5.6 Water Purification

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5.0 WATER AND SOLUTION

5.6 WATER PURIFICATION


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5.6 WATER PURIFICATION

Natural Sources of Water

Rain, spring, underground water, rivers, ponds,lakes, ice, snow, seas and oceans.

Reasons for Water Purification

to remove floating debris such as leaves, twigs and water weeds.

to remove suspended particles such as dust and soil particles. to remove dissolved substances

to kill microorganisms present in the water.

to remove unpleasant taste, smell and colour.

Method of Purification

Filtration

Ultraviolet light treatment Ozonation (Ozone treatment)

Boiling Chlorination Distillation


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Filtration

1. Separates solid (suspended) particles such as clay, sand and plant fromthe water.

2. Does not remove dissolved substances (salt and chemical) ormicroorganism from water

3. Made up of several layers of sand and stones laid at the bottom of thewell to filter the underground water. Nowadays, modern home install

water filter to filter incoming piped water.

METHODS OF WATER PURIFICATION


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BOILING

Boiling kills most of themicroorganisms.

CHLORINATION

Chlorine is added to the waterto kill the microorganisms.


Both methods does not remove any dissolved materials and

suspended particles from water.


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Distillation


Used to obtain pure water which is free from any impurities; not

contain any dissolves salt or chemical, solid particles and

microorganisms.

Involves two processes boiling and condensation

The water is boiled and steam produced is collected and cooled

so that it condenses back into pure water.

Distilled water is widely use as battery water and to prepare

medicines, chemical solution ,cosmetic and in dialysis machines.


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5.7 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM


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PROCESS OF WATER TREATMENT

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PROCESS OF WATER TREATMENT


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WAY TO SAVE WATER


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5.8 PRESERVATION OF WATER QUALITY


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Water pollutants

Pollution of water is the contamination of water by humans and

animals.

Types of water pollution include Disposal of rubbish and waste products into river.

Disposal of industrial toxic waste like chemicals, radioactive and toxic

materials into soils and drains.

Disposal of chemical such as pesticides, insecticides, chemical fertilizers

and agricultural waste into soil and drains.

Sedimentary mud cause by the construction site and logging activities.

Oil spills from tankers into sea.

PRESERVATION OF WATER QUALITY


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Effect of Water Pollution on Living Things

1. Affect Humans health: Spread diseases such as cholera and typhoid, skin diseases,

deformities in fetus and cancer

2. Death of marine or aquatic life

3. Negative effect on economy

Loss of marine life reduces the food materials and loss of income tofishermen.

Sedimentary mud cause floods and damages crops.

Polluted water increase the cost of cleaning up the environment.

The spread of diseases increases the medical cost.


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WAYS TO CONTROL WATER POLLUTION AND PRESERVE

WATER QUALITY

Conservation of water means to maintain and protect water

resources, preventing waste , loss and damage.

Preservation of water means to maintain the water sources in

their original clean unpolluted condition.

Steps should be taken:a) Educate the public

b) Ban logging and development in water catchment areas

c) Encourage people to save water

d) Encourage recycling water

e) Control and monitor the use of pesticides

f) Enforce laws

Documents

5.6 Water Purification