4 ACT Science Homework 4 Science 1, Set 1 35 Minutes — 40 ...students.studypoint.com/ACTv4/pdfs/QuestionSheet/7.1v4.pdf · 17 3.1 years 1.4 years 2 years 62.0 Starts to reproduce

ACT HOMEWORK SCIENCE 1, SET 1 1

4 4ACT Science HomeworkScience 1, Set 1

35 Minutes — 40 Questions

DIRECTIONS: There are seven passages in this test. Each passage is followed by several questions. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question andfillinthecorrespondingovalonyouranswerdocument. Youmayrefertothepassagesasoftenasnecessary.

YouareNOTpermittedtouseacalculatoronthistest.Passage I

Pillbugs,alsoknownaspotatobugsorrollypollys,aresmallisopods.Inordertostudytheenvironmentalpref-erencesofthesesmallanimals,researchesplaced20pillbugsinadevicethathastwopetridishesconnectedbyasmallbridge(showninFigure1).Theythentestedthebugs’preferencebyplacingtwodifferentconditionsoneachsideofthecontainerandrecordingthenumberofbugsoneachsideat2minuteintervalsfor10minutes.

Figure1:

Table1:AmountofLight pH Surface Texture

Time(Minutes) Light Dark Neutral Acidic Smooth Rough0 10 10 10 10 10 102 6 14 9 11 10 104 3 17 13 7 6 146 5 15 16 4 3 178 2 18 18 2 3 1710 0 20 19 1 2 18


4 41.Basedonthedata,inwhattypeofenvironmentwouldyoumostlikelyfindpillbugs? A.Smoothsurface,limitedlight,neutralpH B.Smoothsurface,light,neutralpH C.Roughsurface,limitedlight,neutralpHD.Roughsurface,limitedlight,acidic

2.Basedonthedataprovided,iftheexperimenttestingtimehadcontinuedbeyond10minutes,onewouldexpectthat:F.thepillbugsontheacidicandsmoothsidesat10minuteswouldmovetotheneutralandrough sides, respectively. G.someofthepillbugsontheneutralandroughsidesat10minuteswouldmovetotheacidicandsmoothsides,respectively. H.someofthepillbugsonthedarkandneutralsidesat10minuteswouldmovetothelight and acidic sides, respectively. J.someofthepillbugsonthedarkandrough sidesat10minuteswouldmovetothelightandsmoothsides,respectively.

3.Thegallmidgeisasmallinsectthatisfoundin bright areas with acidic soil. Would you expect to findpillbugsinthesameenvironmentasgall midges? A. No, because pill bugs prefer dark areas B. No, because pill bugs prefer areas with rough surfaces C. Yes, because pill bugs prefer light areas D. Yes, because pill bugs prefer acidic areas

4.Accordingtothedata,towhichenvironmental changedidthepillbugsmostquicklyreact? F.Texture of surface G. pH of surface H.Amountoflight J.Cannotbedeterminedfromthedata

5. Which of the following best represents the data forthepHofthesurface?

A.

B.

C.

D.


4 4Passage II

Whenthepressureofagas(measuredintorr)ischanged,thevolumealsochanges.Thepressureandvolumealsochangewithtemperatureandtheamountofgas,asshowninthetablebelow.

Mass (ingrams)

Pressure (intorr)

Temperature(inKelvin)

Volume(inL)

36.04 750 25 5 36.04 1650 55 536.04 2250 75 536.04 300 10 536.04 1000 25 3.7536.04 312.5 25 1236.04 375 25 1072.08 1125 25 572.08 750 25 10

6.Howdoesthepressurechangewhenthevolumechanges?F. Pressuregoesdownwhenvolumegoesdown.G.Pressuregoesdownwhenvolumegoesup.H.Pressuregoesupwhenvolumegoesup.J. Pressureandvolumearenotrelated.

7.Howdoestemperaturechangewhenpressureis changed?A. Whentemperaturegoesdownthepressure increases.B. Whentemperaturegoesupthepressure increases.C.Whentemperaturegoesdownthepressure staysthesame.D.Whentemperaturegoesupthepressure decreases.

