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Ag! F5053?2* Igaygj! vcpb F500!Igtp gn Luuoljy gn Iljcngtacl* Ngtpb @cyptcip* @c~cycga Pbtoo!

Ncjo` Huao 2* 45la` Fgj`oa Voyp Yl~cafy Lyygiclpcga Yot~cio Ig!Dtcla U! Ypovltp ngt @onoa`lap la` Toyga`oap Nc`ojcps Alpcgalj Lfoais

Yljoy la` Ugypcaf!AGP PG DO U_DJCYBO@ CA GNNCICLJ TOUGTPY

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Ca bcy lojjlpo dtcony* Yljoyyc tlcyoy l ycafjo fotklao joflj cyyuo8 vbopbotpbo ptclj igutp otto` vboa cp yptuim Yljoyyc&y pvg kgpcgay pg `cy|uljcns Hu`fo

Vcjjclk K! Kgatgo!]

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7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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NLIPY

7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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IOTPCNCILPO GN TOLJPO@ ILYOY

PBO NGJJGVCAF ILYOY LTO TOJLPO@ PG PBCY LUUOLJ8

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7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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+ 0 +

PLDJO GN L_PBGTCPCOY8

ILYOY ngjjgvo` ds ulfo akdoty8

Novoj ~! Novoj"

7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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PLDJO GN YPLP_POY la` GPBOT L_PGPCTCOY -ulfo akdoty

Iljcngtacl Ic~cj Ig`o 9?5< 6

II 4390"l#"d#

7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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pbo _acpo` Yplpoy cy igkkcppo` ds ysypokci kcroy gn pbo ngjjgvcaf kolay

7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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mosy pg l bgyo vcpb gdjcflpcgay pg uls ngt orgtdcplap jglay kib bcfbot pbla

pto ilyb+~ljoy "uot Ic~cj Ig`o 9?5

7/31/2019 5 16 11 Salessi Appellants Opening Brief on the Merits AND DECISION

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+ 2 +

ly jlvjoyyaoyy ca pbo yo gn jlvy* igtpy* la` ugjcio! Igaps toigt`oty guotlpo

ly bdy la` igtoy gn tolj oyplpo ngtfots la` pbonp itckoy! Lasgao ila ypolj

lasgao ojyoy bgyo vcpbgp bcy magvjo`fo gt igayoap ly jgaf ly bo ila toigt`

l ucoio gn uluot pg ybgv pblp pbo tolj oyplpo cy ca bcy alko! Ds ycaf pbcy yckujo

itcko* ca pbo ulyp pbtoo solty ljgao* 45 kcjjcga bgkoy bl~o tougtpo`js dooa

ypgjoa ds nliojoyy dlamy ds yckujs toigt`caf kcjjcgay gn utoutcapo` ntl`joap

ucoioy gn uluot iljjo` PT_YPOOY @OO@ _UGA YLJO* vbotods ag yib

yljoy bluuoao`* dp vly utopoa`o` pg bl~o giitto` a`ot pbo nljyo utopoayo

gn AGA+H_@CICLJ NGTOIJGY_TOY* la gtflacxo` itcko jofcyjlpcga yiboko` ngt

pbo ygjo utugyo gn ypoljcaf* la` jla`otcaf* tolj oyplpo ca la oa`joyy isijo!Ag klppot bgv itckcaljjs pbo ldg~o koapcgao` gikoapy lto nldtcilpo`*

joa`oty oyiluo jcldcjcps ds8 g~otpjs igttupcaf pbo fg~otakoap ntgk pbo pgu gva=

canjoaicaf igtpy pg oruo`cpo pboct pbonpy gn tolj oyplpo= djgimcaf yckujo

cahaipcgay lflcayp tgddotcoy= la` igaioljcaf pbo nlip pblp pbos bl~o ag agpoy!

