Refrigerants

Refrigeration & Air Conditioning

Making our planet more productive

3

General Index

Rivoira and Praxair pag. 4

HFC refrigerants pag. 5

HFCs drop-ins for R22 (HCFCs) pag. 7

DuPont™ “Series 9” ISCEON®

Honeywell Performax™ LT (R-407F) pag. 10

HFO - New refrigerants

with low GWP pag. 12

- 4th generation refrigerants

- HFO-1234yf

- Solstice® HFO-1234ze

FreeCold Line pag. 15

- FreeCold Nano

- FreeCold BOXY

- FreeCold MAC Auto

LightCold - light composite cylinders 22 lts. pag. 18

Other products pag. 20

- Reclaimed R-22

- Heat transfer fl uids - Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol

- Hydrocarbons

- Other non-fl uorurated gases

- Solvostar

Rivoira CrioLube® synthetic lubricants pag. 24

Products for thermohydraulic pag. 25

and air-conditioning systems

Refrigerants automatic fi lling pag. 26

station

Supply options pag. 27 - EasyCold, SmartCold / LightCold and FreeCold

Services pag. 29 - EcoStar waste and reclamation services

- StarCold™ Network

Appendix: tables and diagrams pag. 31

- Tables pag. 32

- Diagrams pag. 36

www.rivoiragas.com4

Refrigerants

Rivoira and Praxair

In operation since 1920,

Rivoira supplies atmospheric,

process and specialty gases

and is a recognized leader

in the commercialization of

new technologies that bring

productivity and environmental

benefi ts to a diverse group of

industries.

Rivoira Italy has approximately

430 employees, 20 sales

and distribution branches,

13 cylinder-fi lling stations, 10

production plants and 200

agents/retailers.

Rivoira in Italy Praxair in the world

Quality, safety and the environment

Rivoira has earned the main manage-

ment system certifi cations for quality,

safety and environmental sustainabil-

ity. We work tirelessly to keep maxi-

mize the effi ciency of our manage-

ment systems to offer high quality

standards. Moreover, we adhere to

the “Responsible Care Program®”, an

initiative geared to the implementation

of principles and behaviours relating

to Workers’ Health and Safety and the

Protection of the Environment.

Territorial organisation

Rivoira ensures an in-depth pres-

ence throughout the national territory

by means of an organisational struc-

ture consisting of production plants,

distribution centres and a highly

fl exible, functional sales network.

Furthermore, Rivoira is represented

throughout Italy by carefully selected

agents and retailers.

Rivoira is a member company of

Praxair, the largest industrial gases

company in North and South Ameri-

ca, and one of the largest worldwide.

Rivoira produces, markets and

distributes:

• atmospheric gases: oxygen,

nitrogen, argon and rare gases;

• industrial, process and specialty

gases: acetylene, carbon dioxide,

helium, hydrogen, process gases

for semiconductors, etc.;

• refrigerants;

• gases for the food industry;

• medical gases.

Rivoira also supplies services,

materials, devices and plants to a

wide range of gas users, from major

industrial companies to small labo-

ratories.

Technology, innovation and

support to research

Rivoira holds many patents, both

in traditional fi elds of operation

and in alternative sectors.

The technologies developed by

Rivoira are strategic both to the

success of companies working in

the most diverse industrial sectors

- aerospace, chemical, food and

drinks, electronics, energy, R&D,

metal working, manufacturing,

steel mills, and many more, as

well as those working in the

medical and healthcare areas.

By investing in research, the

company ensures its support to

organisations, institutions and

universities.

North America

51%

South America

19%

Europe

13%

Asia

11%

5

HFC refrigerants

HFC refrigerant fl uids

The 2037/2000 European

Regulation adopted on 1 January

2010, as amended by the

1005/2009 European Regulation,

prohibits the sale and the use for

maintenance purposes of HCFC

refrigerant fl uids, due to their non-

negligible impact on stratospheric

ozone. The use of Reclaimed

HCFCs (e.g. R-22) for the service

of existing systems is allowed as

of Dec 31st, 2014. Starting from

Jan 1st, 2015 all the HCFCs will be

phased out, and thus all the sys-

tems containing HCFCs will have

to be converted to a drop-in HFC

refrigerant or replaced with a new

system. With the recent F-Gas

(UE) Regulation n°517/2014, the

European Union has imposed

tough limits to the use of the

F-gases with high greenhouse ef-

fect; in the next years, driven by

the “quota” mechanism, the higher

GWP (Global Worming Potential)

refrigerants, such as R-404A or

R-507, will have to be necessarily

phased down and replaced with

new ones with much lower

Rivoira offers a wide range of products, services and technical solutions to the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration market

In the refrigeration sector, Rivoira’s

longstanding, well-consolidated

partnership with DuPont™ and

Honeywell™ has enabled us to

develop extensive knowledge and

expertise. Activities in this fi eld are

supported by a network of produc-

tion and sales centres extending

over the entire national territory as

well as by the “StarCold™ Point”

aftermarket network comprised of

reliable and professional agents

and retailers.

greenhouse effect.

To ease this transition, Rivoira

Refrigerants proposes new low

GWP solutions for the retrofi t of

the old systems (transitional solu-

tions) and 4th generation products

(defi nitive solutions) such as HFOs

for the new systems, with GWP

close to zero.

The table below and on the fol-

lowing page lists the character-

istics and the physical proper-

ties of these gases.

Product“ASHRAE”

code

APPLICATIONS SIZES

Air-c

on

dit

ion

ing

Clim

ate

co

ntr

ol

Co

mm

erc

ial

Refr

igera

tio

n

Ind

ustr

ial

Refr

igera

tio

n

Heat

pu

mp

s

Ch

ille

rs

Refr

igera

ted

tran

sp

ort 1

liter

2,5

liters

7

liters

12,5

liters

13,6

liters

Boxy

21,6

liters

Light

40

liters

800 /

900

liters

kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg

StarColdTM 134a R-134a • • • • • 0,9 7,0 12,0 13,6 21,0 40,0 800,0

StarColdTM 404A R-404A • • • 5,0 10,0 10,8 17,7 32,0 750,0

StarColdTM 507 R-507 • • • 10,0 17,2 32,0 730,0

PerformaxTM LT R-407F • • 11,0 13,0 19,8 36,0 717,0

StarColdTM 407C R-407C • • • 0,9 2,0 6,0 11,0 12,5 20,5 38,0 800,0

StarColdTM 410A R-410A • • • 0,8 2,0 5,0 10,0 11,3 17,7 32,0 750,0

Suva® 236fa R-236fa • 60 liters65,8 kg

Genetron® R245fa R-245fa 12,0 45,0

StarCold® 23 R-23 • 14 liters10,0 kg

31,8

Suva® 95 R-508B • 6 liters4,5 kg

31,8

AIR CONDITIONING & REFRIGERATION GASES

TM

6

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com

StarCold™ refrigerant applications

StarCold™ 404A

and StarCold™ 507:

for commercial

refrigeration at

medium-low

temperatures

StarCold™ 407C

and StarCold™ 410A:

for domestic and

commercial

air-conditioning

StarCold™ 404A

and StarCold™ 507:

for refrigerated

transport of

foodstuff

Retrofi tting of existing

HCFC systems

StarCold™ 134A:

for domestic

refrigeration

StarCold™ 134A:

for industrial

refrigeration and

air-conditioning

systems

StarCold™ 134A:

for all types of vehicle

air-conditioning

systems (MAC)

Product“ASHRAE”

code

GWP

(CO2 = 1)

Ch

em

ica

l fo

rmu

la

(pu

re p

rod

uc

ts)

Composition

(blends)

Bo

lin

g p

oin

t

@ 1

ba

r

Mo

lec

ula

r w

eig

ht

Cri

tic

al te

mp

era

ture

Cri

tic

al p

ressu

re

De

nsit

y o

f fl

uid

@ 2

5°C

De

nsit

y o

f sa

tura

ted

va

po

r @

-1

5°C

Sp

ec

ific

he

at

of

liq

uid

@ 2

5°C

Sp

ec

ific

He

at

of

Va

po

r @

Co

nsta

nt

Pre

ssu

re (

Cp

),

@ 2

5°

(1 b

ar)

Va

po

riza

tio

n h

ea

t a

t

bo

ilin

g p

oin

t

°C - °C bar kg/m3 kg/m3 J/kg °K J/kg °K kJ/kg

StarColdTM 134a R-134a 1.430 C2H

2F

4-26,1 102,0 101,1 40,6 1.206 8,2 1.427 852 217,1

StarColdTM 404A R-404A 3.922

R-125

R-143a

R-134a

44%

52%

4%

-46,7 97,6 72,1 37,3 1.048 18,1 1.530 870 202,1

StarColdTM 507 R-507 3.985R-125

R-143a

50%

50%-46,7 98,9 70,9 37,9 1.047 19,7 1.540 867 200,5

PerformaxTM LT R-407F 1.824

R-125

R-32

R-134a

30%

30%

40%

-46,1 82,1 82,6 47,6 1.117 12,6 1.570 724 257,2

StarColdTM 407C R-407C 1.774

R-125

R-32

R-134a

25%

23%

52%

-43,6 86,2 86,7 46,0 1.136 11,1 1.537 829 246,1

StarColdTM 410A R-410A 2.088R-125

R-32

50%

50%-51,5 72,5 72,1 46,2 1.062 18,5 1.834 826 264,3

Suva® 236fa R-236fa 9.810 C3H

2F

6-1,4 152,4 124,9 32,0 1.360 4,0 1.108 844 160,4

Genetron® R245fa R-245fa 1.030 C3H

3F

515,3 134,0 154,0 35,5 1.320

4,6(air = 1)

1 893 196,0

StarColdTM 23 R-23 14.800 CHF3

-82,0 70,0 25,9 48,3 670 71,41443

a -30°C736 239,4

Suva® 95 R-508B 13.396R-23

R-116

46%

54%-88,3 95,3 14,0 39,2 335 121,8 n/a n/a 167,1

StarColdTM 152a R-152a 124 C2H

4F

2-24,0 66,1 113,3 45,2 899,0 4,8 1.800 1.051 329,0

7

DuPont™ “Series 9” ISCEON® refrigerant fl uids

DuPont™ ISCEON® blends

“Series 9” refrigerants are de-

signed to facilitate the retrofi t-

ting of refrigeration and air-con-

ditioning systems and ensure

the following benefi ts:

• No change of lubricant

The lubricant does not need

to be changed (these fluids

are compatible with mineral

oils and newly developed

synthetic lubricants).

• O.D.P. = 0

CFC and HCFC free have no

ozone depletion potential.

• No toxicity issues

Classifi ed as ASHRAE “A”,

like R-134A, R-404A,

R-410A, etc.

