60
© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved. 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention Moist Wound Healing Management Dudung Jafar Sidik, CWCC Professional Service, Skin & Wound Care Division

3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

3M Health Care Business

Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention Moist Wound Healing Management

Dudung Jafar Sidik, CWCC Professional Service, Skin & Wound Care Division

Page 2: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

2

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Pengertian Luka:

� Suatu gangguan dari kondisi normal pada kulit (Taylor, 1997).

� A break in the skin or other body tissues caused by injury or surgical incision/cut (National Cancer Institute)

� Kerusakan kontinyuitas kulit, mukosa membran dan tulang atau organ tubuh lain (Kozier, 1995).

Luka adalah terputusnya kontinuitas suatu jaringan oleh karena adanya cedera /

pembedahan

Page 3: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

3

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Menurut waktu penyembuhan :

Luka Akut:

� Masa penyembuhan sesuai dengan konsep penyembuhanyang telah disepakati.

� Misalnya: luka Trauma, operasi (bersih)

Luka kronis:

� Mengalami kegagalan dalam proses penyembuhan, dapatkarena faktor eksogen dan endogen (vascular compromise, chronic inflammation, or repetitive insults to the tissue)

� Tidak sembuh lebih dari 3 bulan

� Decubitus, Gangren dan Vena ulcer

(Mustoe:2006, Moreo:2005)

Page 4: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

4

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Luka Bakar???

Page 5: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

5

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Penanganan Luka Bakar

Pemberian Cairan:

� Total cairan = 4cc x berat badan x luas luka bakar

� Rumus Baxter: Berikan 50% dari total cairan dalam 8 jam pertama, dan sisanya dalam 16 jam berikutnya

Penanganan Luka

Page 6: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

6

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Wound Care Outcome

Luka Kronik

� Decubitus

� Vascular Ulcer

� Diabetic Ulcer

ILO/SSI Tidak terjadi

� Safety (Produk&SOP)

� Moist wound

healing

� Cost

Effectiveness

Meminimalkan efeksamping

# amputasi

Luka Akut

� Post operasi

� Kecelakaan

Page 7: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

7

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Mekanisme Terjadinya Luka :

� Luka insisi (Incised wounds) Terjadi karena teriris oleh instrumen yang tajam/pembedahan.

� Luka memar (Contusion Wound) Terjadi akibat benturan oleh suatu tekanan dan dikarakteristikkan oleh cedera pada jaringanlunak, perdarahan dan bengkak.

� Luka lecet (Abraded Wound),Terjadi akibat kulit bergesekan dengan benda lain yang biasanya dengan benda yang tidaktajam.

� Luka tusuk (Punctured Wound) Terjadi akibat adanya benda, seperti peluru atau pisau yang masuk kedalam kulit dengandiameter yang kecil.

� Luka tembus (Penetrating Wound) Luka yang menembus organ tubuh biasanya pada bagian awal luka masuk diameternya keciltetapi pada bagian ujung biasanya lukanya akan melebar.

� Luka gores (Lacerated Wound) Terjadi akibat benda yang tajam seperti oleh kaca atau oleh kawat.

� Luka Bakar (Combustio)

Page 8: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

8

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Skin: Structure

� Epidermis� Multilayered squamous epithelium (five layers)

� Thin, avascular and waterproof

� Resident skin flora

� Dermis� Complex network of connective tissue

� Structural support

� Vascular, nerve and lymphatic supply

� Sebum (lipids), sweat (thermoregulation)

� Subcutaneous tissue� Water and fat storage

� Insulator and mechanical shock absorber

� Muscle� Composed of contractile cells or fibers which results to

movement of an organ or part of the body

� Peritoneum� Membrane covering the internal organs and lining the

abdominal cavity

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous

Muscle

Page 9: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

9

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Prinsip Perawatan Luka

LUKA BASAH

LUKA KERING

MOIST

Autolysis agent + Transparent

semi permeable

Transparent Dressing with or without adherent Pad

Slough, Kuning Hijau Granulasi, Epitelisasi Nekrotik Hitam

Autolysis agent + Transparent

semi permeable

Page 10: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

10

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Perawatan Luka

Acute

� Post Operasi

� Mempertahankan aseptic technique

� Antiseptic??

