5 Technologies That Make Ic Engines Better

7/29/2019 5 Technologies That Make Ic Engines Better

1/4

5 TECHNOLOGIES THAT MAKE IC ENGINES BETTERs. sanyasirao

Mechanical Engineering Department, Gmrit college

Bangarammapalem(vi);S.Ravaram(md);Vizag(dt)[email protected]

AbstractIn the long run, the internal combustion engine (ICE) is on the way out and electric

motors are on the way in. They're going to stick around a while longer, and so it's very important to

make them as efficient and clean as possible.

At present, automobile industries are looking towards improving the performance of engines in the

view of fuel economy, power output, emission control and ease in production etc.

For effectively improve the engine performance the following five technologies are come into the

world. Clean diesel, direct injection, cylinder deactivation, turbochargers, and Continuous variable

valve timing and lift.

This paper tells about the above 5 techniques, and how they make IC Engines better

KeywordsClean diesel, direct injection, cylinder deactivation, turbochargers, and Continuous

variable valve timing and lift.

Introduction:

Figure: five technologies of IC Engines


2/4

1. Clean Diesel: Old diesels with impu

nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter

some advances are required.

Figure: clean diesel

Various advances such as the availabil

matter traps, better control over com

Diesel engines have better thermal

durable .Another benefit is that the

waste cooking oils and vegetable oi

The latest diesel catalysts successfu

remove ash and soot particle from

low sulfur diesel fuel contains low

2. Direct Injection: Direct injectio

engines. It has been the standard in

injection. Port-injected engines mix

fuel is mixed with air inside the cyl

cylinder from intake manifold. Due

generally yield more power when c

and design.

Figure: comp

rities produced exhaust fumes with significant amo

(exhaust dust).By reducing these impurities to mak

Figure: particulate matter trap

ity of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel, better catalysts an

ustion are making diesel engines cleaner.

fficiency than gasoline engines, and they are u

can run on biodiesel. with low cost it is made

ls such as rape seed, cotton seed and sun flowe

lly reduce NOx levels. Particulate matter trap is

xhaust and reduce pollution by make clean exh

ulfur content reduce pollution.

n is not new to the automotive world, only new

diesel engines for some time. It differs from sta

the air and fuel in the intake manifold. In direc

inder .port injection needs some time for fuel m

to time lag direct injection improves fuel effici

ompared with a port-injected engine of similar

arison of port and direct injection in petrol engi

unts of oxides of

e clean diesel

d particulate

ually more

rom animal fats,

seed

used for

ust out. Ultra

o gasoline

ndard fuel

t injection, the

ixture to reach

ncy and will

isplacement

e


3/4

At the other end of the spectrum is the power advantage. The direct-injected gasoline actually has a

cooling effect on the cylinder, and engines breathing cooler air. This cooled gasoline and cooling

air combines maximum combustion takes place can make more power.

3. Variable Displacement/Cylinder Deactivation: This feature is found on V6 and V8 engines

A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the crankcase in two banks of three

cylinders, usually set at either a right angle or an acute angle to each other, with allsix pistons driving a common crankshaft.

Figure: V6 and V8 Engines

A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the crankcase in two banks of four

cylinders, in most cases set at a right angle to each other but sometimes at a narrower angle, with

all eight pistons driving a common crankshaft.

For cylinder deactivation keeping the intake and exhaust valves closed for a particular cylinder.

An engines displacement is the volume of a single cylinder multiplied by the number of cylinders.

ICEs with this feature can simply deactivate some cylinders when less power is required,temporarily reducing the total volume of the engine cylinders and so burning less fuel.

4. Turbochargers: Turbochargers increase the pressure inside cylinders, cramming more air and

allowing combustion to generate more power. More pressure means more power. This is why

turbocharged engines typically make more than 100 horsepower per liter of engine displacement.


4/4

A turbocharger consists of two fans: one in the exhaust stream (called the exhaust turbine) and one

in the stream of air entering the engine (called the compressor turbine). Exhaust gases leaving the

engine spin the exhaust turbine, which is connected to the compressor turbine. As the compressor

turbine spins, it squeezes the air coming into the engine and increases the pressure.

5. Continuous Variable Valve Timing and Lift: Automotive engines use valves to let air and fuel

into a cylinder and exhaust fumes out. These valves are essentially small discs covering holes,

called ports. When the valve is pushed away from the port, it allows air either in or out of the

engine.. At 6000 rpm approaching the maximum engine speed in many cars each valve is opening

and closing 50 times per second. Even at such stratospheric speeds, the timing, duration, and height

of the opening and closing of the valves affect the power and fuel efficiency of an engine.

Traditional construction methods are unable to alter this timing, but advances such as Hondas i -

VTEC have made it possible to vary not only the timing of the opening and closing of the valves

but also the height to which they open.

Figure: Continuous Variable Valve Timing and Lift

CONCLUSIONS:

These 5 Technologies are the solution to produce more effective engines due to its advantages

such as more fuel economy, more engine output, quick response and cleaner emissions. This

technology can be equipped in upcoming engines with affordable cost

REFERENCES

[1] http://www.powershow.com[2] IC Engines by V.Ganeshan

[3] www.Autozine.org

[4] www.google.com

[5] www.scribed.com[6] www.Wikipedia.org

Documents

5 Technologies That Make Ic Engines Better