• Non-fl ammable

Non-fl ammable in their origi-

nal composition.

• Trouble-free conversion

Once retrofi tted, in the case

of subsequent refi lling, the

plants can be topped up with

the same refrigerant, without

fi rst emptying the circuit.

• Better functioning These fl uids ensure smoother

system operation and a

longer life for the compressor.

In fact, most of the plants ret-

rofi tted to run on ISCEON®,

show compressor discharge

temperatures well below

those measured on HCFC

versions.DuPont™ ISCEON®

blends are simple, economical and defi nitive solutions for all types of systems!

ISCEON® MO29 (R-422D)

Uses

This refrigerant is used to replace

R-22 in existing direct expansion

water chillers, in retrofitting do-

mestic and commercial air-condi-

tioning systems (hypermarkets, su-

permarkets, shopping malls) as

well as in normal and medium-low

temperature refrigeration systems.

Benefi ts

• No need to change the lubricant

(it is compatible with mineral oils

and the new breed of synthetic

lubricants).

• It can also be used to replace

R-22 in commercial and indus-

trial refrigeration systems oper-

ating at normal and medium-

low temperatures.

• Retrofitting is easy and eco-

nomical; afterwards, the circuit

can be topped up without hav-

ing to drain it first.

• Cooling capacity and energy ef-

ficiency are very close to the

levels typically associated with

R-22.

• Compressor gas discharge tem-

peratures are notably lower than

with R-22.

8

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com

ISCEON® MO49 Plus (R-437A)

Uses

Suitable to replace R-12 in:

• air-conditioning systems for cars

(MAC);

• small to medium temperature re-

frigeration units (household refrig-

erators, freezers, etc.).

Suitable to replace HCFC mixtures

(e.g., R-410A, R-401B, R-409A) in

direct expansion refrigeration plants.

Can also be used to replace HFC

R-413A.

Benefits

• No need to change the lubricant

(it is compatible with mineral oils

and newly developed synthetic

lubricants).

• Retrofitting is easy and economi-

cal; afterwards, the circuit can be

topped up without first having to

drain it.

• Cooling capacity and energy effi-

ciency are very close to the levels

typically associated with R-12.

• Compressor gas discharge tem-

peratures are slightly lower than

with R-12.

ISCEON® MO59 (R-417A)

Uses

It is used to replace R-22 in station-

ary and direct expansion air-condi-

tioning systems and in commercial

medium temperature refrigeration

equipment.

Benefits

• No need to change the lubricant

(it is compatible with mineral oils

and newly developed synthetic

lubricants).

• Retrofitting is easy and economi-

cal; afterwards, the circuit can be

topped up without first having to

drain it.

• Cooling capacity is slightly less

than with R-22.

• Energy efficiency is better than

with R-22, enabling reduced

power consumption.

• Compressor gas discharge tem-

peratures are notably lower than

with R-22.

ISCEON® MO79 (R-422A)

Uses

Replaces R-22 and R-502 in com-

mercial medium and low tempera-

ture refrigeration systems and in

direct expansion industrial refriger-

ation plants. Suitable for retrofitting

old systems charged with CFCs

(R-502).

Benefits

• No need to change the lubricant

(it is compatible with mineral oils

and the newly developed syn-

thetic lubricants).

• Retrofitting is easy and economi-

cal; afterwards, the circuit can be

topped up without having to drain

it first.

• Cooling capacity at low tempera-

tures is better than that of R-22

and comparable with that of

R-404A.

• The thermostatic valve (TXV)

does not have to be replaced

(with a valve suitable for R-404A)

when replacing R-502, R-402A,

R-403A, R-408A; a new valve has

to be fitted instead when replac-

ing R-22.

• Energy efficiency is greater than

with R-22.

• Compressor gas discharge tem-

peratures are notably lower than

with R-22.

ISCEON® MO89

Uses

Replace R-13B1 in very low temper-

ature (-40°C to -70°C) systems,

such as medical freezers, climatic

chambers, lyophilisation systems.

Benefits

• No need to change the lubricant

The (it is compatible with mineral

oils and the new breed of syn-

thetic lubricants).

• Retrofitting is easy and economi-

cal; afterwards, the circuit can be

topped up without having to drain

it first.

• Cooling capacity is comparable

with that of R-13B1.

ISCEON® MO99 (R-438A)

Uses

It replaces the R-22 and the R-422D,

in stationary and direct expansion

air-conditioning systems and in com-

mercial, medium and low tempera-

ture, refrigeration equipments.

Benefits

• No need to change the lubricant

(it is compatible with mineral oils

and the newly developed syn-

thetic lubricants).

• Drop-in solution to replace R-22

and R-422D.

• GWP < 2.500 (complies with new

F-Gas regulation); can be used

for servicing of existing systems

after year 2020.

• Refrigeration capacity and ener-

getic effi ciency (COP) greater

than R-422D.

The tables on the next page

give a detailed summary of

the products making up the

DuPont™ “Series 9”

ISCEON® range.

9

Product“ASHRAE”

code

Applications

Typ

e o

f

syste

m

Re

tro

fitt

ing

of

syste

ms

ch

arg

ed

wit

h

Sizes

A/C

Clim

ate

co

ntr

ol

Co

mm

erc

ial

refr

ige

rati

on

Ind

ustr

ial

refr

ige

rati

on

Ch

ille

rs

Re

frig

era

ted

tra

nsp

ort

1

litre

2,5

litres

7

litres

12,5

litres

13,6

litres

Boxy

21,6

litres

Light

40

litres

800

litres

kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg

DuPontTM Isceon® MO29 R-422D • • • • •

water chillers and

refrigeration NT & LT

R-22 6,0 11,0 13,0 19,8 36,0 800,0

DuPontTM Isceon® MO49Plus R-437A•

AUTO •car A/C systems (MAC)

R-12R-401AR-409A

12,0 40,0 800,0

DuPontTM Isceon® MO59 R-417A •split

(stationary) A/C systems

R-22 0,9 2,0 6,0 12,0 20,7 38,0 864,0

DuPontTM Isceon® MO79 R-422A • • • LT refrigeration

R-502R-402AR-403AR-408A

10,0 35,0TT

DuPont

792 kg

DuPontTM Isceon® MO89 - •Very LT

refrigeration (-50 ÷ -60°C)

R-13B1 9,060 litres

43 kg

DuPontTM Isceon® MO99 R438A • • • •

water chillers and

refrigeration NT & LT

R-422D 11,0 36,0 800,0

Product“ASHRAE”

code

GWP

(CO2 = 1)

Composition (blends)

Bo

ilin

g p

oin

t

@ 1

bar

Mo

lecu

lar

weig

ht

Cri

tical

tem

pera

ture

Cri

tical p

ressu

re

Den

sit

y o

f liq

uid

@ 2

5°C

°C - °C bar kg/m3

DuPontTM Isceon® MO29 R-422D 2.729

R-125

R-134a

R-600a

65,1%

31,5%

3,4%

-43 109,9 79,6 39,1 1.144

DuPontTM Isceon® MO49Plus R-437A 1.805

R-134a

R-125

R-600

R-601

78,5%

19,5%

1,4%

0,6%

-29 104,0 96,0 41,0 1.176

DuPontTM Isceon® MO59 R-417A 2.346

R-125

R-134a

R-600

46,6%

50,0%

3,4%

-39 106,7 87,1 40,4 1.149

DuPontTM Isceon® MO79 R-422A 3.143

R-125

R-134a

R-600a

85,1%

11,5%

3,4%

-47 113,6 71,7 37,5 1.136

DuPontTM Isceon® MO89 - 3.805

R-125

R-134a

R-290

86,0%

9,5%

5,0%

-53 1.180

DuPontTM Isceon® MO99 R-438A 2.264

R-125

R-134a

R-32

R-600

R-601a

45,0%

44,2%

8,5%

1,7%

0,6%

-42 99,1 85,3 43,1 1.147

www.rivoiragas.com10

Honeywell Performax™ LT (R-407F)

Refrigerants

Refrigerant gas Performax™ LT

is a blend of HFCs suitable for

retrofitting direct expansion

refrigeration systems charged

with R-22, R-502 or other

mixtures containing HCFCs; it is

used in particular in commercial

and industrial low and medium

temperature applications.

Performax™ LT does not harm the ozone layer and has a much smaller GWP (less than half) compared to the other low temperature refrigerants like R-404A and R-507).

As an option for the conversion of

R-22 refrigeration systems,

Performax™ LT is more suitable

than R-404A or R-507, due to its

cooling capacity, compressor

power consumption, energy ex-

change in the condenser, and ther-

mostatic valve flow levels much

closer to those of R-22. No compo-

nent replacement is required.

Performax™ LT is also recom-

mended for use in retrofitting low

temperature refrigeration systems

for foodstuff (e.g., frozen food dis-

play cases).

It has a cooling capacity very simi-

lar to that of R-22, mated to an ap-

preciable increase in energy effi-

ciency.

For this reason, systems retrofitted

with Performax™ LT ensure a re-

duction in energy consumption of

about 10% (lower energy bills).

Before the retrofit, it is very impor-

tant to verify that the system can

be operated at the higher tempera-

tures (vs. R-22) that are generated

with the new fluid. It is also advisa-

ble to fit new gaskets, O-rings and

do at least one lubricant change

using POE oil.

The recommended gas charge is

about 94% the quantity by weight

of R-22.

Performax™ LT adapts well to the

expansion valves used with R-22,

so that the TXV usually do not have

be adjusted or replaced.

It is an easy-to-use, non-ozone de-

pleting HFC refrigerant.

Created to replace the R-22, R-502

and refrigerant blends containing

HCFCs (e.g., HP80, R-408A) in

commercial and industrial, direct

expansion medium and low tem-

perature refrigeration plants.

Main features

• Compressor manufacturer

approval.

• Three components blends of

HFCs (ODP=0).

• Cooling capacity similar to R-22

(at low temperatures).

• GWP (1.824) markedly lower

than other low-temperature re-

frigerants (e.g., R-404A, R-507).

• A1 safety rating (non-toxic and

non-flammable).

Due to its thermodynamic charac-

teristics, Performax™ LT lends it-

self to effective retrofitting of sys-

tems running on R-404A/R-507

when the goals is to:

• reduce power consumption of

about 10%;

• reduce the environmental im-

pact thanks to a lower GWP

compared to R-404A and R-507

(less than half).

11

Benefi ts

• Makes the retrofitting process

quick and effortless.

• Replaces the R-22, R-502 and

refrigerant blends containing

HCFCs (e.g., HP80, R-403A,

R-408A).

• Replaces the R-404A / R-507

providing greater energy efficien-

cy and reduced energy bills.

• No need to replace TXV

(thermostatic valve).