Chronic

� Manajemen Cairan / exudate

� Manajement jaringan necrotik

� Supporting new tissue growth

Page 11: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

11

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Luka Kronik

Asesment/pengkajianmenentukan kpnpenyembuhanPersentasi jaringan(merah, kuning, hitam), kedalaman, posisi goadan exudate

PencucianSabun cair dan air rebusan daun jambu(kesat)

Nekrotomipertumbuhan jaringanbarua. Banyak: metode tajamb. Autolisis agent

Tentukan regimen dressing melindungiHydrogel, hydrocoloid, spon, antimicrobial (silver), transparan dressing

Menutup luka

Page 12: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

12

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Chronic Wound Care Overview

� Pressure Ulcer

� Diabetic Ulcer

� Vascular Ulcer

Page 13: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

13

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Pressure Ulcer

Etilogi:

Tekanan pada pembuluh darah > tekanan alirah darah dlm pembuluh

� shear

� friction forces

� Moisture

� duration of pressure.

� intensity of pressure.

� ability of tissue to tolerate pressure (tissue tolerance)

Page 14: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

14

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Comonly body parts presured

Page 15: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

15

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Berdasarkan kedalaman:

1. Stadium I (Superfisial /Non-Blanching Erithema) : Lapisan epidermis kulit

2. Stadium II (Partial Thickness): Lapisan epidermis + bagian atas dari dermis. Seperti abrasi, blister atau lubang yang dangkal.

3. Stadium III (Full Thickness): Lapisan epidermis + dermis (tidak mengenai otot).

4. Stadium IV (Full Thickness)Telah mencapai lapisan otot, tendon dan tulang dengan adanyadestruksi/kerusakan yang luas.

Page 16: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

16

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Wound Stage

Lapisan Epidermis Lapisan Epidermis + Dermis atas

Lapisan Epidermis + Dermis

Lapisan Epidermis + Dermis+otot+tulang

Page 17: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

17

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Contoh Kasus

Goa, lokasi? Kedalaman?

Page 18: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

18

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Contoh kasus

� Dressing yang diperlukan

Merah = ± 25% Kuning = ± 70% Hitam = 5%

Primer:Nekrotomi = HydrogelPenyerap exudate = alginate / alginate with silver

Secondary Transparent Dressing

� Tentukan Prosentase

� Cuci Luka

Sabun Cair + air rebusan jambubiji (kesat)

Page 19: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

19

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Tentukan jenis dressing

Page 20: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

20

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Vascular / Leg Ulcer

Venous Ulcer: vein valvular incompetence and causing reflux (reverse flow) of blood.

Arterial ulcers are the result of reduced blood flow to the legs. The most common cause of this is atherosclerosis.

Mix

Page 21: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

21

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Venous Ulcer

False4 Layers Bandages3 Layers BandagesNo BandageBandage layer

Possible Calcified Vessel

Venous UlcerMixedArterial Venous Ulcer

Arterial UlcerType of wound

> 1.2> 0.90.7 – 0.80.5 – 0.7< 0.5Score Index

� 3M Cast padding or orthopedic wool

� Crepe bandage,

� Elastic bandage and

� Coban or Cohesive bandage.

� Perawatan Luka – Dressing

� Kompresi: 4 layers bandages

Page 22: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

22

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Pengukuran score Index

Pengukuran tek didorsalis pedis

Pemasangan lapisanterakhir: adhesive bandage 3MCoban

Page 23: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

23

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Cancer Wound???

• Tujuan: Palliative Therapy

Manajemen Exudate

Dapat menjalankan aktivitas (Maj. Bau)

Page 24: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

24

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Page 25: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

25

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Compiled From: SHEA, APIC, CDC Recommendations Guidelines, 1999

Impact of Surgical Site Infections/SSIFrequent

� An Estimated 2.6 Percent of Nearly 30 Million Operations Are Complicated by Surgical Site Infections (SSI’s) Each Year.

� Infection Rates, up to 11 Percent, Are Reported for Certain Types of Operations.