Pbo tolyga dobca` igtpy yc`caf vcpb joa`oty cy pg uto~oap cyijgyto gn

pbo yoitop pblp pbo gtcfcalj nldtcilpo` gikoapy* ca ypou gao ldg~o* voto ygj`

pg gpboty ca djm "yljjs ca ptim+jgl`y# lp cyigapy* la` pbo dsoty to+djmo`

pbok la` toygj` pbok ca ybcu+jgl`y lp l``cpcgalj `cyigapy klas pckoy g~ot!

Lnpot l igujo gn djm yljoy gn yib igapotnocp jgla gikoapy* pbos lto yljjs

`oyptgso`* pg guoa yulio ngt aovot igapotnocpy* doilyo pbos bl~o utg`io`

pbgyla`y gn pgay gn yib `gikoapy* olib pga o|ljcaf kcjjcgay gn `gjjlty gn

igapotnocp kgaos! Pby* agao gn pbo gtcfcalj agpoy* la` ' gt oo`y gn ptyp orcyp

laskgto* jol~caf pbo djm gn Lkotcila tolj+oyplpo aoaikdoto`* ntoo . ijolt,

Bgvo~ot* kgto pbla pbtoo pckoy gn pbo pgplj lkgap gn pbo ylc` jglay* alkojs

g~ot

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+ 3 +

fjgdlj lip gn oafcaooto` pottgtcyk la` klyy `oyptipcga* la` `gikoapo` cp

vcpb pbo

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+

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+

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+

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+

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+

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+ +

Luuojjlap uopcpcgao` ngt l vtcp gn kla`lpo pg toyptlca pbo dclyo` h`fo

ntgk utgioo`caf vcpb pbo ilyo* vbcib bl` AGP dooa lyycfao` pg bck ngt ljj

utugyoy* pbo vtcp uopcpcga vly ykkltcjs `oaco` ds pbcy igtp* ly ljj vtcpy

o~c`oapjs lto! "p#bo tcfbp iganotto` dsIg`o gn Ic~cj Utgio`to* yoipcga * cy

l ydyplapclj tcfbp vbcib cy agv ultp gn pbo ysypok gn `o utgioyy la` h`ciclj

nlct ujls ca pbcy yplpo! Pbo igaypcppcgaljcps gn pblp yoipcga la` pbo ~ljc`cps gn pbo

ypla`lt` pbotoca ckugyo` vly uboj` ca Hgbayga ~! Yuotcgt Igtp* ?5 Ilj!4`

>39! Luuojjlap vly ca ynncicoap igkujclaio vcpb pbo yplppo ca pbcy toyuoip* la`

ycaio pbo h`fo vly ca nlip `cy|ljcnco` pg bolt pbo utojckcalts orlkcalpcga

]boto Utojckcalts Cahaipcga[ bcy lipcga pbotoga vly ~gc` "Uogujo ~! Ojjcgp* ?0

Ilj!4` 032! Pbo nlip pblp pbo o~c`oaio vly ydyplapclj vgj` agp iganot ga pbo

hypcio lpbgtcps pg bolt pbo utojckcalts orlkcalpcga la` bgj` pbo onoa`lap pg

layvot* ga pbo pbogts pblp pbo o~c`oaio vly yib pblp las gpbot hypcio boltcaf

cp vgj` bl~o gao pbo ylko pbcaf! "Uogujo ~! Utcxlap* Ilj!Luu!4` ?04* ?0?

]3 Ilj!Tupt! 424[!# Ca pbo cayplap ilyo pbo o~c`oaio vly ca pgplj nl~gt gn

luuojjlap Yljoyyc dp h`fo `cytoflt`o` ljj o~c`oaio! "Igkujlcap8 LL

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+ #* yutl!

Ga pbo dlycy gn pbo ldg~o joflj dlimftga`* ljpbgfb Yljoyyc `goy agp

botovcpb ca`ouoa`oapjs luuolj ntgk o~ots ottgaogy gt`ot* la` h`fkoap*

oapoto` lflcayp bck ca pbcy ilyo* bo utoyot~oy bcy tcfbpy pg g yg* cn aoo` do* ds

ncjcaf pbo aoioyylts yuujokoaplj dtcony vcpb jol~o ntgk pbcy igtp* pby agp

vlc~caf las cyyoy agp tlcyo` ca pbcy guoacaf dtcon!

