l+DIMGLGL ;\5]6" T{IFZL SZIFAFN lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P lJI"

V[S+LSZ6 C\D[XF V[SND XF\T4 9\0F TYF HF6LTF DF6;MGL JrR[ V[S H HuIFV[ SZJ]\ HM.V[P

;F\-q5F0FG[ ! YL Z JBT BF,L 9[SF0JF sFalse Mountingf tIFZAFNH T[G]\ S'l+D IMGLDF\ lJI"

V[S+LSZ6 sCollectionf SZJ]\4 H[YL SZLG[ lJI"GL U]6JTF TYF HyYM ;FZL DF+FDF\ D/L ZC[P lJI"

V[S+LSZ6 SZTL JBT[ S'l+DIMGLG[ HDLGYL $5_ GF B]6[ ZFBLG[ lJI"G]\ V[S+LSZ6 SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P

S'l+DIMGLDF\ lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZIF AFN T]Z\T H IMGLG[ N]Z SZL T[DF\ ZC[, 5F6L VG[ CJFGM JF, BM,L BF,L

SZL GFBJ]\ TYF S;G/LDF\ ZC[, lJI"GF HyYFG[4 T0SM4 9\0LYL ARFJL C,FjIF JUZ XSI V[8,]\ h05YL

,[AMZ[8ZLDF\ 5'yYSZ6 DF8[ DMS,J]\ HM.V[P lJI"GL V\NZ 5[XFA4 KF6 VG[ VgI ZHS6M E/[ GCL T[GL

SF/HL ZFBJLP

sZf lJI" 5'yYSZ6 ov

lJI" V[S+LSZ6GF T]Z\T AFN lJI"G[ ,[AMZ[8ZLGL V\NZ #5_ C JF/F 5F6LGL V\NZ 5'yYSZ6 YFI tIF

;]WL ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P lJI"G]\ 5'yYSZ6 T[GL U]6JTF VG[ X]S|F6]GL UFE6 SZJFGL XlSTGM V\NFH ,UF0JF

DF8[ B]A H H~ZL K[P H[DF A[ 5|SFZ[ 5'yYSZ6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

Af U|M; V[ShFDLG[XG ov sGross Examinationf

VF 5|SFZGF 5'yYSZ6DF\ lJI"GM HyYM sX]S|F6]\GL ;\bIFf S[8,M K[4 T[ HMJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ 56 lJI"GF

HyYFG[ X]S|F6]GL UFD6 SZJFGL XlST ;FY[ S. ,[JF N[JF G CMJFG]\ J{7FlGSMGF DT[ H6FJ[, K[P ALH] S,Z4

V[S+L+ SZ[, lJI"GF HyYFGM4 S,Z T[GL V\NZ ZC[, VD]S 5|SFZGL BFDLVMGM VYJF TM T[GL U]6JTFGM

V\NFH VF5[ K[P H[D S[ 5L0FX 50T]\ lJI" T[GL V\NZ ZXL VYJF 5[XFA CMJFGL XSITF NXF"J[ K[P HIFZ[ ,F,FX

VYJF VFKM U],FAL S,Z ,MCLGF S6M VYJF TM V\NZGF DFU"GL BZFAL ATFJ[ K[ VYJF TM 5L0FX VG[ ,L,F

S,ZG]\ lJI" ;]0MDMGFX sPseudomonasf GFDGF HLJF6]\GL CFHZL ;]RJ[ K[P

;FDFgI ZLT[ ;F\-q5F0FG]\ lJI" N]W H[J]\ S|LD S,ZG]\ HF0] CMI K[P H[ T[DF\ ZC[, X]S|GL ;\bIFG[ VFWFZ[

H6FI K[P lJI"GL HF0F. V\NFH[ T[DF ZC[,F X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIF ATFJ[ K[P

Bf DF.S|M:SM5LS V[ShFDLG[XG ov sMicroscopic Examinationf

DF; V[S8LJL8L sMass Activityfov lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SIF"GF T]Z\T AFN lJI"G]\ V[S 8L5]\ :,F.0 p5Z

D]SLG[ T[G[ DF.S|M:SM5GL DNNYL X]S|F6]GL R\R/TF HMJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[GF VFWFZ[ T[DF\ ZC[, UFE6

sFertilizef SZJFGL 1FDTFGM V\NFH ,UFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ VFU/ lJI" lYHJJFGL 5|lS|IF DF8[ IMuI K[ S[

GlC T[ DF; V[S8LJL8L p5ZYL GSSL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P


79

DF; V[S8LJL8LG[ T[GL R\R/TF4 C,G R,G TYF T[GL U]6JTFGF VFWFZ[ _ YL + $ ;]WL VF\SJFDF\

VFJ[ K[P H[ lJI"GL DF; V[S8LJL8L VMKFDF\ VMKL + ZP5 ;]WL CMI T[JF lJI"G[ H YLHJJFGL 5|lS|IFDF\ 5;\N

SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

.g0LlJhI], DM8L,L8L sIndividual Motilityf ov DF; V[S8LJL8L HMIF AFN HM lJI" VFU/GL

5|lS|IF DF8[ IMuI H6FI TM T[GL V\NZ IMuI lJI" 5|lTH{lJS sDilutorf pD[ZL OZLYL T[G[ DF.S|M:SM5GL V\NZ

HMJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF 5wWTLDF\ V[SvV[S X]S|F6]\GL lNXF4 UTL HM. T[GL VFU/ HJFGL 5|lS|IFG[ sForward

Motile Spermf 8SFJFZLDF\ NXF"JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[GF VFWFZ[ 56 T[GL U]6JTF RSF;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HM

X]S|F6]GL .g0LlJhI], DM8L,L8L *_@ YL p5Z CMI TM H T[G[ lJI" YLHJJFGL 5|lS|IFDF\ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFDF\

VFJ[ K[P

s#f lJI" YLHJJFGL ZLT ov

VF 5|lS|IFGL V\NZ lJI"G]\ IMuI 5|lTH{lJSGM p5IMU SZL lJI"G]\ TG]SZ6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[G[

B]A H VMKF TF5DFGDF\ YLHJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P lJI" YLHJ6L DF8[ v*)_ ;]WL 9\0] SZJF DF8[ ;]SF AZOGM VG[

VF<SMCM,GM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[ VYJF TM 5|JFCL GF.8=MHG sLN2f S[ H[ lJI"G[ v!)&_ C ;]WL YLHJLG[

ZFB[ K[4 T[GM p5IMU SZL XSFIP DM8F EFU[ ,UEU VFBL N]lGIFDF\ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGGM p5IMU lJI"

YLHJJF4 T[GL C[ZFO[ZL VG[ YLHJ[, lJI"G[ ;\U|C SZJF DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJL ZCIM K[P

VF 5|lSIFDF\ lJI"G[ B]AH VMKF TF5DFG[ X]S|F6]G[ HLJTF ;FRJLG[ ZFBJF DF8[ 5|lS|IF NZdIFG T[GL

V\NZ AZOGF S8SFGF AG[ T[GM bIF, ZFBJM H~ZL K[P H[YL SZLG[ 5|lS|IFDF\ DZ6 5FDTF X]S|F6]GL ;\bIFDF\

38F0L XSFIP

lJI" YLHJJFGL ZLT ov

!P S'l+DIMGLDF\ lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SIF" AFN 5|IMUXF/FDF\ T[GL 3GTF4 5LV[R spHf4 R\R/TF TYF T[DF\

ZC[, HLJTF X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIF JU[Z[G]\ 5'yYSZ6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ H[ lJI" VF 5|lS|IFDF\ B~ pTZ[ T[G[

H VFU/ ;\U|C SZJFGL 5|lS|IFDF\ IMuI DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

ZP lJI" 5|IMUXF/FDF\ ,FjIF AFN #Z_ C YL #5_ C JF/F 5F6LDF\ ZFBL T[DF\ IMuI 5|lTH{lJS sTrisf

GFBL T[G]\ TG]SZ6 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

#P lJI" 5'yYSZ6 AFN HM X]S|F6]\GL HLJLT ;\bIF *_ @ YL p5Z CMI VG[ 5'yYSZ6 AFN IMuI H6FI

T[DG[ IMuI DF+FDF\ 5|lTH{lJS T[GL V\NZ ZC[, X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIFGF VFWFZ[ pD[ZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 H[YL

SZLG[ V[S :8=MGL V\NZ #_ YL $_ DL,LIG X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIF ZC[P

$P lJI"G]\ IMuI TG]SZ6 SIF" AFN T[G[ GFGLqDM8L sMini/Mediumf :8=MGL V\NZ Z__ YL ZZ_

TF5DFGJF/F ~DDF\ DXLG VYJF VgI ;FWGGL DNNYL EZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P :8=M EIF" AFN HM DXLG

N=FZF ;L, G YT]\ CMI4 TM ;L,L\U 5FJ0Z sPVAf GM p5IMU SZLG[ ,LS[H G YFI V[ ZLT[ ;L, SZJ]\P


80

5P :8=MG[ EZL VG[ ;L, SIF" AFN WLD[ WLD[ Z__ C YL ZZ_ C JF/F TF5DFGYL $_ C ;]WL DXLGGL

sCooling Chamberf DNNYL WLD[ WLD[ 9\0] SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ $ S,FS ;]WL $_ C DF\

ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF VJ:YFG[ cc:8[H VMO .SJL,LA|LIDcc SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

VF ;DI NZdIFG 5|lTH{lJSDF\ ZC[, u,L;ZM, sGlycerolf GFDG]\ Z;FI6 DL0LIDGL V\N 5|;ZLG[

X]S|F6]\G[ 9\0M XMS sCold Shockf YL ARFJ[ K[P

&P .SJL,LA|LIDGL 5|lS|IF 5]6" YIF AFN 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGGL JZF/ p5Z sVapour Freezingf $

;[DL :8=MG[ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGGL p5ZGF :TZYL N]Z ZFBL !_ YL !Z DLGL8 ;]WL ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

H[YL SZLG[ :8=M v!Z__ C YL v!#__ C ;]WL 9\0L 50L HFI K[P tIFZAFN T]Z\T :8=MG[ 5|JFCL

GF.8=MHG S[ H[G] TF5DFG v!)&_ C K[4 T[DF\ D]SL ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL ;\U|CLT SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

*P 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGDF\ ;\U|CLTGF Z$ YL $( S,FS AFN T[GL V\NZ ZC[, HLJTF X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIF OZLYL

RSF;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ HM 5_ @ YL JWFZ[ VFU/ JWTF X]S|F6]\ sProgressively Motilef HLJTF

CMI TM VFJF 0Mh VYJF YLHJ[, lJI"GL :8=MG[ ,F\AFUF/F ;]WL p5IMU DF8[ ;FRJL ZBFI K[P HM

HLJTF X]S|F6]\GL ;\bIF 5_@ YL VMKL CMI TM T[ ;\U||C SZJF TYF S'l+D ALHNFG DF8[ IMuI 9[ZJJFDF\

VFJTF GYL VG[ T[GM IMuI lGSF, SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


81

હળામાનના ફેરફારોની પશ ુપ્રજનન પર વળપરીત અસરો અને તેના ઉપાયો

યભેળ ાડોદયા, ભોશવીનખાન ઠાણ તથા વલલેક વવિંઘ શ ુળયીયક્રિમા ળાસ્ત્ર વલબાગ,

શ ુચિક્રકત્વા અને શ ુારન ભશાવલદ્યારમ, જૂનાગઢ

પરરચય:

દયેક પ્રાણી લગનઁી જાવતઓ તથા પ્રજાવતઓ તેના ળાયીક્રયક યાજ્મ વાથ ેવકંામેર છે. પ્રાણીઓ ોતાની ઊજાા નો ખિા વતત માાલયણીમ તાભાન વાથે વનમતં્રણ કયલભા ંકયતા શોમ છે, જેને રીધે તે અનકુૂ લાતાલયણભા ંયશ ેછે જેને શ ુતાભાન નુ ં આયાભ ઝોન કશલેામ છે . આ ઝોન ફશાય, પ્રાણી ળાનકુુતા

જાલલા ભાટે તણાલ અનબુલે છે. આ દયમ્માન ઓછાભા ંઓછી ઊજાા ઉત્ાદન પ્રક્રિમાઓ ભાટે લયામ કે

જેથી લધાયાની ઊજાા ને ળાનકુુતા (thermoregulation) ભાટે લાયી ળકામ. આથી પ્રાણીઓ ખાવ કયીને

ળાયીક્રયક અન ેભેટાફોચરક કામો ભા ંલયાતી ઉજાા, તેનો ઉત્ાદન જથ્થો અન ેખોયાક ની ગણુલતા તેના લતાન

થી સધુાયે છે. આફોશલાના નોંધાત્ર પેયપાયોની અવય પ્રાણીઓ ની લસ્તી અને તેની ેઢી ય જોલ ભે છે. લાતલયણના ફદરાલ વાભે અનકુરૂન વાધલાજતા તેના આનલુવંળક અન ે પીનોટામવક રક્ષણો ફદરલા ભાડં ેછે. જ્માયે એક thermoneutral પ્રાણી તેના ઝોન ફશાય રાફંા/ભધ્મભ વભમગાા ભાટે શોમ છે ત્માયે તે

ક્રયસ્સ્થવત તેના અનકૂરૂન તતં્રને વક્રિમ કયે છે. લધભુા ંદયેક પ્રાણી ય આફોશલાની ફદરાતી ક્રયસ્સ્થવતઓની અવય, તેની તીવ્રતા અન ેવભમગાો અરગ અરગ શોમ છે.