Costly

� SSI’s Cost U.S. Hospitals in Excess of $1.5 Billion Annually

Potentially Deadly

� Direct Cause of 20,000 Deaths Annually

� Contribute to Additional 70,000 Death

Preventable

� 40 percent to 60 percent of SSI’s are preventable

Page 26: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

26

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

� SSIs occur in 2%-5% of patients undergoing inpatient surgery in the US.

� Approximately 500,000 SSIs occur each year.

� Each SSI is associated to ~7-10 additional post-operative hospital days.

� Patients with an SSI have a 2-11 times higher risk of death, compared with operative patients without an SSI.

� 2001, CDC: 500.000 kasus SSI dan meninggal langsungdihubungkan dengan SSI sebanyak 10. 000

� SSI are believed to account for up to $10 billion annually in healthcare expenditures.

SHEA/IDSA Practice Recommendation. Strategies to Prevent SSI in Acute Care Hospitals, Oct. 2008

Impact of SSI

Page 27: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

27

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

HAIs in Indonesia

Perdalin Jaya dan RS Sulianti Saroso di 11 rumah sakit di Jakarta pada 2003, Suara Karya On Line, 2009.

IADP / CR-BSI 26,4 %

ISK 15,1 %

VAP 24,5 %

SSI/ILO 32,1%

Page 28: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

28

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Konsep Pelayanan Kesehatan

Terdiri dari 6 aspek

� Safety

� Effectiveness

� Timeliness

� Efficiency

� Equity

� Patient awareness.

IOM (1999) dan National Health Service

Page 29: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

29

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

� Mengkoordinasikan dengan bagian manajemen resiko dalam investigasi pasien yang klaim dengan infeksi nosokomial.

� Sebagai penghubung antara staf keperawatan, dokter dan petugas kesehatan lainnya yang berhubungan dengan pengendalian infeksi

� Mengajukan kebutuhan peralatan dalam usaha pengendalianinfeksi nosokomial kepada bagian administrasi dan komitepengendalian infeksi nosokomial.

5.Management and communication

Job Analysis ICP (Infection Control Professional)

Page 30: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

30

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Definisi dan Klasifikasi SSI

� Denifinisi:

a. infeksi pada luka operasi / organ/ruang yang terjadidalam 30 hari paska operasi

b. Apabila terdapat implant Dalam kurun 1 tahun.

� Sumber bakteri pada ILO dapat berasal dari: a. Pasienb. Dokter & Team c. Lingkungan (termasuk instrumentasi).

The National Nosocomial Surveillance Infection (NNIS)

Page 31: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

31

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Faktor Resiko SSI

Usia Perokok Obesitas

DiabetesPenyakit / infeksiLamanya Operasi

Page 32: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

32

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

SKIN

SUBCUTANEOUS

TISSUE

DEEP SOFT TISSUE

(FASCIA &MUSCLE)

ORGAN

Superficial Incisional SSI

Deep IncisionalSSI

Organ /Space SSI

Superficial Incisional SSI

KlasifikasiKlasifikasi Surgical Site Infection (SSI)Surgical Site Infection (SSI)

Page 33: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

33

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Klasifikasi SSI/ILO

Superficial Deep Space/organ

� Ditemukan kumandari cairan atautanda dari jaringansuperfisial

� Terdapat minimal satu dari tanda-tanda inflammasi

� Dehidensi dari fasiaatau dibebaskanoleh ahli bedahkarena ada tandainflammasi.

� Ditemukannyaadanya abses padareoperasi, PA atauradiologis.

� Keluar cairanpurulen dari drain organ dalam

� Ditemukan abses

� Didapat isolasibakteri dari organ dalam

Dinyatakan oleh dokter yang merawat

Page 34: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

34

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Prinsip Pencegahan ILO:

Dilakukan pada tahap pra, intra dan post operatif :

1. Mengurangi resiko infeksi dari pasien.

2. Mencegah transmisi mo (petugas, lingkungan, instrument & pasien)

Page 35: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

35

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Faktor terjadinya SSI

� Pre operasi:

a. Persiapan pasien (infeksi,diabet, merokok, etc)

b. Mandi/Cukur

c. AB profilaksis 30 menit sebelum insisi

d. Surgical Scrub

e. Skin antiseptic dan incise drape

� Intra Operasi

a. Persyaratan kamar bedah, instrument

b. Lamanya Operasi

� Post Operasi:

Perawatan luka (aseptik)

Page 36: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

36

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

BAGAIMANA MELAKUKAN

PERAWATAN LUKA UNTUK

MENCEGAHAN SSI ?

