4 Cool Science 4 Cool Science ExperimentsExperiments

By: Daniela RamosBy: Daniela Ramos

Experiment #1 Experiment #1

• First, take out the plate and the soap for First, take out the plate and the soap for experiment #1.experiment #1.

• Then, pull out the pepper bag of the plate. (please Then, pull out the pepper bag of the plate. (please don’t smell it or you will start to sneeze.)don’t smell it or you will start to sneeze.)

• Next, I will come around and pour water into your Next, I will come around and pour water into your plates.plates.

• After I pour the water, open the pepper, and After I pour the water, open the pepper, and sprinkle it on top of the water.sprinkle it on top of the water.

• Then, put a bit of soap on your finger and touch the Then, put a bit of soap on your finger and touch the top of the water.top of the water.

• The pepper should have moved to the rim of the The pepper should have moved to the rim of the bowl and left the middle untouched.bowl and left the middle untouched.

What Happened?What Happened?

• Pepper is used in this experiment just because it is Pepper is used in this experiment just because it is easy to see the reaction. This means that if we would easy to see the reaction. This means that if we would have used any other floating substance like flour, it have used any other floating substance like flour, it would have worked.would have worked.

• A molecule of pepper on top of the water is not A molecule of pepper on top of the water is not attracted in any direction except downwards because attracted in any direction except downwards because that’s where all the other molecules of it’s type are. that’s where all the other molecules of it’s type are. This creates a type of skin on top of the water called This creates a type of skin on top of the water called surface tension.surface tension.

• Soap destroys the surface tension of water. This Soap destroys the surface tension of water. This makes it look like pepper is rejected by soap, but in makes it look like pepper is rejected by soap, but in fact, pepper stays afloat on the skin of water which fact, pepper stays afloat on the skin of water which scoots away from the soap, taking the pepper with it. scoots away from the soap, taking the pepper with it.

Experiment #2Experiment #2

• For this experiment, all you need is your hand.For this experiment, all you need is your hand.

• First, put it flat on your desk. First, put it flat on your desk.

• Next, move all your fingers.Next, move all your fingers.

• After that, curl up your middle finger and push it After that, curl up your middle finger and push it back under your hand as far as it will go. back under your hand as far as it will go.

• Now, try to move all your fingers again.Now, try to move all your fingers again.

• Your ring finger should be frozen in place.Your ring finger should be frozen in place.

What Happened?What Happened?

• All the tendons in your fingers are independent All the tendons in your fingers are independent except the middle and ring fingers.except the middle and ring fingers.

• This means that those tendons are connected This means that those tendons are connected making it very difficult to move your ring finger making it very difficult to move your ring finger once your middle finger is down.once your middle finger is down.

• PS: There are a few people that can do it; I never PS: There are a few people that can do it; I never said it was impossible, just very hard.said it was impossible, just very hard.

Experiment #3Experiment #3• We will be doing this experiment in groups, and picking 5 We will be doing this experiment in groups, and picking 5

volunteers (per group) to help me .volunteers (per group) to help me .• 11stst volunteers, take out the box of matches, the tape, and a volunteers, take out the box of matches, the tape, and a

coin.coin.• 22ndnd volunteers, take out 2 matches from the box, place the volunteers, take out 2 matches from the box, place the

box in the middle of 2 desks all the way to the front (so box in the middle of 2 desks all the way to the front (so everyone can see), and give the matches to volunteer #3.everyone can see), and give the matches to volunteer #3.

• 33rdrd volunteers, take a small piece of tape and make it into a volunteers, take a small piece of tape and make it into a tube (with the sticky part on the outside). Stick a match on tube (with the sticky part on the outside). Stick a match on the very top of the tape so it stands upright. Put it down on the very top of the tape so it stands upright. Put it down on the right side of the box. Put the coin on the left side, and the right side of the box. Put the coin on the left side, and balance the other match leaning on the first match andbalance the other match leaning on the first match and on on the coin. the coin.

• 44th th and 5and 5thth volunteers, your job is to get the coin out from volunteers, your job is to get the coin out from under the match without letting the match fall over (you under the match without letting the match fall over (you can’t touch the match).can’t touch the match).

• Stumped? Well, let me tell you that there is a possible way Stumped? Well, let me tell you that there is a possible way to do this, and me and my mom will show you.to do this, and me and my mom will show you.

What Happened?What Happened?

• Wood is made up of giant molecules which form Wood is made up of giant molecules which form long chains. They make needle shape crystals.long chains. They make needle shape crystals.

• When wood is heated, these long stretched When wood is heated, these long stretched chains start to move around, and causes a chains start to move around, and causes a contraction. contraction.

• When a match burns, the part that is just at the When a match burns, the part that is just at the end of the flame as it burns down gets hot. But it end of the flame as it burns down gets hot. But it gets hotter at the top than at the bottom. So, the gets hotter at the top than at the bottom. So, the top part starts contracting before (and more than) top part starts contracting before (and more than) the bottom, and this causes the match to bend the bottom, and this causes the match to bend upwards.upwards.

Experiment #4Experiment #4• We are going to do this one very similarly to #3. We are going to do this one very similarly to #3.

Again we will have groups and volunteers.Again we will have groups and volunteers.• 11stst volunteers, take out 2 coins, 3 matches, tape, the volunteers, take out 2 coins, 3 matches, tape, the

plate, and a cup. plate, and a cup. • 22ndnd volunteers, place the plate in the same place as volunteers, place the plate in the same place as

last time and put the coin on the left side of the plate.last time and put the coin on the left side of the plate.• My mom will come around and pour water and food My mom will come around and pour water and food

coloring (it’s easier to see) into the plate.coloring (it’s easier to see) into the plate.• 33rdrd volunteers, tape the 3 matches together and stick volunteers, tape the 3 matches together and stick

the matches on a tube of tape. Stick a coin on the the matches on a tube of tape. Stick a coin on the bottom, and place the whole thing on the right side of bottom, and place the whole thing on the right side of the plate.the plate.

• My mom will light the matches and the 4My mom will light the matches and the 4thth volunteers volunteers will have to place the cup on top of the matches right will have to place the cup on top of the matches right when they are lit.when they are lit.

• The water should get sucked up into the cup. The water should get sucked up into the cup.

What Happened? What Happened?

• For a fire to start, you need combustible material For a fire to start, you need combustible material (matches), oxygen (air), and a spark (lighter).(matches), oxygen (air), and a spark (lighter).

• When my mom lit the matches in the cup, the fire When my mom lit the matches in the cup, the fire only could take the air that was in the cup. only could take the air that was in the cup.

• Air takes up space. As the air rapidly turned to Air takes up space. As the air rapidly turned to fire, the cup got empty and sucked up the water fire, the cup got empty and sucked up the water just to fill that empty space. just to fill that empty space.

Do it at home Do it at home

• All you need are 2 unsharpened pencils (or All you need are 2 unsharpened pencils (or colored pencil that don’t have erasers or 2 sides).colored pencil that don’t have erasers or 2 sides).

• Hold one in each hand, with the flat sides Hold one in each hand, with the flat sides touching.touching.

• Now, push them together as hard as you can for Now, push them together as hard as you can for 10 seconds.10 seconds.

• As you pull apart you should feel a magnetic pull.As you pull apart you should feel a magnetic pull.

Thanks for Watching!!!Thanks for Watching!!!