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Distr.GENERAL

A/CONF.183/917 July 1998RUSSIANORIGINAL: ARABIC/CHINESE/

ENGLISH/FRENCH/RUSSIAN/SPANISH

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D"2D,T4H\ BD@&,*,>4, D"FF:,*@&">4b.

3. E@(:"F4, AD@8JD@D" >" B,D,*"RJ D"FF:,*@&">4b (@FJ*"DFH&J <@0,H $ZH\ B,D,F<@HD,>@

AD@8JD@D@< & H,R,>4, T,FH4 <,FbP,& B@F:, *"HZ &Z>,F,>4b D,T,>4b @ B,D,*"R, 4:4 & :`$@,

&D,>@, 42<,>,>4, @$FH@bH,:\FH& & D,2J:\H"H, >,0,:">4b

4:4 >,FB@F@$>@FH4 (@FJ*"DFH&" *@:0>Z< @$D"2@< BD@&,FH4 D"FF:,*@&">4,.

4. E@@H&,HFH&J`V,, (@FJ*"DFH&@ 4:4 AD@8JD@D <@(JH @$0":@&"H\ D,T,>4, A":"HZ

BD,*&"D4H,:\>@(@ BD@42&@*FH&" & !B,::bP4@>>@6 B":"H, & F@@H&,HFH&44 F BJ>8H@< 2 FH"H\4 82.!B,::bP4b <@0,H $ZH\ 2"F:JT">" & JF8@D,>>@< B@Db*8,.

5. 7@(*" AD@8JD@D B,D,*",H D"FF:,*@&">4, & F@@H&,HFH&44 F BJ>8H@< 2, @> <@0,H BD@F4H\

F@@H&,HFH&J`V,, (@FJ*"DFH&@ B,D4@*4R,F84 F@@$V"H\ ,<J @ N@*, BD@&@*4<ZN ^H4< (@FJ*"DFH&@<

D"FF:,*@&">46 4 :`$ZN B@F:,*J`V4N <,D"N FJ*,$>@(@ BD,F:,*@&">4b. AD4 BD,*FH"&:,>44 @H&,H@&

>" H"84, &@BD@FZ (@FJ*"DFH&"- JR"FH>484 >, *@BJF8"`H >,@BD"&*">>ZN 2"*,D0,8.

6. )@ &Z>,F,>4b B@FH">@&:,>4b A":"H@6 BD,*&"D4H,:\>@(@ BD@42&@*FH&" 4:4 & :`$@, &D,4, & F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV,6 FH"H\,6,AD@8JD@D <@0,H, & B@Db*8, 4F8:`R,>4b, 2"BD@F4H\ D"2D,T,>4, @H A":"HZ BD,*&"D4H,:\>@(@

BD@42&@*FH&" >" BD4>bH4, >,@$N@*4<ZN <,D & @$:"FH4 D"FF:,*@&">4b *:b P,:4 F@ND">,>4b

*@8"2"H,:\FH& & H,N F:JR"bN, 8@(*" FJV,FH&J,H J>48":\>"b &@2<@0>@FH\ B@:JR4H\ &"0>@,

*@8"2"H,:\FH&@ 4:4 4<,,HFb F,D\,2>"b @B"F>@FH\ H@(@, RH@ H"8@, *@8"2"H,:\FH&@ &B@F:,*FH&44

B@:JR4H\ $J*,H >,&@2<@0>@.

7. '@FJ*"DFH&@, @FB"D4&"`V,, B@FH">@&:,>4, A":"HZ BD,*&"D4H,:\>@(@ BD@42&@*FH&" &

F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV,6 FH"H\,6, <@0,H @BD@H,FH@&"H\ BD4,<:,<@FH\ *,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J &

F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 19 >" @F>@&">44 *@B@:>4H,:\>ZN FJV,FH&,>>ZN L"8H@& 4:4 FJV,FH&,>>@(@

42<,>,>4b @$FH@bH,:\FH&.

/...


