582. International Baccalaureate Global (from Wiki)

8/11/2019 582. International Baccalaureate Global (from Wiki)

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established in 1986,[8]and International Baccalaureate Asia Pacific (IBAP) established during the

same period.[9]

The IB Middle Years Programme(MYP) adheres to the study of eight subject areas and was

developed and piloted in the mid-1990s. Within five years 51 countries had MYP schools.[10]The

IB Primary Years Programme(PYP) was piloted in 1996 in thirty primary schools on different

continents, and the first PYP school was authorised in 1997,

[11]

with as many as 87 authorisedschools in 43 countries within five years.[12]The newest offering from the IB, the IB Career-related

Certificate is specially designed for students of ages 16 to 19 who want to engage in career-

related learning. The IB is introducing its newly reviewed MYP for first teaching in September

2014.[13]

Contents [hide]

1 Diploma Programme curriculum outline

1.1 Extended essay

1.2 Theory of knowledge (TOK)

2 Middle Years Programme curriculum outline

3 Primary Years Programme curriculum outline

4 The IB Learner Profile

5 Organization

6 Governance

7 Reception

8 Allegations of plagiarism

9 See also

10 References

11 External links

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Diploma Programme curriculum outline [edit]

Main article: IB Diploma Programme

Extended essay [edit]

The extended essay is an independent, self-directed piece of research, culminating in a 4,000-

word paper. As a required component, it provides:

practical preparation for the kinds of undergraduate research required at the tertiary level

an opportunity for students to engage in an in-depth study of a topic of interest within a chosen

subject. The subject can come from any of the six areas of knowledge.

Emphasis is placed on the research process:

formulating an appropriate research question

engaging in a personal exploration of the topic

communicating ideas

developing an argument.

Participation in this process develops the capacity to analyse, synthesize and evaluate knowledge.

Students are supported throughout the process with advice and guidance from a supervisor

(usually a teacher at the school).

Theory of knowledge (TOK) [edit]

Theory of knowledge (TOK) is a two year, compulsory subject for all IB diploma students. It aims to

give students a broader understanding of the interconnectedness of different school subjects as

well as creating greater open-mindedness among students and encouraging critical thinking. It is

based on a system of ways of knowing (WOK) and areas of knowledge (AOK), each of which is

Edit links

Trke
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discussed in detail.[14]The 2013 curriculum update added four new ways of knowing and two new

areas of knowledge, which started with the Autumn 2013 semester (these additions are indicated

with an asterisk). However, teachers still choose four ways of knowing along with six areas of

knowledge to focus on over the two years.

Ways of knowing:

Sense perceptionReasoning

Language

Emotion

Intuition*

Imagination*

Faith*

Memory*

Areas of knowledge:

Natural sciences

Human sciences

Arts

Mathematics

Ethics

History

Religious Knowledge Systems*

Indigenous Knowledge Systems*

Students are assessed through an oral presentation and a 12001600 word essay. The final
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score, together with the extended essay, influences the 3 additional points of the overall 45

possible total score.

Middle Years Programme curriculum outline [edit]

Main article: IB Middle Years Programme

Three fundamental concepts

Holistic learning

Intercultural awareness

Communication

Five areas of interaction

Approaches to learning

Community and service

Human ingenuity

Health and social education

Environments

Subject areas

Language Acquisition

Language and Literature

Individuals and Socieities

Mathematics

Design

Arts

Sciences
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Physical and Health Education

Culminating activity for schools offering a 4 5-year program

Personal project and Community Project[15]

Primary Years Programme curriculum outline [edit]

Main article: IB Primary Years Programme

Six transdisciplinary themes

Who we are

Where we are in place and time

How we express ourselves

How the world works

How we organise ourselves

Sharing the planet

Six subject areas

Language

Social studies

Mathematics

Arts

Science

Personal, social and physical education

Five essential elements

Concepts
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Knowledge

Skills

Attitudes

Action

The curriculum is expressed in three ways

The written curriculumThe taught curriculum

The assessed curriculum

[16]

The IB Learner Profile [edit]

The IB Learner Profile is as follows:[17]

Inquirers

Knowledgeable

Thinkers

Communicators

Principled

Open-mindedCaring

Risk-takers

Balanced

Reflective

All four programmes (PYP, MYP, DP and IBCC) use the IB learner profile.
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The International Baccalaureate aims to develop inquiring, knowledgeable

and caring young people who help to create a better and more peaceful

world through intercultural understanding and respect. To this end the

organisation works with schools, governments and international

organisations to develop challenging programmes of international education

and rigorous as sessment. These programmes encourage students across

the world to become active, compassionate and lifelong learners who

understand that other people, with their differences, can als o be right.