• HFC so that it does not harm the

ozone layer (ODP = 0) and has a

low greenhouse effect

(GWP = 1.742 kg CO2).

• Compatible with POE lubricants.

• Non-flammable; ASHRAE safety

rating: A1 (same as R-22, R-507

and R-404A).

• Much lower discharge tempera-

ture than R-22.

• According to EU standards,

Performax™ LT is not classified

as a toxic substance or one pos-

ing health risks (similar to

R-134a).

Applications

The main applications of

Performax™ LT include:

• Commercial and industrial direct

expansion medium and low tem-

perature refrigeration systems.

• Supermarkets.

• Food processing, Chemical and

Pharmaceutical sectors.

• Refrigerated cells.

Performax™ LT features better energy effi ciency than R-404A and R-507, greatly reducing energy consumption.

Main physical properties

Data

Composition

Difluoromethane (CH2F

2);

Pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF

3);

Tetrafluoroethane (CH2FCF

3).

Molecular weight 82,1

Boiling point @1 Atm -46,1°C

Dew point @1 Atm -39,7°C

Critical temperature 82,6°C

Critical pressure 4757 kPa

Density of vapor @1 Atm 4,465 kg/m3

Density of liquid @25°C 1117 kg/m3

Specific heat of liquid 1,57 kJ/kg°K

Specific heat of vapor 1,18 kJ/kg°K.

Vaporization heat @1 Atm 257,21 kJ/kg°K.

Flammability limits in air none

O.d.p. 0

GWP 1.824

ASHRAE safety rating A1 / A1

Cooling capacity vs. R-22

Refrigerant gasEvaporation temperature

-7°C -29°C

R-22 Same Same

R-404A / R-507 +2% / +4% -3% / -1%

R-427A -8% -24%

Performax™ LT +8% -4%

COP* vs. R-22

Refrigerant gasEvaporation temperature

-7°C -29°C

R-22 Same Same

R-404A / R-507 -13%/-14% -15%/-16%

R-427A -2% -4%

Performax™ LT -1% -2%

Discharge temperature

Refrigerant gasCondensation

pressure

Condensation pressure

-7°C -29°C

R-22 14,3 bar rel. 109 °C 132 °C

R-404A / R-507 17,2 bar rel. 75 °C 84 °C

R-427A 14,8 bar rel. 89 °C 103 °C

Performax™ LT 17,2 bar rel. 95 °C 108 °C

The data shown in the table have been calculated with NIST Refprop software in the following

operating conditions:

• Ev T = -29°C; Surr = 5°C; Tot Surr. = 10°C; Cond T = 40°C; Sub C = 5°C

• Ev T = -7°C; Surr = 5°C; Tot Surr. = 7°C; Cond T = 40°C; Sub C = 5°C

* COP: Coeffi cient of Performance

12

Refrigerants

HFO - New refrigerant gases with extremely low greenhouse effect

Refrigerant fl uids HFO-1234yf and

HFO-1234ze are characterised by

a very low global warming poten-

tial (GWP), in keeping with Kyoto

protocol provisions.

HFO-1234yf has already been cho-

sen by major car makers to replace

R-134a in climate control units.

HFO-1234ze has been proposed

as a non-fl ammable aerosol pro-

pellant and expanding agent

(foams) but its physical character-

istics make it suitable for use as a

refrigerant gas for applications at

positive temperatures in any situa-

tion where non-fl ammability is a

top-priority requirement.

Ozone

Global warming

Ozone

Global warming

Ozone

Global warming

Ozone

Global warming

4th generation refrigerant gases

HFOs are the 4th generation

of fl uorinated refrigerant

gases and are seen safe and

environmentally friendly.

www.rivoiragas.com

Synthetic refrigerant gases were

fi rst developed in the 1930s (R-12,

developed jointly by DuPontTM and

General Motors, was the fi rst non-

toxic, non-fl ammable gas to be

produced) to replace the highly

hazardous fl uids used as refriger-

ants at the time (anhydrous ammo-

nia, sulphur dioxide, propane, etc.).

R-12 and the other CFCs

(ChloroFluoroCarbons) that made

up the 1st generation of fl uorinated

gases were extremely successful

and contributed to the widespread

dissemination of air-conditioning

and refrigeration systems all over

the world. A connection between

CFC emissions and the depletion

of the ozone layer was established

much later, in the 1980s, and, in

1987, the Montreal Protocol provid-

ed for a gradual reduction in the

production and sale of these gases.

This caused an increase in the de-

mand for less harmful HCFC

(HydroChloroFluoroCarbon) gases,

such as the R-22, which may be

viewed as the 2nd generation of re-

frigerants. In the mid 1990s, new

products were developed, the

HFCs (HydroFluoroCarbons), such

as the R-134a and the R-404A,

R-407C mixtures, that constituted

the 3rd generation of fl uorinated re-

frigerants. Such products solved

the ozone problem, having an ODP

of 0 (i.e., they do not harm the

ozone layer). In the meantime, the

focus shifted to the greenhouse ef-

fect and, with the Kyoto Protocol,

the effects of the emissions of the

so-called “greenhouse gases”

began to be investigated. HFCs be-

long to this group of gases.

At this point, research began to

focus on gases with an extremely

small greenhouse effect, preferable

non-toxic and non-fl ammable (or

with minimal fl ammability): thus, the

HFOs (HydroFluoroOlefi ns) were

born: fl uorinated hydrocarbons

having a double C=C bond and a

virtually nil greenhouse effect.

MONTREAL PROTOCOL

STRATOSPHERIC OZONE

KYOTO PROTOCOL

GLOBAL WARMING

CFC1st generation

HCFC2nd generation

HFC3rd generation

HFO4th generation

1313

HFO-1234yf is very similar

to R-134a and may be used

in MAC without changing the

system; in fact, it gas is

compatible with POE

lubricants and show no

compatibility issues with the

materials (gaskets, o-rings

etc.) normally used in the

systems developed for use

with R134a.

HFO-1234yf

The ban provided for in European

Directive 2006/40/EC on the use of

refrigerant gases with GWP>150 in

the climate control systems of

motor vehicles (new car models

registered after 1.1.2011), prohibits

the use of R-134a (GWP 1.430) and

requires the use of a fluid having a

lower “greenhouse effect”.

The new fluid has slight flammabili-

ty (for this gas a new safety rating,

A2L - slightly flammable - has been

proposed). However, HFO-1234yf

gas is characterised by high igni-

tion energy (does not ignite easily)

and extremely slow flame propaga-

tion: this reduces the risks associ-

ated with flammability to a level

that makes HFO-1234yf acceptable

for use in vehicle climate control

systems.

Product toxicity is very limited, on

a par with R-134a.

Moreover, working pressures,

cooling capacity and energy effi-

ciency (COP), in normal working

conditions (MAC) are very similar

to the values recorded with R-134a

and hence the transition to an al-

ternative gas is greatly simplified.

MAIN CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HFO-1234YF

Chemical name 2,3,3,3-Tetrafl uoroprop-1-ene

Chemical formula CF3CF = CH

2

Thermodynamic data Measuring Unit Data

Molecular weight (g/gmol) 114

Boiling point @ 101,3 kPa (°C) -29,55

Freezing point @ 101,3 kPa (°C) -150

Density of vapor at boiling point (kg/m3) 5,98

Density of liquid (kg/m3) 1,092

Specifi c heat of liquid @ 25°C (kJ/kg°k) 1,411

Specifi c heat of vapor @ 25°C (kJ/kg°k) 1,066

Vaporization heat at boiling point (kJ/kg) 180,1

Steam pressure @ 25°C (kPa) 683

Thermal conductivity of liquid @ 25°C (W/m°k) 0,067

Thermal conductivity of vapour @ 25°C (W/m°k) 0,016

Viscosity of liquid @ 25°C (μPa.sec) 155,4

Viscosity of steam @ 25°C (μPa.sec) 12,3

Solubility of HFO-1234yf in water (% by weight) 0,020

Solubility of water in HFO-1234yf (% by weight) 0,025

ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) ODP R11=1 0

GWP GWP CO2 = 1 4

Thanks to a GWP 400 times lower than 134a, the new refrigerant, HFO-1234yf, meets the directives of the Kyoto Protocol: its impact on the environment is virtually nil. It is used by most car makers around the globe.

1234yf - CF3CF = CH

2 molecule.

14 www.rivoiragas.com

HFO-1234ze was developed

by Honeywell for use as a

propellant for aerosol, but its

physical characteristics make it

suitable for use as a refrigerant

gas for applications at positive

temperatures in the situations

where non-flammability is a

top-priority requirement.

HFO-1234ze

1234ze(E) - CF3CF = CHF molecule.

0.20

0.00

0.60

0.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

1.40

TRANS-1, 3, 3, 3 - Tetrafl uoropropene Vapour Pressure

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

MAIN CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS HFO-1234ZE

Chemical name trans - 1,3,3,3-tetrafl uoroprop-1-ene

Chemical formula trans - CHF = CHCF3

CAS # 1645- 83-6

ELINCS # (EU) 471- 480-0

Thermodynamic data Measuring Unit Data

Molecular weight 144

Boiling point @ 101,3 kPa °C 19

Vapor pressure @ 25°C kPa 490

Vapor pressure @ 55°C kPa 1080

Density of liquid @ 25°C gm/cm3 1,18

Thermal conductivity of vapor @ 25°C mW/m°K 13

Flame limit None 30°C

ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) ODP R11 = 1 0

GWP GWP CO2 = 1 6

HFO-1234ze, in fact, is a fourth

generation gas profiting from the

Hydro-Fluoro-Olefins (HFO) technol-

ogy, i.e., a technology that uses

molecules with a double C=C bond,

resulting in an extremely low GWP.

Benefi ts

• Highly suitable to replace HFC-

134a.

• Non-flammable.

• Can be used safely.

• Environmental sustainability (ex-

tremely low GWP).

• Compatible with the materials in

widespread use.

• Can be handled, transported, dis-

tributed and stored through the

same modalities as R-134a.

In refrigeration applications, for

evaporation temperatures of about

0°C, the product has a cooling ca-

pacity slightly lower than R-134a,

but its COP (Coefficient of

Performance) is nearly the same and

so its use in new systems does not

require higher energy consumption.

Compatibility: the product does

not pose any special problems of

compatibility with the materials

(plastics and elastomers) and is

similar to R-134a.

Safety: at the reference ambient

temperature (21°C) n, HFO-1234ze

is non-flammable according to

ASTM E-681 and Test EU A-11.

Pre

ssu

re (M

pa)

Temperature (°C)

From the HFO-1234ze pressure-temperature chart it can be seen that pressures

in this fl uid are slightly lower than in R-134a.

