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7/24/2019 45076789 DW1ww43 Specification for Sheet Metal Ductwork http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/45076789-dw1ww43-specification-for-sheet-metal-ductwork 1/18 A practical guide to eating and V e n tila tin g ontractors' Association D uctw ork Leakage Testing D W /143

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A p r a c t i c a l

g u i d e t o

e a t i n g a n d

V e n t i l a t i n g

o n t r a c t o r s '

A s s o c i a t i o n

D u c t w o r k

L e a k a g e

T e s t i n g

D W / 1 4 3

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D W / 1 4 3 D u c t w o r k L e a k a g e T e s t i n g A p r a c t i c a l g u i d e

C O N T E N T S

P a g e

A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s

2

C a u t i o n s

2

P r e f a c e

3

P A R T O N E

P r a c t i c a l g u i d e t o l e a k a g e t e s t i n g

4 - 6

E x a m p l e o f c o m p l e t e t e s t s h e e t

7

H i n t s o n l e a k a g e t e s t i n g

8 - 9

P A R T T W O

D u c t w o r k c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a n d a i r l e a k a g e

1 0

A p p e n d i x A : A i r l e a k a g e f r o m d u c t w o r k

1 1 - 1 3

A p p e n d i x B : A i r l e a k a g e t e s t i n g p r o c e d u r e

1 3 - 1 6

A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S

T h e

H V C A r e c o r d s i t s a p p r e c i a t i o n a n d t h a n k s t o t h e p e r s o n s a n d o r g a n i s a t i o n s w h o h a v e f r e e l y

c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h i s w o r k , a n d i n p a r t i c u l a r t o t h e m e m b e r s o f t h e D r a f t i n g P a n e l .

O r i g i n a l D W / 1 4 3 D r a f t i n g P a n e l 1 9 8 3

D u c t w o r k G r o u p T e c h n i c a l S u b - C o m m i t t e e 2 0 0 0

J .

H . G . G a r d n e r ( C h a i r m a n ) E . P o p p l e t o n ( C h a i r m a n )

K . A n g o o d

C . C o l l i n s

H . B r i e r l e y

S . V . H o w a r d

H . B r o c k l e h u r s t

B . J a m e s

P . D o y l e

J . E . M u r r a y

K . W a l d r o n

C . R o b e r t s o n

K . W h e a t l e y

G . P . K e l l e r ( S e c r e t a r y , D u c t w o r k G r o u p )

J . M . P a y n t o n ( F o r m e r S e c r e t a r y , D u c t w o r k G r o u p )

R . J . M i l l e r ( F o r m e r S e c r e t a r y , D u c t w o r k G r o u p )

F r o n t

c o v e r p h o t o g r a p h b y k i n d p e r m i s s i o n o f C o m m t e c h L i m i t e d

F I N A N C I A L C A U T I O N

I t

i s e s s e n t i a l t o r e a l i s e t h a t e x c e p t w h e r e i t i s m a n d a t o r y i n C l a s s C d u c t w o r k i n D W / l 4 4 t h i s d o c u m e n t

i s n o t a n e n d o r s e m e n t o f t h e r o u t i n e t e s t i n g o f d u c t s b u t p u r e l y a g u i d e t o o u t l i n e t h e p r o c e d u r e s ,

n e c e s s a r y f o r t e s t i n g d u c t s f o r c o n f o r m i t y w i t h a i r l e a k a g e l i m i t s .

W h e n p r o p e r m e t h o d s o f a s s e m b l y a n d s e a l i n g o f d u c t s a r e u s e d a v i s u a l i n s p e c t i o n w i l l s u f f i c e f o r t h e

v e r i f i c a t i o n o f a w e l l e n g i n e e r e d c o n s t r u c t i o n .

W H E R E N O T M A N D A T 0 R } D U C T L E A K A G E T E S T I N G I S G E N E R A L L Y A N

U N J U S T I F I E D S U B S T A N T I A L E X P E N S E .