@CYI_YYCGA8

6'2'52 IBLJJOAFO TOPTGLIPC^OJS @CY\_LJCNCO@ PTCLJ H_@FO LYGN >'0'52= BCY GT@OTY OAPOTO@ YCAIO >'0'52 LTO ^GC@ ld cacpcg8

Yljoyyc* ca yuugtp gn utg~caf pblp H`fo Kgatgo vly yotcgyjs utoh`cio`

lflcayp bck ly gn pbo caioupcga gn pbo ilyo* pbo PTG boltcaf* toutoyoapo` ds

lppgtaos Tgyy* icpoy pg pbo ptlayitcup vboto pbo h`fo kl`o oa`joyy cyultlfcaf

tokltmy lflcayp Yljoyyc* pby utoh`fcaf pbo ilyo vbcjo touolpo`js oascaf pbongtfots nlipy* `oyucpo bl~caf dongto bck utggn gn ngtfotcoy gn Yljoyycy ftlap

`oo` la` jgla gikoapy utoulto` ds ngtoayci bla`+vtcpcaf oruotp* O~l Yljxot!

Pbo h`fo kl`o ftgyyjs utoh`ciclj tokltmy lflcayp pbo nlipy gn pbo ilyo* la`

lflcayp Yljoyyc* ly yooa ca8 ]PT8 >'0'528 U! 3* J! '0'52* pbo caioupcga gn pbo jlvycp* doilyo cp cy pbo lip gn cy|ljcncilpcga vbcib

`opotkcaoy vboa ibljjoafo giity! ]@[cy|ljcncilpcga giity vboa pbo nlipy

itolpcaf `cy|ljcncilpcga ltcyo* agp vboa pbo `cy|ljcncilpcga cy oypldjcybo`!

"Ibtcypco ~! Icps gn Oj Ioaptg* yutl* * 96 Ilj!Tupt!9`

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+ # 6* 66>* 96 Ilj!Tupt!9` 6* la` pblp ca pbo

ljpotalpc~o bo vly ntpbot `cy|ljcnco` ngt ilyo utylap pg IIU

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+ '0'52* uga ncjcaf gn pbo igkujlcap* la` pbo PTG

uluoty* pbo ijotm nctyp akdoto` pbo igkujlcap vcpbgp lyycfacaf cp pg l ultpcijlt

h`fo vbcjo yplpcaf pblp ybo bl` pg nca` la l~lcjldjo h`fo vbg vgj` do ldjo pg

bolt pbo okotfoais luujcilpcga ngt l Pokugtlts Toyptlcacaf Gt`ot "PTG#* la`

Gt`ot pg Ybgv Ilyo "GYI#! Ybo nctyp ptco` pg igaplip pbo igtp gn H`fo

Almlktl* pg yoo cn bo vgj` do ldjo pg bolt pbo PTG* bgvo~ot* ybo igj` agp

jgilpo bck! Ybo iljjo` ltga` la` nga` gp pblp H`fo Kgatgo vly l~lcjldjo

pg bolt pbo PTG! Ybo pboa yplpo` pblp H`fo Kgatgo kls do ldjo pg bolt pbo

PTG* dp bo vcjj agp do pbo h`fo lyycfao` pg pbo ilyo* la` pblp pbo ilyo vcjj

utgdldjs do lyycfao` pg H`fo Almlktl! "utgdldjs doilyo Yljoyycy 4550

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+ 45 +

ilyo )50II'0'52 vbcib vly agp l igapoyp cyyo

liigt`caf pg pbo ngjjgvcaf lpbgtcpcoy* icpo` ntgk Iljcngtacl H`foy Doaib Dggm8

Pbo h`fo&y tjcafy ga pbo ngjjgvcaf psuoy gn klppoty lto agp oicycgay gaigapoypo` cyyoy gn nlip ngt pbo utugyoy gn IIU "l#"4# "acapb yoapoaio#8

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Pokugtlts toyptlcacaf gt`ot! Jla`kltm Bgj`caf Ftgu* Cai! ~ Yuotcgt Igtp

"6# agtkljjs luujcoy! Yib l jgilj

tjo ilaagp outc~o l ultps gn cpy uotokupgts ibljjoafo tcfbpy!