8.Whatwouldhappentopressureiftemperature andvolumeweredoubled?F. Thepressurewouldincrease. G. The pressure would decrease.H.Itisimpossibletotell.J. Thepressurewouldstaythesame.

9.Whatisthemass(ingrams)ofagasthathasa pressureof1125torr,atemperatureof25K,andavolumeof5L?A.36.04 B. 144.16C.18.02D.72.08

10.Whatwouldbetheapproximatepressure(intorr)ofagaswithamassof36.04grams,atemperatureof40K,andavolumeof5L?F.1200G.525H.1950J.700


4 4Passage III

Everyyear,since1959,peopleparticipateintheChristmasBirdCount,anannualcountofbirds,lookingatbothpopulation diversity and abundance.

Buteo jamaicensis(Red-tailedhawk) Phasianus colchicus (Ring-neckedpheasant)

Bubo virginianus (Greathornedowl) Cyanocitta cristata(Bluejay)


4 411.HowmanyPhasianuscolchicuswouldyouexpecttoseein1993? A. 7B.10C.12 D. 15

12.Whichspecieshadthegreatestpopulation changeinthe1970’s?F.Cyanocittacristata G. Bubo virginianus H. Phasianus colchicusJ.Buteojamaicensis

13.Whichspecieshasthemoststablepopulation? A. Phasianus colchicus B. Bubo virginianusC.Buteojamaicensis D. Cyanocitta cristata

14. Which set of years saw the greatest change in thenumberofButeojamaicensiscounted?F.1980-1981 G. 1966-1967 H. 1977-1978J.1972-1973

15.Whichofthespeciesisthemostcommon? A. Bubo virginianus B. Phasianus colchicusC.Buteojamaicensis D. Cyanocitta cristata


4 4Passage IV

Astudywasperformedatahatcherytoobservethedifferentstagesofafrog’slifecycle.Threedifferentfrogspecieswerecompared.Eggswerefertilizedandthenplacedinwaterbathsinordertoreplicateconditionsfoundinnature.Theresultsofthisstudyaresummarizedinthetablebelow.

AgeSpadefootFrog CommonFrog CaneFrog Size

Stage (Pelobatesfuscus)

(Ranatemporaria)

(Bufomarinus)

mm Characteristics of Stage

Tadpole1 ----------- ----------- ----------- ------ Eggisfertilized2 12-15hours 8-10hours 9-10hours ------ 2cells(yolksplits)3 20-22hours 16 hours 17-18 hours ------ 16 cells4 30hours 18-20hours 24hours ------ 32cells5 21days 6 days 15 days 1.5 Egg hatches6 22-23days 7-10days 19-20days 1.7 Totally aquatic; eats algae; has external

gills; lacks teeth7 32-35days 13-16 days 22-24days 2.2 Beginstoswim8 7 weeks 5 weeks 6 weeks 6.3 Lungsbegintodevelop9 11 weeks 6.5 weeks 7 weeks 10.7 Internal organs develop, skin grows over

gills; tail grows

Metamorphosis of Tadpole to Froglet10 7months 7-9 weeks 10-12weeks 12.9 Hind legs begin to grow; tail starts to disap-

pear11 8months 3months 4months 16.5 Frontlegsbegintogrow;tailalmostgone12 8.5months 3.8months 4.6months 20.0 Beginstoswimtosurface;breathair13 10months 5.2months 6months 23.0 Capable of living on land or in water

Adult Frog14 11.5months 6months 7.2months 28.1 Eats arthropods and gastropods15 1.3 years 9months 9.5months 35.5 Lookslikeminiatureversionofadult16 2years 11months 1 year 62.0 Fullsize,mayeatinsects17 3.1 years 1.4 years 2years 62.0 Starts to reproduce & have offspring18 5+ years 4+ years 3.5+ years 62.0 Death


4 416.Ascientistscoopsoutasmallnetfullofpre-adultfrogs.Shemeasuresandrecordstheirlengths.Iftheaveragelengthis10.2mm,inwhichstageofdevelopmentmustthefrogbe?F.Stage6 G. Stage 13 H. Stage 9 J. Stage 15

17.Basedonthedataprovided,determinewhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue.A.Allofthespeciesneedatleast2yearsbefore they can reproduce.B.Thespadefootfrogreachesfullsizebeforethe cane frog. C. The lungs start to develop before the external gills.D.PelobatesfuscusbeginstoswimafterRanatemporaria.