International Baccalaureate Mission Statement[18]

Organization [edit]

The IB is a not-for-

profit educational

foundation. The IB

maintains itsFoundation Office in

Geneva, Switzerland.

The Assessment

Centre is located in

Cardiff, Walesand the

curriculum centre moved in 2011 to The Hague, Netherlands. Three Global Centres have been

opened: Bethesda Maryland, United States, Singapore and The Hague, Netherlands.

The organisation is divided into three regional centres: IB Africa, Europe and Middle East (IBAEM),

administered from The Hague; IB Americas (IBA), administered from Bethesdaand Buenos Aires,

Argentina; and IB Asia-Pacific (IBAP), administered from Singapore.[19]

Sub-regional associations "are groups formed by and for IB school practitioners to assist IB

schools, teachers and students in their communitiesfrom implementing IB programmes to

providing a forum for dialogue."[20]

There are fifteen in the IB Africa, Europe and Middle East region. [21]

There are thirty six sub-regional associations in the IB Americas region.[22]

There are five in the Asia Pacific region. [23]

In 2003, the IB established the IB Fund, incorporated in the United States, for the purpose of

enhancing fundraising and keeping funds raised separate from operational funds. [24]In 2004, the
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IB approved a strategic plan to "ensure that programmes and services are of the highest quality"

and "to provide access to people who are socio-economically disadvantaged." [25]In 2010 the

strategic plan was updated after substantial consultation. The vision for the next 5 years was to

more consciously establish the IB as a leader in international education and the Board outlined a

vision and four strategic goals with key strategic objective.[26]

Access remains fundamental to the mission of the IB and a variety of initiatives and projects are

helping to take it forward in Ecuador, Poland, Romania, Czech republic, South Africa, Kazakhstan,

Spain, Malaysia, and Japan[27]

The United States has the largest number of IB programmes (1,665 out of 4,502) offered in both

private and public schools.[28]

It has consultative status as a non-governmental organisation (NGO) at United Nations

Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and has collaborative relationships

with the Council of Europeand the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie(OIF).[29]

Governance [edit]

The IB governance is composed of an IB Board of Governors and six committees (access and

advancement, audit, education, finance, human resources and governance). The Board of

Governors appoints the Director general, sets the strategic direction of the organisation, adopts a

mission statement, makes policy, oversees the IB's financial management, and ensures autonomy

and integrity of the IB Diploma Programme examinations and other student assessment. The

structure of its different committees are based on respect, representation and collaboration.[30]

The Board of Governors can comprise between 15 and 25 members. Members are elected by the

Board on the recommendation of the governance committee, and from nominations presented

from the Heads Council, Regional Councils and the Board. To encourage diversity of gender,
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Countries with more than 40 schools teaching

IB programmes[32]

Country Primary Middle Diploma Schools

USA 409 503 798 1,489

Canada 66 162 152 332

United Kingdom 13 11 149 156

Australia 91 41 63 151

India 48 11 93 107

Mexico 49 32 61 101

China 30 22 63 76

Spain 8 10 72 74

Germany 23 9 54 59

Ecuador 7 8 63 64

Argentina 7 2 48 49

Hong Kong 28 9 26 49

Switzerland 16 11 39 45

Sweden 10 9 32 41

culture and geography, there are only three ex officio positions: Director general (non-voting), the

chair of the Examining Board and the chair of the Heads Council. [31]

Reception [edit]

The IB Diploma Programme was described

as "a rigorous, off-the-shelf curriculumrecognized by universities around the world"

when it was featured in the December 18,

2006, edition of Timetitled "How to bring our

schools out of the 20th Century".[33]The

IBDP was also featured in the summer 2002

edition ofAmerican Educator,where Robert

Rothman described it as "a good example ofan effective, instructionally sound, exam-

based system."[34]In 2006, as part of the

American Competitiveness Initiative(ACI),[35]