તાજેતયના લોભા ંગ્રોફર લોવભિંગ ભાટે બાયત ઉય લાયંલાય વભથેન ગેવનો ઊંિા દયે ઉત્વર્જન કયલાનો આયો છે, આ ગેવ ભોટે બાગ ે વનમ્ન કક્ષાના ાકના અલળેો અન ેફામોકિયા ભાથંી ઉત્ન થામ છે . આ બમાનક ગેવ પ્રાણીની ઉત્ાદન/પ્રજનન વ્મલસ્થા ને ખોયલે છે. બાયતભા ંશકીકતરક્ષી ગેવ ઉત્વર્જન

ભાક્રશતી નુ ંઅજ્ઞાન લધ ુ છે. 2003 ભા ંબાયત શધુન લસ્તી ગણતયી પ્રભાણે લૈવિક વભથેન ઉત્ાદનના 11.9

ટકા મજુફ 11.75 ટન વભથેન ઉત્ાદનન ુમોગદાન ધયાલે છે . જે આંતયડાના કોશલાટનો આળયે 91 અન ે

ખાતયના આળયે 9 ટકા ક્રશસ્વો ધયાલે છે. આૈકી 60 ટકા ભીથેન ઉત્ાદન ગામ, બેંવ અન ેડયેી શ ુભીને અન ે

ફાકીનો અન્મ શધુનથી થતો જોલાભે છે.

શઓુ ભા ંફદરાતી આફોશલાની થતી વલયીત અવય જેલી કે ોક યકુ્ત ખોયાકનો અબાલ ,

ખોયાકનુ ંનબાલવુ,ં ઓછુ દૂધ ઉત્ાદન, ભાવીકઋત ુવભમગાા ની અિોક્કવ રફંાઈ, તીવ્રતા અન ે ઘટતી વલબાલના ( પદ્રુતા) દય, અંડાળમના કદ, વદૃ્ધિ અને કામાક્ષભતાભા ં ઘટાડો જોલા ભે છે, ગબાના પ્રાયંચબક

તફકે્ક મતૃ્ય ુજોખભ લધે, ઓછો ગબા વલકાવ અન ેઓછુ લજન ધયાલત ુનલજાત જન્ભે છે. આ ફધીજ અવયો આલતા 2070-2૦99 લો ભા ંગામ તથા બેવો ના દૂધ ઉત્ાદન તથા પ્રજનન વલધેમો આ ફનંે ભા ં શારના


82

તાભાન થી 2-6 oC નો લધાયો થલાથી જોલા ભી ળકે છે. દૂધ ઉત્ાદનનો ઘટાડો બેંવ અન ેસ્લદેળી ગમો કયતા િોવ/ળકંય જાતો ભા ંઊંિો શળ.ે સ્લદેળી જાવતઓ કયતા ંઊંચ ુઉત્ાદન કયતી વલદેવી િોવ/ળકંય જાતી ય પ્રભાણભા ંલધ ુઅવય ડળે. આફોશલા ની અવય પ્રાણીઓ ના વલકાવ દય ઉય ણ જોલા ભે છે.

ઉચ્ચ તાપમાન ની પશ ુપોષણ પર તણાળ અને અસર :

લાતાલયણભા ંઊંચ ુતાભાન અન ેલધાયે બેજ ડયેી ગામ અને બેંવના ંોણ ય ફ ેગણુ ંઅવય કયે છે. વળંોધનોના આધાયે ળીધ ્થય ુછે કે જાનલય લીયીત લાતાલયણની યીસ્થીતીભા ંખોયાક ભા ં 9-13 %

નો ઘટાડો નોંધલે છે. ગયભીથી શનેુ ફિાલલા રાફંો વભમ ળેડભા ંયખાલાથી ણ ખોયાકભા ંનોંધાત્ર ઘટાડો થામ છે. તાભાનના લધાયાની અવય ઘાવિાય ની જાત તથા તેને ઉગલા ય ણ જોલ ભે છે. ઉિા તાભાન અને લધ ુબેજ ના કાયણે છોડ ભા ંયશરે પાઇફય (NDF) લધે છે અન ેજે શનુો વબંવલત ઇન્ટેક

ઘટાડ ેછે તથા પ્રાન્ટના વદૃ્ધિદય ને ણ ઘટાડ ેછે.

ઉચ્ચ તાપમાન ની પશ ુના પ્રજનન ઉપર અસર:

માદા પશઓુ ઉપર અસર: ગયભી ને કાયણે લધયતા તણાલ થી પ્રોજેસ્ટેયોન અને લ્મ̡ટીનાઈજીંગ અંતસ્ત્રાલ ભા ંપેયપાય થામ છે

જે ઋત ુ(oestrus) િિ ને ણ અવય કયે છે, તેભજ ફીજ વદૃ્ધિ, ગબા વલકાવ દયવભમાન અંતસ્ત્રાલ નુ ંઅવાભાન ણુ ં અને ગબા મતૃ્યદુય લધે છે.

લધતા તાભાનની પ્રજનન વલધેમો જેલા કે જનનકોળ યિના અન ે કામા, ગબા વલકાવ, ગબા વલકાવ દય અને વદૃ્ધિ ઉય પ્રવતકૂ અવયો લતાાતી જોલા ભે છે . લધભુા,ં ઉનાાભા ં લ્યુટંીનાઈજીંગ અંતસ્ત્રાલના ઉત્ાદનભા ંથતો પેયપાય અંડાવમના ઓછા લીકાવ ભાટે જલાલફદાય છે, જેને કાયણે શઓુ ઋત ુ(oestrus)

િિ ભા ંઓછા આલે છે. આ ક્રયસ્સ્થવતઓભા ંફે લીમાણ લચ્િેનો વભમ રફંામ, જન્ભ દય નીિો જામ અન ેદય

લે દૂધ ઉજ ભા ંઘટાડો જોઈ ળકામ છે.

લોડકીઓ ભા ંપ્રજનન અંગોના વલકાવ ભા ંતથા નાના લાછયડાઓં ના લજન/વદૃ્ધિ દય ઘટે છે.

નર પશઓુ ઉપર અસર:

ગયભીની લીયીત અવયો આખરાઓભા ંણ દેખામ છે, જેલીકે લીમા એકાગ્રતા, શિુાણઓુ અન ે

ગવતળીર કોોના નફંય વળમાા અન ેલવતં ઋત ુકયતા ઉનાાભા ંઓછા શોમ છે.

ગયભી ની અવય નાના નય ઉય લધાયે દેખામ છે. ણ ઠંડી ની અવય ઉભય રામક કે વધૃ્ધ નય ભા ંનાના નય કયતા લધાયે જોલા ભે છે.


83

ઉનાલા ની પરરસ્થથવત ની અસર ઘટાડળા માટે ખળડાળળાની વ્યહૂરચના : • ગયભ શલાભાનભા ંશનેુ ખોયાક તેની ગભાણ ભા ંઆો જેથી િારલા નુ ંઓછુ ંથામ અને ખોયાક રેલા

ભા ંલધાયો થામ. • ગોિય ભા ંશનેુ યાતે્ર િયલા ભાટે લધ ુભજૂંયી આો. જાનલય ગયભ શલાભાન કયતા યાતના વભમે

તેભના દૈવનક િયાઈ ના 70 % સધુી લધાયો કયળ ે.

• શાઇ પાઇફય forages વાભાન્મ ખોયાકની વયખાભણીભા,ં ાિન દ્વાયા લધ ુ ગયભી ેદા કયી ળકે છે.

શઓુ સ્લેચ્છાએ ગયભ શલાભાન દયવભમાન ઘાવિાયો ભમાાક્રદત ભાત્રાભા ંગ્રશંન કયળે , જેથી આ

વભમગાા દયવભમાન વાયી ગણુલત્તા લાો ઘાવિાયો યૂો ાડલો જોઈએ.

• વાયી ગણુલત્તા લાા ઘાવિાયો વાથ ેખોયાક ભા ંઊજાા લધાયતા ખોયાક આલા જોઈએ જે ખોયાક ના ઇન્ટેક ભા ંલધાયો કયે છે અન ેભેટાફોચરક ગયભી રોડ ઘટાડલા ભાટે ધ્માન કેન્દ્ન્િત કયે છે.

• ખોયાકભા ંખાવ કયીને વોક્રડમભ, ોટેવળમભ, ભેગ્નેવળમભ અન ેવનઆવવન સ્તયો વયબય કયલા ભાટે ખવનજો અન ેખોયાકભા ંવલટાવભન વાિંતા ભા ંલધાયો કયલો જોઈએ.

• ગામ ને ોટેવળમભની 1.5-1.6 % અન ે વોક્રડમભ 0.5-0.6 % ભાત્રા ગામ દૂધ ઉજ પ્રભાણે આવુ ંજોઈએ જે વબંવલત ગામ ના ગયભીબાય ને સધુાયળે. ોટેવળમભ ની ઉચ્િ ભાત્રાભા ં ખોયાક જે ભેટાફોચરક વભસ્માઓ (ઘાવ tetany ) ટાલા ભાટે ભદદ કયલા ભાટે 0.35-0.4 % ભેગ્નેવળમભ નો ણ વભાલેળ કયલો જોઈએ.

• વનઆવવન (6 ગ્રાભ / જાનલય/ ક્રદલવ ) ણ રાબદામી થઈ ળકે છે. તે ત્લિા ના તાભાન ઘટાડલા અન ે

દૂધ ઉજ લધાયલા ભાટે જાણીત ુ છે .

• ગયભ શલાભાન દયમ્માન વોક્રડમભ ફામકાફોનેટના 150-200 ગ્રાભ/શ/ુક્રદલવ ખોયાક દ્વાયા આવુ ંજોઈએ જે તેના ાિન ભાટે રાબદામક છે.

ગરમ ળાતાળરણની પરરસ્થથવતઓ ની અસર ઘટાડળા માટે ના સચંાન /વ્યહૂરચનાઓ:

• ફધા વભમે શઓુને તદ્દન ઠંડી જગ્મા તથા સ્લચ્છ જ રૂૂ ાડો. ગયભ શલાભાન દયવભમાન દૂધાળુ શઓુ એક ક્રદલવ ભા ં100 થી 200 રીટય ીલા ભાટે ની ક્ષભતા ધયાલે છે જે રંુૂ ાડવુ ંજોઈએ.

• વભગ્ર ક્રદલવ દયવભમાન ળેડ ભા ંશલા નુ ંક્રયલશન કયી થઈ ળકે તેવુ ંશોવ ુજોઈએ, જે માાલયણ દ્વાયા થતા શઓુના ‘શીટ’ રોડ ને ઘટાડી ળકે છે. પીડ આઉટ વલસ્તાયો, િયાઈ વલસ્તાયોભા ંઅને દોશન માડા ઉય ણ ળેડ રુૂ ાડવુ ંજોઈએ.

• દોશલાના વભમે તેભજ આયાભ અન ેખાલા ના વભમે અથલા તેની શરેા ંઅન ેછી ળેડ ભા ંકે ફશાય ફુલાયાની વ્મલસ્થા કયલી જોઈએ.