18.Somespeciesoffrogsmaynotgothroughthemetamorphosisphaseuntilspring.Iftheeggsof all three of these observed species hatched in October,whichofthefollowingspeciesmustremaininthetadpolephasethroughwinter?F.PelobatesfuscusandBufomarinusG.RanatemporariaH.Bufomarinus J. Pelobates fuscus

19. Which of the following characteristics does the commonfrogstarttoexhibitat15weeks?A.SwimstothesurfaceandbreathsairB.Lungsbegintodevelop C. Starts living on land D. Begins to reproduce

20.Duringwhichphase(s)ofthelifecyclecouldthefrogbeconsideredmoreofanherbivoreratherthananomnivoreorcarnivore?F.Tadpoleandadult G. TadpoleH.Frogletandadult J. Adult


4 4Passage V

Theamountofhydrocarbonsintheatmosphereisincreasingeveryyear.


4 4

ThetopgraphshowtheseasonalpatternoftheamountofCO2intheatmospherewhilethebottomgraphshowsthemonthlydifferencebetweenwhatisexpectedandwhatactuallyhappened

http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/gallery/cmdl_overview source material

21.Whichgreenhousegasisincreasingthemost quickly?A.CFC-11 B. Nitrous oxide C. Methane D. Carbon dioxide

22.Whatisapossiblereasonwhysomeofthegaseshaveleveledofforevendecreasedtheiramountsintheatmosphere?F.Theamountofgasreleasedintothe atmospherehasdecreased.G.Industryisabletocreatemoreofthesegases. H. They have all been converted into carbon dioxide. J. These gases have been released into space.

23.Howmuchhastheamountofcarbondioxide increasedfrom1955-2004?A.10%B.15%C.20%D.50%

24.Whichgasesareshowingstagnationorwaning?F.CFC-12,CFC-11,methaneG.CFC-12,methane,nitrousoxideH.CFC-12,CFC-11,carbondioxideJ.CFC-11,methane,nitrousoxide

25.Whenisthedifferencegreatestbetweenwhatistheexpectedamountofcarbondioxideandtheactual? A. July B. August C. MayD.September

26.Intheaverageseasonalcycleofcarbondioxide,whichseasonisthelowpoint?F. WinterG.SummerH.Autumn J. Spring


4 4Passage VI

ThecoastofmuchofAmericacanbeconsideredvulnerabletoariseinsealevel.Thereareseveralfactorsthatgo into the ranking of vulnerability for a coastline. They are the geology of a coastline, where rocky cliffs are themoststableandsandbeachesaretheleaststable;thecoastalslope,ameasureofthehowfastthelandrisesfromthecoast,wherethegreatertheinclinethelessvulnerable;shorelineerosion,measuredinmeters/year,wherethegreaterthemeasure,themorevulnerable;andthemeanwaveheight,wherethegreaterthewaveheightthemorevulnerable. Site Geology Coastal

SlopeShoreline Erosion

Mean wave height

LongIsland

Rocky Cliffs

Steep (1%)

-1.75m/y .045m

Baltimore Sandy Beaches

Gradual (.03%)

-1.55m/y 1.0m

Cape Caneveral

Sandy Beaches

Gradual (.04%)

-1.65m/y .65m

Key West Sandy Beaches

Gradual (.02%)

-2.1m/y 1.1m

27.Whichofthesiteswouldbetheleastvulnerabletoariseinsealevel?A.LongIslandB.Baltimore C. Cape Canaveral D. Key West

28.Whydoesanincreasedmeanwaveheightincreasethevulnerabilityofthecoastline?F.Theextraamountofwateraddedtothecoast will lift the level of the sea.G.Theextraamountofwateraddedtothecoast will lower the level of the sea.H.Theenergyofthewaveaddsmorematerialto the shore.J. Theenergyofthewavetakesmorematerial fromtheshore. 29.Ifalargehurricaneweretogenerategreatererosion,whichsitewouldbemostatrisk? A. Key West B. Cape CanaveralC.LongIslandD.Baltimore