President George W. Bushand Education

Secretary Margaret Spellingspresented a

plan for the expansion of Advanced

Placement (AP)and International

Baccalaureate mathematics and science

courses, with the goal of increasing the

number of AP and IB teachers and the

number of students taking AP and IB exams,

as well as tripling the number of students
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Indonesia 28 13 22 40

Poland 6 7 35 41

Turkey 15 7 31 44

Total schools 1,124 1,054 2,466 3,715

Countries 100 93 140 146

passing those exams.[35]Howard Gardner, a

professor of educational psychology at

Harvard University, said that the IBDP

curriculum is "less parochial than most

American efforts" and helps students "think

critically, synthesize knowledge, reflect on

their own thought processes and get their

feet wet in interdisciplinary thinking."[36]

In the United Kingdom in 2006, government ministers provided funding so that "every local

authority in England could have at least one centre offering sixth-formersthe chance to do the

IB."[37]In 2008, due to the devaluing of the A-Levels and an increase in the number of students

taking the IB exams, then-Children's Secretary Ed Ballsabandoned a "flagship Tony Blairpledge

to allow children in all areas to study IB." Fears of a "two-tier" education system further dividingeducation between the rich and the poor emerged as the growth in IB is driven by private schools

and sixth-form colleges.[38]

The IBDP, in the United States, has been accused in the past of being Marxist, foreign, globalist,

and anti-American. These accusations in 2006 resulted in an attempt to eliminate it from a public

school in Pittsburgh.[39][40]Some schools in the United States have eliminated the IBDP due to

budgetary reasons and low student participation.[41][42]In Utahin 2008, funding for the IBDP was

reduced from $300,000 to $100,000 after State Senator Margaret Daytonobjected to the program,

stating, "First, I have never espoused eliminating IB ...I don't want to create 'world citizens' nearly

as much as I want to help cultivate American citizens who function well in the world."[43][44]But not

everyone agrees and Mayor Rahm Emanuel of Chicago believes IB needs to be an option for

students in Chicago Public Schools.[45]Elizabeth Brackett reports on the IB in Chicago.[46]The City

of Miami Beach Commission entered into an education compact with Miami-Dade County Public
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Schools with one of the initiatives of the compact to implement the IB program throughout Miami

Beach feeder schools.[47]

In the rest of the world the IB has been well received with projects announced between the IB and

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan that will provide

Japanese students greater possibilities to take up an IB education in Japanese.[48]In Malaysia a

project has been developed in response to interest expressed by the Malaysia Ministry of

Education (MoE) in working with the IB to implement the IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) in

select secondary state schools in Malaysia.[49]The Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) signed

an agreement with the IB in efforts to widen the options offered for parents and to meet the

different needs of students in the UAE.[50]In April 2014 The King Faisal Foundation in Saudi

Arabia and the IB signed a memorandum of understanding aiming to develop up to 40 primary and

secondary schools in the Kingdom to become centres of excellence as IB World Schools including

the provision of IB Diploma Programme.[51]

Internationally the IB continues to be recognised asinnovative and in 2014 The World Innovation Summit for Education (WISE) announced the IB

Career-related Certificate as a finalist for their annual WISE Awards[52]

Allegations of plagiarism [edit]

After Jeffrey Beard, a past director-general of International Baccalaureate, gave a talk on

"Education for a Better World" on 5 August 2010 at the Chautauqua Institutionin New York State,

the institution issued a statement the next day in which it expressed "genuine disappointment" with

the talk, noting that it "drew heavily upon and quoted extensively from a speech given earlier in the

year by Sir Ken Robinson", while adding that he "neglected to cite his source or reveal the

quotations for what they were".[53]Ken Robinsonis a renowned British educationist who lives in the

United States. Through an IB spokesperson, Beard admitted that "he could have been more

explicit about the sources and authors that inspired him for the content of this speech". [53]In a
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letter sent to heads of schools that offer the IB curricula, he described this as an "unfortunate

incident" due to an "oversight".[54]