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+ 4< +

Yljoyyc joltao` ldgp pbo ldg~o LJJ U_TUGYO LYYCFAKOAP jlvy

~ots toioapjs "Lfyp 45'0'52* gt laspcko pbotolnpot* la` pblp doilyo gn pbcy lpgklpci cy|ljcncilpcga

onnoip* la` liigt`caf pg o~c`oaio* pbo igtp la` lppgtaos Bcimkla nldtcilpo` l

yiboko pg yd~otp pbo ctto~gildjo uotokupgts ibljjoafo ds gcaf pbo ngjjgvcaf

iblca gn ajlvnj lipy ca pgplj ~cgjlpcga gn* capot ljcl* IIU

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+ 44 +

lppgtaos Bcimkla ga 6'2'52 pg yojj pbo bgyo tcfbp lnpot pbo boltcaf gn

6'

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+ 49 +

NCA@CAFY LNPOT"LL?>+>5#! Yljoyyc `cyig~oto` pbo kcyycaf

`gikoapy ga 2'?'

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+ 40 +

yplpokoap gn `cy|ljcncilpcga! IIU

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+ 4? +

o~oa pbgfb bo maov pblp pboto lto ag jckcpy pg pbo akdot gn ibljjoafoy

ngt ilyo lflcayp l ycafjo h`fo* bo yplpo` gpbotvcyo! Ljyg pbo h`fo

~cgjlpo`I!I!U!

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+ 4> +

ONNOIP GN IIU

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+ 46 +

PBCY IG_TP GN LUUOLJ Y_KKLTCJS @OACO@YLJOYYCY VTCP

UOPCPCGA* D_P UTOYOT^O@ BCY TCFBPY GA LUUOLJ PG YPTCMO

H_@FKOAPY CYY_O@ LNPOT OTTGAG_Y @OACLJ GN IBLJJOAFO8

Pbo Iljcngtacl Yutoko Igtp boj` caUgvoty ~! Icps gn Tcibkga`"

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+ 42 +

ykkltcjs `oaco` Yljoyycy Uopcpcga ngt To~cov gn pbo `oaclj gn pbcy igtp!

Pbcy Igtp gn Luuoljy @oaclj gn Vtcp Uopcpcgay cy l Foaotlj Ugjcis8

Ygkopcko ca 4553* ly l jlv+yp`oap* Yljoyyc lppoa`o` ygko yokcalty

boj` ds pbo Gtlafo Igaps Dlt Luuojjlpo yoipcga* ly vojj ly pbo Gtlafo Igaps

Ptclj Jlvsoty Lyygiclpcga "GIPJL#! Ca gao gn pbo GIPJL yokcalty fc~oa ds l

ulaoj gn pbcy Luuojjlpo Igtpy bgagtldjo hypcioy* la` l nov h`foy* pg l jltfo

itgv` gn jlvsoty* pbo hypcioy kl`o cp uotnoipjs ijolt pblp pbcy igtp `oacoy ljj

vtcp uopcpcgay ga l tgpcao dlycy! Ca ydyplaio* pbo ngjjgvcaf cy Yljoyycy

toigjjoipcga gn pbohypcioy yplpokoapy uotplcacaf pg vtcp uopcpcgay ncjo` ca pbcy

Igtp gn Luuolj8

Vo `oas ljj vtcpy ykkltcjsCa nlip vo bl~o l hgmo ldgp vtcpy ylscaf

pblp vo bl~o l vtcp utgioyygt ycppcaf ca pbo dlyokoap gn gt igtpbgyo vcpb gao

dimop ga olib yc`o Gao dimop cy ngt pbo iboimy la` pbo gpbot cy pbo ptlyb

ila ngt pbo vtcpy Dp ca nlip sg ybgj` moou ncjcaf pbok lasvls doilyo pbos

lto l ftolp ygtio gn to~oao ngt y ]la` gn igtyo la o~oa ftolpot ygtio gn

to~oao ngt sg+ Yljoyycy ckutoyycga ca dtlimopy[!