30.Theimpactofmanisfeltalongthecoastline, throughbuildinganddestructionofmarine habitats.Anareawithsandybeachesismore likelytohavealargemarinehabitat.Whichofthefollowingproposedprojectswouldhave theleastamountofimpactoncoastalvulnerability?F. Buildingbarriersfortheoceanoffthecoastof BaltimoreG.Harvestingscallopsofftheoceanfloornearthe coastofLongIslandH.Dredgingtheoceanbottomoffthecoastof Cape CanaveralJ.BuildingafloatingresortnearKeyWest.

31.Whichofthefollowingisthemostvulnerabletoariseinsealevel?A.Baltimore B. Cape Canaveral C.LongIsland D. Key West


4 4Passage VII

Theperiodictableoftheelementslistsallofthenaturallyoccurringelementsandorganizesthemaccordingtotheirnumberofprotons,whichiscalledtheatomicnumber.Thetablealsoincludeseachelement’saverageatom-icmass.Elementsareorganizedbygeneralsimilarities:columnsarecalledgroupsandrowsarecalledperiods.

Periodic Table of the Elements1H

Hydrogen1.01

Key

2HeHelium4.00

3Li

Lithium6.94

4BeBeryllium

9.01

11NaSodium22.99

5BBoron10.81

6C

Carbon12.01

7N

Nitrogen14.01

8O

Oxygen16.00

9F

Fluorine19.00

10Ne

Neon20.18

11NaSodium22.99

12MgMagnesium

24.31

13Al

Aluminum26.98

14SiSilicon28.09

15P

Phosphorous

30.97

16S

Sulfur32.07

17Cl

Chlorine35.45

18ArArgon39.95

19K

Potassium39.10

20CaCalcium40.08

21Sc

Scandium44.96

22Ti

Titanium50.94

23V

Vanadium52.00

24Cr

Chromium54.94

25MnManganese

55.95

26Fe

Iron55.85

27CoCobalt58.93

28NiNickel58.69

29CuCopper63.55

30Zn

Zinc65.39

31GaGallium69.72

32Ge

Germanium72.61

33AsArsenic74.92

34Se

Selenium78.96

35BrBromine79.90

36KrKrypton83.80

37RbRubidium85.47

38Sr

Strontium87.62

39Y

Yttrium88.91

40Zr

Zirconium91.22

41NbNiobium92.91

42Mo

Molybdenum95.94

43Tc

Technetium(98)

44Ru

Ruthenium101.07

45RhRhodium102.91

46Pd

Palladium106.42

47Ag

Silver107.87

48CdCadmium112.41

49InIndium114.82

50Sn

Tin118.71

51SbAntimony121.76

52Te

Tellerium127.60

53I

Iodine126.90

54XeXenon

131.2955

CsCaesium132.91

56BaBarium137.33

57LaLutetium138.91

72Hf

Hafnium178.49

73Ta

Tantalum180.95

74W

Tungsten183.84

75ReRhenium186.21

76OsOsmium190.23

77Ir

Iridium192.22

78Pt

Platinum195.08

79Au

Gold196.97

80HgMercury200.59

81Tl

Thallium204.38

82Pb

Lead207.2

83Bi

Bismuth208.98

84PoPolonium

(209)

85AtAstatine(210)

86RnRadon(222)

87Fr

Francium(223)

88RaRadium(226)

89AcActinium(227)

104Rf

Rutherfordium

(261)

105DbDubnium(262)

106Sg

Seaborgium(266)

107BhBohrium(264)

108HsHassium(269)

109Mt

Meitnerium(268)

110UunUnunnilium

(271)

111UuuUnununium

(272)

112UubUnunbium

(277)

58CeCerium140.12

59Pr

Praseodymium

140.91

60Nd

Neodymium144.24

61PmPromethium

(145)