• જાનલય િયીને આલે ત્માયે અને ફોયે દોશતા શરેા ંફુલાયા શઠે ઊબા યાખલા જોઈએ. આથી ળયીયનુ ં તાભાન ઘટાડી ળકામ છે અને દોશન લખતે દૂધ ઉત્ાદન લધાયી ળકામ છે.

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙


84

5X]5F,SM ;FY[ ;\JFN SZJFGL 5wWlTVM

0MPZFH[X S]DFZ4 0MPV[;P0A<I]P;FJZSZ4 0MPHLPV[DPRF{WZL VG[ 0MPV[;PH[P58[, 5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G lJ:TZ6 lJEFU4


V;ZSFZS SMdI]lGS[XGGL BFDLG[ SFZ6[ VFW]lGS 5wWlTVMGM 5X]WG pt5FNSM p5IMU SZL XSTF

GYLP H[GFYL VFW]lGS DFlCTLG]\ TFtSF,LS 5F,G Y. XST] GYLP H[ VFlY"S ZLT[ 5X]5F,SMG[ G]S;FGSTF" AGL

XS[ K[P 5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ ;\N[XM VF5JF DF8[ lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZL ;FRL VG[ ;RM8 5wWlT HF6TF CMJF H~ZL

K[ S[ H[ H]NF H]NF JU"GF B[0}TMG[ IMuI DFlCTL VF5L XS[P

VF ;\N[XM 5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ 5X]WGGF ZC[9F64 jIJ:YF5STF :JF:YIGL ;FZ ;\EF/4 5|HGG lS|IF4

BMZFSDF\ VMKL BRF"/ YFI T[ DF8[ H~ZL K[P VF DF8[ H]NLvH]NL 5wWlTVMG[F p5IMU jIlSTUT4 ;D]CDF\

5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ HM0JF DF8[ YFI K[P

jIlSTUT 5wWlTov

lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZL jIlSTUT ;\5S" ;FWLG[ ,MSM ;FY[ ;\5S" SZ[ K[P

DFG;LSTF AN,JF DF8[[ NFPTP Z;LSZ64 S'+LD ALHNFG 5wWlT

U|]5 5wWlTov

V[S ;FY[ V[S SZTF\ JWFZ[ jIlSTVMG]\ SMdI]lGS[XG SZL XSFIP

5X]WGG]\ VFSl:DS G]S;FG V8SFJJF DF8[ 5X]WGGM lJDM SZFJJM H~ZL K[P H[JL DFlCTL VF5[ K[P

;D}C 5wWlTov

V[S ;FY[ B}A H DM8F ;D}CG]\ SMdI]lGS[XG SZL XSFIP

7FG VG[ Z; NFBJJF DF8[

NFPTP Z;LSZ64 BGLH1FFZ TYF ;]lDlzT NF6 VFCFZDF\ VF5JF AFATP

lJ:TZ6 5wwlTVM V[S 5|SFZGL S/F VG[ SF{X<I K[P H[ ,MSMG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ HM0[ K[P 5X]lRlSt;F

VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJWF,IDF\ lJ:TZ6 lX1F6 D]bItJ[ 5X]WG VG[ 5X]5F,SMG[ 5X]lRlSt;S ;FY[ HM0TL S0L

;DFG K[P EFZTDF\ DM8F EFUGF\ 5X]5F,SM GHLJL VFJS WZFJTF GFGF VG[ HDLG lJCM6F\ S'lQF5F,SM K[P

UZLALG[ SFZ6[ T[DGL V\NZ lX1F6G]\ WMZ6 GA/] K[ TYF SDFJJF DF8[ VtIFZ[ 56 5|FRLG ;DIGL 5X]5F,G

5wWlTVMGM p5IMU SZ[ K[P

U|FdI S1FFGF 5X]5F,SMGF\ J,64 7FG VG[ VFJ0T AN,TL TF\+LS DFlCTL VF5JL T[ 5X]lRlSt;S

DF8[ V3Z] K[P T[DG[ J{7FlGS DFlCTL VF5JF DF8[ 5X]5F,SMGL 5}J"E}lDSF TYF DFGl;STF HF6JL BF; H~ZL

K[P H[VM 5X]lRlSt;S lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVMGM p5IMU T[GF jIJ;FIDF\ SZL VG[ JW] ;FZ] 7FG D[/J[ H[YL

5X]WGGF\ pt5FNGDF\ ;FZM V[JM JWFZM SZL XS[P


85

H]NFvH]NF 5|SFZGL lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVM CMI K[P ,BF6M HM. XSFI4 ;F\E/L XSFI VG[ NXF"JL XSFI

T[JF lR+M 5X]5F,SMG[ HM0JFDF\ DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P T[YL 5X]5F,GGF jIJ;FIDF\ lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVMGL

T{IFZL VG[ p5IMU SZJFGL H~Z K[P

s!f 5M:8Zov

5M:8Z AGFJJF DF8[GF\ l;wWF\TMov

5M:8ZGL ~5Z[BF 3Î V1FZ[4 ;C[,F.YL ;DHL XSFI VG[ VFSQF"S Z\UDF\ CMJL HM.V[P

5M:8Z AGFJJF DF8[ H~ZL 38SMo

s!f lR+o

lR+ :JrK ;\N[XM ;Z/TFYL VF5L XSFI T[J]\ NMZ[,] CMJ] HM.V[P

N[BGFZG]\ wIFG U[ZDFU["GF NMZFI T[ DF8[ lAGH~ZL lJUTM 8F/JLP

lR+M AGFJTL JBT[ ,MSMGF VG]EJG[ wIFG[ ,> ;Z/TFYL ;DHL XSFI T[JF lJS<5M 5;\N SZJFP

sZf XaNMGF\ ,[Bo

5F\R XaNMGM ,[B ;FZM CMI K[P

,[B ;D:TZLI ,B[,M CMJM HM.V[ H[YL ;Z/TFYL JF\RL XSFIP

,[B JrR[YL T]8[,M G CMJM HM.V[P

s#f Z\UMo

T[H:JL VG[ VFSQF"S Z\UMGF\ p5IMU SZJM

JF\RGFZ ;Z/TFYL ;DHL XS[ T[ DF8[ +6 SZTF\ JWFZ[ Z\UMGM p5IMU SZJM GlCP

V\NZGF EFU[ GHZ[ 50[ T[JF Z\UMGM p5IMU SZJM

s$f HuIFov

5M:8Z lR+M VG[ XaNMYL EZ[,]\ G CMJ] HM.V[P

5}ZTL HuIFV[ RMS;F. 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P

s5f VF,[B sZRGFfov

VF,[B ;DT],G CMJM HM.V[ H[YL N[BGFZGL VF\BM ;Z/TFYL VG[ h05L ,[B p5Z 50[P

5MQ8Z AGFJJFGF\ p5IMUMov

5M:8Z HM. XSFI 56 NXF"JL G XSFI T[J] DFwID K[P H[GM X{1Fl6S SFI" DF8[ p5IMU SZL XSFIP

T[GM ACM/F 5|DF6DF\ B[0}TM VG[ 5X]5F,SMG[ lX1F6 VF5JF DF8[ YFI K[P

5MQ8Z NX"SMGF\ GJF lJRFZ VF5JF DF8[ lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZLG[ p5IMUL K[P

5M:8Z ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL 5|NlX"T SZL XSFI S[ H[YL UFD0FGF\ ,MSMG[ ;TT IFN V5FJ[P

5M:8ZGM ;F{YL JW] p5IMU h]\A[X DF8[ VG[ UFD0FGF\ ,MSMG[ 5|[Z6F VF5JF X{1Fl6S SFI"S|DMDF\ YFI K[P

5M:8Z 5|NX"G VG[ SFI"S|DDF\ UFD0FGL 5lZl:YTLG[ wIFGDF\ ZFBL B[0}TMG[ ;DHJFDF\ DNN 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P


86

sZf O,[X SF0"ov

O,[X SF0" AGFJJF DF8[ l;wWF\TMov

s!f O,[X SF0"V[ V[KF 5|SFZGF\ lR+M K[ H[ 50NF 5Z HM. XSFTF GYLP T[G]\ J6"G SZJF DF8[ ;\5}6" JFTF" lR+M

;FY[ IMuI 38GFS|DDF\ CMJL HM.V[P

sZf JFTF" RMSS; lXQF"S ;FY[ 5lZlRT VG[ V\TDF\ ;}RGM CMJF HM.V[P

s#f ;C[,F.YL ;DHFI T[JF XaNM VG[ :YFlGS XaN5|IMUGM O,[XSF0"DF\ p5IMU SZJM HM.V[P

s$f O,[X SF0"GL ;\5}6" ;\bIF !_ YL !Z CMJL HM.V[P H[YL B[0}TM ;C[,F.YL IFN ZFBL XS[P

s5f O,[X SF0" 5}ZTL SNG]\4 NZ[S DF6;M HM. XS[ T[J] VG[ T[ ZZ2Z( .\RG][ CMJ] HM.V[[P ;FNL ,L8L NMZ[,]4

R,lR+M VG[ SF8]"GDF\ TNG 5]ZGF 5|DF6DF\ Z\UM 5}Z[,F CMJF HM.V[P

O,[X SF0"GF\ p5IMUMov

s!f O,[X SF0"GM p5IMU #_ ;]WLGL ;\bIFGF ;D]CDF\ H SZJMP

sZf O,[X SF0" ;D}C A[9SDF\ lGlZ1FS B[0}GMG[ Z; lGDF"6 SZJF DF8[ DNN~5 K[P

s#f O,[X SF0"DF\ lR+M ;LWF H HM. XSFIP

s$f O,[X SF0" h05YL AGFJL XSFI SFZ6S[ T[DF\ lAG BRF"/ :YFlGS 5NFY"GM J5ZFX YFI K[P

s5f O,[X SF0" JSTFG[ H~ZL D]NF lJX[ JFT SZJFD\F p5IMUL K[P

s#f ;FlCtIov

sVf 5lZ5+ov

s!f 5lZ5+ h05L VG[;:T] HM0JF DF8[G]\ K[P

sZf 5lZ5+G]\ 5]Gopt5FNG SZL V[H DFlCTL ;FY[ ,MSMDF\ OZT] SZL XSFIP

s#f SM. h]\A[X S[ lJ:TZ6G[ ,UTF SFD DF8[ ;\N[XM 5CM\RF0JF DF8[ 5lZ5+GM p5IMU SZL XSFIP

s$f lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZLG[ B[0}TMG[ SM. 5|J'lT H6FJJF DF8[ 5lZ5+ p5IMUL K[P

sAf ;,FCSFZL 5+ov

s!f ;,FCSFZL 5+ B[0}TMG[ ;,FC VF5JF DF8[GF\ C[T]YL ,BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

sZf ;,FCSFZL 5+DF\ ;,FC DF8[G]\ OMD" S[ H[DF\ 5|F:TFlJS DFlCTL H[JL S[ RMDF;F 5C[,F 5X]VMG[ Z;L

D]SL HLJ,[6 ZMUMG]\ lGI\+6 SZJ]\ HM.V[P

s#f ;,FCSFZL 5+ NZ V9JFl0V[ S[ 5BJFl0I[ B[0}TMG[ DMS,JF HM.V[P

s$f ;,FCSFZL 5+ DF8[ kT] VG[ ;DI DCtJGM K[P

sSf KF5[,] SFU/LI]\ s5l+SFql,O,[8fov

s!f 5l+SFV[ V[S 5FGFG\] SFU/ K[P H[DF\ V[S D]NF lJX[ DFlCTL ;Z/ EFQFFDF\ NXF"JJF DF8[ p5IMUL K[P

sZf 5l+SFDF\ V[S VYJF A[ 5[H sV[S VYJF A\G[ AFH] l5|g8 SZ[,Ff JFTF" AGFJJF DF8[ J5ZFI K[P

s#f 5l+SFDF\ lR+M CMI K[ PH[ UFD0FGF\ B[0}TMG[ ;DHJF DF8[ ;C[,] 50[ K[P


87

s0f 5[dO,[8 sRM5FlGI]\fov

s!f RM5FlGI]\ V[ X{1Fl6S ;CFI K[P H[DF\ 36L DF+FDF\ 5FGF\ CMI K[P T[DF\YL ALHL GS,M AGFJL XSFI K[ P

sZf RM5FlGIFDF\ Zv!Z 5FGF\ CMI K[P 5C[,] D]bI 5FG] l5|g8 SZ[,]4 Zv# Z\UMYL X6UFZ[,]\ VG[ T[DF\ YM0FS

lS|IFtDS lR+M CMJF HM.V[P

s#f RM5FlGIFGM p5IMU DL8L\U VG[ 5|NX"GDF\ YFI K[P

s>f OM<0Zov

s!f OM<0ZV[ V[S 5FGFG]\ SFU/ K[ H[ V[S VYJF A[ AFH] JF/[,]\ CMI K[ S[ H[YL V\NZG]\ D8LZLI, V[S 5KL

V[S S|DF\SDF\ VFJ[P

sZf OM<0ZDF\ OSZM S[ 5}6" JFSI ,BJFGL H~Z GYLP

s#f OM,0Z H]NFvH]NF R,lR+MGL DNNYL VFSQF"S AGFJL XSFIP

s$f OM<0ZGM p5IMU ;D]CDF\ DL8L\UDF\ VG[ 5|NX"GDF\ DM8L ;\bIFDF\ B[0}TMG[ DFU"NX"G VF5JF DF8[ YFI

K[P

s$f 5|JFlC :O8LS l0:%,[ ( LCD) 5|MH[S8Zov

5|MH[S8Z £xIvzFjI ;FWG K[P VFW]lGS HDFGFD\F VtIFZ[ D}JL 5|MH[S8GF AN,[ V[,;L0L 5|MH[S8ZGM

p5IMU JWFZ[ YFI K[P SFZ6S[4 VF 5|MH[S8Z ;Z/TFYL V[S HuIFV[YL ALHL HuIFV[ ,. H. XSFI

K[P V[,;L0L 5|MH[S8ZDF\ £xI zFjI SFI"S|DM SM.56 5|SFZGL ~SFJ8 JUZ NXF"JL XSFI K[P

T[DF\ l5|g8 SZ[,L DFlCTLG[ :S[G SZLG[ 56 NXF"JL XSFI K[P VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ lR+GF 50NFG]\ SN D]JL