Ljyg ca 4553* ca lagpbot kib ykljjot jaib yokcalt gn pbo Luuojjlpo Dlt*

pbo Bgagtldjo Hypcio Ycjjy cayptipo` pbo jlvsoty utoyoap vcpb ~ljldjo

luuojjlpo pcuy! Gao gn pboyo pcuy ]pg Yljoyycy ckutoyycga[ vly bgv pg onolp gtlj

ltfkoapy gn yojn+toutoyoapo` luuojjlapy* vbgyo akdoty vly ga pbo tcyo! Pbo

ydyplaio gn pbo cayptipcga* liigt`caf pg pbcy luuojjlapy toigjjoipcga* vly pg

pbo onnoip pblp8 ycaio luuojjlapy yuolm nctyp la` jlyp* mooucaf pbo klca ultp gn

ltfkoap ngt pbo yoiga` yoipcga gn pbo yuooib* ljj sg jlvsoty aoo` pg `g pg

`onolp l yojn+toutoyoapo` luuojjlap cy pg ydkcp ]agp pljm[ vboa sgt pta igkoy*

pby uto~oapcaf bck ntgk foppcaf pg bcy klca ijgycaf ltfkoap!

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+ 43 +

Pbo utugyo gn icpcaf pbo ldg~o uotygalj toigjjoipcgay gn Yljoyyc lto ngt

pbo utugyo gn tokca`caf pbcy igtp pblp cpy oaclj gn bcy Vtcp Uopcpcga vly agp ga

pbo kotcpy* la` pby cp ybgj` agp do boj` lflcayp bck ly bcy jlyp toygtp pg yop

lyc`o ~gc` gt`oty* gn la lpgklpciljjs `cy|ljcnco` h`fo! Ly pbcy igtp magvy*

la` pbo Yutoko Igtpy vodycpo ybgvy* pbo Yutoko Igtp o~c`oapjs

ykkltcjs oacoy ljj Uopcpcgay ngt To~cov gn Vtcpy* yckcjlt pg pbcy igtpy ugjcis!

Pbotongto* pbo pckojs ncjcaf gn Yljoyycy vtcp* lflcayp pbo ottgaogy `oaclj

gn bcy ibljjoafo lflcayp pbo ptclj h`fo* ybgj` bl~o* lp pbo jolyp* utoyot~o` bcy

tcfbpy* ca pbcy igtp gn luuolj* pg agv ibljjoafo pbo iblca gn gt`oty la`

h`fkoapy toa`oto` ds pbo igtp ly ~gc` ld cacpcgla` ydhoip pg to~otylj ds pbcy

igtp! Pbo ngjjgvcaf |gpo ntgk pbo h`foy Doaib+Dggm ntpbot yuugtpy pbo

luuolj lflcayp pbo ptclj h`foy gt`ot ngjjgvcaf bcy ottgaogy oaclj gn ibljjoafo

ga pbo dlycy gn igaypcppcgalj `o utgioyy gn jlv8

N! ] 6!06[ To~cov gn Gt`ot Ftlapcaf gt @oascaf @cy|ljcncilpcga8

Pbo gt`ot cy agp luuoljldjo "IIU

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+ 95 +

Yljoyycy 6'2'52 ibljjoafo* pbo h`fo vly toptglipc~ojs cy|ljcnco` ly gn >'0'52*

lp pbo caioupcga gn pbo jlvycp* doilyo cp cy pbo lip gn `cy|ljcncilpcga vbcib

`opotkcaoy cpy pcko!