Page 37: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

37

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Patient’s skin

Theater personnel

Instruments

Adjacent area Floor

Ventilation

Wound

Theater air

Body, incisionand wound drapes

Watertightclothing

Gloves

Clothing

Masks

Mouthhands

Body

Sumber Kontaminasi Luka

Courtesy of Dr. Patrick Parks, 3M St. Paul

Wound Care

Page 38: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

38

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

� Mandikan pasien dengan zat antiseptik malam hari sebelum hari operasi (Kategori II)

� Cuci dan bersihkan lokasi pembedahan dan sekitarnya untuk menghilangkan kontaminasi sebelum mengadakan persiapan kulit dengan anti septik (Kategori II)

Mandi & Kebersihan Daerah Operasi

Pencegahan Infeksi Luka Operasi ( Rekomendasi CDC 1999)

Page 39: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

39

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Wound Closure: Metode Penutupan Luka

Suture dan staples

� Invasive – increased physical and tissue trauma during placement and removal

� High probability of infection

� Causes undesirable cosmetic pattern on the skin

Page 40: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

40

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Benefits

Lower potential for infection

� Non-invasive ( does not produce pathway for pathogens to follow after in place)

� Decrease incidence of tissue inflammatory response

• Skin Closure tape are made from hypoallergenic latex-free material

• Non-invasive placement (surrounding tissue is not punctured)

• No foreign body under the skin

• No tissue trauma on removal (sutures and staples may disrupt or tear the healing tissue of the wound)

• Can be removed, reapplied during healing process without causing tissue trauma

Four days later, taped wounds displayed the least infection followed by stapled wounds and the sutured wounds.(Lennihan R. and Mackereth M. “A comparison of staples and nylon slosure in varicose vein surgery” Vascular Surgery 9:200, 1975).

Page 41: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

41

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Plester pengganti benang jahitan

� Penutupan luka bersih, misalnya luka post op.

� Penutupan luka dengan infeksi dimanakeadaan infeksi sudah teratasi

� Luka tanpa disertai edema (bengkak)/tarikan

� Setelah penggunaan jahitan di bagian dalam

� Dapat juga digunakan bersama benang jahitan

Page 42: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

42

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Page 43: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

43

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Dressing

KERUSAKAN JARINGAN /

KULIT

DRESSING

Page 44: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

44

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Perawatan Insisi Setelah Operasi :

� Lindungi dengan dressing steril selama24-48 jam pasca operasi

� Cuci tangan sebelum dan Setelahmengganti dressing dan gunakan tekniksteril

� Pertahankan kelembaban luka: pilihdressing yang tepat

� Tidak ada rekomendasi mengenai perlunya menutup luka operasi yang sudah dijahit lebih dari 48 jam ataupun kapan waktu yang tepat untuk mulai di perbolehkan mandi dengan luka tanpa tutup

CDC Guidelines for Prevention of SSI, 1999.

Page 45: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

45

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

6 LANGKAH MELAKUKAN HAND RUB

Page 46: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

46

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Syarat Dressing Ideal

Dapat mempertahankankondisi moist lembab

Bryant R. and Nix D. Acute and Chronic Wound Current Management Concepts, 3rd Edition, 2007

Dapat mencegahmasuknyamikroorganisme

Tidak merusakjaringan yang barutumbuh danmenimbukan rasa sakit pada saatdilepas.

Page 47: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

47

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

1. Mencegah Masuknya MO: Gunakan Semi-occlusivedressingsa. Reduce wound infections by more than 50% compared gauze

Joseph Lister (1827-1912) mengemukakan teori

mengenai infeksi yang disebabkan oleh adanya

kontaminan pada luka terbuka.

b. Cost-effective if used appropriately.

