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mohammed-mahdi
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8/17/2019 380KV Contingency Scan
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The Turkish Grid have many transmission lines with 380 KV voltage level. The totalnumber of 380 KV transmission lines is 161 line. set of !ontingen!ies related tothese lines was built" this set of !ontingen!ies have 30# !ontingen!ies. fter runningthis !ontingen!y set on the Turkish $ower %ystem" the following !ontingen!ies wereinse!ure&
6' ().8*+ *,.)6 -nse!ure )/T/% 380. #3#610 #31110 68 (,.,8+ *'.3' -nse!ure )%2 380. #31110 #3#610 133 (81.0#+ #*.86 -nse!ure )K245K$- 380. )#0*11 )##010 161 (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )%/4-%/7- 380. *10010 *10#10 16# (''.,)+ *,.,, -nse!ure )4$-2 380. *10#10 *10010 163 (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )%/4-%/7- 380. *10010 *10110 16) (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )V%K 380. *10110 *10010 16* (''.,)+ *,.,, -nse!ure )4$-2 380. *10#10 *10110 166 (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )V%K 380. *10110 *10#10 16' (''.1,+ *,.,' -nse!ure )K%380 380. *1)310 *10110 168 (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )V%K 380. *10110 *1)310 1'0 ('1.#*+ *#.'# -nse!ure )/25945/ 380. *#0111 *#0010
1'1 (',.01+ *3.'3 -nse!ure )/2-:- 380. *#0110 *#0111 1'# ('1.#)+ *#.*3 -nse!ure )/25945/ 380. *#0111 *#0110 1'3 (''.1,+ *,.,' -nse!ure )K%380 380. *1)310 *#0110 1') ('8.6*+ *1.,3 -nse!ure )/2-:- 380. *#0110 *1)310 1'* (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )%/4-%/7- 380. *10010 )#0,10 1'' (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )%/4-%/7- 380. *10010 )#0*10 1', (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )%/4-%/7- 380. *10010 *#0010 18* ('8.'1+ *#.8' -nse!ure )/2-:- 380. *#0110 330310 18' ('8.03+ *,.8# -nse!ure )K4;%- 380. 61#'10 610)10 188 (',.'1+ *,.8) -nse!ure ):T-2K4 380. 610)10 61#'10 18, ('8.03+ *,.8# -nse!ure )K4;%- 380. 61#'10 61#310 1,1 (',.),+ *,.83 -nse!ure )%; 380. 6#0610 6#0#10
1,3 (',.*1+ *,.8) -nse!ure )7
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tri??ing the line they will be isolated from the network" !ausing the instability. Thesetwo generators are the se!ond biggest generators in the Turkish Grid.
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.166 0.332 0.497 0.663 0.829 -30
144
318
492
666
840
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.166 0.332 0.497 0.663 0.829 -20
150
320
490
660
830
Figure 1: System Response for Contingencies 67, and 68
Contingencies 133, and 292:
This !ontingen!y is !ausing a tri??ing of a main transmission line with a series!a?a!itor in it" the system res?onse was terminated early as shown in 9igure #" leftside. To solve this ?roblem then the a@ Generator %?eed eviation setting in T%Tis in!reased to 1 ?.u instead of 0.1 ?.u. The result system res?onse is shown in9igure #" right side. The system behavior after the fault shows an interestingse?aration between the generators" the generators !an be divided into 3 maingrou?s =or 6 grou?s>. s a result" this !ontingen!y !an be !onsidered as aninteresting !ontingen!y for more investigation.