IBLUOPOT

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+ 9< +

Pblp ultp gn pbo dlamtupis ilyo cy agv ga no`otlj luuolj pg toygj~o pbo

ldg~o igaptg~otys pblp pbo dlamtupis igtp itolpo` ds klmcaf pbo ldg~o

nca`cafy la` yplpokoapy* oascaf pg bl~o kl`o pbo yplpokoapy ngt l solt* la`

lnpot ncaljjs l`kcppcaf pg bl~o kl`o pbo yplpokoapy ypcjj uotycypcaf pblp pbo igtp

`c` agp kola pg klmo pbo nca`caf gn ca~ljc`cps, Pbcy bly tlcyo` osodtgvy gn

o~otsgao vbg bly ~covo` pbo gt`oty* la` jcypoao` pg pbo yga`ptlimy gn pbo

igtpy boltcafy ga DJGF ulfo JCPCFLPCGA!

IGAIJ_YCGA8

Ptclj igtp otto` ca yptcmcaf kjpcujo `cy|ljcncilpcga ibljjoafoy* vbcjo

layvotcaf la` yptcmcaf pvg gn pbok* ly pbo ibljjoafo` h`fo bly ag

`cyitopcga pg tjo ga bcy gva `cy|ljcncilpcga |oypcga* dp pg ulyy cp ga pg

lagpbot h`fo pg tjo ga! H`fo Kgatgo otto` pg `g yg* vbcjo bl~caf plmoa

la gvaotybcu capotoyp ca pbo ilyo ld cacpcg! Pbo h`fo vly agp lyycfao` pbo

ilyo ngt ljj utugyoy* dongto pbo nctyp ibljjoafo ga 6'2'52* gt laspcko

pbotolnpot* la` vly lpgklpciljjs uotokupgtcjs `cy|ljcnco` uot IIU *

gt ca pbo ljpotalpc~o* uot IIU

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+ 94 +

IOTPCNCILPO GN VGT@ IG_AP8

Liigt`caf pg pbo Kcitgygnp Vgt`+Igap pggj utgftlk pbo pgplj akdot gnvgt`y ca pbcy `gikoap* caij`caf pbcy ulfo lto8 63>0

@lpo`* Lfyp

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+ 99 +

IOTPCNCILPO GN CAPOTOYPO@ ULTPCOY

U_TY_LAP PG ILJCNGTACL T_JOY GN IG_TP* T_JO 2!4528

Luuojjlap Mltook Yljoyyc `oijltoy pblp pbo a`ot+alko` ultpcoy* gtuotygay* lto capotoypo` ca pbcy utgioo`cafy8

Pbo gnnciclj lyygiclpcgay* gt lyygiclpoy+ca+nlip* tofcypoto`* gt atofcypoto`* gnoapcpcoy c`oapcnco` a`ot pbo ngjjgvcaf alkoy lto capotoypo` ultpcoy ca pbcy

ilyo8

+ULTPCOY CA PBCY . PBO TOJLPO@ ILYOY* caij`caf dp agp jckcpo` pg8

+VGTJ@ YL^CAFY DLAM= a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

+FGJ@OA VOYP YL^CAFY LYYGICLPCGA= a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

+VLIBG^CL* a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

+VOJJY NLTFG* a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

+NC@OJCPS ALPCGALJ NCALAICLJ* a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

+IGKKGAVOLJPB PCPJO* a`ot ljj ljclyoy=

Toyuoipnjjs ydkcppo`! Mltook Yljoyyc

@lpo`* Lfyp

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UTGGN GN YOT^CIO DS KLCJ TO8

Igaygjc`lpo` Ilyoy ) F5053?2= F500

C* `oijlto8

C lk AGP l ultps pg pbcy lipcga! Ks dycaoyy l``toyy cy8

Ga * 450Igaioj ngt Vgtj` Yl~cafy'Vlibg~cl

Kt! DTCLA U! YPOVLTP* oy|!042 GJ@ AOVUGTP DJ^@!AOVUGTP DOLIB* IL! 34>>9POJ8303+?