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6/20/12
1
3a - Prokaryotic Cells
What is it to be alive?
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
size
organelles (including nucleus)
DNA
ribosomes
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes: Size
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Thiomargarita namibiensis
Exceptionally large bacteria Common prokaryotic cell shapes (Fig. 11.1)
Arrangements
Bacterial flagellum/a
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Flagellar Arrangements Bacterial movement by flagella
or “swim & twiddle”
axial filaments made of endoflagella
Bacterial Archaeal
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sheath stalk
prostheca
Other bacterial structures
peptidoglycan
Wall
Cytoplasmic/ plasma/cell membrane
Mycolic acid
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Why organisms make cells walls
Cytoplasmic/plasma/cell membrane
hopanoids Nitrosomonas: folded membrane for respiration
Rhodospirillum: folded membrane for photosynthesis
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Maintaining a charge difference
Passive
aquaporins
Tonicity Active Transport
Group Translocation