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -13
-0
13
25
38
51
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.528 1.057 1.585 2.113 2.642 -1000
5600
12200
18800
25400
32000
Figure 2: System Response for Contingencies 133, and 292 for dierent S! setting
Contingencies 161, 162, 163, 16", 16# and 166:
The simulation was terminated at early stage dire!tly after the fault was a??lied" asshown in 9igure 3" left side. 9or solving that as mentioned before the a@ Generator%?eed deviation was in!reased to 1 ?.u instead of 0.1 ?.u. The simulation result is
8/17/2019 380KV Contingency Scan
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shown in 9igure 3" right side. 9rom 9igure 3" it !an be seen that this fault is !ausingthe three generators !onne!ted to bus =*10#10 )4$-2 380> to run out ofsyn!hronism" these generators are&*1068G/25)4$-2*106,G/25)4$-2*10'0G/25)4$-2
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.021 0.042 0.064 0.085 0.106 -13
-0
13
25
38
51
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.087 0.173 0.260 0.347 0.433 -100
700
1500
2300
3100
3900
Figure 3: System Response for Contingencies 161, 162, 163, 16", 16#, and 166
Contingencies 167, and 168:
The simulation was terminated at early stage dire!tly after the fault was a??lied" asshown in 9igure )" and 9igure * left side. 9or solving that as mentioned before thea@ Generator %?eed deviation was in!reased to 1 ?.u instead of 0.1 ?.u. Thesystem res?onded in a diAerent way for both !ontingen!ies" although both!ontingen!ies are related to the same transmission line.9or !ontingen!y 16'" the system res?onse was stable as shown in 9igure )" rightside. n the other hand" the system res?onse was unstable for !ontingen!y 168" asshown in 9igure *" right side. The generators !aused instability for !ontingen!y 168were as follows&*1068G/25)4$-2*106,G/25)4$-2*10'0G/25)4$-2*1101G/25K/2-5/2B*110#G/25K/2-5/2B*1103G/25K/2-5/2B*110)G/25K/2-5/2B*110*G/25K/2-5/2B*1106G/25K/2-5/2B
The !ontingen!y 168 !an be !onsidered as interesting in some way for our resear!h.
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -13
-0
13
25
38
51
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -40
-16
8
32
56
80
Figure ": System Response for Contingencies 167 for dierent S! setting
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -13
-0
13
25
38
51
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.207 0.415 0.622 0.830 1.037 -1000
1600
4200
6800
9400
12000
Figure #: System Response for Contingencies 168 for dierent S! setting
Contingencies 17$, 171, and 172:
This fault is !ausing a tri??ing of transmission line with a shunt indu!tan!e=#03.'Vr>. The simulation was terminated at an early stage as shown in 9igure 6"left side. 9rom 9igure 6" left side" we !an say that the system is inse!ure be!ause of1 generator running away from syn!hronism" that generator is =*#1)61 G(/2-:6.30>. n the other hand if we tried to for!e T%T to advan!e the simulation afterthat to !he!k the system res?onse at later stages by in!reasing the a@ Generator%?eed deviation to 1 ?.u instead of 0.1 ?.u." the system was se!ure as shown in9igure 6" right side.9rom the ?revious result" it !an be seen that if the simulation terminated at earlystages dire!tly after the fault" then more investigation is needed to make sure thatthe !ontingen!y under study is indeed inse!ure.
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.037 0.073 0.110 0.147 0.183 -14
3
21
38
56
73
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -30
-8
14
36
58
80
Figure 6: System Response for Contingencies 17$, 171, and 172 for dierent S! setting,%eft insecure, rig&t secure
Contingencies 173, and 17":
This fault is ha??ening in a tie line !onne!ting rea *1 and rea *#. 9or the normalsettings of T%T related to a@ Generator %?eed eviation settings as 0.1 ?.u" thesystem res?onse was inse!ure" and terminated at early stage for both !ontingen!iesas shown in 9igure '. ;ut if this setting was in!reased to 1 ?.u" then the systemres?onse was se!ure" as shown in 9igure 8C
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -13
-0
13
25
38
51
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.041 0.082 0.122 0.163 0.204 -20
6
32
58
84
110
Figure 7: System Response for Contingencies 173, and 17" for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as $1 pu
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -80
-48
-16
16
48
80
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -60
-26
8
42
76
110
Figure 8: System Response for Contingencies 173, and 17" for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Contingencies 17#, 177, and 179:
These !ontingen!ies is related to tie lines !onne!ting bus =*10010 )%/4-%/7-380> in rea *1" to diAerent areas" rea )#" rea )#" and rea *# res?e!tively. Thesame s!enario is re?eating here" the system res?onse is terminated at early stage"and for that the a@ Generator %?eed eviation was in!reased to 1 ?.u. The systemres?onse for these !ontingen!ies shows that the inse!urity is !aused by threegenerators" as shown in 9igures ," 10" and 11 res?e!tively. These generators are&*1068G/25)4$-2*106,G/25)4$-2*10'0G/25)4$-2
