5 Plant Cells

8/9/2019 5 Plant Cells

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Simple Dry Dehiscent Fruits

CAPSULE

The capsules like those of Papaverspp. (poppy) open and release their

seeds through small pores.


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EXPLOSIVE CAPSULES

Impatiensspp.; e.g.Impatiens capensis, Touch-me-not,

Before dehiscence

After


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Simple Dry dehiscent Fruits

FOLICLE

FOLICLE: resembles legume but splits along a single line of

dehiscence. The fruit of milkweeds (Asclepiasspp.)


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Simple Dry Indehiscent Fruits

ACHENE

pericarppappus

ACHENE: Pericarp is free (doesnt adhere) to the seed. One of the

most common types of fruit. In Asteraceae (the sunflower family), it

is often accompanied by thepappus which is the persistent calyx.


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http://www.hort.purdue.edu/ext/senior/fruits/images/large/strawberryflower.jpg

Origin: Aggregate Fruit

http://www.preschooleducation.com/postcard/pic/strawberry%202.gif

Fragaria- Strawberry

http://www.eeob.iastate.edu/classes/botany306/terminology/fruit/

images/strawberry-achene.jpg

Descripton (true fruit!): Dry Indehiscent Achene

superior ovary

style + stigma

Composition: True + Accessory

flower

hypogynous


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NUT

NUT: is an achene, but bigger; often not accepted as a distinct type

of fruit and referred to as an achene. E.g. the acorns of Oak

(Quercus or the nuts of chestnut tree (Castaneaspp.)


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SAMARA

SAMARA is a winged achene. E.g. Ash (Fraxinus).


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CARYOPSIS - GRAIN

CARYOPSIS: Like the achene but the pericarp fuses intimately

to the seed. The fruit of grasses (Poaceae).


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Dry Fruits

Dehiscent

Follicle-one side

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/FOLLICLE.JPG

Legume-two sides

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/LEGUME.JPG

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/CAPSULE.JPG

Capsule-multiple

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/ACHENE.JPG

Dry Fruits

Indehiscent

Achene - cypsela

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/CORN.JPG

Grain - caryopsis

http://arnica.csustan.edu/key/NUT.JPG

Nut with involucre

Example: milkweed

Example: honey locust Example: hibiscus

Example: sunflower

Example: corn

Example: oak


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Multiple fruit of mulberry (Morusspp.)


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Multiple fruit of jackfruit (Arctocarpus incissa)


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Capers (Capparis spinosa) (Capparaceae) :

flower bud are eaten


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What are Flowers for?

Plant organ for sexual reproduction

Flowers produce gametes(sex cells)


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Alternation of generations

Alternation of Generations


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Quiz 2

1.

From base to apex, what is the correct order of thefour floral organs?

A.

Petals, sepals, stamens, carpels

B.

Carpels, stamens, petals, sepals

C.

Sepals, petals, stamens, carpels

D.

Pedicel, androecium, gynoecium, perianth

E. Perianth, ovary, style, stigma


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Quiz 2

Vocabulary question

2. The definition of a legume fruit is:

A.

A completely fleshy fruit, with seeds embedded in fleshytissue.

B.

A fruit derived from a single carpel, which splits along two

lines of dehiscence.

C.

A dry, indehiscent fruit in which the pericarp does not fuseto the seed.

D.

A dry, dehiscent fruit composed of two or more fused

carpels.


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Quiz 2

Vocabulary question

3. The definition of gynoeciumis:

A.

The collective term for the calyx and corolla.

B. The collective term for the sepals.

C.

The collective term for the stamens.

D.

The collective term for all the gamete-producing floral

organs.

E. The collective term for the pistils of a flower.


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Quiz 2

Vocabulary question

4. The definition of inflorescence is:

A.

A flowering plant.

B. A flower cluster, with a definite arrangement of flowers.

C.

A fruit composed of multiple fused carpels.

D.

A region of tissue primarily concerned with the formation

of new cells.

E. The same thing as flower.


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Quiz 2

Reading question

5. What is a structural difference that exists between the leaves

of most monocots (such as grasses) and those of the

majority of other flowering plants?

A.

Monocot leaves develop secondary growth.

B. Most non-monocot leaves develop secondary growth.

C.

Most non-monocot leaves are divided into a petiole and a

blade.

D. Most monocot leaves have net venation.

E.

Most non-monocot leaves have parallel venation.

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