With an ODP (Ozone Depletion

Potential) = 0 and a GWP (Global

Warming Potential) = 6, i.e., very

low, this new product conforms to

the European F-Gas Regulations

that require the use of products hav-

ing a reduced impact on the envi-

ronment.

FreeCold Line

With its FreeCold Line, Rivoira

supplies StarColdTM refi llable

cylinders for refrigerant gases, in

compliance with the European

Directive that prohibits the use of

non-returnable cylinders for

greenhouse effect gases.

Furthermore, these containers

are lighter and easier to handle

than traditional models.

FreeCold Nano

With FreeCold Line Nano, Rivoira

supplies StarColdTM refi llable cyl-

inders for refrigerant gases with a

capacity of 1 and 2.5 litres.

FreeCold Nano cylinders are fi lled

according to the same production

standards ensured by the entire

line of StarColdTM refrigerant gases

supplied by Rivoira.

This means they meet the gas

purity and humidity requirements

(<10 ppm) specifi ed by refrigera-

tion and air-conditioning system

manufacturers. Moreover, the com-

pact design of the FreeCold Nano

cylinders makes this product into an

irreplaceable work tool for refrig-

eration operators, in any situation

requiring a small product charge

mated to maximum ease of han-

dling and transport. In compliance

with the Law Decree of 6 June 2002

on ADR requirements, Rivoira’s

FreeCold Nano cylinders are eligible

for circulation within the national ter-

ritory and the European Union.

• Marking with: test date, maxi-

mum operating pressure, gas

contained in the cylinder.

• Colouring according to Standard

UNI EN 1089-3.

• Law label identifying the gas and

associated risks.

• Standard valve connection (5/16”

SAE for R-410A and ¼” SAE for

other refrigerant gases).

• Safety valve against overpressure

(increased safety for storage and

handling) T-PED approved.

The tables below provide

a detailed overview of the

products in the FreeCold Line

Nano range

Safety connection valve.

FreeCold cylinders feature a compact design and are safe and easy to use.

FreeCold

Nano

2.5 litres

Product

code

Capacity

(litres)

Net

content

(kg)

Cylinder

test

pressure

(bar)

Valve

connection

Packaging

dimensions

(mm)

Boiling

point at

101.3 kPa

(°C)

Weight

of packaging

+ gas (kg)

No. of

cylinders/

pack

No. of carton

boxes for

Europallet

(80x120 cm)

Total no. of

cylinders

for

Europallet

Isceon® MO29

(R-422D)3FC422NA25 2,5 2,00 48 1/4” SAE 330 x 220 H 430 -43,0 22,8 6 36 216

Isceon® MO59

(R-417A)3FC417NA25 2,5 2,00 48 1/4” SAE 330 x 220 H 430 -39,0 22,8 6 36 216

StarColdTM 407C 3FC407NA25 2,5 2,00 48 1/4” SAE 330 x 220 H 430 -43,6 22,8 6 36 216

StarColdTM 410A 3FC410NA25 2,5 2,00 48 5/16” SAE 330 x 220 H 430 -51,5 22,8 6 36 216

FreeCold

Nano

1 litre

Product

code

Capacity

(litres)

Net

content

(kg)

Cylinder

test

pressure

(bar)

Valve

connection

Packaging

dimensions

(mm)

Boiling

point at

101.3 kPa

(°C)

Weight

of packaging

+ gas (kg)

No. of

cylinders/

pack

No. of carton

boxes for

Europallet

(80x120 cm)

Total no. of

cylinders

for

Europallet

StarColdTM R-22

rigenerato3RC022NANO 1 0,90 48 1/4” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -40,8 22,5 12 30 360

StarColdTM 134a 3GF134ANANO 1 0,90 48 1/4” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -46,7 22,5 12 30 360

Isceon® MO29

(R-422D)3FC422NANO 1 0,85 48 1/4” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -43,0 21,9 12 30 360

Isceon® MO59

(R-417A)3FC417NANO 1 0,85 48 1/4” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -39,0 21,9 12 30 360

StarColdTM 407C 3FC407NANO 1 0,85 48 1/4” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -43,6 21,9 12 30 360

StarColdTM 410A 3FC410NANO 1 0,80 48 5/16” SAE 350 x 270 H 325 -51,5 21,3 12 30 360

15

www.rivoiragas.com16 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

FreeCold BOXY

FreeCold BOXY cylinders

are designed for customers

specialised in the maintenance

of refrigeration and/or air-

conditioning systems requiring

small gas charges. They can be

transported without making use

of lifting equipment.

Technical characteristics

• TPED containers conforming to

standard EN 13322-1.

• Safety valve against overpressure.

• Rechargeable cylinders, in com-

pliance with “F-Gas” EU Reg.

842/2006.

• Cylinders packaged in card-

board boxes, for easier handling

and storage.

FreeCold BOXY cylinders feature a new type of packaging, lighter-weight and easier to handle than traditional cylinders.

The table below provides

a detailed overview of the

products in the FreeCold Line

Boxy range

FreeCold BOXY

Product

code

Capacity

(litres)

Net

content

(kg)

Cylinder

test

pressure

(bar)

Valve

connection

Packaging

dimensions

(mm)

Boiling point at

101.3 kPa (°C)

Weight of

packaging

+ gas

(kg)

No. of carton

boxes for

Europallet

(80x120 cm)

FreeCold BOXY 134a 3GF134BOX 13,6 13,6 48 1/4” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -26,1 21,1 30

FreeCold BOXY 404A 3GF404BOX 13,6 10,8 48 1/4” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -46,7 18,3 30

FreeCold BOXY 407C 3GF407BOX 13,6 12,5 48 1/4” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -43,6 20,0 30

FreeCold BOXY 410A 3GF410BOX 13,6 11,3 48 5/16” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -51,5 18,8 30

FreeCold BOXY Isceon® MO29 3GF029BOX 13,6 13,0 48 1/4” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -43,0 20,5 30

FreeCold BOXY Performax™ LT 3GFPLTBOX 13,6 13,0 48 1/4” SAE 250 x 250 H 450 -46,1 20,5 30

17

FreeCold MAC Auto

Designed for car repair shops

that recharge MAC systems,

these cylinders feature a

quick fi tting valve that eases

the connection to R-134a

recharge systems.

FreeCold MAC Auto cylinders have been developed for recharging automotive A/C systems charged with R-134a.

The table below provides

a detailed overview of the

products in the FreeCold MAC

Auto range

FreeCold MAC Auto

Product

code

Capac-

ity

(litres)

Net

content

(kg)

Cylinder

test

pressure

(bar)

Valve

connection

Packaging

dimensions

(mm)

Boiling

point at

101,3 kPa

(°C)

Weight of

packaging

+ gas (kg)

No. of carton

boxes for

Europallet

(80x120 cm)

FreeCold MAC Auto 134a 3GF134MAC 13,6 13,6 22

HP quick

connection

(SAEJ639)

250 x 250 H 450 -26,1 19,5 30

Technical characteristics

• TPED containers conforming to

Standard EN 13322-1.

• Refi llable cylinders, in compli-

ance with “F-Gas” EU Reg.

842/2006.

• TPED homologated 17E inlet

valve conforming to Standard

UNI EN 10297.

• Quick fi tting valve - high pressure,

according to Standard SAE J639.

• Packaged in palletisable card-

board boxes.

SAFETY PROVISIONS

- Contains pressurised liquefi ed gas;

in high concentrations it may cause

asphyxiation.

- Protect from sunrays and do not expose

product to temperatures of over 50°C.

- Do not make improper use of the

container; do not tamper with the valve

fi tted to the cylinder.

- Do not recharge the cylinder; the

cylinder can only be recharged by

Rivoira’s authorised centres.

- Return containers to the manufacturer if

test period has expired.

- Do not perforate or burn before or

after use.

- Keep outside reach of children.

- Do not vaporise on fl ames or

incandescent bodies.

- For further information, see the safety

data sheet of the product contained in

the cylinder (R-134a).

- Dispose of container as provided for in

the applicable standards.

18 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

LightCold - light composite cylinders

The “LightCold” cylinder is a

true breakthrough in the fi eld of

refrigerant gases.

Manufacturing processes con-

ducted according to the highest

technology standards and the use

of top-performing materials have

resulted in the construction of an

extremely light-weight, ergonomi-

cally designed refrigerant cylinder

that is easy to handle, ensures

high-impact resistance and features

an innovative design that elevates it

from traditional ones.

“LightCold” cylinders are made according to European standards EN12245/EN14427, bear the TPED label (logo π) and have obtained the TÜV certifi cation.

Technical data

LightCold cylinders are made of

three superimposed layers:

• an inner container in high-per-

formance steel, ensuring high

strength and light weight;

• an intermediate layer in an in-

novative composite, made from

fi berglass and polypropylene

fi bres (Twintex®), that enwraps

the steel container, enhancing

its structural resistance and

ensuring superior resistance to

atmospheric corrosion;

• outer container in polyethylene

/ polypropylene, Rivoira per-

sonalised, with protective and

ergonomic functions and fi tted

with labels built into the coat-

ing, indicating the capacity in kg

and use and maintenance safety

provisions.

19

12.5 litre cylinder

= 8.5 kg empty

weight

22 litre cylinder

= 8.45 kg empty

weight

The photos above illustrate the

benefi ts arising from extremely

light weight vs. volume in litres:

LightCold cylinders weigh much

less than traditional cylinders.

Benefi ts

Compared with traditional cylin-

ders, the main advantages af-

forded by “LightCold” cylinders

include:

• Extremely light weight vs. volume

in litres; their weight, including the

valve, is 8.45 kg, i.e., the same

weight as a traditional cylinder

with a capacity of 12.5 litres;

• Stackability

The possibility to stack the cylin-

ders minimises storage space;

• Superior resistance to atmos-

pheric agents

Eliminates corrosion;

• Easy to handle

Thanks to ergonomically de-

signed handles;

• Aesthetically pleasing.

LightCold cylinders use valves fi tted

with an overpressure safety device

and are equipped with a double liq-

uid/steam tap, with outlet connec-

tions according to UNI 4406.

LightCold cylinders have a 22-li-

tre capacity and are suitable for a

range of refrigerant gases.

Product Container capacity

StarCold® R-404A Max. 17,7 kg

StarCold® R-407C Max. 20,5 kg

StarCold® R-410A Max. 17,7 kg

StarCold® R-507 Max. 17,2 kg

DuPont™ Isceon® MO29 (R-422D) Max. 19,8 kg

DuPont™ Isceon® MO49 Plus (R-437A) Max. 21,8 kg

DuPont™ Isceon® MO59 (R-417A) Max. 20,7 kg

DuPont™ Isceon® MO79 (R-422A) Max. 18,9 kg

Honeywell™ Performax LT (R-407F) Max. 16,8 kg

20 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

Reclaimed R-22

Correct reclamation and disposal

of refrigerant gases are very impor-

tant issues:

• CFCs must always be

earmarked for disposal.