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -1000
11800
24600
37400
50200
63000
Figure 9: System Response for Contingencies 17# for S! 'a( )enerator Speed *e+iationas 1 pu
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.099 0.198 0.297 0.397 0.496 -100
840
1780
2720
3660
4600
Figure 1$: System Response for Contingencies 177 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed *e+iationas 1 pu
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.099 0.198 0.297 0.397 0.496 -100
840
1780
2720
3660
4600
Figure 11: System Response for Contingencies 179 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed *e+iationas 1 pu
Contingency 18#:
This fault is ha??ening in a tie line !onne!ting rea *# and rea 33. 9or the normalsettings of T%T related to a@ Generator %?eed eviation settings as 0.1 ?.u" thesystem res?onse was inse!ure" and terminated at early stage for both !ontingen!iesas shown in 9igure 1#" left side. ;ut if this setting was in!reased to 1 ?.u" then thesystem res?onse was se!ure" as shown in 9igure 1#" right sideC
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.041 0.082 0.122 0.163 0.204 -20
6
32
58
84
110
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -60
-26
8
42
76
110
Figure 12: System Response for Contingencies 18# for dierent S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation setting
Contingencies 187, 188, 189, 191, 193, 19", 19#, 196, 197, 198, 213,
and 273:
9or all these !ontingen!ies the simulation terminated dire!tly at the time when thefault a??lied to the system" and T%T indi!ated all these !ontingen!ies as inse!ure.9or investigating the system res?onse after the fault a??lied" the simulation isfor!ed to be advan!ed by in!reasing the a@ Generator %?eed eviation u? to 1 ?.uinstead of 0.1 ?.u" the results are shown in 9igures 13" 1)" 1*" 16" 1'" and 18"res?e!tively. 9or all the mentioned !ontingen!ies" ) generators were !ausing theinstability" these generators are&6#031G/25)7
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -20
86
192
298
404
510
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.037 0.073 0.110 0.147 0.183 -20
168
356
544
732
920
Figure 1": System Response for Contingencies 189, and 191 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.037 0.073 0.110 0.147 0.183 -20
168
356
544
732
920
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.000 0.037 0.073 0.110 0.147 0.183 -20
168
356
544
732
920
Figure 1#: System Response for Contingencies 193, and 19" for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -20
88
196
304
412
520
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -1000
14000
29000
44000
59000
74000
Figure 16: System Response for Contingencies 19#, and 196 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -1000
13600
28200
42800
57400
72000
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -1000
13800
28600
43400
58200
73000
Figure 17: System Response for Contingencies 197, and 198 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -20
86
192
298
404
510
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -20
86
192
298
404
510
Figure 18: System Response for Contingencies 213, and 273 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Contingencies 286, 288, 291, and 3$1:
9or all these !ontingen!ies the simulation terminated dire!tly at the time when thefault a??lied to the system" and T%T indi!ated all these !ontingen!ies as inse!ure.9or investigating the system res?onse after the fault a??lied" the simulation isfor!ed to be advan!ed by in!reasing the a@ Generator %?eed eviation u? to 1 ?.uinstead of 0.1 ?.u" the results are shown in 9igures 1," and #0" res?e!tively. Thesystem res?onse was se!ure for all the !ontingen!ies.
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Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -90
-54
-18
18
54
90
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -90
-54
-18
18
54
90
Figure 19: System Response for Contingencies 286, and 288 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -30
-6
18
42
66
90
Generator angle (degrees)
Time (sec)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 -90
-54
-18
18
54
90
Figure 2$: System Response for Contingencies 291, and 3$1 for S! 'a( )enerator Speed*e+iation as 1 pu
Conc%usion
9rom the ?revious results" it !an be said that for all the 380 KV transmission lines"only three !ontingen!ies !an be !onsidered as !riti!al" and it needs moreinvestigations and studies on them. These !ontingen!ies are as follows&133 (81.0#+ #*.86 -nse!ure )K245K$- 380. )#0*11 )##010168 (''.,)+ *,.,8 -nse!ure )V%K 380. *10110 *1)310#,# (81.0#+ #*.86 -nse!ure )K245K$- 380. )#0*11 )#0*10
nother thing to be noti!ed is that for any !ontingen!y that is terminated at earlystage from its simulation" it needs more investigations on it. 9or T%T simulation?rogram" the a@ Generator %?eed eviation setting should be in!reased beyond itsdefault value of 0.1 ?.u to !he!k the se!urity of ea!h of these !ontingen!ies that areterminating in early stage of the simulation.
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