EH"H\b 19

AD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 `D4F*48P44 EJ*" 4:4 BD4,<:,<@FH4 *,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J

1. EJ* *@:0,> J*@FH@&,D4H\Fb & H@<, RH@ @> @$:"*",H `D4F*48P4,6 & @H>@T,>44 *,:",>"N@*bV,(@Fb >" ,(@ D"FF<@HD,>44. EJ* <@0,H F&@4< D,T,>4,< @BD,*,:bH\ BD4,<:,<@FH\ *,:" 8

BD@42&@*FH&J & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 17.

2. AD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 BD4,<:,<@FH4 *,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J B@ @F>@&">4b<, J8"2">>Z< &

FH"H\, 17, 4:4 BD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 `D4F*48P44 EJ*" <@(JH $ZH\ BD4>,F,>Z:

a) @$&4>b,<Z< 4:4 :4P@<, >" 8@H@D@(@, B@- &4*4<@<J, $Z: &Z*"> @D*,D >" "D,FH 4:4

BD48"2 @ b&8, & EJ* & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 58;

b) (@FJ*"DFH&@<, @$:"*"`V4< `D4F*48P4,6 & @H>@T,>44 *,:", >" H@< @F>@&">44, RH@

@>@ &,*,H D"FF:,*@&">4, 4:4 J(@:@&>@, BD,F:,*@&">4, B@ *,:J 4:4 BD@&,:@ D"FF:,*@&">4, 4:4

J(@:@&>@, BD,F:,*@&">4,; 4:4

c) (@FJ*"DFH&@<, @H 8@H@D@(@ HD,$J,HFb BD42>">4, `D4F*48P44 & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@

FH"H\,6 12.

3. AD@8JD@D <@0,H BD@F4H\ EJ* &Z>,FH4 B@FH">@&:,>4, B@ &@BD@FJ @ `D4F*48P44 4:4

BD4,<:,<@FH4. AD4 D"FF<@HD,>44 &@BD@F" @ `D4F*48P44 4:4 BD4,<:,<@FH4 H,, 8H@ B,D,*":

F4HJ"P4` & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 13, " H"80, B@H,DB,&T4, <@(JH H"80, BD,*FH"&:bH\ EJ*J F&@4

2"<,R">4b.

4. AD4,<:,<@FH\ *,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J 4:4 `D4F*48P4b EJ*" <@(JH $ZH\ @BD@H,FH@&">Z H@:\8@

@*4> D"2 :`$Z< :4P@< 4:4 (@FJ*"DFH&@<, J8"2">>Z< & BJ>8H, 2. AD@H,FH *@:0,> $ZH\ 2"b&:,>

*@ >"R":" 4:4 & >"R":, D"2$4D"H,:\FH&". % 4F8:`R4H,:\>ZN F:JR"bN EJ* <@0,H D"2D,T4H\ B@*"H\

BD@H,FH $@:,, @*>@(@ D"2" 4:4 B@F:, >"R":" D"2$4D"H,:\FH&". AD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 BD4,<:,<@FH4

*,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J, 2"b&:b,<Z, & >"R":, D"2$4D"H,:\FH&" 4:4 &B@F:,*FH&44 F D"2D,T,>4b EJ*",<@(JH B@*"&"H\Fb H@:\8@ >" @F>@&">44 B@*BJ>8H" (c) BJ>8H" 1 FH"H\4 17.

5. '@FJ*"DFH&@, J8"2">>@, & B@*BJ>8H"N (b) 4 (c) BJ>8H" 2, B@*",H BD@H,FH BD4 $:40"6T,6

&@2<@0>@FH4.