5|MH[S8ZGL ;ZBFD6LDF\ DM8] CMI K[P T[DF\ O[ZAN, ;C[,F.YL SZL XSFI K[P

VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ lR+ :5Q8 lZhM<I]XGDF\ VG[ 50NFYL !_v!5 O]8 N}Z ZFBLG[ 56 NXF"JL XSFI K[P

VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ VMKM lJH/LGM J5ZFX YFI K[P H[GL DNNYL V[S ;FY[ JW] ;\bIFDF\ B[0}TMG[ ;DHFJL

XSFI K[ P

********


88

5X];FZJFZ NZdIFG lGEFJJFGF YTF H}NFvH}NF 5+SMGL DFCLTL

0MP H[P V[;P 58[,

D[0L;LG lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4


5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ BF; SZL N]W pt5FNGGF JIJ;FIDF\ H]NFvH]NF 5F;F GF GM\W5+SM ZFBJF

H~ZL K[P AWF jIJ;FIDF\ SNFR N]Wpt5FNGGM H jIJ;FI V[JM K[ S[ H[DF GM\W5+SM 36F VMKF 5X]5F,SM

ZFB[ K[P VFJF GM\W5+SM jIJ;FIGF VFYL"S lR+G[ :5Q8 SZL 5X]5F,GG[ GOFSFZS jIJ;FI SZJF H~ZL

lG6"IM ,[JFDF DNN~5 YFI K[P GFGFvDM8F NZ[S 5X]5F,S[ VFJL GM\WJCLVM ZFBJL H~ZL K[P

.lTCF;5+SsCL:8=XL8fov

5X]5F,GGF\ 5+SDF .lTCF;5+S ;F{YL JWFZ[ VUtIG]\ K[P VF56[ HF6LI[ KLV[ S[ ;O/

5X]5F,GDF IMuI ;J"WGG]\ 36] DCtJ K[P IMuI ;J"WG DF8[ ;FZL HFTGL DFNF VG[ GZ HM.V[P

NFPTP4UFIMDF IMuI ;J"WG DF8[ ;FZL HFTGL UFIM VG[ ;F\- HM.V[P ;F\-GF AFCI ,1F6M p5ZF\T T[GF

VF\TZLS ,1F6MGM 56 VeIF; SZJM HM.V[P VF DF8[ T[GF\ DFTF4 l5TF4 NFNF4 EF.4 AC[G VG[ T[GL 5|HFGM

VeIF; SZJM H~ZL K[P VF AWL DFCLTL .TLCF;5+S p5ZYL D/L XS[ K[P .lTCF;5+S A[ EFUDF JC[RL

XSFIP

;DFgI 5+So H[DF 5X]G] GFD4 G\AZ4 HFT4 HgD :Y/4 HgD TFZLB4 BZLWF TFZLB4 SIFYL BZLNL4

lS\DT45X]GF AF5G] GFD4 T[DGL DF\NUL4 T[DGL ;\bIF JU[Z[GM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

S[8,FS p5IMUL VG[ 5|R,LT 5+SMG]\ JUL"SZ6 GLR[ D]HA K[o

!P;FDFgI 5+SM

UF{XF/F ZMHGLXL 5+S

5X] ZMHD[/ 5+S

HgD 5+S

DZ6 5+S

5X]WG 5+S

5X] DF\NUL 5+S

ZP N]W pt5FNGGF 5+SM

N{GLS N]Wpt5FNG 5+S

DF:LS N]W pt5FNG 5+S

VFHLJG N]W pt5FNG 5+S

N]WF/F 5X]G] .lCF; 5+S

#P 5X] 5|HGGL GM\WJFCLVM

DF;JFZ 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTL 5+S jIlSTUT 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTL 5+S


89

$P 5X]vVFCFZGL GM\WJFCLVM

BF6vNF6 5+S 3F;RFZF pt5FNG VG[ J5ZFX 5+S

!P ;FDFgI GM\WJFCLVMo

sVf UF{XF/F ZMHGLXL GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLDF TFZLB JFZ UF{XF/FDF AG[,L AWL H CSLSTGL

GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[\ 5X]GL DF\NUL4 DZ64 HgD4 O?I] YJFGL AFAT4 WF;RFZFvBF6NF6G] pt5FNG JU[Z[GL

VF GM\WJCLDF GM\W YIF VgI ;\A\lWT GM\WJCLDF GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[\VF GM\WJCL 5FIFGL GM\WJCL K[P V[GM

GD]GM 5+S V[S D]HA K[P

sAf 5X] ZMHD[/ GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLG[ CFHZL5+S GM\WJCL 56 SC[JFDF VFJ[ K[P VF

GM\WJCLDF\ ZMH[ZMH JU"JFZ S[8,F 5X]GL CFHZL OFD" 5Z Vl:TtJDF K[ T[GL GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[P HgDYL

VYJF BZLNLYL YTF JWFZF DF8[ VG[ DZ6YL VYJF J[RF6YL YTF 38F0F JWFZFGL GM\W 56 VF ZHL:8ZDF

YFI K[P T[ JM0SL HIFZ[ jIFI K[ tIFZ[ UFI AG[ K[P VFYL JM0SLGF JU"DF GFGL ;\bIF VMKL YX[ VG[

UFIJU"DF\ V[SGM JWFZM YX[P VF GM\WJCLGM GD]GM 5+SvZ D]HA K[P

sSf 5X]HgD GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLDF 5X]GF HgDGL GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[HgD ;DIG] JHG

VG[ TFZLB UEF":YF SF/GF lNJ;4 l5TF VG[ DFTFGL lJUT TYF ArRFG[ V5FI[, VM/B G\AZGL lJUT VF

5+SDF CMI K[P 5+S v # D]HAGL GM\WJCL AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

s0f 5X]DZ6 GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+ 5Z DZ6GL GM\3 DF;JFZ CMI K[P DF;JFZ V[SL

;FY[ YTL GM\W DZ6 GF VFS0F VG[ SFZ6 5|tI[ VF56] TZT wIFG B[R[ K[P V[ VF GM\WJCL lGEFJJFGM C[T] K[P

5+Sv$ D]HA GM\WJCL AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

s.f 5X]WG GM\WJCL ov VF 5X]pK[Z 5|1F[+G]\ DCtJG] ZHL:8Z K[P VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+GF NZ[S

5X]GL JU"JFZ JLUTJFZ GM\W SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P DZ6GL GM\W 56 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P TYF JU" O[Z YTF V[S JU"

DF\YL SDL SZL ALHFJU" DF\ pD[ZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P J[RF6YL VUZ VgI ZLT[ SFID DF8[ 5|1F[5 ACFZ UI[, 5X]GL

GM\W VF ZHL:8ZDF\ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, K[P 8}\SDF\ VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[5 5ZGF NZ[S 5X]GL lJUT JFZ GM\W CMI K[P

ZMHD[/ GM\WJCLDF\ VF56G[ OST JU"JFZ ;\bIF D/[ K[P HIFZ[ VF GM\WJCLDF\ lJUT 56 CMI K[P GM\WJCL

5+Sv5 D]HAGF GD]GFDF\ AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

sV[Of 5X] DF\NUL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5X]DF\ SM. DF\NUL CMI TM T[GL JLUT 5X]GL JLUT

;FY[ DF;JFZ N{GLS GM\W YFI K[P GM\WJCL 5+Sv& D]HAGF GD]GFDF\ AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

sZf N}3 pt5FNG 5+Sov

.lTCF; 5+S H[8,]\ H N}Wpt5FNG 5+S DCtJG]\ K[P N}W pt5FNG 5+SYL U{FXF/FG]\ T[ TA[,FG]\

NZZMHG]\ N]W4 S[8,F 5X] NL9 ;Z[ZFX S[8,] N}W pt5FNG YFI K[P NZ[S 5X]G]\ N{GLS N}W4 DF;JFZ N}W4 VFHLJG


90

N}W JU[Z[ HF6L XSFI K[P N}WF/F 5X]G]\ .TLCF; 5+S H[DS[ ;{FYL JWFZ[ N}W pt5FNGGF\ lNJ;M SIF K[ JU[Z[

DFCLTL HF6L XSFI K[P

!P N{GLS pt5FNGGL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5+Sv* GF GD]GF D]HA ;JFZv;F\HGF N{GLS

N}W pt5FNGGL GM\W DF;JFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCLDF N}WF/F 5X]GF lJIF6GL TYF O/] YIFGL TFZLB

GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFYL lJIF6 AFN IMuI ;DIDF\ G O/[, 5X] TZO wIFG B[RF\I K[P 5X]GF N{GLS N}W

pt5FNG DF YTM O[ZOFZ 56 TZT wIFG[ VFJ[ K[P H[YL T[GL p5FIvIMHGF Y. XS[ K[P O/] Y. UI[, 5X]GF\

UE" lGNFG DF8[GL IFNL 56 VF ZHL:8Z 5ZYL T{IFZ YFI K[P lJIF6G[ ,F\AM ;DI YIM CMI T[JF 5X]G[

J;]SFJJF DF8[GL DFCLTL VF 5+S 5ZYL p5,aW YFI K[P VFD VF GM\WJCLGF 5|1F[+GF NZ[S 5X]GF N]WGL

DFCLTL VF5[ K[P pt5gG YI[,F N]WGF HyYFGL lJUT 56 VF5[ K[P 5|1F[+ B]A VUtIGL GM\WJCL K[P

ZP DFl;S N]W pt5FNGGL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv(GF GD]GF D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

VF GM\WJCLYL 5X] J[TZ NZdIFG DF;JFZ S[8,] N}W pt5gG YI] K[ T[GM TYF S], pt5FNGGM bIF, VFJ[ K[P

5X]GF N]WF/ lNJ;M J;]S[,F lNJ;MGL DFCLTL D/[ K[P VF GM\WJCL VMK] pt5FNG VF5TF 5X] TZO wIFG

B[\RJFDF\ p5IMUL YFI K[P VFYL4 V[ 5X]GM 5|1F+ 5ZYL lGSF, SZJFGM lG6"I ,[JFDF\ VG]S]/TF ZC[ K[P

#P VFHLJG N}W pt5FNG GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv) D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF 5+SDF\