In an apparently unrelated development, the Times Educational Supplementrevealed on 8

October 2010, that significant portions of one of IB's marking guides for the IB Diploma Programme

was lifted wholesale from unattributed websites, including Wikipedia.[55]In a letter to schools, IB

director-general Beard wrote: "We have and always will take immediate and appropriate action

when we discover any violation of our policies or standards." The examiner responsible for the

plagiarism resigned from the examination board five weeks after the issue came to light.[56]

See also [edit]

Cambridge International Examinations

List of International Baccalaureate people

United World Colleges

References [edit]

1. ^"IB headquarters ." International Baccalaureate. Retrieved on 25 September 2009.

2. ^"Overview of the International Baccalaureate Organization" . Retrieved 7 December 2006.

3. ^"Three Programmes at a Glance" . Retrieved 15 July 2009.

4. ^"IB Identity Announcement" . Retrieved 14 July 2009.5. ^Marie-Thrse Maurette

6. ^"Biennial Conference of IB Nordic Schools" . ibo.org. p. 7. Retrieved 6 July 2009.

7. ^Elisabeth Fox (2001). "The Emergence of the International Baccalaureate as an Impetus to

Curriculum Reform". In Mary Hayden and Jeff Thompson. International Education: Principles and

Practice(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 141. ISBN9780749436162.

8. ^Peterson, p. 267
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11. ^http://ibo.org/history/timeline/


13. ^http://www.ibo.org/myp/

14. ^"Theory of knowledgeguide" . Retrieved 8 July 2014.

15. ^http://www.ibo.org/myp/curriculum/16. ^"International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme" . International Baccalaureate

Organization 2008. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

17. ^IB Learner Profile

18. ^"IB Learner Profile" . IB Learner Profile Booklet. ibo.org. November 2008. Retrieved 22 July

2009.

19. ^"IB Global Centres" . Ibo.org. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

20. ^"Associations of IB Schools" . Retrieved 13 July 2009.21. ^"world school associations" . Ibo.org. Retrieved 15 July 2009.

22. ^"Associations" . Ibo.org. Retrieved 15 July 2009.

23. ^"IB Asia Pacific region" . Ibo.org. Retrieved 15 July 2009.

24. ^"The president's view on Fundraising and the strategic plan" . IB World(International

Baccalaureate Organization) 40: 8. August 2004. Retrieved 13 July 2009.

25. ^"IBO strategic plan approved" . IB World(International Baccalaureate Organization) 40: 2.

August 2004. Retrieved 13 July 2009.

26. ^Strategic plan . Ibo.org. Retrieved on 17 August 2013.

27. ^"IB Annual Review" . Retrieved 17 July 2013.

28. ^"Find an IB World School" . Retrieved 18 June 2013.

29. ^"Governments" . Retrieved 14 July 2009.

30. ^"Governance Structure" . Retrieved 17 July 2009.

31. ^"The IB Board of Governors" . Retrieved 22 February 2013.

32 ^ h // ib /f / h l / b f
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32. ^http://www.ibo.org/facts/schoolstats/progsbycountry.cfm

33. ^Wallis, Claudia (10 December 2006). "How to bring our schools out of the 20th Century" . Time.

Retrieved 16 July 2009.

34. ^Rothman, Robert (Summer 2002). "A test worth teaching to" .American Educator. Retrieved 14

June 2010.

35. ^ ab"Expanding the Advanced Placement Initiative Program" . US Department of Education.

February 2006. Retrieved 28 July 2009.36. ^Gross, Jane (21 June 2003). "Diploma for the 'Top of the Top'; International Baccalaureate Gains

Favor in Region" . The New York Times. Retrieved 27 July 2009.

37. ^Shepard, Jessica (10 February 2009). "Leap from Cardiff to Amsterdam for Baccalaureate" .

Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 28 July 2009.

38. ^Clark, Laura (19 May 2009). "Fears of 'two-tier' education system as pupils taking rival exam to A-

levels rise by 40%" . Daily MailOnline. Retrieved 29 July 2009.