• HCFC, to some extent, may be

treated, regenerated and reused

for maintenance purposes

(according to European

Regulation 2037/2000

supplemented by European

Regulation 1005/2009).

In compliance with European

Regulation 2037/2000,

Rivoira makes available to its

customers regenerated R-22

with characteristics

comparable to those of the

virgin product.

Technical data of reclaimed R-22

Product Regenerated R-22

“ASHRAE” code R-22R

Replaces Virgin R-22

Applications A/C and refrigeration system maintenance

Packaging (kg) 0,9 - 2 - 7 - 12 - 40 - 800

Purity ≥ 98%

Non-condensable in gaseous state ≤ 1,5% vol.

Other volatile impurities ≤ 0,5% vol.

Water ≤ 10 ppm

Acidity as HCl ≤ 1.000 ppb

Residue ≤ 0,01% vol.

Chloride ion Absent

Other products

21

Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol

Heat transfer fl uids are used

in large refrigeration plants,

when the goal is to reduce

the refrigerant fl uid used in

the plant, or when using

potentially hazardous gases

(ammonia, hydrocarbons,

etc.) and, for safety reasons,

the circuit containing the

refrigerant gas must be kept

apart from public areas.

Propylene glycol

Ethylene glycol

Glycol cube

FREEZING POINTS OF GLYCOL SOLUTIONS

% by weight Freezing point (°C)

Inhibited ethylene glycol Inhibited propylene glycol *

20% -8 -7

30% -15 -13

40% -23 -21

50% -35 -34

60% -49 -50

* including Dowcal N

N.B.: a dilution of over 60% by weight is not advisable for the following reasons:

- with more than 60% glycol the freezing point does not improve further.

- with increasing glycol % the viscosity of the solution increases greatly, and the power

absorbed by the circulation pumps increases accordingly

Corrosion inhibitors are added to

the glycol to prevent the corrosion

of any metals that the glycol solu-

tiontouches. Common glycol for-

mulas are:

• Ethylene glycol: is the most

economical fl uid, used primarily

in heat-exchange applications.

• Propylene glycol: less toxic than

ethylene glycol, it is recom-

mended for alimentary uses.

For cooling applications, Rivoira

has three different types of glycol:

• Inhibited ethylene glycol

• Inhibited propylene glycol

• Dowcal N: inhibited propylene

glycol using inhibitors certifi ed

for alimentary use.

The presence of inhibitors wards

prevents acidity in the circuit, pro-

longs the service life of the equip-

ment, reduces maintenance costs,

and makes system operation safer

and more dependable.

Types and sizes of packaging:

• 220 / 230 kg non-returnable kegs.

• 1000 kg non-returnable cubes.

Glycols are not used in pure form

and are mixed with water (which

should be demineralised) in vari-

ous percentages, depending on

the level of protection against

freezing required by the applica-

tion; as a result, these solutions

are suitable for use in a tempera-

ture range from -45°C to +120°C.

The dilution percentage should be

selected to obtain a freezing tem-

perature lower than the minimum

temperature that the system is ex-

pected to reach, but not exceed-

ingly lower, so the solution doesn’t

become exceedingly viscous.

The freezing points of the solu-

tions as a function of water dilu-

tion are listed in the table below.

22

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

In recent years, the use of

hydrocarbons as refrigerant

gases has seen some growth

based on the Kyoto Protocol

recommendations concerning

the use of fl uids with low or nil

greenhouse effect.

Hydrocarbons are highly fl ammable

gases which, for safety reasons, are

mostly used in systems requiring

small gas charges. Cooling sys-

tems with high gas charges may be

constructed, provided that a con-

fi ned refrigeration station is used

mated to a thermal transfer fl uid.

The hydrocarbons used most widely

in refrigeration applications are:

• R-600a

(Isobutane for refrigeration)

Is used primarily in household

refrigerators.

• R-290

(Propane for refrigeration)

Is used in small store refrigera-

tors, normally working at posi-

tive temperatures, and in a few

industrial systems requiring

negative temperatures.

Hydrocarbon refrigerant cylinders

have the following characteristics:

• 40 or 12.5 litre capacity;

• RED ogive;

• design pressure: 48 bar;

• valve with UNI 4405 connection;

• rechargeable cylinders.

Product“ASHRAE”

codeProduct code Formula Purity

Boiling pointPressure at

20°C bar, rel.

Cylinder

capacityValve

connection°C bar rel. litres kg

Propane for refrigeration R-2903GF290BB

C3H

899,50% -42,1 2,1

40 17UNI4405

3GF290HB 12,5 5

Isobutane for refrigeration R-600a3GF600BB

C4H

1099,50% -11,7 7,3

40 17UNI4405

3GF600HB 12,5 5

Product“ASHRAE”

codeReplaces Applications Packaging (kg) Notes

Anhydrous ammonia (NH3) R-717 R-502 / R-22 Low temperature industrial plants 30 400 Toxic gas

Carbon dioxide (CO2) R-744 Low temperature refrigeration 10 30 360

Nitrogen n/a Circuit purging 3 (Nm3) 10 (Nm3) 160 (Nm3) 200 bar

The Rivoira range of refrigerant fl uids

includes other “fl uorine-free” gases

and several cleaning products for

cooling systems.

The main fl uorine-free gases supplied

by Rivoira are listed to the side.

• Anhydrous ammonia (NH3);

• Carbon dioxide (CO2);

• Nitrogen.

The table below gives the main

characteristics of non fl uorinated

refrigerant fl uids.

Other “non fl uorinated” gases

23

SolvoStar: the ideal cooling system cleaning fl uid

“SolvoStar” is an azeotropic

mixture of pentafl uoropropane

and dichloroethylene,

pressurised with nitrogen,

which is used to clean

refrigeration and air-

conditioning system.

Cleaning the cooling circuit is es-

sential to ensure fl awless operation

of refrigeration systems and A/C

circuits. In particular, it is important

to use a cleaning agent when a

compressor motor burns out, or

the retrofi tting of the system calls

for the complete elimination of the

old lubricant or oil, or when, during

scheduled maintenance, we want

to remove metal, sludge, or acid

oil particles from the circuit.

SolvoStar does not harm the

ozone layer and therefore is suita-

ble to replace R-141b (a solvent

now banned in the European

Community).

Benefi ts

• Good solubility with the lubri-

cants used in conjunction with

HCFC and HFC refrigerants:

mineral oils, alkylbenzene oils,

polyoil esters (POE).

• Safe product: non-fl ammable,

non-toxic, non ozone depleting.

• Compatible with a large majority

of the materials currently used in

refrigeration systems.

• Easy to use: since the product

is pressurised with nitrogen, the

circuit is charged without having

to use a pump.

• Easy removal from the system:

thanks to the low boiling point,

the system can be dried rapidly

without any solvent residues be-

ing left in the circuit.

The table below lists the main

characteristics of SolvoStar

Product“ASHRAE”

codeReplaces Applications

Packaging

(kg)Notes

SolvoStar n/a R-11 / R141b Refrigeration system cleaning 30 In nitrogen-pressurised cylinders

Product characteristics

Composition:

• 1, 1, 1, 3, 3 pentafluoropropane (R-245fa)

• Trans-1, 2-dichloroethylene + pressurised with nitrogen to ca 10 bar

87%

13%

Boiling point (at atmospheric P.): 14,7°C

Density of liquid (at 20°C): 1,34 kg/l

Steam pressure (at 20°C): 1,27 bar a.

Steam pressure (at 50°C): 3,47 bar a.

Flash point (ASTM C 3828-87): No

Flammability limit (steam): No

24 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

Rivoira CrioLube® synthetic lubricants

Rivoira CrioLube®, a range of pol-

yoil ester (POE) based synthetic lu-

bricants, has been specially formu-

lated for use in refrigeration and

air-conditioning systems in combi-

nation with all types of HFC refrig-

erant fl uids (R-134a, R-507,

R-404A, R-407C, R-407F, R-410A)

including drop-in blends for HCFC

R-22, such as DupontTM Isceon®

MO29 (R-422D), DupontTM Isceon®

MO25 (R-417A) etc.

The lubricants in the Rivoira

CrioLube® range are suitable

for all types of compressor

(piston, scroll, screw

compressors, etc.) and ensure

high protection against wear to

all steel and aluminium surfaces

and components, thereby

contributing to prolonging the

service life of the equipment.

Latest generation systems include

newly developed compressor tech-

nologies and systems designed to

take up less space while offering

improved performances and higher

energy effi ciency; however, they

work at higher temperatures.

Rivoira CrioLube® range of

products has been developed with

the aim to meet the widest variety

of technological requirements, by

offering a complete and versatile

range of lubricants; moreover,

they ensure excellent oil/refriger-

ant solubility, optimal viscosity and

chemical/thermal stability charac-

teristics, enabling them to be used

over a wide interval of pressures/

temperatures.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Rivoira CrioLube® POE lubricants

CharacteristicsMethod of

analysis

CrioLube

POE 22

CrioLube

POE 32

Criolube

POE 46

CrioLube

POE 68

CrioLube

POE 100

Viscosity @ 40°C (cSt) ASTM D445 22,1 32,1 47,1 69,5 99,2

Viscosity @ 100°C (cSt) ASTM D445 4,6 5,8 7,2 9,1 11,3

Viscosity Index ASTM D2270 126 124 113 106 100

Pour Point (°C) ASTM D97 -56 -48 -44 -36 -36

Density @ 15°C (g/ml) ASTM D1298 0,990 0,980 0,970 0,960 0,960

Flash point COC (°C) ASTM D92 230 235 235 250 255

Acidity (mg KOH/g) ASTM D664 < 0,05 < 0,05 < 0,05 < 0,05 < 0,05

Standards & User Guidelines

Viscosity ISO VG ISO VG 22 ISO VG 32 ISO VG 46 ISO VG 68 ISO VG 100

Household refrigeration • •

Industrial & Commercial Refrigeration • • • • •

Residential A/C • • • •

Mobile A/C (MAC) • •

Containers available Pcs. x Pack Packs x pallet Type

1 liter can 12 40 • • • • •

5 liters 4 40 • • • • •20 liters bucket --- 16 • • • • •200 liters keg --- 2 • • • •

Rivoira CrioLube® lubricants help

to keep heat exchangers in good

and clean conditions, thanks to

their stability at high temperatures

and the wax- free composition, so

enabling remarkable reduction of

system shutdowns for servicing

and cleaning operations.