5X]GF 5|YD lJIF6YL V[ J[RFI HFI VUZ N}W VF5T] A\W Y. HFI tIF ;]WLGF AWF J[TZGL DF;JFZ N}W

pt5FNGGL GM\W YFI K[P VF GM\WJCL ;\JW"GGL N=lQ8V[ W6L p5IMUL K[P VF 5+S 5ZYL NZ JQF[" 5X]G] S], N}W

pt5FNG S[8,] ZCI] T[GL VUFpGF JQF"GL ;FY[ T],GFtDS DFCLTL D/[ K[P NF6GL ;Z[ZFX SZTF VMKF pt5FNS

5X]GL DFCLTL VF GM\WJCLDF\ D/[ K[P H[YL K86LGF lG6"IDF\ VF GM\WJCL p5IMUL YFI K[P JW] N}W VF5TF

5X]GL DFCLTL 56 wIFG B[\R[ K[P H[YL V[JF 5X]GM TYF V[GL ;\TTLGM ;\JW"g\GDF VF56[ p5IMU SZL XSLI[

KLV[P

$P N}WF/F 5X]G]\ .lTCF; 5+S VG[ J\XFJ,L ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+GF NZ[S N}WF/F 5X]GL A[

5[-LGL lJUT CMI K[P TYF 5X]GL HgDTFZLB4 5|YD lJIF6GL p\DZ4 NZ[S J[[TZGL O/IF TFZLB4 lJIF6

TFZLB4 ArRFGL lJUT4 J;]SIF TFZLB4 NZ[S J[TZGF N}WF/ VG[ J;]S,F lNJ;MGL ;\bIF4 J[TZ NZdIFG

pt5FNG4 J[TZNL9 N{GLS ;Z[ZFX4 N}W pt5FNGGL lJUTM CMI K[P 5X]G[ SM. ZMU YIM CMI TM T[GL lJUT

GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCL N}WF/F 5X]G]\ ;DU| lR+ VF56L GHZ ;D1F pE] SZ[ K[P VFYL ;\JW"G DF8[

5X]GL 5;\NULGL SFDULZL DF8[ B}A DCtJGL GM\WJCL K[P VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv !_ D}HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P

s#f 5|HGGGL GM\WJCL ov

sVf DF;JFZ 5X] O?IFGL DFCLTLGL GM\WJCL ov N}WF/F 5X]GF 5|HGG V\U[GL VF VFJxIS

GM\WJCL K[P T[ 5+S v!! D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+ 5Z DF;JFZ N{GLS 5X] O?IFGL

AFAT GM\W SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5X]G[ S'l+D ALHNFGYL S[ S]NZTL ;[JFYL O[/jI] T[GF 56 ;F\-v5F0F GF GFD ;FY[

GM\WL CMI K[P N{lGS N}W pt5FNG GM\WJCLDF\ lJIF6GL TFZLB CMI K[P VFYL H[ T[ DF;DF\ O/JFIMuI 5X]GL


91

IFNL T{IFZ SZL VF GM\WJCL ;FY[ ;ZBFJFDF\ VFJ[ TM IYF IMuI ;DI[ G O/[,F 5X] 5|tI[ TZT H wIFG B[RF\I

K[P VG[ T[GM p5FI v IMHGF Y. XS[ K[P H[ T[ ;DI[ O/[,F 5X]GL IFNL VF GM\WJCLDF\ p5,aW YFI K[P H[GM

p5IMU SZL +6 DF; AFN UE"lGNFGG]\ VFIMHG SZL UE"WFZ6 YI] K[S[ GlC T[GL T5F; SZL XSFI K[P VG[

UE"WFZ6 G YI] CMI T[JF N]WF/F 5X]GL TFtSF,LS p5FIvIMHGF SZL XSFI K[P VFD4GM\WJCL 5|HGGGL

£lQ8V[ B]A DCtJGL K[P

sAf jIlSTUT 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTLGL GM\WJCLov N]3F/F 5X]GF O?IF AFATGL jIlSTUT GM\W

VF GM\WJCLDF SZJFDF VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv!Z D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\WJCL 5X]GL OF,] YIF

AFATGL BFTFJCL K[P ;DFgI ZLT[ N]WF/F 5X] V[S S'+LD ALHNFGYL S[ V[S S]NZTL ;[JFYL O/] Y. HTF GYLP

O/] SZJF V[S N]WF/F 5X]G[ VF5JFDF VFJ[, S], ;[JFGL lJUT VF GM\WJCLDF CMI K[P VF GM\WJCL ;[JFGL

;\bIF 5ZYL N]WF/F 5X]GF 5|HGGT\+GM ;FRM bIF, VF5[ K[P VG[ 5X]G[ pt5FNG RS|DF\ ZFBJFGL 5|S|LIFDF

;CFI E]T YFI K[P

5X] VFCFZGL GM\WJCLVM

NF6 5+S sBF6NF6 J5ZFXGL GM\WJCLfov BF6NF6 J5ZFXGL GM\WJCL 5+Sv!# GF GD]GF

D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\W JCL DF; NZDLIFG BF6NF6GF J5ZFXGM bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X] NL9 BF6

NF6GM J5ZFX TYF N]W pt5FNGG BR"GL U6TZLDF p5IMUL YFI K[P

3F;RFZF 5+S s3F;RFZF pt5FNG VG[ J5ZFXGL GM\WJCLfov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv!$ D]HA

AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P 5|1F[+ 5Z ,L,F VG[ ;]SF RFZFGF J5ZFXGM VF GM\WJCL bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X]GL ;\bIFDF

5|DF6DF 5]ZTM RFZM D/[ K[ S[ GCL T[GM bIF, VF GM\WJCLYL VFJ[ K[P

UF{XF/FGF lC;FAMGF\ 5+SM

UF{XF/FGF lC;FAMDF\ lC;FAL 5+SM4 ZMHD[/4 BFTFJCL4 JFpRZAL,4 5CMR4 DF;LS ;ZJ{I]4

0[0:8MS VG[ ,F.J:8MSGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

ZMHD[/ov VF 5+SMDF ZMHGL ,[J0vN[J0GM HDF pWFZ D]HA GM\W ZFBJFDF VFJ[ K[P ZMHGL ;DU|

,[J0N[J0GL GM\W VF 5+SDF ZC[TL CMJFYL T[G[ ZMHD[/ SC[ K[P

BFTFJCLov ZMHD[/ p5ZYL NZ[S BFTFGL BFTFJCL T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[P BFTFJCL p5ZYL JQF"G] HDF

pWFZGL U6TZL SZL XSFI K[P

JFpRZ AL,ov ;ZSFZL T\+ S[ ;\:YFVMDF JFpRZ 5wWTL K[P 5+SDF SM. 56 BR" AFAT[ lA, CMJ] H~ZL

K[P AL,G[ JFpRZ ;FY[ HMJFDF VFJ[ K[P JFpRZ 5|DF6[ HDFvpWFZ SZJ] ;Z/ AG[ K[P

5CMRov H[JL ZLT[ ZSD pWFZTL JBT[ lA,GL H~Z 50[ K[P T[JL ZLT[ ZSD HDSF SZTL JBT[ 5CMR VF5JL

H~ZL K[P


92

:8MS 5+Sov T[DF 0[0:8MS 5+S VG[ ,F.J :8MS 5+SGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P ,F\AF JBT ;]WL 8SL XS[ VG[

NZZMH J5ZFTF W8TL G CMI T[JL J:T]VM S[ ;FWGM 0[0:8MS 5+SDF GM\WJFDF VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ ,F.J:8MSDF

5X]WGGL GM\W6LGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

DF;LS ;ZJ{I]ov ;FDFgI ZLT[ RM50F p5ZYL NZ DF;[ TFZ6 SF-JFDF VFJ[ K[ VF TFZ6 SF-JFGL ZLTG[

;ZJ{I] SC[JFDF VFJ[ K[P T[DF lJUT[ S[8,M BR" VG[ S[8,L VFJS Y. T[ HF6L XSFI K[P ZMHGM lC;FA ZFBJF

H~ZL Ul6TDF BF; SZLG[ HDF pWFZ 5+SDF S[JL ZLT[ ,BL XSFI VG[ BFTFJCL S[JL ZLT[ AGFJL XSFI4

N]WGM lC;FA S[JL ZLT[ U6JM HM.V[ JU[Z[ AFATGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

U{FXF/FGF ZMHAZMHGF\ BR" VG[ VFJSGL GM\W DF8[ JCL ZMHD[/ lGEFJJL H~ZL K[PVF p5ZF\T VF

JCL 5Z VFWFZLT H}NFvH}NF BR"GF ;NZMGL BFTFJCL 56 ZFBJL H~ZL K[4H[YL JQF"GF V\T[ ;ZJ{I] SF-JFDF

;Z/TF ZC[P

GM\WJCLVM lGEFJJFGF OFINFov

s!f GM\WJCLVM lGEFJJFYL 5|1F[+ 5Z JU"JFZ VG[ S], S[8,F 5X]VM K[ T[GM VF56G[ bIF, ZC[ K[P H[YL

3F;RFZF VG[ BF6NF64 ZC[9F6 VG[ DH}ZMGL H~lZIFTG IMuI VFIMHG SZL XSFIP

sZf pt5FNGGL GM\WJCLVM 5|1F[+GF S], N]W pt5FNGGM bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X]GF jIlSTUT pt5FNGGM4 N]WF/

;DI GM TYF J;]S[,F ;DIGM VG[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM ;DIGM :5Q8 bIF, VF5[ K[P

s#f 5|HGGL GM\WJCLVM lAG5|HGG1FD 5X]VM TZO 5X]5F,GG] wIFG B[R[ K[P VFJF lAG5|HGG1FD

5X]VMGM .,FH G SZJFDF VFJ[ TM T[ 5|1F[+G[ VFYL"S ZLT[ AMHF~5 AG[ K[P

s$f BFNF6GL GM\WJCLVM 5|1F[+ 5Z 5X]NL9 IMuI NF6 VG[ RFZM D/[ K[S[ GCL T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P

s5f GM\WJCLVMGF DFCLTLGF VFWFZ[ 0[ZLOFD"GF jIJ:YF5SG[ 5MTFGM W\WM S[D RF,[ K[ T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P

s&f N]W pt5FNGGL DFCLTLGF VFWFZ[ 0[ZLOFD"DF\ jIJ:YF5SG[ 5MTFGM W\WM S[D RF,[ K[ T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P

s*f f N]W pt5FNGGL DFCLTLYL N]W NMCG SZGFZ DH]ZM AZFAZ NMCG SZ[ K[ S[D T[ HF6L XSFI K[P VG[ IMuI

5U,F ,. XSFI K[P

s(f GM\WJCLVMGL DFCLTL p5ZYL 5X];JW"GGF 56 lG6"IM ,. XSFI K[P BF; SZLG[ 5X]GL ;\JW"G DF8[

5;\NUL VG[ KF86LGF lG6"IM ,. XSFI K[P


93

5+Sv!

UF{XF/F ZMHGLXL GM\WJCL

DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

TFZLB 5X]GL 5X] lJIF6 3F;RFZF ;FZJFZ DZ6 VgI ;\bIF O?IFGL GM\W BF6NF6 DFCLTL

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * ( vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

5+SvZ

5X]ZMHD[/ GM\WJCL DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv TFZLB UFIMqE[\;M JFKZ0L JFKZ0F N]h6LqJ;]S[,L ! JQF" !vZ Zv# # JQF" ! JQF" !vZ Zv# # JQF" GLR[GF JQF" JQF" p5Z GLR[GF JQF" JQF" p5Z vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * ( ) !_ !! vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ;F\- A/N VgI 5X] lJUT

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

!Z !# !$ !5 5+Sv#

5X] HgD GM\W5MYL DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\P UFIqE[;G]\ lJIF6 ArRFG] ArRFGM ;F\-G] lJIF6 UE"SF/ VgI GFD VG[ TFZLB JHG G\AZ GFD VG[ YI[, lNJ; lJUT G\AZ GZqDFNF G\AZ 5X]GL TFZLB vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * ( ) vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv


94

5+Sv$

5X] DZ6 GM\WJCL DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\P TFZLB DZ6 YI[, DZ6G] lADFZ CMI TM VgI 5X]GL lJUT SFZ6 lADFZLGM ;DI lJUT vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

5+Sv5

5X]WG GM\WJCL DF;ov JQF"ov

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\ 5X]G] GFD HgD DFG] AF5G] lGSF,GL lGSF,G]\ D[G[HZGL

VG[ G\AZ TFZLB GFD GFD TFZLB SFZ6 ;CL BZLN G\AZ G\AZ TFZLB

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * (

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

5+Sv&

5X]DF\NUL GM\WJCL DF;ov JQF"ov

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\ lADFZ5X]G] HgD YIFGL DF\NULGF DF\NULG] VF5[, VgI

GFD VG[ G\AZ TFZLB lRCGM GFD ;FZJFZ lJUT vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv


95

5+Sv* N{GLS N]W pt5FNG GM\WJCL

DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\ N]WF/ 5X]G] lJIF6 K[<,[ N]Wpt5FNGslSPU|FDf DF;G] GFD VG[ TFZLB O?IF TFZLB S], N]W

G\AZ TFZLB ! PPPP PPPP #! pt5FNG ;JFZ ;F\H ;JFZ ;F\H lSPU|F

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv S], N]W pt5FNG ;JFZv;F\HslSPU|FDf vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv S], N{GLS N]W pt5FNG vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv S], N]h6F I]lG8 vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv UFIvNL9 ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNG vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv NMCG SZJFGL ZLT

5+Sov( DF;LS N]W pt5FNG GM\WJCL

JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

VPG\P lJUT N]WF/F 5X]GF GFD VG[ G\AZ !P lJIF6 TFZLB

ZP DFR" ;]WLGF N]WF/ lNJ;M

#P DFR" V\lTD S], N]W pt5FNG

$P RF,] JQF" NZlDIFG DFl;S

N]W pt5FNG

V[5|L,

D[

H]G

H],F.