2

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D W / 1 4 3 D u c t w o r k L e a k a g e T e s t i n g A

p r a c t i c a l g u i d e

P R E F A C E

E d g a r

P o p p l e t o n C h a i r m a n , T e c h n i c a l S u b - C o m m i t t e e D u c t w o r k G r o u p , 2 0 0 0

D u c t w o r k

S p e c i f i c a t i o n D W / 1 4 2 , p u b l i s h e d b y t h e H V C A i n 1 9 8 2 , p r o v i d e d

f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e i n a l o n g s e r i e s o f s u c h p u b l i c a t i o n s f o r l e a k a g e l i m i t s o v e r

t h e w h o l e r a n g e o f a i r p r e s s u r e s c o v e r e d b y t h e s p e c i f i c a t i o n a n d ( w h e r e

r e q u i r e d ) a t e s t p r o c e d u r e t o e s t a b l i s h c o n f o r m i t y .

A l t h o u g h l e a k a g e t e s t i n g o f h i g h - p r e s s u r e d u c t w o r k i s s t i l l m a n d a t o r y i n D W / 1 4 4

( a s w a s t h e c a s e i n p r e v i o u s d u c t w o r k s p e c i f i c a t i o n s i s s u e d b y H V C A ) t h e l e a k a g e

t e s t i n g o f d u c t w o r k d e s i g n e d t o o p e r a t e a t l o w a n d m e d i u m p r e s s u r e s i s r e q u i r e d o n l y

w h e r e s o s p e c i f i e d i n i n d i v i d u a l j o b s p e c i f i c a t i o n s .

W i t h t h e r e t e n t i o n o f t h r e e p r e s s u r e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s i n D W / 1 4 4 i t i s h o p e d t h a t

t h e d e s i g n e r , h a v i n g c o n t r o l o v e r p e r f o r m a n c e s t a n d a r d s , w i l l f i n d l e a k a g e

t e s t i n g a n u n n e c e s s a r y c o n t r a c t e x p e n s e w i t h r e g a r d t o l o w a n d m e d i u m

p r e s s u r e d u c t w o r k s e e n o t e F i n a n c i a l C a u t i o n ( p a g e 2 ) .

D u c t w o r k c o n t r a c t o r s f a c e d w i t h a j o b c a l l i n g f o r l e a k a g e t e s t i n g s h o u l d t a k e t h i s

r e q u i r e m e n t v e r y s e r i o u s l y a n d s a t i s f y t h e m s e l v e s a s t h e j o b p r o g r e s s e s t h a t t h e

r e q u i r e d l e a k a g e r a t e o r r a t e s a r e w i t h i n t h e l i m i t s s e t b y t h e d e s i g n e r o r t h e c l i e n t .

T h e c o s t o f m a k i n g g o o d a n i n s t a l l a t i o n t h a t h a s b e e n f o u n d o n c o m p l e t i o n t o h a v e

f a i l e d i n t h i s r e s p e c t c a n b e v e r y e x p e n s i v e .

D W / 1 4 4 s p e c i f i e s l e a k a g e l i m i t s f o r t h e d u c t w o r k a l o n e , b e c a u s e t h e d u c t w o r k

c o n t r a c t o r h a s n o c o n t r o l o v e r t h e l e a k a g e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f t h e v a r i o u s c o m p o n e n t s

w h i c h g o t o m a k e u p t h e w h o l e o f t h e a i r d i s t r i b u t i o n s y s t e m . W h e r e a j o b

s p e c i f i c a t i o n c a l l s f o r a l e a k a g e l i m i t f o r t h e w h o l e s y s t e m , i t w i l l b e f o r t h e d e s i g n e r

o r c l i e n t t o e n s u r e t h a t t h e l e a k a g e r a t e s o f t h e c o m p o n e n t s a r e a l s o w i t h i n t h e

r e q u i r e d l i m i t s .