25

Products for thermohydraulic and air-conditioning systems

Supplementing a full and widely

diversifi ed range of refrigerant

gases, Rivoira proposes products

and materials specially conceived

and developed for installers and

maintenance technicians working

in the thermohydraulics and air-

conditioning sectors including:

• FreeCold™ Nano refrigerant

gases;

• a special weighing kit;

• cleaning and sanitising spray

products for the air-

conditioners;

• spray products for leak

detection.

Cleaning, sanitizing and leak detection spray products

Weighing kit

This handy, easy to use kit, con-

tains all the instruments needed to

weigh 1- and 2-litre capacity

FreeCold™ Nano cylinders:

• 1 electronic scale (max. capacity

5 kg, graduation 1 g);

• 2 cylinder supports (for 1- and

2-litre cylinders) with ¼” or 5/16”

connections;

• 2 shut-off valves;

• 2 sleeves;

• 1 1-litre FreeCold™ Nano

cylinder.

Starnet

Characteristics

Foaming detergent spray for air-

conditioners and fan-coils with low

residuality, for indoor and outdoor

use. Effectively dissolves dirt, in-

cluding dirt of organic origin (e.g.,

gnats) accumulated on the laminar

components of air-conditioners,

compressors, radiators.

Product conforming to Law 155

on H.A.C.C.P. requirements.

Technical data

• PH: 8.6 +/- 0.5

• DENSITY: 1 +- 0.05

• DRY RESIDUE %: 2.3 +- 0.5

• CAN PRESSURE: 3.5 BAR

Packaging

600 ml spray cans, in 12 pcs

boxes.

Sanistar

Characteristics

Detergent, deodoriser, sanitising,

anti-bacterial, germicide spray, with

a pleasant odour, for air-condition-

er fi lters, automotive fi lters.

Product conforming to Law 155

on H.A.C.C.P. requirements.

Technical data

• pH: 6 - 7

• Average action time: ca. 2 min

• Biocide activity: Escherichia

coli; Proteus mirabilis;

Pseudomonas aeruginosa;

Staphylococcus aureus;

Candida albicans;

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

• Can pressure: 3.5 bar

• Active principle: 10%

Packaging

600 ml spray cans, in 12 pcs

boxes.

Starleak

Characteristics

Non-fl ammable gas leak detec-

tion spray for low and high pres-

sure gas and air systems and re-

frigerant gas systems (CFC, HCFC

and HFC). Suitable for fl ammable

gas line control.

Technical data

• Physical state: pressurised con-

tainer with base and liquefi ed gas

• CO2 propellant odour: absent

• Colour: azure

• Specifi c weight at 20°C: 0.96

• Pressure at 20°C: 3.0 bar

• Flammability: non-fl ammable

• Solubility in water: soluble

• Solubility in oil: non-soluble

Packaging

400 ml spray cans, in 12 pcs

boxes.

2626 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

Rivoira’s largest gas-fi lling centre

(for cryogenic, technical,

refrigerant, medical, pure and

specialty gases) is in Anagni

(50km southbound from Rome).

The site was fully restructured in

2010 and embodies the highest

safety and quality standards.

Automatic fi lling station

Empty cylinders are removed

from the cages, checked and

placed on a conveyor belt that

delivers them to a barcode-read-

ing station. Here, an operator

reads the cylinder’s barcode

which enables the system to ac-

quire all pertinent technical data

(such as cylinder capacity, design

pressure, manufacture date, test

period expiration and type of gas

contained).

After that, the cylinder is handled

by an automatic system moved

and placed in one of a number of

parallel rows (one per type of gas

(R-134a, R-404A, R-507, R-407C,

R-410A, R-422D).

These lines feed the filling sec-

tion, which is comprised of two

filling stations to which the con-

tainers are transferred automati-

cally, and where the only manual

step consists of connecting the

cylinder’s quick connect fitting to

the gas charging gun. The sys-

tem recognises the type of cylin-

der and, as a function of the gas

contained in, and the tare, fills it

with the exact programmed

quantity. After the filling, a protec-

tive cap made from a plastic ma-

terial and fitted with a sealing

gasket is screwed onto the cylin-

der inlet valve, then the cylinder

is placed on a scale where the

weight of the gas loaded is

checked again.

After this test, a heat shrink seal

is applied automatically to the

valve and, with the aid of a mag-

netic arm, the cylinders are lifted

and placed in baskets running on

rails to be moved to the filled cyl-

inder storage area.

Benefi ts

This automatic filling system has

many benefits, in terms of safety,

efficiency and time.

• Greater filling speed: the system

can charge up to 100

cylinders/h.

• Reduced physical effort

demanded of the operators: the

cylinders are moved and lifted

automatically.

• Filling-error prevention: the

weight being loaded is

controlled automatically as a

function of type of container

and gas contained in it.

• Faster loading/unloading of filled

and empty cylinders: the system

moves homogeneous baskets of

filled cylinders to the loading

points, where they can be easily

loaded onto the distribution

trucks.

• Better control over the cylinders.

• Valves with safety caps and heat

shrink seals.

• Product guarantee (in terms of

quality and quantity).

• Absolute safety (none of the risks

associated with expired test

period or cylinder overfilling).

• Faster filling resulting in prompter

delivery.

The refrigerant “fi lling station” has been designed to operate automatically as much as possible, reducing manual operations to the bare minimum and ensuring the highest quality standards.

Automatic refrigerant gas fi lling system

Supply options

Rivoira ensures reliable, high quality products, designed for safe utilisation.

27

Characteristics

• Construction in keeping

European TPED standards.

• Marking with: test date, maxi-

mum operating pressure, gas

contained in the cylinder.

• Colouring according to

Standard UNI EN 1089-3.

• Law label identifying the gas

and associated risks.

• Safety valve against overpres-

sure.

• Anti-fi lling device, as a guaran-

tee of gas quality.

• Valve with double (liquid/gas)

tap for mixtures, to facilitate liq-

uid state system fi lling.

Rivoira refrigerant gases are

supplied in different types of

containers:

• 800 - 900 litre capacity cylinders

(roll drums);

• 40 litre cylinders (SmartCold);

• 21.6 litre cylinders in composite

material (LightCold);

• 12 and 13.6 litre cylinders

(FreeCold C, FreeCold MAC and

FreeCold Boxy;

• 7 litre cylinders (FreeCold™);

• 1 or 2.5 litre cylinders

(FreeCold™ Nano, in 12 or 6

pcs boxes).

In order to ensure trouble-free

and safe refrigeration system

operation, Rivoira guarantees the

highest quality standards and

makes exclusive use of

containers conforming to the

latest regulations, which undergo

continuous checks to be able to

work in full safety.

In accordance with Law Decree

on ADR transport, of 6 June

2002, Rivoira cylinders meet the

requirements listed to the side, as

specified for transport within the

national territory.

28

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com

EasyCold, SmartCold / LightCold and FreeCold

FreeCold cylinders ensure the

same safety and traceability

characteristics as the

containers in the EasyCold

line. Their impact on the

environment is reduced.

To meet the specifi c needs of

refrigerant gas users most

effectively, Rivoira has fi ne-

tuned a choice of solutions -

EasyCold, SmartCold /

LightCold and FreeCold -

whereby, for containers of

various capacities, users can

profi t from Rivoira’s traditional

quality standards and rapid,

efficient and convenient

customer service.

An overview of the refrigerant gases

supplied by Rivoira is provided in

Table 1, on page 5.

EasyCold

With the EasyCold service, Rivoira

supplies refrigerant gases in 12.5

litre capacity cylinders, for which it

ensures an immediate replacement

service according to the “Full

against Empty” formula.

The EasyCold solution ensures first

of all a convenient price, in fact there

is no cylinder rental fee and no need

to purchase a new cylinder.

EasyCold cylinders have the same

safety and traceability features as

traditional size containers: they are

built according to the TPED regula-

tions, bear the law labels, are

equipped with safety valves, and

their traceability is ensured by an

additional barcode label.

Furthermore, Rivoira guarantees

continuous and careful mainte-

nance of the containers. Finally,

EasyCold cylinders are eco-friendly

– there is no disposal of metallic

waste materials (empty containers)

containing gas residues.

SmartCold / LightCold

The SmartCold / LightCold service

is very similar to the EasyCold ser-

vice - it supplies refrigerant gases

in 40 litre and 21,6 litre capacity

cylinders.

FreeCold

FreeCold, FreeCold C and FreeCold

Nano, FreeCold MAC and FreeCold

Boxy cylinders are small capacity

cylinders for refrigerant gases, of

compact design, safe and easy to

handle.

FreeCold cylinders are available in a

7-litre size, whereas FreeCold Nano

cylinders are available in 1 and 2.5

litre versions, and in boxes contain-

ing 12 and 6 pieces, respectively.

12 litre capacity FreeCold C and

13.6 litre capacity FreeCold MAC

cylinders are meant for the automo-

tive A/C market and contain

StarCold 134A. As in the case of

EasyCold cylinders, the FreeCold

Boxy solution is meant for the air-

conditioning and refrigeration mar-

ket: it is based on an innovative

sales formula entailing no container

rental fee.

29

Services

Listed below are the documents and

services made available by Rivoira

to our refrigerant gas customers.

• Material Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS).

• Risk-assesment check lists and

procedures documents.

• Product quality specifi cations.

• Technical-application information:

- thermodynamic tables;

- retrofi tting guidelines;

- OEM expertise.

• Training sessions on product

handling: ADR, PED, safety

courses (Law 81/2008) held at

the customer’s premises.

• Design and construction of cen-

tralised gas distribution sys-

tems:

- from 40 litre cylinders;

- from 800-900 litre roll drums

or storage tanks.

• Maximum fl exibility and timeli-

ness in product deliveries to:

- customer warehouses;

- building sites.

• EcoStar service.

EcoStar Service for CFC-HCFC disposal and HFC reclamation

With the EcoStar Service

developed by Rivoira, refrigerant

gases are collected all over Italy,

for disposal (e.g., R-12) or

regeneration (e.g., R-22).

12

12 3

4

5

6

7

11

10 9 8

Acceptance of EcoStar service proposal

Request for RecoveryCold cylinders/kegs

Transmission to EcoStar customer service

“Recovery Cold” containers are

dispatched

Gas is placed in Recovery

Cold containers

The person overseeing system operation/maintenance

compiles the waste characterisation form and issues

the micro-collection service request

Transmission to EcoStar

customer service

Waste collection by an authorised

carrier

Delivering original copy of Waste ID Form,

offi cial document to be kept

Analysis of waste, verifi cation

of EWC code, weight, type and characteristics

of the gas

Arrival at temporary storage

centre

Gas is sent on for disposal by

thermodestruction and/or

regeneration

Acceptance and transmission of 4th original copy of Waste

ID Form attesting collection of waste, to be kept with the 1st

original copy

30

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com

The refrigerant gas recovered from

A/C or refrigeration systems is

classifi ed as a special waste,

hazardous to the environment

(EWC 140601*). As such it must be

transferred to an authorised

disposal centre. The EcoStar

Rivoira service offers the:

• possibility of performing chemi-

cal analyses to evaluate the

characteristics and contamina-

tion level of the refrigerant gas

contained in a system;

• supply of appropriate cylinders

and kegs for refrigerant recovery

purposes (RecoveryCold cylin-

ders);

• intervention of a team of skilled

technicians to empty out the

system (only for major users, re-

quires prior survey and feasibili-

ty analysis);

• collection of cylinders and kegs

by authorised waste carriers;

• execution of verifi cation analy-

ses on recovered gas;

• regeneration treatment on the

gas recovered and delivered to

an authorised centre (e.g.