39. ^Ward, Paula Reed (16 February 2006). "Cutting international program embroils Upper St. Clair

board in controversy" . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 6 June 2009.[dead link]

40. ^Walters, Joanna (14 March 2006). "All American Trouble" . Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 15 July

2009.

41. ^Kranhert III, John (21 March 2009). "Pinecrest Drops IB Program" . The Pilot. Retrieved 29

September 2010.

42. ^Martindale, Scott (12 March 2008). "175 Saddleback Valley Unified teachers face layoffs" .

OCRegister. Retrieved 27 July 2009.

43. ^Dayton, Margaret (21 May 2008). "The Senate Site" . Retrieved 28 July 2009.

44. ^"League of Women Voters of Utah" . 28 February 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.

45. ^http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-12-13/opinion/ct-emanuel-byrd-bennett-cps-education-

perception-s-20131213_1_cps-schools-chicago-public-schools-mayor-and-schools-chief

46. ^http://chicagotonight.wttw.com/2012/10/25/international-baccalaureate-program

47. ^http://web.miamibeachfl.gov/scroll.aspx?id=43848

48 ^ htt // ib / t /2013/j t d t f
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fInternational_Baccalaureate&id=ma-141001200749-b745d24fhttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://www.ibo.org/facts/schoolstats/progsbycountry.cfmhttp://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1568480-3,00.htmlhttp://archive.aft.org/pubs-reports/american_educator/summer2002/testworthteaching.htmlhttp://www.ed.gov/about/inits/ed/competitiveness/expanding-apip.pdfhttp://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/21/nyregion/diploma-for-the-top-of-the-top-international-baccalaureate-gains-favor-in-region.html?pagewanted=allhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2009/feb/10/international-baccalaureate-moved-amsterdamhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1184567/Fears-tier-education-pupils-taking-rival-exam-A-levels-rise-40.htmlhttp://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06047/656217.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttp://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2006/mar/14/schools.schoolsworldwidehttp://www.thepilot.com/news/2009/mar/22/pinecrest-drops-ib-program/http://www.ocregister.com/articles/school-high-district-1997140-students-programhttp://senatesite.com/blog/2008/05/concern-with-ib-part-ii.htmlhttp://www.lwvutah.org/Legislative%20Updates/2008GeneralSession/Feb28.htmlhttp://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-12-13/opinion/ct-emanuel-byrd-bennett-cps-education-perception-s-20131213_1_cps-schools-chicago-public-schools-mayor-and-schools-chiefhttp://chicagotonight.wttw.com/2012/10/25/international-baccalaureate-programhttp://web.miamibeachfl.gov/scroll.aspx?id=43848http://www.ibo.org/announcements/2013/japanesestudents.cfm


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Wikibooks has a book onthe topic of: InternationalBaccalaureate

48. ^http://www.ibo.org/announcements/2013/japanesestudents.cfm

49. ^http:/ /www.ibo.org/ibap/news/documents/ib-aim-moa-malaysia-2013-press-vFinal.pdf

50. ^http://www.adec.ac.ae/en/MediaCenter/News/Pages/ADEC-signs-a-protocol-agreement-with-the-

International-Baccalaureate.aspx

51. ^http://www.arabnews.com/news/550946

52. ^http://www.wise-qatar.org/awards

53. ^a

b

William Stewart (17 September 2010). "Caught red-handed: IB boss plagiarising" . TimesEducational Supplement. Retrieved 6 January 2011.

54. ^William Stewart (8 October 2010). "IB chief pleads 'oversight' led to plagiarisation speech" .

Times Educational Supplement. Retrieved 6 January 2011.

55. ^William Stewart (10 October 2010). "IB lifted exam marking guides from Wikipedia" . Times

Educational Supplement. Retrieved 6 January 2011.

56. ^William Stewart (15 October 2010). "IB examiner stayed in post after Wiki plagiarism revealed" .

Times Educational Supplement. Retrieved 6 January 2011.

External links [edit]

International Baccalaureate official site

National Qualifications Frameworkin England and Walesand

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For higher levels, compare with the FHEQsystem.

Level 8 City & Guilds Fellowship,

Level 7City & Guilds Membership, National Diploma*, BTEC Advanced Professional Diploma*,

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582. International Baccalaureate Global (from Wiki)