Resources Management
Resources ManagementDr. Ahmed ElyamanyOutlineDefinition of
ResourcesResource Aggregation/LoadingProblems Associated with
ResourceResource LevelingResource SchedulingWhat a resource?Any
thing that is used by an activity to get the work done, such as:
Material, Equipment, Labor, Money, ..
Resources ClassificationResources can be:Consumable (Money,
Material,)Non Consumable (Labor, Equipment,)
Resources can be:Key or constrained resources (Skilled labor,
Equipment,)Secondary or non-constrained resources (Labor, )General
resources, used by all activitiesDuration-Driven ScheduleAll CPM
scheduling techniques are duration driven schedulesBasic units:
activities, durations, relationshipsAssumes resources are available
whenever needed
Difference between:Working datesCalendar dates
Optimum Resource UsageNeed of resource is fixed along the
project construction timeImpossible to achieve because of
activities overlap
Work volume = Area = resource units x timeResource
demandResource availableResource HistogramGraphically represents
resource needsRelation between resource units and time
Procedure:Draw the networkDraw the bar chartDetermine the points
where activities start and/or finish.Preferred Resource Usage
Resource Aggregation/LoadingThe summation, on a period-by-period
basis, of the resources required to complete all activities based
on the schedule carried out in the previous stage
The results are usually shown graphically as a histogram
A separate graph will be required for each resourceResource
Aggregation/LoadingConsider the following activitiesResource limit
= 10 units /weekActivityDuration (week)Resources
(units/week)ABCDE23252Shown in the histogramResource
Aggregation/Loading
Resource LimitProblems Associated with ResourceResource
Fluctuation (Resource leveling)Resource Over allocation (Resource
Scheduling)
High hiring and firingLess hiring and firingResource Leveling
(Smoothing)Unconstrained resource scheduling (Constrained
time)Resource LevelingResource unconstrained (No limits on
resources)Time (Project completion) constrained; project duration
not be delayedReduce the difference between the peaks and the
valleysAverage resource usageThe objective is to smooth the use of
the resources to avoid the resource fluctuationResource Leveling
(Smoothing)
Resource Leveling (Smoothing)
Resource Leveling (Smoothing)Heuristic Method ProcedurePrepare a
complete activity scheduleDraw a bar chart based on ES timingsDraw
the FF as dashed line beside the upper side of the bar and the TF
beside the lower sidePut the resource usage in each bar of the
related activityCritical activities to be drawn first (do not move
them)Aggregate the resources in each time periodResource Leveling
(Smoothing)Heuristic Method ProcedureCalculate the total usage of
resources = unit period usageCalculate the average resource usage =
usage / utilization periodShift non-critical activities within
their FF first, then their TF to decrease the peaks and raise the
valleysRevise the activities floatAggregate the resources in each
time periodResource Leveling (Example)ActivityActivity Duration
(Weeks)PredecessorsResource(units/week)ABCDEFGHIJKLMN02532666427322-111223445,
66, 72, 82, 8, 910, 11, 12, 1300221231042240Resource Leveling
(Example)
Resource Leveling
(Example)ActivityESEFFFTFABCDEFGHIJKLMN00002253381199180253481197101812112000004000280670030612306980670Resource
Leveling (Example)
Resource Leveling (Example)
Resource Leveling (Example)
Resource Leveling (Example)
Resource Leveling (Example)
Resource SchedulingConstrained resource scheduling
(Unconstrained time)Resource SchedulingConstrained
ResourcesUnconstrained project completion; project time may be
delayedReduce the resource usage to be less than the resource
availabilityThe objective is to meet the resources limitsResource
Scheduling
Resource SchedulingIs there is a way to prioritize activities
That compete for the limited resourcesso that the net project delay
isminimized?Resource SchedulingResource Scheduling Rules of
ThumbMany rules have been experimented withLeast TF were found to
be most effectiveLeast LS has the same effect as the least TF and
doesnt require network recalculationsIn case of a tie use least
TFResource SchedulingProcedurePrepare a complete activity
scheduleAggregate the daily resource demandIf demand greater than
available then determine activities compete for resourcesPrioritize
these activities based on their LSAllocate resources to some
activities and delay the othersPut your solution in table
formatResource Scheduling (Example)ActivityDuration
(Weeks)PredecessorsResource
(units/week)R18R21ABCDEFGHIJK64284101686610---ADBBFE, HCG,
J3640404245201011100110Resource Scheduling (Example)
Resource Scheduling (Example)
Resource Scheduling (Example)
QuestionsContact:Dr. Ahmed
[email protected]