6. )@ JH&,D0*,>4b @$&4>,>46 BD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 BD4,<:,<@FH4 *,:" 8 BD@42&@*FH&J 4:4

BD@H,FHZ & @H>@T,>44 `D4F*48P44 EJ*" >"BD"&:b`HFb & A":"HJ BD,*&"D4H,:\>@(@ BD@42&@*FH&".A@F:, JH&,D0*,>4b @$&4>,>46 @>4 >"BD"&:b`HFb & EJ*,$>J` B":"HJ. C,T,>4b & @H>@T,>44

`D4F*48P44 4:4 BD4,<:,<@FH4 <@(JH $ZH\ @$0":@&">Z & !B,::bP4@>>J` B":"HJ & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@

FH"H\,6 82.

7. +F:4 BD@H,FH B@*"> (@FJ*"DFH&@< & F@@H&,HFH&44 F B@*BJ>8H"<4 (b) 4:4 (c) BJ>8H" 2,AD@8JD@D BD4@FH">"&:4&",H D"FF:,*@&">4, *@ H@(@ &D,<,>4, 8@(*" EJ* &Z>,F,H @BD,*,:,>4, &

F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 17.

8. )@ &Z>,F,>4b B@FH">@&:,>4b EJ*" AD@8JD@D <@0,H 2"BD@F4H\ J EJ*" D"2D,T,>4,:

a) >" BD@&,*,>4, H"84N >,@$N@*4<ZN F:,*FH&,>>ZN <,D@BD4bH46, 8@H@DZ, J8"2">Z &

BJ>8H, 6 FH"H\4 18;

/...


b) >" B@:JR,>4, 2"b&:,>4b 4:4 B@8"2">46 @H F&4*,H,:b 4:4 >" 2"&,DT,>4, F$@D" 4

42JR,>4b *@8"2"H,:\FH&, 8@H@DZ, $Z:4 >"R"HZ *@ B@*"R4 BD@H,FH";

c) >" BD,*@H&D"V,>4,, & F@HDJ*>4R,FH&, F F@@H&,HFH&J`V4< (@FJ*"DFH&@<, B@$,(" :4P, &

@H>@T,>44 8@H@DZN AD@8JD@D J0, 2"BD@F4: @D*,D >" "D,FH & F@@H&,HFH&44 F@ FH"H\,6 58.

9. A@*"R" BD@H,FH" >, 2"HD"(4&",H *,6FH&4H,:\>@FH4 :`$@(@ *,6FH&4b, BD,*BD4>bH@(@

AD@8JD@D@<, 4:4 :`$@(@ @D*,D" 4:4 D"FB@Db0,>4b, @H*">>@(@ EJ*@< *@ B@*"R4 BD@H,FH".

10. +F:4 EJ* D,T4:, RH@ *,:@ b&:b,HFb >,BD4,<:,<Z< F@(:"F>@ FH"H\, 17, AD@8JD@D <@0,H

BD,*FH"&4H\ BD@F\$J @ B,D,F<@HD, ^H@(@ D,T,>4b, ,F:4 @> B@:>@FH\` J&,D,> & H@<, RH@ @H8DZ:4F\

>@&Z, @$FH@bH,:\FH&", & F4:J 8@H@DZN @HB"*"`H @F>@&">4b, B@ 8@H@DZ< *,:@ D">,, $Z:@ BD42>">@

>,BD4,<:,<Z< F@(:"F>@ FH"H\, 17.

11. +F:4 AD@8JD@D F JR,H@< &@BD@F@&, 2"HD"(4&",<ZN & FH"H\, 17, B,D,*",H D"FF:,*@&">4,, @>

<@0,H @$D"V"H\Fb 8 F@@H&,HFH&J`V,<J (@FJ*"DFH&J F BD@F\$@6 @ BD,*@FH"&:,>44 AD@8JD@DJ

4>L@D<"P44 @ BD@42&@*FH&, B@ *">>@<J *,:J. A@ BD@F\$, F@@H&,HFH&J`V,(@ (@FJ*"DFH&"

@$,FB,R4&",HFb 8@>L4*,>P4":\>@FH\ H"8@6 4>L@D<"P44. +F:4 &B@F:,*FH&44 AD@8JD@D BD4>4<",H

D,T,>4, BD@*@:04H\ D"FF:,*@&">4,, @> J&,*@<:b,H @$ ^H@< (@FJ*"DFH&@, 8@H@D@<J $Z:@ B,D,*">@

BD@42&@*FH&@ B@ *">>@<J *,:J.