96

VMUQ8

;%8[dAZ

VMS8MAZ

GJ[dAZ

l0;[dAZ

HFgI]VFZL

O[A|]VFZL

DFR"

5P RF,] JQF"G] N]W

&P RF,] JQF"GF N]WF/ lNJ;M

*P J[TZG] S], N]W pt5FNG s#+5f

(P J[TZGF S], N]WF/ lNJ;M sZ+&f

)P J;]S[,F lNJ;M

!_P #__ lNJ;G] N]W pt5FNG

5+Sv)

VFHLJG N]Wpt5FNG GM\WJCL

N]WF/ 5X]G] GFD VG[ G\AZPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 5|YD lJIF6 TFZLBPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

5|YD lJIF6GL pDZ PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

JQF" DF;JFZ N]W pt5FNG lSPU|FD

V[5|L, O[A|] HFgI] l0;[ GJ[ VMS8M ;%8[ VMUQ8 H],F. H]G D[ DFR"

S], JFlQF"S N]W pt5FNGoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

JQF"G] N{GLS ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNGoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

S|lDS N{GLS ;Z[ZFX N]W pt5FNGoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

GM\WoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


97

5+Sov!_ UFIG] .TLCF; 5+S

G;,qVM,FN oPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP DFTFql5TFo

GFDqG\AZ oPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP J[TZ N]W pt5FNG N]WF/F J;]S[,F

HgD TFZLB S[ S|D lS lNJ;M lNJ;M

BZLN TFZLB oPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP ! PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP

BZLNLGL HuIF oPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP Z PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP

lJIF6 TFZLBoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP # PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP

Z\U VG[ VM/B $ PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP

lRCG oPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 5 PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP

J[RF6 TFZLB S[ DZ6 TFZLBPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

J[RF6 S[ DZ6G] SFZ6PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

V\PG\ O[?jIF V\U[GL lJUT lJIF6 JFKZ0FGL lJUT

TFZLB ;F\-G] ;lJ"; 5LZLI0 TFZLB JHG ,L\U JHG G\AZ lGSF,

!P PPPPP PPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPP PPPPP PPPPPP PPPPPPP PPPPP PPPPPPPP

J[TZGL lJUT J;]SIF J;]S[, A[ lJIF6

J[TZGF S], N]W #__ lNP ;Z[ZFX DCTD ;Z[ZFX TFZLB UF/M JrR[GL

lNJ;M pt5FNG pt5FNG N{lGS N]W N{lGS N]W O[8GF 8SF ;Z[ZFX N{GLS

! PPPPPPPPPP PPPPPP PPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP

5+Sov!!

DF;JFZ 5X] O?IFGL GM\3JCL

DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\ TFZLB N]WF/ 5X]G] H[ ;F\-q5F0FYL S]TZLGL ;[JFS[ GM\3

GFDvG\AZ O\/J[, CMI T[G] S'+LD ALHNFG vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv


98

5+Sov!Z

jIlSTUT 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTLGL GM\3JCL

DF;ov JQF"ov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv VG]P G\ N]WF/ 5X] N]WF/ 5X]GL O/] YIFGL TFZLB4 ;F\-G] GFD4 VgI lJUT

VUZ lJIF6 TFZLBq T5F:IFGL lJUT JM0SLG] GFD JM0SL ! Z # $ 5 !_ VG[ G\AZ HgD TFZLB

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & * ( ) !_ vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

5+Sov!#

BF6vNF6 J5ZFX GM\3JCL

DF;ov JQF"ov BF6G] GFDov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv TFZLB B],TL l;,S GJM D/[, HyYM lNJ; NZLDIFG A\W l;,S GM\W

lSU|F lSU|F J5ZFX lSU|F vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

! Z # $ 5 & vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

5+Sov!$

3F;RFZF J5ZFX GM\3JCL

DF;ov JQF"ov 3F;RFZFG] GFDov vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

TFZLB B],TL l;,S GJM D/[, HyYM lNJ; NZLDIFG A\W l;,S GM\W lSU|F lSU|F J5ZFX lSU|F

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv ! Z # $ 5 & vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv


99

5X]VMDF\ ZMU lGJFZ6 DF8[GL Z;LGL HF/J6L VG[ p5IMU

0MP VDLT 5|;FN4 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,∙4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL∙4 0MP HM>X HM[X[O

VG[ 0MP ALP VFZP 58[,

D[0L;LG lJEFU4 ∙5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4


5X]VM VG[ 51FLVMDF\ lJlJW 5|SFZGF ZMUM YFI K[P T[ VF56[ HF6LV[ KLV[P VF ZMU YTF V8SFJJF

DF8[ ZMU lJZMWL Z;L 5X]VMDF\ VG[ 51FLVMDF\ D]SJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FDFgI ;\HMUMDF\ VF Z;L ZMU YJFGL

;\EFJGF CMI T[ 5C[,F D]SJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[YL ElJQIDF\ DIF"lNT ;DI DF8[ S[ ,F\AF ;DI DF8[ 5X]VMDF\ T[

ZMU YTM V8SFJL XSFIP

pt5FlNS NZ[S Z;LGL U]6JTFGL RSF;6L 0=U VG[ SM:D[8LS V[S8DF\ NXF"J[, lGIDM VG[ DFgI SZ[,

8[:8 D]HA SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ VF RSF;6LDF\ ;O/TF D/[ T[ 1F[l+I p5IMU DF8[ D]ST SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

HFGJZMDF\ ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlST D[/JJF DF8[ Z;LG]\ ;FZL U]6JTFJF/]\ CMJ] G[ 5|FYlDS VG[ 5FIFGL

H~lZIFT K[P 5Z\T] VFJL Z;LGL HF/J6L VG[ p5IMU VFNX" ZLT[ YFI T[ 56 V[8,]\ H H~ZL K[P Z;LGL ;FZL

U]6JTF CMI 5Z\T] T[GL HF/J6L VG[ p5IMU Z;LGL AM8,qV[d5I],qJFI, 5Z NXF"J[, 5lZl:YlT D]HA G

YIM CMI TM T[DF\ 5|lTSFZS XlST pt5gG SZJFGF 38SM T[GL GFX 5FDJFGL TFZLB 5C[,F D\N 50L HFI K[

VYJF GFX 5FD[ K[P T[YL Z;LGL HF/J6L VG[ p5IMU HF6JM V[ B}A H H~ZL K[P VF 5C[,F VF56[ Z;L

VG[ 5X]VMDF\ ZMU YJF ;FD[ 5|lTSFZS XlST lJQF[ 5|FYlDS ZRGF HM.V[P

;FDFgITo ZMUHGS HLJF6] S[ lJQFF6]DF\ ZMU SZGFZ EFU VG[ ZMU lJZMWL V[g8LAM0Lh pt5gG YJF

DF8[ HJFANFZ EFU CMI K[P HIFZ[ V[g8LAM0Lh pt5gG SZJFGM EFU sV[g8LHGf XZLZDF\ T[ RMSS; ZMU

SZGFZ STF" ;FD[ V[g8LAM0Lh s5|lG£jIf pt5gG SZ[ K[P

Z;LGL XMW YIF 5KL4 JUZ ZMU YI[4 H[ T[ ZMUGL Z;L VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM Z;L VF%IF 5KL YM0F

;DIDF\ XZLZDF\ T[ ZMU lJZMWL 5|lT§jI BZ[BZ ZMU VFJ[ TM T[ ZMU ;FD[ Z1F6 VF5[ K[P

VF Z;LG]\ §jI UZDL4 5|SFX VG[ VMlS;0[XGYL ,F\AFUF/[ lJ38G 5FD[ K[qGFX 5FD[ K[P VFYL VFJL

VF0 V;Z ;FD[ Z;LG[ Z1F6 VF5J]\ H~ZL K[P VFD Z;LG[ GLRF TF5DFG[ 5|SFXYLvT0SFYL Z1F6 VF5L

HF/JJL HF.V[P O|LH0=F.\U 5wWlTYL AGFJ[, Z;LG[ _ ;[P YL GLRF TF5DFG[ sv!5 ;[P YL vZ_ ;[Pf ZFBL

JW] ,F\AM ;DI HF/JL XSFI K[P T[YL H[ Z;LG[ Zv$ ;[P TF5DFG[ Z[O|LhZ[8ZDF\ HF/JJFGL ;}RGF CMI T[

D]HA VG[ H[ Z;LG[ 0L5O|LhDF\ _ ;[P YL GLRF TF5DFG[ HF/JJFGL H~lZIFT CMI T[ D]HA HF/JJL HF.V[P

Z;LGF ,[A, 5Z T[GL GFX 5FDJFGL TFZLB NXF"J[, CMI K[ T[ tIFZ[ H ,FU] 50[ K[P HIFZ[ T[G[ ;TT ;}RGF


100

D]HAGF GLRF TF5DFG[ HF/JJFDF\ VFJ[P HM VFD G SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GL GFX 5FDJFGL TFZLB VRMSS;

ZLT[ JC[,L Y. HFI K[P

VD]S Z;L O|Lh0=F.0 :J~5DF\ CMI K[P VF Z;LG[ RMSS; §FJS V[8,[ S[ 0FI<I]Vg8D\F VMUF/JL S[

DLz SZJL 50[ VG[ T[ §FJ6vlDz6 RMSS; TF5DFG[ ZFBL RMSS; ;DIDF\ p5IMU SZL ,[JM 50[ K[P HM VFD

SZJFDF\ G VFJ[ TM Z;LGL SFI"1FDTF 5Z BZFA V;Z 50[ K[P

VFD Z;LGL HF/J6L DF8[ GLRF TF5DFG[ ;\U|C SZL pt5FNG YJFYL D]SJF ;]WLGM ;DI ccSM<0 R[.G

D[.g8[Gg;cc Z;LG]\ IMuI 0F.<I]Vg8 JF5ZL T[G]\ RMSS; TF5DFG[ ZFBL VG[ RF[SS; ;DIDF\ J5ZFX SZJM T[

AFATGM ;DFJ[X SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

Z;LGF\ IMuI J5ZFX V\U[o

ZMURF/M VFJJFGL ;\EFJGF CMI T[ 5C[,F s5}ZTF 5|DF6DF\ 5|lT§jI pt5gG YJF DF8[GM ;DI

V\NFH[ Z! lNJ;f ;DIUF/M ZFBL T[ 5C[,F Z;LSZ6 SZJ]\ HM.V[P

5X]G\] VFZMuI ;FZ]\ CMJ] HM.V[P T[G[ 5]ZTL DF+FDF\ BMZFS 5F6L D/TF CMJF HM.V[P

DM8F VM5Z[XG 5KL TZT Z;LSZ6 SZJ] lCTFJC GYLP

Z;LSZ6 ;DI NZdIFG 5X]G[ 9\0L4 UZDL4 5MQF6,1FL S[ VgI TF6 s:8=[;f G CMJ] lCTFJC K[P

;L;]\4 S[0DLID4 5FZM4 JU[Z[ H[JF C[JL D[8<; 5|lTSFZS XlST s.dI]GMZL:5F[g;f 38F0[ K[P

5M,LS,MZLG[8[04 AF. lOGF., 0FIMS;LG4 V[O,F8MS;LG 56 .dI]GM;5|[;GDF\ EFU EHJL XS[ K[P

VFYL BMZFSDF\ VG[ 5F6LDF\ VFJF TtJM G CMI T[GL SF/HL ZFBJL H~ZL K[P

Z;LSZ6 SZGFZ jIlSTV[ 56 Z;LSZ6 SZTL JBT[ Z1FS VFJZ6 sC[g0 u,Mh lJPf 5C[ZJFP BF;