HFCs);

• non-regenerable gas is sent to

defi nitive disposal centre (e.g.

CFCs and HCFCs).

Rivoira assists customers with

all the steps associated with

the EcoStar service by telling

them how to proceed in full

compliance with the

applicable regulations on

waste and refrigerant gases.

Rivoira makes available its extensive

experience on replacement prod-

ucts, air-conditioning and refrigera-

tion system conversion, new gases.

3131

Appendix: tables and diagrams

Pressure (bar, rel) Temperature (°C) tables page 32

- HCFC

- HFC

- DuPont™ “Series 9” ISCEON®

- Hydrocarbons and other non fl uorinated refrigerant gases

Pressure-Enthalpy diagrams page 36

- HFC R-134a

- HFC R-404

- HFC R-507

- HFC R-407C

- HFC R-410A

- HFC R-22

- ISCEON™ MO29

- Performax LT

- Honeywell Solstice HFO 1234ze

3232 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

HCFCPressure (bar, rel) – Temperature (C°) table

Reference point for superheating calculation

Dew point – Saturated vapor (kPa)

Temp.

°CR-22 R-123

MP39

R-401A

MP66

R-401B

HP80

R-402A

HP81

R-402B

Temp.

°F

-40

-39

-38

-37

-36

105

110

115

121

126

4

4

4

4

5

55

57

60

63

67

59

63

66

69

73

141

147

154

161

168

127

133

139

145

152

-40

-38

-36

-35

-33

-35

-34

-33

-32

-31

132

138

144

151

157

5

5

6

6

6

70

74

77

81

85

76

80

84

88

92

175

183

191

199

208

159

166

173

181

188

-31

-29

-27

-26

-24

-30

-29

-28

-27

-26

164

171

178

186

193

7

7

8

8

9

89

93

98

102

107

97

101

106

111

116

217

226

235

245

254

196

205

213

222

231

-22

-20

-18

-17

-15

-25

-24

-23

-22

-21

201

210

218

227

236

9

10

10

11

11

112

117

122

128

133

121

127

132

138

144

265

275

286

297

309

241

250

260

271

281

-13

-11

-9

-8

-6

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

245

255

265

275

285

12

13

13

14

15

139

145

151

158

164

150

157

163

170

177

321

333

345

358

371

292

303

315

327

339

-4

-2

0

1

3

-15

-14

-13

-12

-11

296

307

319

330

342

16

17

17

18

19

171

178

185

193

200

185

192

200

208

216

385

399

413

428

443

352

365

378

392

406

5

7

9

10

12

-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

355

367

381

394

408

20

21

22

23

25

208

217

225

234

243

225

233

242

252

261

459

475

491

508

525

420

435

450

466

481

14

16

18

19

21

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

245

255

265

275

285

12

13

13

14

15

139

145

151

158

164

150

157

163

170

177

321

333

345

358

371

292

303

315

327

339

-4

-2

0

1

3

0

1

2

3

4

498

514

531

548

566

33

34

36

37

39

302

313

324

336

348

325

336

348

360

373

638

659

680

701

723

586

605

625

645

665

32

34

36

37

39

5

6

7

8

9

10

584

603

622

641

661

681

41

43

45

46

48

51

360

372

385

398

411

425

386

399

413

427

441

455

746

768

792

816

841

866

686

707

729

751

774

797

41

43

45

46

48

50

Reference point for subcooling calculation

Boiling point - Saturated liquid (kPa)

Temp.

°CR-22 R-123

MP39

R-401A

MP66

R-401B

HP80

R-402A

HP81

R-402B

Temp.

°F

10

11

12

13

14

681

702

723

745

767

51

53

55

57

60

500

516

532

549

565

897

923

950

977

1005

532

548

565

582

600

834

859

884

909

935

50

52

54

55

57

15

16

17

18

19

789

812

836

860

885

62

65

67

70

73

583

600

618

636

655

1033

1062

1091

1121

1152

618

637

656

675

695

962

989

1017

1045

1074

59

61

63

64

66

20

21

22

23

24

910

936

962

989

1016

76

79

82

85

88

674

694

714

734

755

1184

1216

1248

1281

1315

715

736

757

778

800

1103

1133

1164

1195

1227

68

70

72

73

75

25

26

27

28

29

1044

1072

1101

1131

1161

91

95

98

102

106

777

798

820

843

866

1350

1385

1421

1458

1495

822

845

869

892

917

1259

1292

1326

1360

1395

77

79

81

82

84

30

31

32

33

34

1192

1223

1255

1288

1321

110

114

118

122

126

890

914

938

963

989

1533

1572

1611

1652

1693

941

967

992

1019

1046

1431

1467

1504

1542

1581

86

88

90

91

93

35

36

37

38

39

1355

1389

1424

1460

1497

131

135

140

145

149

1015

1041

1068

1096

1124

1734

1777

1820

1864

1909

1073

1101

1129

1158

1187

1620

1660

1700

1741

1783

95

97

99

100

102

40

41

42

43

44

1534

1571

1610

1649

1689

154

160

165

170

176

1152

1181

1211

1241

1272

1954

2001

2048

2096

2145

1217

1248

1279

1310

1342

1826

1870

1914

1959

2005

104

106

108

109

111

45

46

47

48

49

1729

1770

1812

1855

1899

182

188

194

200

206

1303

1335

1367

1400

1434

2195

2245

2297

2349

2402

1375

1409

1443

1477

1512

2052

2099

2147

2197

2246

113

115

117

118

120

50

51

52

53

54

1943

1988

2033

2080

2127

212

219

226

233

240

1468

1502

1538

1574

1610

2456

2512

2568

2625

2683

1548

1584

1621

1659

1697

2297

2349

2401

2455

2509

122

124

126

127

129

55

56

57

58

59

2175

2224

2274

2324

2375

247

255

262

270

278

1647

1685

1723

1762

1802

2741

2801

2862

2924

2987

1736

1776

1816

1857

1898

2564

2620

2677

2735

2794

131

133

135

136

138

60

61

62

63

64

65

2428

2481

2534

2589

2645

2701

286

294

303

311

320

329

1842

1883

1925

1967

2010

2054

3051

3116

3183

3250

3318

3388

1940

1983

2027

2071

2116

2162

2854

2914

2976

3039

3103

3168

140

142

144

145

147

149

Dew point

Boiling point

HFCPressure (bar, rel) – Temperature (C°) table

Reference point for subcooling calculation

Boiling point - Saturated liquid (kPa)

Temp.

°CR-134a R-404A R-507 R-407F R-407C R-410A

Temp.

°F

15

16

17

18

19

488

504

521

537

554

956

983

1011

1039

1068

982

1010

1039

1068

1097

993

1022

1052

1082

1113

888

914

940

967

995

1255

1291

1328

1366

1404

59

61

63

64

66

20

21

22

23

24

572

590

608

627

646

1098

1128

1159

1190

1222

1127

1158

1190

1222

1255

1144

1176

1209

1242

1276

1023

1052

1082

1112

1143

1444

1484

1525

1567

1609

68

70

72

73

75

25

26

27

28

29

665

685

706

727

748

1255

1288

1323

1357

1393

1288

1322

1357

1392

1429

1311

1347

1383

1420

1457

1174

1206

1239

1272

1306

1652

1697

1743

1789

1836

77

79

81

82

84

30

31

32

33

34

770

793

815

839

863

1429

1465

1503

1541

1580

1465

1503

1541

1580

1620

1496

1535

1575

1615

1657

1340

1376

1412

1449

1486

1884

1933

1983

2034

2086

86

88

90

91

93

35

36

37

38

39

887

912

937

963

990

1620

1660

1701

1743

1786

1660

1702

1744

1786

1830

1699

1742

1785

1830

1875

1524

1563

1603

1643

1684

2139

2193

2248

2304

2361

95

97

99

100

102

40

41

42

43

44

1017

1044

1072

1101

1130

1829

1873

1918

1964

2011

1874

1919

1965

2012

2060

1921

1968

2016

2065

2115

1726

1768

1811

1855

1900

2419

2479

2539

2600

2663

104

106

108

109

111

45

46

47

48

49

1160

1190

1221

1253

1285

2058

2107

2156

2206

2257

2109

2158

2208

2259

2312

2165

2217

2269

2322

2376

1946

1992

2039

2087

2136

2726

2791

2857

2924

2992

113

115

117

118

120

50

51

52

53

54

1318

1351

1385

1420

1456

2308

2361

2414

2469

2524

2365

2419

2474

2529

2586

2431

2487

2544

2602

2661

2186

2236

2288

2340

2393

3061

3132

3204

3277

3351

122

124

126

127

129

55

56

57

58

59

1492

1528

1566

1604

1642

2580

2637

2695

2754

2814

2644

2703

2763

2824

2887

2720

2781

2843

2906

2970

2447

2502

2557

2614

2671

3427

3503

3581

3661

3741

131

133

135

136

138

60

61

62

63

64

65

1682

1722

1763

1804

1847

1890

2875

2937

3000

3064

3129

3195

2950

3015

3080

3147

3215

3285

3035

3101

3168

3236

3305

3375

2730

2789

2849

2910

2972

3035

3823

3907

3991

4077

4165

4253

140

142

144

145

147

149

Boiling point

Reference point for superheating calculation

Dew point – Saturated vapor (kPa)

Temp.

°CR-134a R-404A R-507 R-407 F R-407C R-410A

Temp.