E d g a r P o p p l e t o n C h a i r m a n ,

T e c h n i c a l S u b - C o m m i t t e e D u c t w o r k G r o u p , 2 0 0 0

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• F i n a l c o n n e c t i o n s a n d

b r a n c h e s t o g r i l l e s a n d

d i f f u s e r s

A . 8 T e s t i n g

o f p l a n t i t e m s

I t e m s o f i n l i n e p l a n t ( e g . F i g s . 1 6 8 t o 1 7 5 ) w i l l

n o t n o r m a l l y b e i n c l u d e d i n t h e a i r l e a k a g e

t e s t . T h e d u c t w o r k c o n t r a c t o r m a y i n c l u d e

s u c h i t e m s i n t h e t e s t i f t h e e q u i p m e n t h a s a

c e r t i f i c a t e o f c o n f o r m i t y f o r t h e p r e s s u r e c l a s s

a n d a i r l e a k a g e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n f o r t h e s y s t e m

u n d e r t e s t .

A . 9 D e s i g n e r ' s

c a l c u l a t i o n s

T h e

d e s i g n e r c a n c a l c u l a t e w i t h r e a s o n a b l e

a c c u r a c y t h e p r e d i c t e d t o t a l l o s s f r o m a s y s -

t e m b y :

a )

C a l c u l a t i n g t h e o p e r a t i n g p r e s s u r e i n

e a c h s e c t i o n o f t h e s y s t e m .

b ) C a l c u l a t i n g t h e s u r f a c e a r e a o f t h e

d u c t w o r k i n e a c h c o r r e s p o n d i n g p r e s s u r e

s e c t i o n .

c ) C a l c u l a t i n g t h e a l l o w a b l e l o s s a t t h e

o p e r a t i n g p r e s s u r e f o r e a c h s e c t i o n o f t h e

s y s t e m ( s e e T a b l e 1 7 f o r a l l o w a b l e l e a k -

a g e f i g u r e s ) .

A . 1 O

V a r i a b l e p r e s s u r e s i n s y s t e m s

D e s i g n e r s

c a n a c h i e v e s i g n i f i c a n t c o s t s a v i n g s

b y m a t c h i n g o p e r a t i n g p r e s s u r e s t h r o u g h o u t

t h e s y s t e m t o c o n s t r u c t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s a n d

a p p r o p r i a t e a i r l e a k a g e t e s t i n g . e . g . t h e p r a c -

t i c e o f s p e c i f y i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n s t a n d a r d s f o r

w h o l e d u c t s y s t e m s b a s e d o n f a n d i s c h a r g e

p r e s s u r e s m a y i n c u r u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t s o n a

p r o j e c t .

F o r e x a m p l e , s o m e l a r g e s y s t e m s c o u l d w e l l

b e c l a s s i f i e d f o r l e a k a g e l i m i t s a s f o l l o w s :

P l a n t r o o m r i s e r s

C l a s s C

M a i n f l o o r d i s t r i b u t i o n

C l a s s B

L o w p r e s s u r e o u t l e t s

C l a s s A

A i r l e a k a g e t e s t i n g

P r o c e d u r e

B . 1 G e n e r a l

S e c t i o n

6 ( p a g e 1 0 ) o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n d e a l s

w i t h t h e p e r f o r m a n c e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f d u c t -

w o r k i n r e s p e c t o f a i r l e a k a g e , a n d T a b l e 1 7

( A p p e n d i x A ) t a b u l a t e s t h e l i m i t s o f l e a k a g e

a p p l i c a b l e t o e a c h c l a s s o f d u c t w o r k .

A p p e n d i x B i s s o l e l y c o n c e r n e d w i t h r e c o m -

m e n d a t i o n s f o r t h e t e s t i n g p r o c e d u r e .

B . 2

E x t e n t o f d u c t w o r k t o b e

t e s t e d

B . 2 . 1 T h e

p r o c e d u r e s e t o u t i n t h i s s e c t i o n

i s l i m i t e d t o t h e d u c t w o r k a n d t h o s e

i t e m s o f i n - l i n e p l a n t e q u i p m e n t t h a t

a r e m a n u f a c t u r e d l s e a l e d t o t h e c r i t e -

r i a s e t o u t i n T a b l e 1 ( a l s o s e e

A p p e n d i x A . 8 ) .