EH"H\b 20

Ne bis in idem

1. 1" 4F8:`R,>4,< F:JR",&, BD,*JF<@HD,>>ZN & >"FH@bV,< EH"HJH,, >48"8@, :4P@ >, <@0,H

$ZH\ FJ*4<@ EJ*@< 2" *,b>4,, F@FH"&:b`V,, @F>@&J F@FH"&" BD,FHJB:,>4b, & @H>@T,>44 8@H@D@(@

*">>@, :4P@ $Z:@ BD42>">@ &4>@&>Z< 4:4 @BD"&*">@ EJ*@<.

2. =48"8@, :4P@ >, <@0,H $ZH\ FJ*4<@ >48"84< *DJ(4< FJ*@< 2" JB@<4>",<@, & FH"H\, 5BD,FHJB:,>4,, & F&b24 F 8@H@DZ< ^H@ :4P@ J0, $Z:@ BD42>">@ &4>@&>Z< 4:4 @BD"&*">@ EJ*@<.

3. =48"8@, :4P@, 8@H@D@, $Z:@ FJ*4<@ *DJ(4< FJ*@< 2" *,b>4,, 2"BD,V,>>@, H"80, B@ F<ZF:J

FH"H\b<4 6, 7 4 8, >, <@0,H $ZH\ FJ*4<@ EJ*@< 2" H@ 0, *,b>4,, ,F:4 D"2$4D"H,:\FH&@ &

*DJ(@< FJ*,:

a) BD,*>"2>"R":@F\ *:b H@(@, RH@$Z @(D"*4H\ F@@H&,HFH&J`V,, :4P@ @H J(@:@&>@6

@H&,HFH&,>>@FH4 2" BD,FHJB:,>4b, B@*B"*"`V4, B@* `D4F*48P4` EJ*"; 4:4

b) B@ 4>Z< BD42>"8"< >, $Z:@ BD@&,*,>@ >,2"&4F4<@ 4:4 $,FBD4FHD"FH>@ & F@@H&,HFH&44

F >@D<"<4 >"*:,0"V,6 2"8@>>@6 BD@P,*JDZ, BD42>">>Z<4 <,0*J>"D@*>Z< BD"&@<, 4 BD@&@*4:@F\

H"84< @$D"2@<, RH@, & FJV,FH&J`V4N @$FH@bH,:\FH&"N, >, @H&,R":@ P,:4 BD,*"H\ F@@H&,HFH&J`V,,

:4P@ BD"&@FJ*4`.

EH"H\b 21

AD4<,>4<@, BD"&@

1. EJ* BD4<,>b,H:

/...


a) &@- B,D&ZN, >"FH@bV46 EH"HJH, ]:,<,>HZ BD,FHJB:,>46 4 F&@4 AD"&4:" BD@P,*JDZ 4

*@8"2Z&">4b;

b) &@- &H@DZN, & F@@H&,HFH&J`V4N F:JR"bN, BD4<,>4<Z, <,0*J>"D@*>Z, *@(@&@DZ,BD4>P4BZ 4 >@D<Z <,0*J>"D@*>@(@ BD"&", &8:`R"b @$V,BD42>">>Z, BD4>P4BZ <,0*J>"D@*>@(@

BD"&" &@@DJ0,>>ZN 8@>L:48H@&;

c) ,F:4 ^H@ >,&@2<@0>@, EJ* BD4<,>b,H @$V4, BD4>P4BZ BD"&", &2bHZ, 4< 42

>"P4@>":\>ZN 2"8@>@& BD"&@&ZN F4FH,< <4D", &8:`R"b, F@@H&,HFH&,>>@, >"P4@>":\>Z, 2"8@>Z

(@FJ*"DFH&, 8@H@DZ, BD4 @$ZR>ZN @$FH@bH,:\FH&"N @FJV,FH&:b:4 $Z `D4F*48P4` & @H>@T,>44

*">>@(@ BD,FHJB:,>4b, BD4 JF:@&44, RH@ ^H4 BD4>P4BZ >, b&:b`HFb >,F@&<,FH4<Z<4 F >"FH@bV4<

EH"HJH@< 4 F <,0*J>"D@*>Z< BD"&@< 4 <,0*J>"D@*>@ BD42>">>Z<4 >@D<"<4 4 FH">*"DH"<4.