°F

-40

-39

-38

-37

-36

51

54

57

60

63

133

139

145

152

158

141

147

154

161

168

100

105

110

115

121

85

89

94

99

103

176

184

192

201

210

-40

-38

-36

-35

-33

-35

-34

-33

-32

-31

66

70

73

77

80

165

173

180

188

196

175

183

191

199

207

127

133

140

146

153

109

114

119

125

131

219

229

238

249

259

-31

-29

-27

-26

-24

-30

-29

-28

-27

-26

84

88

93

97

102

204

213

221

230

240

216

225

234

243

253

160

167

175

183

191

137

143

150

157

164

270

281

293

305

317

-22

-20

-18

-17

-15

-25

-24

-23

-22

-21

106

111

116

122

127

249

259

269

280

291

263

273

284

295

306

200

208

217

227

236

171

178

186

194

203

330

343

357

371

385

-13

-11

-9

-8

-6

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

133

139

145

151

157

302

313

325

337

350

318

330

342

355

368

246

256

267

278

289

211

220

229

239

249

400

415

430

446

463

-4

-2

0

1

3

-15

-14

-13

-12

-11

164

171

178

185

193

363

376

389

403

417

381

395

409

423

438

301

313

325

338

351

259

269

280

291

302

480

497

515

534

553

5

7

9

10

12

-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

201

209

217

225

234

432

447

463

479

495

453

469

485

502

518

364

378

393

407

422

314

326

339

351

365

572

592

613

634

655

14

16

18

19

21

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

243

253

262

272

282

511

529

546

564

583

536

553

572

590

609

438

454

470

487

504

378

392

407

421

436

677

700

723

747

771

23

25

27

28

30

0

1

2

3

4

293

304

315

326

338

601

621

641

661

682

629

649

669

690

712

522

541

559

578

598

452

468

485

501

519

797

822

848

875

903

32

34

36

37

39

5

6

7

8

9

350

362

375

388

401

703

725

747

770

793

733

756

779

802

826

618

639

660

682

705

537

555

574

593

613

931

960

989

1020

1050

41

43

45

46

48

10

11

12

13

14

415

429

443

458

473

817

841

866

891

917

851

876

901

927

954

728

751

775

800

825

633

654

675

697

719

1082

1114

1147

1181

1216

50

52

54

55

57

Dew point

33

3434 www.rivoiragas.com

Refrigerants

DuPont™ “Series 9” ISCEON®

Pressure (bar, rel) – Temperature (C°) table

Reference point for superheating calculation

Dew point – Saturated vapor (kPa)

Temp.

°C

Isceon®

MO29

R-422D

Isceon®

39TC

R-423A

Isceon®

MO49

PlusTM

R-437A

Isceon®

MO59

R-417A

Isceon®

MO79

R-422A

Isceon®

89

Temp.

°F

-40

-39

-38

-37

-36

93

98

103

108

113

45

48

50

53

56

59

62

65

69

72

76

80

84

88

92

123

129

135

141

148

165

172

180

188

196

-40

-38

-36

-35

-33

-35

-34

-33

-32

-31

119

125

131

137

143

59

62

65

68

72

76

80

84

88

92

97

102

107

112

117

155

162

169

177

184

205

214

223

232

242

-31

-29

-27

-26

-24

-30

-29

-28

-27

-26

150

156

163

171

178

75

79

82

86

90

97

101

106

111

116

123

128

134

140

147

193

201

210

218

228

252

263

273

284

296

-22

-20

-18

-17

-15

-25

-24

-23

-22

-21

186

194

203

211

220

95

99

104

108

113

122

127

133

139

145

153

160

167

175

182

237

247

257

267

278

307

319

332

344

358

-13

-11

-9

-8

-6

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

229

239

248

258

269

118

124

129

135

140

151

158

165

172

179

190

198

206

215

224

289

300

312

324

336

371

385

399

414

429

-4

-2

0

1

3

-15

-14

-13

-12

-11

280

291

302

314

326

146

153

159

165

172

186

194

202

210

219

233

242

252

262

272

349

362

376

390

404

444

460

477

493

510

5

7

9

10

12

-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

338

351

364

377

391

179

186

194

202

210

227

236

246

255

265

283

294

305

316

328

418

433

449

465

481

528

546

565

584

603

14

16

18

19

21

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

405

420

435

450

466

218

226

235

244

253

275

286

296

307

319

340

353

366

379

393

498

515

532

550

569

623

643

664

686

708

23

25

27

28

30

0

1

2

3

4

482

499

516

533

551

262

272

282

292

303

330

342

355

367

380

407

421

436

451

467

587

607

627

647

668

730

753

777

801

826

32

34

36

37

39

5

6

7

8

9

10

569

588

607

627

647

668

313

324

336

347

359

372

394

407

421

436

451

466

482

499

516

555

550

568

689

711

733

756

779

803

851

877

903

930

957

985

41

43

45

46

48

50

Reference point for subcooling calculation

Boiling point - Saturated liquid (kPa)

Temp.

°C

Isceon®

MO29

R-422D

Isceon®

39TaC

R-423A

Isceon®

MO49

PlusTM

R-437A

Isceon®

MO59

R-417A

Isceon®

MO79

R-422A

Isceon®

89

Temp.

°F

10

11

12

13

14

740

762

784

808

831

381

393

407

420

434

508

525

541

558

576

639

658

678

699

720

841

866

892

918

944

1025

1054

1084

1114

1145

50

52

54

55

57

15

16

17

18

19

856

880

906

931

958

448

463

478

493

509

594

612

631

650

670

742

763

786

809

832

971

999

1027

1056

1086

1177

1209

1241

1275

1309

59

61

63

64

66

20

21

22

23

24

985

1012

1040

1069

1098

525

541

558

575

592

690

710

731

753

775

856

881

906

931

957

1116

1146

1178

1210

1242

1344

1379

1415

1452

1490

68

70

72

73

75

25

26

27

28

29

1128

1158

1189

1221

1253

610

629

648

667

686

797

820

843

867

892

984

1011

1038

1067

1095

1276

1310

1344

1380

1415

1528

1567

1607

1647

1688

77

79

81

82

84

30

31

32

33

34

1286

1320

1354

1389

1424

706

727

748

769

791

917

942

968

994

1021

1125

1155

1185

1216

1248

1452

1490

1528

1566

1606

1730

1773

1817

1861

1906

86

88

90

91

93

35

36

37

38

39

1460

1497

1535

1573

1612

813

836

859

883

907

1049

1077

1106

1135

1165

1280

1313

1347

1381

1416

1646

1687

1729

1772

1815

1952

1999

2047

2096

2145

95

97

99

100

102

40

41

42

43

44

1651

1692

1733

1775

1817

932

957

983

1009

1036

1195

1226

1258

1290

1323

1451

1487

1524

1562

1600

1859

1904

1950

1996

2044

2196

2247

2299

2352

2406

104

106

108

109

111

45

46

47

48

49

1860

1905

1949

1995

2042

1063

1091

1120

1148

1178

1356

1390

1425

1460

1496

1639

1679

1719

1760

1802

2092

2141

2191

2242

2294

2461

2518

2575

2633

2692

113

115

117

118

120

50

51

52

53

54

2089

2137

2186

2236

2286

1208

1238

1270

1301

1334

1533

1570

1608

1646

1686

1844

1887

1931

1976

2022

2346

2400

2454

2510

2566

2752

2813

2876

2939

3004

122

124

126

127

129

55

56

57

58

59

2338

2390

2444

2498

2553

1367

1400

1434

1469

1505

1726

1767

1808

1850

1893

2068

2115

2163

2212

2261

2624

2682

2742

2802

2864

3070

3137

3205

3275

3346

131

133

135

136

138

60

61

62

63

64

65

2609

2666

2724

2783

2843

2904

1541

1577

1615

1653

1691

1731

1937

1981

2027

2073

2119

2167

2312

2363

2415

2468

2522

2577

2926

2990

3055

3121

3188

3257

3418 140

142

144

145

147

149

Dew point

Boiling point

Hydrocarbons and other non fl uorinated refrigerant gasesPressure (bar, rel) – Temperature (°C) table

Temperature

°C

Propane

R-290

(a)

Iso-Butane

R-600°

(a)

Ammonia

R-717

(b)

Carbon Dioxide

R-744

(C)

-40 0.11 -0.72 -0.28 9.04

-36 0.32 -0.65 -0.12 10.60

-32 0.55 -0.58 0.08 12.33

-28 0.81 -0.49 0.32 14.25

-24 1.11 -0.39 0.59 16.35

-20 1.44 -0.28 0.90 18.67

-16 1.82 -0.15 1.26 21.21

-12 2.23 0 1.68 23.98

-8 2.69 0.17 2.15 27.00

-4 3.19 0.35 2.69 30.26

0 3.74 0.56 3.29 33.81

4 4.35 0.80 3.97 37.64

8 5.01 1.06 4.74 41.78

12 5.73 1.35 5.59 46.24

16 6.51 1.67 6.53 51.04

20 7.36 2.02 7.57 56.22

24 8.28 2.40 8.73 61.79

28 9.27 2.82 10.00 67.82

32 10.33 3.28 11.38 -

36 11.47 3.77 12.90 -

40 12.69 4.31 14.55 -

44 14.00 4.89 16.35 -

48 15.40 5.51 18.30 -

52 16.89 6.19 20.42 -

56 18.47 6.91 22.70 -

60 20.16 7.68 25.16 -

(a) Highly flammable. Possibility of severe risks for failure to adopt appropriate safety

measures.

(b) Highly toxic and flammable. Possibility of severe risks for failure to adopt appropriate

safety measures.

(c) High pressure fluid.

35

www.rivoiragas.com36

Refrigerants

HFC R-134aPressure - Enthalpy diagram

www.rivoiragas.com36

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (k

J/k

g)

37

HFC R-404APressure - Enthalpy diagram

37

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

www.rivoiragas.com38

Refrigerants

HFC R-507Pressure - Enthalpy diagram

www.rivoiragas.com38

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

Pressione / Pressure (bar)

39

HFC R-407CPressure - Enthalpy diagram

39

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

www.rivoiragas.com40

HFC R-410APressure - Enthalpy diagram

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com40

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

41

HCFC R-22Pressure - Enthalpy diagram

41

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

ISCEON® MO29 (R-422D)Pressure - Enthalpy diagram

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com42

Pressure (MPa)

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

Performax LTPressure - Enthalpy diagram

43

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

Dia

gra

m p

rocessed

by R

EF

PR

OP

sw

(vers

ion 8

.0)

www.rivoiragas.com44

Honeywell Solstice HFO 1234zePressure - Enthalpy diagram

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com44

Pressure (bar)

Enth

alp

y (kJ/k

g)

Refe

rence S

tate

:

h =

200 k

J/k

g, s =

1.0

0 k

J/k

g-K

sat.

liq

at

0°C

45

Notes

45

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Notes

Refrigerants

www.rivoiragas.com46

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other countries.

Rivoira Refrigerants S.r.l. I-20122 Milano - Via Durini, 7V.A.T and Fiscal Number 08418360965 Share Capital euro 5.319.000 i.v. R.E.A. Milano n. 2024606 Rivoira Refrigerant S.r.l. Single-member companyunder the management and coordinationof Rivoira S.p.A.

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Printed in ItalyPE-172-UK 09/14

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