B . 2 . 2

T h e

e x t e n t o f t h e d u c t w o r k t o b e

t e s t e d a n d t h e m e t h o d o f s e l e c t i o n

( w h e r e n o t i n c l u d e d i n t h e j o b s p e c -

i f i c a t i o n ) s h o u l d b e d e t e r m i n e d i n

c o l l a b o r a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e d e s i g n e r

a n d t h e d u c t w o r k c o n t r a c t o r w i t h

c o n s i d e r a t i o n h a v i n g b e e n g i v e n t o

t h e r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s o u t l i n e d i n

A p p e n d i x A .

B . 2 . 3 F i t b l a n k i n g d e v i c e s i n a c c o r d a n c e

w i t h t h e d r a w i n g o f f i c e g u i d a n c e

n o t e s ( P a r t I , S e c t i o n 2 ) . T o e n a b l e a

b l a n k t o b e c u t o u t a f t e r t h e t e s t i n g i s

c o m p l e t e d , a c c e s s m a y b e r e q u i r e d

a d j a c e n t t o e a c h b l a n k .

B . 2 . 4 A l t e r n a t i v e l y ,

r i g i d r e m o v a b l e

b l a n k i n g p l a t e s c a n b e u s e d ,

a l t h o u g h t h i s i n v o l v e s r e m a k i n g

j o i n t s .

D W / 1 4 3 D u c t w o r k L e a k a g e T e s t i n g A

p r a c t i c a l g u i d e

A p p e n d i x

B

U n t e s t e d

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*

*

*

*

- t

' I

*

*

*

- t

*

*

D W / 1 4 3 D u c t w o r k L e a k a g e T e s t i n g A p r a c t i c a l

g u i d e

F i g . 1 7 8 P e r m i t t e d l e a k a g e a t v a r i o u s p r e s s u r e s

L e a k a g e i n l i t r e s p e r s e c o n d p e r s q u a r e m e t r e d u c t s u r f a c e a r e a

C l

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D W / 1 4 3 D u c t w o r k L e a k a g e T e s t i n g A

p r a c t i c a l g u i d e

B . 3 T e s t i n g t o b e c o m p l e t e d

b e f o r e i n s u l a t i o n , e t c .

T e s t i n g

s h a l l b e s a t i s f a c t o r i l y c o m p l e t e d

b e f o r e i n s u l a t i o n o r e n c l o s u r e o f t h e d u c t -

w o r k a n d b e f o r e t e r m i n a l u n i t s ( i f a n y ) a r e

f i t t e d .

B . 4

R e - t e s t i n g p r o c e d u r e w h e r e

n e c e s s a r y

B . 4 . 1 T h e

a i r l e a k a g e r a t e f o r a n y s e c t i o n

s h a l l n o t b e i n e x c e s s o f t h e p e r m i t -

t e d r a t e f o r t h a t s e c t i o n . I f a f i r s t t e s t

p r o d u c e s l e a k a g e i n e x c e s s o f t h e

p e r m i t t e d m a x i m u m , t h e s e c t i o n

s h a l l b e r e s e a l e d a n d r e t e s t e d u n t i l a

l e a k a g e n o t g r e a t e r t h a n t h e p e r m i t -

t e d m a x i m u m f o r t h a t s e c t i o n i s

a c h i e v e d .

B . 4 . 2

I f

a t t h e t i m e o f w i t n e s s i n g t h e t e s t i t

i s a p p a r e n t t h a t e x c e s s i v e a d d i t i o n a l

s e a l i n g o f s e a m s o r j o i n t s h a s b e e n

d o n e i n o r d e r t o m e e t t h e r e q u i r e d

l e a k a g e l e v e l , t h e s e c t i o n o f d u c t -

w o r k u n d e r t e s t s h a l l n o t b e c o u n t e d

a s p a r t o f t h e t e s t e d d u c t w o r k ,

e x c e p t w h e r e t h e w h o l e o f t h e d u c t -

w o r k i s r e q u i r e d t o b e t e s t e d .