2. EJ* <@0,H BD4<,>bH\ BD4>P4BZ 4 >@D<Z BD"&" & F@@H&,HFH&44 F H,<, 8"8 @>4 $Z:4

4FH@:8@&">Z & ,(@ BD,*Z*JV4N D,T,>4bN.

3. AD4<,>,>4, 4 H@:8@&">4, BD"&" & F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV,6 FH"H\,6 *@:0>@ F@@H&,HFH&@&"H\

<,0*J>"D@*>@ BD42>">>Z< BD"&"< R,:@&,8" 4 >, *@BJF8"H\ >48"8@(@ >,$:"(@BD4bH>@(@ BD@&,*,>4b

D"2:4R4b B@ H"84< BD42>"8"<, 8"8 (,>*,D>Z6 BD42>"8, 8"8 ^H@ @BD,*,:,>@ & BJ>8H, 3 FH"H\4 7,&@2D"FH, D"F", P&,H 8@04, b2Z8, D,:4(4b 4:4 &,D@4FB@&,*">4,, B@:4H4R,F84, 4:4 4>Z,

J$,0*,>4b, >"P4@>":\>@,, ^H>4R,F8@, 4:4 F@P4":\>@, BD@4FN@0*,>4,, 4<JV,FH&,>>@,, F@F:@&>@,

4:4 4>@, B@:@0,>4,.

Q!EG[ 3. ?#U3+ AC3=O3AY I'?9?%=?'? AC!%!

EH"H\b 22

Nullum crimen sine lege

1. 94P@ >, B@*:,04H J(@:@&>@6 @H&,HFH&,>>@FH4 B@ >"FH@bV,<J EH"HJHJ, ,F:4 H@:\8@

F@@H&,HFH&J`V,, *,b>4, & <@<,>H ,(@ F@&,DT,>4b >, @$D"2J,H BD,FHJB:,>4b, B@*B"*"`V,(@ B@*

`D4F*48P4` EJ*".

2. ?BD,*,:,>4, BD,FHJB:,>4b *@:0>@ $ZH\ H@R>@ 4FH@:8@&">@ 4 >, *@:0>@ BD4<,>bH\Fb B@

">":@(44. % F:JR", *&JF<ZF:,>>@FH4 @BD,*,:,>4, H@:8J,HFb & B@:\2J :4P", 8@H@D@, >"N@*4HFb B@*

F:,*FH&4,<, & @H>@T,>44 8@H@D@(@ &,*,HFb FJ*,$>@, D"2$4D"H,:\FH&@ 4:4 8@H@D@, BD42>">@

&4>@&>Z<.

3. ="FH@bV"b FH"H\b >, &:4b,H >" 8&":4L48"P4` :`$@(@ *,b>4b 8"8 BD,FHJB>@(@ B@

<,0*J>"D@*>@<J BD"&J, >,2"&4F4<@ @H >"FH@bV,(@ EH"HJH".

EH"H\b 23

Nulla poena sine lege

94P@, BD42>">>@, EJ*@< &4>@&>Z<, <@0,H $ZH\ >"8"2">@ H@:\8@ & F@@H&,HFH&44 F

B@:@0,>4b<4 >"FH@bV,(@ EH"HJH".

/...


EH"H\b 24

?HFJHFH&4, @$D"H>@6 F4:Z ratione personae

1. 94P@ >, B@*:,04H J(@:@&>@6 @H&,HFH&,>>@FH4 & F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV4< EH"HJH@< 2" *,b>4,

*@ &FHJB:,>4b EH"HJH" & F4:J.