� Tujuan Program PPI

*Hutchinson J. Prevalence of wound infection under occlusive dressings, a collective survey of reported research, Wounds 1:123, 1989)

Page 48: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

48

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

� HemostasisPhase

� InflammationPhase

� Proliferation Phase

� Remodeling Phase

Type of Cells involved

Platelets

NeutrophilsMacrophages

MacrophagesKeratinocytes

Endothelial cellsFibroblasts

Fibroblasts

Injury HoursHours DaysDays WeeksWeeks YearsYears

2. Tidak merusak sel jaringan baru

Page 49: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

49

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Kasa menyebabkan rekat pada permukaan lukaPasien sakit dan mengganggu penyembuhan

Fibers stick on the wound

Page 50: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

50

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

G. Winter’s publication – 1962

3. Mempertahankan Kelembaban Luka

Hinman C. and Maibach H. Efect of air exposure and cclusion on experimental human skin wounds. Nature 200, 377-378 (Oct. 26, 1963)

Moist Moist

Wound Healing Wound Healing MacerationMacerationDesiccationDesiccation

Page 51: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

51

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Dry vs. Moist Wound Healing

� Cells move below the wound bed to find a moist area

� Formation of a dry, firmly adhering scab

� Repair process takes place under a protective scab.

� Firm crust of coagulated blood is the body’s own wound cover protecting the wound against external contaminants.

Kasa dan Plester

DRY WOUND HEALING

Semi Occlusive Dressing

MOIST WOUND HEALING

� Cell can grow, divide and migrate at an increased rate to optimize the formation of new tissue

� Epithelial cells require moisture to move from the wound edges to re-epithelialize or close the wound

� Wound exudate serves as a transport medium for:

� Enzymes, growth factors and hormones

Page 52: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

52

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Dressing harus mempunyai sifatSemipermeable

Klasifikasi Dressing

� Transparent Adhesive Film

� Kain Plester lebar dengan bantalan

� Transparan Adhesive Film denganbantalan

O2

1. Dapat menahan masuknya MO

2. Memungkinkan O2 masuk

Page 53: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

53

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Terapi Hyperbaric

Page 54: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

54

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Dressing Selection for Wound Solution

Luka Bersih / post op tanpaexudate/cairan

Luka Bersih / post op

dengan sedikitsisa cairan

Luka kotor / post op banyakexudat / cairan

Transparan tanpa pad Transparan dengan pad Kain lebar dg Pad

Page 55: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

55

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Plester kain lebar

Untuk luka yang panjang

Terbuat dari kain (polyester), pada:

a. Daerah banyak pergerakannya

b. Daerah lekukan

c. Daerah Kepala

d. Perdarahan

Page 56: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

56

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Prosedur perawatan luka post operasi

� Prinsip: mempertahankan aseptik teknik

a. Hand rub

b. Sarung tangan

� Bersihkan dengan NaCl keringkan

� Iodine?

� Sofratule?

a. Tidak lengket: tidak perlu

b. Anti microbial: sesuaikan dg SOP rumah sakit

� Tutup dengan dressing

a. Exudate banyak, mis kasus acute: Soft cloth with pad

b. Tidak ada cairan/exudate: Semi occlusive Tegaderm pad

Page 57: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

57

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Cost Analisa: Kasa+Plester VS Transparent Dressing

Persiapan

� Memotong, mengemas dan pengemas

� Mengantarkan dan mengambil ke CSSD

Pengemasan

� Tempat kasa

� Pengemas

Proses Sterilisasi;

� Air dan Listrik

Paramater jaminan sterilisasi

� External,internal dan BI

Penggantian Dressing

� Kasa diganti tiap 2 hari sekali

Page 58: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

58

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Penggunaan Plester Kain Lebar

Plester kain lebar tidakdirekomendasikan untukdipotong-potong menjadi ukuranseperti plester untuk fiksasiselang infus/alat kesehatan yang lain

Penggunaannya untuk merawatluka agar optimal dalammemfiksasi kasa sehingga dibuatukurannya lebar.

Page 59: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

59

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.

Kesimpulan:

Faktor ILO/SSI

� Hand Hygiene

� Teknik Perawatan Luka

� Jenis Transparant Dressing dapat mendukung penyebuhan lukadengan mempertahankan kondisi MOIST

Pertanyaan:

[email protected]

Page 60: 3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention · PDF file3M Health Care Business Wound Care Overview & SSI Prevention ... (Produk&SOP) Moist wound healing ... PERAWATAN

60

© 3M 2011. All Rights Reserved.