SZLG[ ,F.J J[S;LG DF8[ Z;LSZ6 5}Z]\ YI[ T[G[ H\T]GFXSYL WM. GFBJF VYJF GFX SZJMP Z;LSZ6

DF8[ GL0, VG[ l;ZL\H JF5ZJFP

J[S;LG .gSMd5L8LAL,L8LG[ Z;LSZ6 JBT[ wIFG ZFBJLP ,F.J J[S;LG ;FY[ OL<0 J[S;LG VF5JFYL

SL,L\U V[Hg8 ,F.J J[S;LGG[ V;Z 5CM\RF0L Z;LGF 5lZ6FDG[ V;Z 5CM\RF0L XS[ K[P

Z;LSZ6 JBT[ Z;L SIF cc~8ccYL VF5JFYL T[GL AZFAZ RSF;6L SZLG[ Z;LSZ6 SZJ]P

GFGF HFGJZM JW] ;\J[NGXL, CMI K[4 VFYL VMK]\ V[8LgI]V[8[0 J[S;LG HFGJZG[ BZFA V;Z

5CM\RF0L XS[ K[P sZMU 56 pt5gG SZL XS[f T[YL T[DF\ JW] V[8LgI]V[8[0 S[ SL<0 J[S;LGGM p5IMU

lCTFJC H6FIP

D[8ZG, V[g8LAM0LhGL CFHZL Z;LSZ6G[ V;Z 5CMRF0L XS[ K[P

5X]DF\ 5ZHLJLVMvS'lDVM CMI T[JF lS:;FDF\ 5|lTSFZS XlST VMKL pt5gG Y. XS[ K[P

Z;LSZ6 JBT[ HM 5X]DF\ VD]S ZMU CMI TM T[ Z;LSZ6G[ V;Z 5CMRF0L XS[ VYJF 5|lTSFZS XlST

D/JFGL lS|IFG[ D\N 5F0L XS[ S[ ,F.J J[S;LGG\] lJ~,g; JWFZL XS[P


101

5|lTSFZS XlST D\N SZGFZ S[8,FS ZMUSTF" VF 5|dFF6[ K[P

JFIZ,

0L;Lh V[GLD,

.gO[S;LI, A;", 0L;Lh RLSG 8SL"

DZ[S; 0L;Lh RLSG 8SL" ,LdOM.0 <I]SM;L; RLSG 8SL" .gO[S;LI;,[ZL\HLVM8=[SF.8L; RLSG 8SL" Z[8LSI],M V[g0MYL,LVM;L; RLSG 8SL"4 0S C[DMZ[HLS V[g8ZF.8L; 8SL"

AMJF.G JFIZ, 0F.C[ZLIF S[8,

AMJF.G <I]S[DLIF S[8,

.gO[S;LI;AMJF.GZF.GM 8=[SF.8L; S[8,

S[GF.G 0L:8[d5Z 0Muh

S[GF.G 5FZJM JF.Z; 0Muh

O[,F.G <I]S[DLIF S[8,

O[,F.G 5FG<I]SM5LGLIF S[8,

O[,F.G .dI]50[OL;LIg;L S[8,

V[O|LS; :JF.G OLJZ 5Lu;

.gOI]V[ghF JF.Z; 36L HFTM

lJ:GF DL0L XL5

.SJF.G .g8=[;LI; V[GLDLIF CM;L";

.SJF.G C5L"; ! VG[ $ CM;L";

HLJF6] DF.SM%,FhDF :5L;L; 8SL"h4 UM8;

5F:RI]Z[,F CLDM,F.8LSF S[8,4 XL5

5ZHLJLVM

CLDMgS; SMg8MZL8; XL5

8MS;M%,FhDF :5L;L; D[D<;4 A0";

8=L5[GM ;MdIF;L; S[8,

A[A[;LIF AMJL; S[8,

YF.,[ZLIF 5FZJF S[8,

YF.,[ZLIF V[gI],[8F S[8,

0[DM 0[S; :5L;L; 0Mu;

UFI J\XGF HFGJZM 8=L5[GM;MDF SMgUM,[g; VYJF YF.,[ZLIF V[gI],[8FYL U|:T CMI TM BZJF

DMJF;FGL Z;L ;FD[ GM\W5F+ VMKM .dI]GMZL:5Mg; 56 N[BFJ[, K[P S[8,LS NJFVM 56 5|lTSFZS XlSTG[

V;Z 5CM\RF0L K[ T[ wIFG[ ,[JL H~ZL K[P


102

.dI]GM0L5|[XG SZTL NJFVMo

V[g8LAFIM8LS;

V[DF.GMu,FISM;F.0h

H[g8FDF.;LG

;LO,M:5MZLg;

ZLOFd5L;LG

;<OF[G[DF.0h

8[8=F;F.S,Lg;

.dI]GM0L5|[;g8 NJFVM

SM8L"SM:8LZM.0;

;F.S,MOM:OFDL0

;F.S,M:5MZLG

VF p5ZF\T HIF\ B}A ZMURF/M YIM CMI tIF\ J[S;LG[XG SZJFG]\ YFI tIFZ[ ZMURF/F[ YI[, HuIFG[

S[g§DF\ U6L V[S SF<5GLS JT]"/ AGFJL 5lZ3 5ZYL J[S;LG[XG SZTF\ SZTF\ S[g§ TZO J[S;LG[XG DF8[ VFU/

JWJ]\ HM.V[P

VFD VF56[ HMI]\ S[4 Z;LSZ6GF CSFZFtDS DCTD 5lZ6FD D[/JJF DF8[ p5Z H6FjIF D]HAGF

D]NFVM wIFGDF\ ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56F 5X]WGG[ 36F ZMUMDF\YL ARFJL XSLV[ VG[ 5X]VM 5F;[YL DCTD

SFD VG[ lG5H D[/JL XSLV[P

**********


103

S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ 5X] 5|HGG ;FZJFZDF\ J5ZFTF ;FWGMGL HF/J6L

0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,



HuIF VG[ 3M0LGL UM9J6Lo

S]l+D JLI"NFG SZJF DF8[ ,MB\0GL 3M0LGL BF; H~Z 50[ K[P E[\;vUFI G[ S]l+D JLI"NFG SZTL

JBT[ SM. 5|SFZG]\ G]SXFG G YFI VG[ JLI"NFGG]\ SFD ;Z/TFYL YFI T[ DF8[ E[\;G[ 3M0LDF\ AF\WJL H~ZL K[P

K]8F HFGJZG[ 3Z VF\U6[ JLI"NFG SZL XSFT] GYLP 3M0LDF\ E[\;G[ AF\WTL JBT[ NMZ0FGM p5IMU SZJM HM.V[P

,MB\0GL ;F\S/ JF5ZJL GCLP S]l+D JLI"NFGG\] SFD ;Z/TFYL YFI VG[ JWFZ[ UE"WFZ6GL ;O/TF D/[ T[

DF8[ 3M0LG[ KF\IFDF\ UM9JJL HM.V[P H[YL ;]I" 5|SFX JLI" 5Z G 50[ VG[ JLI"DF\ ZC[,F X]S|SMQFM DZL G HFIP

3M0LGL VFH]AFH] Z_ O]8GF V\TZ[ 5F6L KF8J] HM.V[P H[YL W]/GF ZHS6 p0[ GCL4 VG[ VFJL jIJ:YF G

SZLV[ TM DG]QI HIFZ[ 5X]GL ;FY[ VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ 5X]GF TMOFG SZJFYL DF8L p0[ K[P H[ 5X]GF UEF"XIDF\ H.

5|HGG V\UMG[ G]SXFG 5CM\RF0[ K[P 3M0L XF\T VG[ RMbBL HuIFV[ UM9JJL H~ZL K[P

S]l+D JLI"NFGGF SFI"DF\ GLR[GF ;FWGMGL H~ZLIFT ZC[ K[P

s!f 8=[ s&f 0M,

sZf ;FA] s*f 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGG]\ Sg8[GZ

s#f V[5|MGs;O[NSM8f s(f S]l+D JLI"NFG UG VG[ XLY

s$f UDA]8 s)f CFY[ 5C[ZJFGF DMHF

s5f G[5SLG s!_f SFTZ

!P 8=[o S]l+D JLI"NFGDF\ J5ZFTF ;FWGM H[JF S[4 S]l+D JLI"NFG UG4 SFTZ4 G[5SLG4 ;FA] JU[Z[ D]SJF DF8

VF 8=[ GM p5IMU YFI K[P 8=[ VD]S ;DIF\TZ[ WM.G[ ;FO ZFBJL HM.V[P

ZP ;FA]o S]l+D ALHNFG SZTL JBT[ CFYG[ RLSFXI]ST SZJF DF8[ VG[ ALHNFG 5]6 " YI[ CFY ;FO SZJF DF8[

;FA]GM p5IMU YFI K[P ;FA]GF p5IMU AFN T[G[ ;FO SZLG[ T[GF BMBFDF\ D]SJM HM.V[P

#P V[5|MGs;O[NSM8fo S]l+D ALHNFG SZTL JBT[ HFGJZGF\ D/D]+YL S50F\ BZFA G YFI T[ DF8[ V[5|MG

5C[ZJM H~ZL K[PALHNFG 5]6" YIF AFN T[G[ jIJl:YT JF/L D]SL N[JM HM.V[P

$P UDA]8o S]l+D ALHNFG SZTL JBT[ 5C[ZJFYL 5U BZFA YTF\ GYL VG[ ALHNFG SZJFDF\ ;FG]S]/TF ZC[

K[P


104

5P G[5SLGo G[5SLGGM p5IMU CFY ,]KJF DF8[ VG[ UZD 5F6LDF\ GFB[, YLHJ[, JFI"GL G/LGL ,]KJF

DF8[ YFI K[P

&P 0M,o 0M,GM p5IMU CFY WMJF DF8[G]\ RMbB]\ 5F6L ZFBJF DF8[ YFI K[P

*P 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGG]\ Sg8[GZo VF Sg8[GZGM p5IMU YLHJ[,F JLI"GF 0Mh ZFBJF DF8[ YFI K[PT[DF\ K

S[lG:8Z CMI K[PH[DF\ 5F0F VG[ VFB,FGF JLI'GF 0Mh T[DGL H]NLvH]NL HFTM VG];FZ ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

5|JFCL GF.8=MHGG]\ Sg8[GZ CD[\XF 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGYL EZ[,] ZFBJ] HM.V[PH[YL V\NZ ZC[,F JLI"G[ G]SXFG

YFI GCLPVF Sg8[GZG[ HIFZ[ H~Z CMI tIFZ[ H BM,J] HM.V[ VG[ T[GM p5IMU 5]6" YI[ TZT H T[G] \ -F\S6

A\W SZJ] HM.V[ H[YL 5|JFCL GF.8=MHG AFQ5[EJG £FZF jII YFI GCLPVF Sg8[GZG[ V[S HuIFV[YL ALHL

HuIFV[ ,. HJF DF8[ 3;[0J] HM.V[ GCL 5Z\T] p\RSLG[ ,. HJ]\ HM.V[PHM Sg8[GZDF\ SM. BZFALqBFDL

H6FI TM T[G[ TZT H AN,L GFBJ]\ HM.V[P

(P S]l+D JLI"NFG UG VG[ XLYo S]l+D ALHNFGG]\ VF V[S VUtIG]\ ;FWG K[P P S]l+D JLI"NFG UG

GFGLs_PZ5 lDP,LPf4 DwIDs_P5_ lDP,LPf4 VG[ I]lGJ;", V[D +6 5|SFZGL CMI K[P S]l+D JLI"NFG UGGL

ZRGF HM.V[ TM T[DF\ WFT]GL 5M,L G/L CMI K[PH[DF\ WFT]GM 5FT/M ;/LIM C,GvR,G Y. XS[ T[D

UM9JFI[, CMI K[PWFT]GL 5M,L G/L 5Z V[S %,Fl:8S ZL\U CMI K[ H[GM p5IMU ALHNFG JBT[ S]l+D JLI"NFG

XLY VG[ T[DF\ ZC[, JLI"GL G/L G[ HS0L ZFBJF DF8[ YFI K[P S]l+D JLI"NFG UGG[ DFNF HFGJZGL IMGL DZOT

UEF"XIDF\ NFB, SIF" AFN ;LZL\h NAFJJFYL JLI"NFG YFI K[PJLI"NFG 5]6" YIF AFN S]l+D JLI"NFG XLY VG[

J5ZFI[, JLI"GL G/LG[ S]l+D JLI"NFG UGDF\YL N]Z SZL S]l+D JLI"NFG UGG[ 5F6LYL AZFAZ ;FO

SZL4;]SJLG[ T[GF AM1FDF\ D]SJL HM.V[P

)P CFY[ 5C[ZJFGF DMHFo NZ[S S]l+D JFI"NFG JBT[ GJF DMHF 5C[ZJF H~ZL K[PT[GFYL ALHNFG SZGFZ

jIlSTGF CFY AU0TF GYL VG[ HFGJZG[ SM. ZMU CMI TM R[5 ,FUTM GYLP

!_P SFTZo SFTZGM p5IMU S]l+D JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ YLHJ[, JLI"GL G/LG[ SF5JF DF8[ YFI K[P

JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ wIFGDF\ ZFBJFGL ;FJR[TLo

S]l+D JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ JLI"GL 8I]A S[ JLI"NFG SZJFGL SFRGL 5L5[8 p5Z ;]I"5|SFX S[ DF8LGF S6

50JF G HM.V[P S]l+D JLI"NFGGF AWF H ;FWGM 3M0L 5Z ,. H.G[ IMuI HuIFV[ UM9JJF HM.V[ VG[ HM

S]l+D JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ p5Z H6FJ[,L AWL AFATM wIFGDF\ G ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ TM UE"WFZ6 SZJFDF\ ;O/TF

D/TL GYLP V[8,F DF8[ S]l+D JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ AWL H~ZL ;FJR[TL ZFBJL HM.V[P

JLI"NFG SIFZ[ SZJ] HM.V[o

JLI"NFG HFGJZ J[TZDF\ VFjIFGF DwIEFUDF\ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VG[ HM J[TZDF\ G CMI TM DFl,SG[

H~ZL ;]RGF VF5LG[ J[TZDF\ G VFJ[, 5X]G[ JLI"NFG SZJ] HM.V[ GCLP J[TZDF\ G VFJ[, 5X]G[ JLI"NFG

SZJFYL UEF"XIGF D]BG[ G]SXFG YFI K[ VG[ UE"WFZ6 YT]\ GYLP VFD SZJFYL UEF"XIDF\ .HF Y. HFI

K[P SIFZ[S TM T[ SFID DF8[ GSFD]\ AGL HFI K[P


105

S]l+D ALHNFGGF ;FWGMGL H\T] D]STTF

S]l+D ALHNFGGF ;FWGMG[ H\T]D]ST SZJFGL 5w3lTVMDF\ NZ[S 5|SFZGF ;]1D HLJF6]\VMG[ ;\5}6"56[

GFA]N SZJFGL 5|lS|IFGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P JLI"G[ V[S9]\ SZJFYL DF\0L T[GF S]l+D ALHNFGDF\ p5IMU ;]WLGL

5|lS|IFGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P JLI"G[ V[S9]\ SZJFYL DF\0L T[GF S]l+D ALHNFGDF\ p5IMU ;]WLGL 5|lS|IFDF\ J5ZFTF

ZAZv 5M,LYLGGF ;FWGM4 SFRGF ;FWGM4 WFT]VMGF ;FWGM TYF H{lJS VG[ ZF;FI6LS 5NFYM" H\T]D]ST CMJF

VlGJFI" K[P VF AFATDF\ ZC[,L SM.56 lGQSF/HL lJI"NFG J0[ R[5L ZMUGF O[,FJF DF8[ HJFANFZ AG[ K[P H[

VFBZ[ jI\WtJGF lS:;FDF\ 5lZ6FD[ K[P

SM.56 ;FWGGF J5ZFX AFN 5|YD T[G[ :JrK 5F6L J0[ VG[ tIFZAFN ;FA]GF §FJ6JF/F 5F6L J0[

;FO SZJ]\ HM.V[P TLJ| 5|SFZGF 0L8ZHg8GM ACM/M J5ZFX G SZJM HM.V[P VgIYF T[ ZAZGF ;FWGMG]\

VFI]QI n8F0[ K[P ;FWGMG[ ;FO SIF" AFN OZLYL T[G[ lGQI\lNT 5F6L J0[ WMJ]\ HM.V[P H[YL SZLG[ ;FWGM ;]SFIF

AFN 1FFZ HDF YFI GCLP tIFZ 5KL ;FWGMGF B]<,F EFUvDMvG[ SFU/ VYJF ~ J0[ A\W SZLG[ VM8M,[J DF8[

T{IFZ SZJFP ;F\S0F G/FSFZ ;FWGM H[JF S[ 5L5[84 SFRGF ;/LIF lJU[Z[G[ SFU/DF\ JL8F0LG[ VM8MS,[J SZJFP

;FWGq Z;FI6GF 5|SFZ D]HA T[G[ GLR[GL RFZDF\YL SM. V[S 5wWlT J0[ H\T]ZlCT SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

s!f UZD JZF/ J0[ H\T]D]ST SZJFGL 5wWlTo

S]l+D IMGLGF p5IMU AFN T[GF EFUMG[ V,U SZJFGL H~Z GYLP T[G[ ;FA]GF §FJ6JF/F UZD

5F6LDF\ AZFAZ A|X J0[ ;FO SZJL4 H[YL S]l+D IMGLGFdFF\ ZC[, RLSFX GFA]N Y. HFIP S]l+D IMGL VG[ T[GL

AGFJ8DF\ J5ZFTF AWF ZAZGF ;FWGM4 ZAZGF\ CFYDM\HF VG[ S50F\ s0=[5fG[ H\T]D]ST SZJF DF8[ !_ 5Fpg0

NAF6 C[9/!!5P& ;[P pQ6TFDFG[ Z_ DLGL8 ;]WL VM8MS,[J ;FWGDF\ ZFBJF HM.V[P JW] 50TL UZDL T[DH

NAF6 lGJFZJ]\ HM.V[P H[YL ZAZGM VFSFZ H/JF. ZC[P VgI ;FWGM VG[ 5NFYM" H[JFS[ WFT]GF ;FWGM

sS]l+D ALHNFG UG4 :5[SI],D4 SFTZ4 lR5LIMf Z;FI6M TYF AOZ §FJ6G[ H\T]D]ST SZJF DF8[ !5 5Fpg0

5|[XZ4!Z!P# ;[P pQ6TF5DFG[ N!5 DLGL8 VM8MS,[JDF\ ZFBJ]\ HM.V[P

VM8MS,[J SIF" 5KL ;FWGMG[ UZD CJFGF S[ALG[8 sCM8 V[Z VMJGf DF\ 5_ YL &_ ;[P TF5DFG[

;]SJJF DF8[ ZFBJF HM.V[P ZAZ VG[ SFU/GF 5NFYM" DF8[ a,MVZ §FZF GLS/TL (_ ;[P TF5DFGJF/L UZD

CJFYL ;]SJJF HM.V[P AOZGF §FJ6G[ VM8MS,[J SZL 9\0] 5F0LG[ Z[O|LHZ[8ZDF\ s5 ;[P TF5DFG[f ;\U|C SZJMP

H\T]D]ST SZ[,F ;FWGMG[ CJFR]:T SAF8 sS[ALG[8f DF\ ZFBJF HM.V[P CM8 V[Z VMJGGM 56 S[ALG[8 TZLS[

p5IMU SZL XSFI K[ VG[ T[DF\ SFRGF ;FWGM ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ZAZGF ;FWGM4 S50F\ VG[S]l+D IMGL ALHF

;FNF SAF8DF\ ZFBJF HM.V[P H\T]D]ST SZ[,F ;FWGM JL\8F0[,F SFU/MG[ T[GF p5IMU ;DI[ H N]Z SZJF HM.V[

VgIYF T[ ;FWGMG[ R[5L HLJF6]\VM ,FUL XS[P

HM VM8MS,[J GFDG]\ ;FWG p5,aW G CMI TM pS/TF lGQI\NLT 5F6LDF\ !_ DLGL8 ;]WL ZFBL SFRGF

TYF ZAZGF ;FWGMG[ H\T]D]ST SZL XSFI K[P VF 5|lS|IF .g:8]D[g8 :8ZL,F.h[XG GFDGF ;FWGDF\ Y. XS[ K[P


106

sZf ;]SL CJF §FZF H\T]D]ST SZJFGL 5wWlTo

SFRGF ;FWGM H[JF S[ 5L5[84 D[hZL\U ;L,Lg0Z4 ALSZ4 R\A]4 :,F.04 lJI" U|C6 G/L4 SFRGL XLXLVM

JU[Z[G[ AZFAZ WM.4 ;FO SZLG[ ;]SjIF AFN SFU/DF\ lJ\8F/L S[ ~ GF 5]D0F\ ,UFjIF 5KL !&_ ;[P TF5DFG[ !

S,FS ;]WL CF8 V[Z VMJG GFDGF ;FWGDF\ ZFBJF HM.V[P HIFZ[ VMJGG]\ TF5DFG !__ ;[P YL JW] CMI tIFZ[

T[G[ BM,J]\ HM.V[P GCL\ VgIYF SFRGF ;FWGM VRFGS YTF TF5DFGGF O[ZOFZGF SFZ6[ T]8L HJFGM S[

NFhJFGM EI ZC[ K[P

s#f V<8F=JFIM,[8 lSZ6M §FZF H\T]D]STTFo

V<8F=JFIM,[8 s5FZ HF\A,Lf lSZ6M J0[ H{lJS 5NFYM" H[JF S[ JLI"4 TG]SFZS s0FI<I]8Zf4 XLY4 :8=M

JU[Z[G[ ,[DLGFZ O,M C]0 GFDGF ;FWGDF\ D]SL V<8F=JFIM,[8 ,F.8G[ #_ DLGL8 ;]WL RF,] ZFBL H\T]ZCLT SZL

XSFI K[P

s$f VF<SMCM, VYJF :5LZL8 §FZF H\T]D]STTFo

*_ @ VF<SMCM, VYJF :5LZL8 J0[ .\0]4 ZAZGF ;FWGM H[JF S[ ,[8[1F SMG4 ,F.GZ T[DH SFTZ4 RL5LIM

VG[ ;MIG[ H\T]D]ST SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

S[8,LSJFZ SFRGF ;FWGM W\]W/F N[BFTF CMI TM T[G[ 5M8[XLID 0FIS|MD[8 s_P5@f GF A[ EFU TYF H,N

;<OI]ZLS V[;L0GF +6 EFU VG[ lGQI\NLT 5F6LGF Z5 EFUJF/F §FJ6DF\ ZFTEZ ZFBJFDF\ VFjIF AFN

AFSLGL ;FDFZgI 5wWlTVM J0[ ;FO SZJF HM.V[P

**********

• 5|YDCZM/ s0FA[YLf o zL 5LPV[GPDMNL4 0MPS[PV[RP5ZDFZ4 0MPHLPALP;M,\SL4 0MPS[PALPJF/F4 0MP5L[PV[RP8F\S4 0MP5LPALP58[,4 0MPVFZPH[PZFJ,4 zL VFZPVFZPJNZ4 zL V[GPV[DPS]Z[XL

• £LTLICZM/ s0FA[YLfo zL JFIPV[GP58[,4 zL I]PV[RPA,MR4 zL V[DPHLPDG;]ZL4 zL S[PV[DP58[,4 zL ALP;LPZF9M04 zL V[DPVF.P5|HF5lT4 zL H[P;LPZF9M04 zL H[PJLPlD:+L4

zL V[GPV[DP58[,4zL H[PJLP;M,\SL4zL VFZPV[,PDSJF6F4 zL S[PV[,P9FSMZ

Documents

5|`GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIMc · 2013-12-30 · 5xwg lglzÙsm df8[ — v:sf0 ˆ v\tu"t —— ufi v e[\;df \ 5hgggf\ 5`gm vg vfw]lgs p5fim ˆˆ tf,ld4ufigsm,mhl ljefu4 j8zgzl sm,h4 hps]pi4