62SmSamarium150.36

63EuEuropium151.96

64GdGadolinium157.25

65TbTerbium158.93

66Dy

Dysprosium162.5

67HoHolmium164.93

68ErErbium164.26

69TmThulium168.93

70YbYtterbium173.05

71LuLutetium174.97

90ThThorium232.04

91Pa

Protactinium231.04

92U

Uranium238.03

93Np

Neptunium(237)

94Pu

Plutonium(244)

95AmAmericium

(243

96Cm

Curium(247)

97Bk

Berkelium(247)

98Cf

Californium(251)

99Es

Einsteinium(252)

100FmFermium(257)

101MdMendelevium

(258)

102NoNobelium

(259)

103Lr

Lawrencium(262)

AtomicnumberElementsymbolElementname

Averageatomicmass*

*Ifthisnumberisinparantheses, then it refers totheatomicmassofthemoststableisotope.


4 432.Whichofthefollowingelementshasanaverageatomicmassofapproximately64? F.Berylium(Be) G. Copper(Cu) H.Gadolinium(Gd) J.Zinc(Zn)

33.Allofthefollowingbelongtothesamegroup EXCEPT: A. Galium(Ga). B. Silicon(Si). C.Aluminum(Al). D.Thalium(Tl).

34.Theatomicmassofthemoststableisotopeof radon(Rn)is: F.222. G. 86. H.103. J. 85.

35. The bold line toward the right side of the peri-odictabledividesmetals(totheleftoftheline) fromnon-metals(totherightoftheline).Given thatmostchemicalcompoundsareformedbyre- actionsbetweenmetalsandnon-metals,which ofthefollowingpairswouldbemostlikelyto react? A. Titanium(Ti)andcalcium(Ca) B. Chlorine(Cl)andzinc(Zn) C.Nitrogen(N)andoxygen(O) D.Radon(Rn)andxenon(Xe)

36.Thesizeofanatomisdeterminedbyitsatomic radius, which is the distance between its nucleus and its valence electrons. On the periodic table, atomicradiusincreasesmovingdownagroup anddecreasesmovingfromlefttorightacrossa period.Whichofthefollowingelementshasthe lowestatomicradius?F.Fluorine(F) G.Barium(Ba) H.Iodine(I) J.Lithium(Li)

Passage VIII

Scientistslookatthefactorsthatmakebacteriagrowquicklyandslowlyinordertoprepareconditionsthatwillinhibitbacterialgrowth.Temperatureisoneofthevariablesthataffectthegrowthrateofbacteria.Therateofgrowthisdeterminedbyhowlongittakesforasetofbacteriatodouble,forminganewgeneration.

Bacteria type Time(inminutes)for one generation toformat10C

Time(inminutes)for one generation toformat37C



Listeria monocytogenes

98 52 5443208 10265132

Staphylococcus aureus

154 26 6158492 16523546

Escherichia coli

111 17 5132842 16512385

Thermus aquaticus

7515435 85873 943 75

Streptococcus pyogenes

1686 27 9135852 17349621

Streptococcus pneumoniae

18652 35 8732150 17594632

Pyrobacterium brockii

71398165 5570324 254310 13524


4 437.WhatapproximatelyistheoptimaltemperatureforPyrobacteriumbrockiitocompleteone generationofreproduction? A. 75B.30 C. 115D.50 38.Bacteriaareclassifiedbywhichtheiroptimal temperatureforreproduction.Whichof the following bacteria would be a correct grouping?F. Streptococcuspyogenes,Listeria monocytogenes,Pyrobacteriumbrockii G. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes H.Pyrobacteriumbrockii,Thermusaquaticus, Escherichia coliJ. Staphylococcusaureus,Listeria monocytogenes,Thermusaquaticus

39. Which of the following would be a good strategy toinhibitthegrowthofEscherichiacoli?A.Storeitat10CB.Storeitat50CC.Storeitat25C D. Store it at 37 C

40.WhatistheoptimaltemperatureforthegrowthofListeriamonocytogenes?F. 75CG.50CH.10C J. 37 C

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4 ACT Science Homework 4 Science 1, Set 1 35 Minutes — 40 ...students.studypoint.com/ACTv4/pdfs/QuestionSheet/7.1v4.pdf · 17 3.1 years 1.4 years 2 years 62.0 Starts to reproduce