5. Ordination of Aaron and His Sons

8/9/2019 5. Ordination of Aaron and His Sons

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/5-ordination-of-aaron-and-his-sons 1/55

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/6!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

The Ordination

of Aaron and His Sons

1) Rite of separation from the previous state;

2) Interval (a 7-day period of isolation within

the Tent of Meeting); and

3) Full exercise of priestly functions and

obligations.



/7!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation

from the previous state (8: 1-36)

The phrase, “As the Lord commanded him”

occurs seven times in Leviticus 8 (vv. 4,

9, 13, 17, 21, 29, and 36), subdividing

the chapter into seven cohesive sections,

the scaffolding upon which Leviticus 8 is

built.



Interestingly, the same phrase—“As the

Lord commanded him”—occurs seven

times introducing both the making of

the priestly vestments (Exodus 39: 1-31)

and the assembling of the

Tabernacle (Exodus 40: 17-38).

This is a beautiful example of the

intricate craftsmanship and structural

cohesion of Exodus/Leviticus

.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 08



0/!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



00!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 1

(8: 1-4a)

“The Lord said to Moses: Take Aaron

1

along with his

sons

2

the vestments

3

the anointing oil

4

the bull for a

purification [sin] offering

5

the two rams

6

and the

basket of unleavened bread

7

then assemble the whole

community at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

Moses did as the Lord had commanded [him].”

Since the priests will act on behalf of the entire community,

the entire community assembles for the consecration. And

notice that the 7 items mentioned are listed in the order in

which they will be used. Very nice



01!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



02!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 2

(8: 4b-9)

“When the community had assembled at the entrance of

the tent of meeting Moses told them: ‘This is what

the Lord has ordered to be done.’ Bringing forward

Aaron and his sons Moses first washed them with

water

1

. Then he put the tunic on Aaron

2

girded him

with the sash

3

clothed him with the robe

4

placed the

ephod on him

5

and girded him with the ephod’s

embroidered belt fastening the ephod on him with it

6

.

He then set the breastpiece on him

7

putting the Urim

and Thummim in it

8

. He put the turban on his head

9

attaching the gold medallion the sacred headband on

the front of the turban

10

as the Lord had commanded

[him] Moses to do.”



03!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Notice in Section 2 that

Aaron’s vestments consist

of 8 items: 4

undergarments and 4

outer garments. Each

item is preceded by the

definite article “the,”

reminding us that the

items were already

stipulated in Exodus,

subtly reinforcing the

structural cohesion of

Exodus and Leviticus.



04!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



05!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 3

(8: 10-13)

“Taking the anointing oil Moses anointed and

consecrated the tabernacle and all that was in it.

Then he sprinkled some oil seven times on the altar

and anointed the altar with all its utensils and the

laver with its base to consecrate them. He also

poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron’s head and

anointed him to consecrate him. Moses likewise

brought forward Aaron’s sons clothed them with tunics

girded them with sashes and put skullcaps on them as

the Lord had commanded him to do.”



.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 06

The Hebrew word translated “anoint” is

mashach

, the root of the word “Messiah.”

Mashach means literally “to smear.”

“Anointing” is a ceremonial method of

elevating a person or thing

to a higher status.

Here, Aaron and his sons are

“anointed,” raising them to the

higher status of priests. Likewise, the

Tabernacle and the items in it are also

“anointed,” raised to a higher status from

profane to sacred.



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1/!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



10!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 4

(8: 14-17)

“He brought forward the bull for a purification [sin]

offering and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its

head. When it was slaughtered Moses took the blood

and with his finger he put it on the horns around the

altar thus purifying the altar. He poured out the rest

of the blood at the base of the altar. Thus he

consecrated it so that atonement could be made on it.

Taking all the fat that was over the inner organs as

well as the lobe of the liver and the two kidneys with

their fat Moses burned them on the altar. The bull

however with its hide and flesh and dung he burned in

the fire outside the camp as the Lord had commanded

[him] Moses to do.”



.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 11

1. Aaron and his sons place their hands on

the head of the sin offering. Before

continuing the ordination rite, they must

address their own inadvertent sins.

2. As Jacob Milgrom points out, blood has a

“detergent” affect, ridding

the altar of its impurities.

3. “. . . so that atonement could be

made on it [the altar]”; that is, in

the future. This refers to the

permanent function of the altar from

this point onward.



12!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



13!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 5

(8: 18-21)

“He next brought forward the ram of the burnt

offering and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its

head. When it was slaughtered Moses splashed the

blood on all sides of the altar. After the ram was cut

up into pieces Moses burned the head the cut up

pieces and the suet. After the inner organs and the

shanks were washed with water Moses burned these

remaining parts of the ram on the altar. It was a

burnt offering for a sweet aroma an oblation to the

Lord as the Lord had commanded [him] Moses.”



\4# ](58> hK#5%8@



15!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



16!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-

Section 6

(8: 22-24a; 24b-29)

“Then he brought forward the second ram the

ordination ram and Aaron and his sons laid their hands

on its head. When it was slaughtered Moses took

some of its blood and put it on the lobe of Aaron’s

right ear on the thumb of his right hand and on the

big toe of his right foot. Moses had the sons of Aaron

also come forward and he put some of the blood on

the lobes of their right ears on the thumbs of their

right hands and on the big toes of their right feet.”



.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 17

This is a VERY interesting part of the

ordination rite, daubing blood on the right

earlobes, thumbs and big toes of those being

ordained. Robert Alter insightfully observes

that this is an example of what Mary

Douglas in Leviticus as Literature calls

“correspondences”: as the horns of the altar

are daubed with blood, so are the

extremities of the priest—the right hand and

foot being the emblems of human agency

and the ear being the emblem of listening

and obedience.



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Section 6

(8: 22-24a; 24b-29)

“The rest of the blood he splashed on the altar. He then

took the fat . . . [and the best parts of the offering] one

unleavened cake one loaf of bread made with oil and one

wafer . . .. He then put all these things upon the palms

of Aaron and his sons whom he had raise them as an

elevated offering before the Lord. When Moses had

removed them from their palms he burned them on the

altar with the burnt offering. They were an ordination

offering for a sweet aroma an oblation to the Lord. He

then took the brisket and raised it as an elevated offering

before the Lord; this was Moses’ own portion of the

ordination ram as the Lord had commanded [him] Moses.”



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Rite of Separation


Seven Sections

1. 8: 1-4a

2. 8: 4b-9

3. 8: 10-13

4. 8: 14-17

5. 8: 18-21

6. 8: 22-29

7. 8: 30-36



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Section 7

(8: 30-36)

“Taking some of the anointing oil and some of the

blood that was on the altar Moses sprinkled it upon

Aaron and his vestments as well as his sons and their

vestments thus consecrating both Aaron and his

vestments and his sons and their vestments . . ..”

When Moses takes some of the oil and blood that was

on the altar and sprinkles it on the vestments of Aaron

and his sons, we have an example of sanctum

contagion: The oil and blood that was on the altar is

holy, therefore sprinkling it on Aaron, his sons and

their vestments makes them holy.



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Section 7

(8: 30-36)

“Moses said to Aaron and his sons ‘Boil the meat at

the entrance of the tent of meeting and there eat it

with the bread that is in the basket of the ordination

offering . . .. Moreover you are not to depart from

the entrance of the tent of meeting for seven days

until the days of your ordination are completed; for

your ordination is to last for seven days . . .. So

Aaron and his sons did all that the Lord had

commanded through [him] Moses.”



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Documents

5. Ordination of Aaron and His Sons