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Topic Spreadsheet 3 of 4 Section General Purpose Packages - (GPP) Content - What you need to know C formula involving conditions. eg. = IF ( A2 > 49, "Pass", "Fail") fully labelled charting. relative reference. absolute reference. Features of a spreadsheet package Formula involving conditions The structure of an IF function is as follows. = IF(condition, true, false). This means: ‘If the condition is met, the first action is carried out. If it is not met, the second action is carried out.’ The condition may use these mathematical symbols :- "equals " eg. A2 = 100 " is greater than " eg. A2 > 50 " is greater than or equal to" eg. A2 >= 50 "is less than" eg. A2 < 50 " is less than or equal to" eg. A2 <= 50 In this example the formula used is shown in the formula bar above the spreadsheet. The formula compares the value in cell H2 with 3000. If the value is greater than or equal to 3000 then Good is shown in cell I2. Otherwise Poor is shown. Cell references There are two types of cell references that we can us in a formula :- A relative reference will change when the formula it is in is replicated to other cells. An absolute reference will not change when a formula is replicated. Most spreadsheets use $ to mark an absolute reference. For example: = C6 * $B$18 If this formula is replicated, the reference to C6 is relative and will change according to the cells it is copied into. The reference to B18 is absolute and will not change. Absolute cell references are very useful for referring to specific cells in a spreadsheet (i.e. a wage rate or a V.A.T. percentage) 5 DGS S Grade Computing Studies Page 1

5 - Spreadsheets 3

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Cell references There are two types of cell references that we can us in a formula :- 5 = C6 * $B$18 "equals " eg. A2 = 100 " is greater than " eg. A2 > 50 " is greater than or equal to" eg. A2 >= 50 "is less than" eg. A2 < 50 " is less than or equal to" eg. A2

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Page 1: 5 - Spreadsheets 3

Topic Spreadsheet 3 of 4 Section General Purpose Packages - (GPP) Content - What you need to know

C formula involving conditions. eg. = IF ( A2 > 49, "Pass", "Fail") fully labelled charting.

relative reference. absolute reference.

Features of a spreadsheet package Formula involving conditions The structure of an IF function is as follows. = IF(condition, true, false). This means: ‘If the condition is met, the first action is carried out. If it is not met, the second action is carried out.’ The condition may use these mathematical symbols :- "equals " eg. A2 = 100 " is greater than " eg. A2 > 50 " is greater than or equal to" eg. A2 >= 50 "is less than" eg. A2 < 50 " is less than or equal to" eg. A2 <= 50

In this example the formula used is shown in the formula bar above the spreadsheet. The formula compares the value in cell H2 with 3000. If the value is greater than or equal to 3000 then Good is shown in cell I2. Otherwise Poor is shown.

Cell references There are two types of cell references that we can us in a formula :- • A relative reference will

change when the formula it is in is replicated to other cells.

• An absolute reference will

not change when a formula is replicated.

Most spreadsheets use $ to mark an absolute reference. For example: = C6 * $B$18 If this formula is replicated, the reference to C6 is relative and will change according to the cells it is copied into. The reference to B18 is absolute and will not change.

Absolute cell references are very useful for referring to specific cells in a spreadsheet (i.e. a wage rate or a V.A.T. percentage)

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DGS S Grade Computing Studies Page 1

Page 2: 5 - Spreadsheets 3

Fully labelled charting The charting function within a spreadsheet allows the user to label their chart fully. You can :-

• give the chart a title - "Sports 2005" • label the X axis - "Teams" • label the Y axis - "Points" • label the series - "S3 Results" and "S4 results" • label points on the chart

Sports 2005

1721 20

12

25

13

05

1015202530

Castle Cromwell Victoria

Teams

Poin

ts S3 ResultsS4 Results

Questions 1 Why might you use a formula involving conditions?

2 What is wrong with this formula = IF(A2, "Pass", "Fail")

3 Write down a formula for C2 that will enter "yes" if a vehicle is exceeding the speed limit of 70mph, otherwise it will enter "no".

4 Explain the difference between a relative reference and an absolute reference.

5 Show how most spreadsheets would mark an absolute reference to the cell H8.

A B C 1 12 1.03 =(A1+B1)* $A$5 2 22 1.16

3 19 1.78

4 13 1.05

6

The formula in C1has to be replicated down the next three rows. Write down what the formula would become in C2, C3 and C4.

5 87.5

7 Name three items that you could label on a chart.

A B C1 Vehicle Speed Fine2 Car 80 yes3 Lorry 50 no4 Van 70 no5 Motorbike 92 yes

D

DGS S Grade Computing Studies Page 2