B . 5 M i n i m u m a r e a t o b e t e s t e d

T h e

s e c t i o n o f d u c t w o r k t o b e t e s t e d s h a l l

h a v e a n a r e a l a r g e e n o u g h t o e n a b l e t h e t e s t

r i g t o r e g i s t e r a m e a s u r a b l e l e a k a g e .

B . 6 T e s t p r e s s u r e s a n d l e a k a g e

r a t e s

T h e

m a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l e l e a k a g e r a t e s f o r

t h e f u l l r a n g e o f p r e s s u r e s a r e g i v e n i n T a b l e

1 7 . T h e r e c o m m e n d e d t e s t p r e s s u r e s f o r t h e

v a r i o u s c l a s s e s o f d u c t w o r k a r e s e t o u t i n

T a b l e 2 , a n d u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e s p e c i f i e d , t h e

c h o i c e o f t e s t p r e s s u r e s h a l l b e a t t h e d i s c r e -

t i o n o f t h e t e s t o p e r a t o r .

B . 7

T e s t r i g

B . 7 . 1 T h e

a c c u r a c y o f t h e t e s t r i g s h a l l b e

w i t h i n :

±

1 0

p e r c e n t o f t h e i n d i c a t e d f l o w

r a t e , o r 0 . 4 l i t r e s p e r s e c o n d .

w h i c h e v e r i s t h e g r e a t e r a n d

± 5

p e r c e n t a t t h e i n d i c a t e d s t a t i c

p r e s s u r e i n t h e d u c t u n d e r t e s t .

B . 7 . 2

T h e

t e s t r i g s h a l l b e i n s p e c t e d b y

t h e u s e r b e f o r e u s e o n s i t e , a n d

s h a l l h a v e a c a l i b r a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e ,

c h a r t o r g r a p h d a t e d n o t e a r l i e r t h a n

o n e y e a r b e f o r e t h e t e s t f o r w h i c h i t

i s u s e d .

B . 7 . 3

A

s c h e m a t i c a r r a n g e m e n t o f a n a i r

l e a k a g e t e s t i s g i v e n i n F i g . 2 .

B . 8

P r o c e d u r e

B . 8 . 1 T h e

s e c t i o n o f d u c t w o r k t o b e t e s t -

e d f o r a i r l e a k a g e s h a l l b e s e a l e d .

M a i n d u c t s s h o u l d b e p r o v i d e d

T a b l e 2 R e c o m m e n d e d m a x i m u m t e s t p r e s s u r e s ( w i t h l e a k a g e r a t e s )

0 . 3 5

M a x i m u m l e a k a g e o f d u c t w o r k

S t a t i c

p r e s s u r e

L o w - p r e s s u r e M e d i u m - p r e s s u r e

- -

-

H i g h - p r e s s u r e

d i f f e r e n t i a l

C l a s s A

C l a s s B

C l a s s C

2

P a

2 0 0

4 0 0

8 0 0

1 2 0 0

1 5 0 0

3 4

L i t r e s p e r s e c n d p e r s q u a r e m e t r e ' o f s u r f a c e a r e a

0 . 8 4

1 . 3 2

0 . 4 4

0 . 6 9

0 . 3 0

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H e a t i n g a n d V e n t i l a t i n g C o n t r a c t o r s ' A s s o c i a t i o n

E s c a H o u s e 3 4 P a l a c e C o u r t L o n d o n W 2 4 J G

T e l : 0 2 0 7 3 1 3 4 9 0 0

F a x : 0 2 0 7 7 2 7 9 2 6 8

e - m a i l c o n t a c t @ h v c a . o r g . u k

w e b s i t e w w w . h v c a . o r g . u k

P u b l i c a t i o n s

D e p a r t m e n t

O l d

M a n s i o n H o u s e E a m o n t B r i d g e

P e n r i t h C u m b r i a C A 1 O 2 B X .

T e l : 0 1 7 6 8

8 6 4 5 F a x : 1 7 6 8 8 6 4 1