2. % F:JR", &>,F,>4b 42<,>,>4b & 2"8@>, BD4<,>4<Z6 8 *">>@<J *,:J *@ &Z>,F,>4b

@8@>R"H,:\>@(@ D,T,>4b 4:4 B@FH">@&:,>4b, BD4<,>b,HFb 2"8@>, $@:,, $:"(@BD4bH>Z6 *:b :4P",8@H@D@, >"N@*4HFb B@* F:,*FH&4,<, & @H>@T,>44 8@H@D@(@ &,*,HFb FJ*,$>@, D"2$4D"H,:\FH&@ 4:4

8@H@D@, BD42>">@ &4>@&>Z<.

EH"H\b 25

3>*4&4*J":\>"b J(@:@&>"b @H&,HFH&,>>@FH\

1. EJ* @$:"*",H `D4F*48P4,6 & @H>@T,>44 L424R,F84N :4P & F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV4<

EH"HJH@<.

2. 94P@, 8@H@D@, F@&,DT4:@ BD,FHJB:,>4,, B@*B"*"`V,, B@* `D4F*48P4` EJ*", >,F,H

4>*4&4*J":\>J` @H&,HFH&,>>@FH\ 4 B@*:,04H >"8"2">4` & F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV4< EH"HJH@<.

3. % F@@H&,HFH&44 F >"FH@bV4< EH"HJH@< :4P@ B@*:,04H J(@:@&>@6 @H&,HFH&,>>@FH4 4 >"8"2">4`

2" BD,FHJB:,>4,, B@*B"*"`V,, B@* `D4F*48P4` EJ*", ,F:4 ^H@ :4P@:

a) F@&,DT",H H"8@, BD,FHJB:,>4, 4>*4&4*J":\>@, F@&<,FH>@ F *DJ(4< :4P@< 4:4 R,D,2

*DJ(@, :4P@, >,2"&4F4<@ @H H@(@, B@*:,04H :4 ^H@ *DJ(@, :4P@ J(@:@&>@6 @H&,HFH&,>>@FH4;

b) BD48"2Z&",H, B@*FHD,8",H 4:4 B@$J0*",H F@&,DT4H\ H"8@, BD,FHJB:,>4,, ,F:4 ^H@

BD,FHJB:,>4, F@&,DT",HFb 4:4 ,F:4 4<,,H <,FH@ B@8JT,>4, >" ^H@ BD,FHJB:,>4,;

c) F P,:\` @$:,(R4H\ F@&,DT,>4, H"8@(@ BD,FHJB:,>4b B@F@$>4R",H, B@*FHD,8",H 4:4

8"84<- :4$@ 4>Z< @$D"2@< F@*,6FH&J,H ,(@ F@&,DT,>4` 4:4 B@8JT,>4` >" >,(@, &8:`R"b

BD,*@FH"&:,>4, FD,*FH& *:b ,(@ F@&,DT,>4b;

d) :`$Z< *DJ(4< @$D"2@< FB@F@$FH&J,H F@&,DT,>4` 4:4 B@8JT,>4` >" F@&,DT,>4, H"8@(@

BD,FHJB:,>4b (DJBB@6 :4P, *,6FH&J`V4N F @$V,6 P,:\`. G"8@, F@*,6FH&4, *@:0>@ @8"2Z&"H\Fb

J<ZT:,>>@ 4 :4$@:

i) & P,:bN B@**,D084 BD,FHJB>@6 *,bH,:\>@FH4 4:4 BD,FHJB>@6 P,:4 (DJBBZ & H,N

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)4BB::@@LL,,DD,,>>PP44bb … · 1998-07-17 · A/CONF.183/9 Russian Page 6 b) 4FHD,$:,>4,; c) B@D"$@V,>4,; d) *,B@DH"P4b 4:4 >"F4:\FH&,>>@,