Methods: Cases were tendinitis with paratenonitis, retrocalcaneal bur-sitis, tendinosis (tendinopathy), enthesopathy, various stages of Achil-les tendon tear and plantaris tendon tear.Results: Demonstration of sonographic and color Doppler findings ofthe above conditions.Conclusions: Sonography is very useful in the diagnosis and follow upin patients with posterior ankle pain.

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Sonographic evaluation of injury to the lateral collateralligaments of the ankleZoumpoulis PS, Delimpasis G, Plagou A, Bechrakis I, ChatzimihailC, Ioannou I, Pahos K, Echonet: the Ultrasound Networkwww.echonet.gr, Greece

Objectives: Our aim is to demonstrate the usefulness of ultrasound indiagnosis or ankle lateral collateral ligament rupture of sprain.Methods: Six different cases of ankle injuries are presented along withcross related MR images. A high frequency (9 MHz) transducer wasused as well as a 1.5 T MR scanner.Results: In all patients ultrasound managed to show the damage to theligament as well as any concomitant tendon injury and the presence ofintra-articular fluid.Conclusions: Ultrasound is a useful tool in evaluating ankle lateralcollateral ligament acute injury, thus improving patient management.

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Imaging findings of fetal neoplasms and mimickersCho JY, Lee Y-H, Song MJ, Min JY, Moon MH, Kim JA, Jung SI,Kim MY, Chun YK, Samsung Cheil Hospital, SungkyukwanUniversity School of Medicine, Korea

A variety of neoplasms can develop during the fetal life. Some showspecific US findings suggesting the differential diagnosis, but the othersdo not. There are many lesions mimicking fetal neoplasms. Intracranialhemorrhage usually mimics brain tumor such as glioblastoma andteratoma. Sometimes abundant soft tissue of fetal neck mimics cervicallymphangioma. Small bowel obstruction, multicystic dysplastic kidneyand hemorrhagic ovarian cyst can look similar with abdominal lym-phangioma. Ovarian cyst and mesenteric cyst usually cannot be distin-guished from each other. Pseudocyst of meconium peritonitis mimicsabdominal teratoma. Mesoblastic nephroma sometimes look similarwith autosomal recessive polycystic kidney. Subdiaphragmatic pulmo-nary sequestration should be distinguished with neuroblastoma. It isvery important to distinguish cystic sacrococcygeal teratoma withmeningomyelocele. Bladder exstrophy may mimic a solid sacrococcy-geal teratoma. The purpose of this study is to present and compare theimage findings of fetal neoplasms and their mimicking lesions.

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Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) syndromeIsmail A, Ahmad S, Yassin MAJ, Razi ZRM, University KebangsaanMalaysia, Malaysia

A 33 year-old gravida three woman was presented at 19 weeks forbooking and a normal-looking fetus was seen coexisting with a mass inthe uterine cavity. Initial diagnosis of fibroid in pregnancy was made.Follow-up at 31 weeks of gestation showed the mass was not a fibroidwith demonstrable blood flow towards the mass using colour Doppler.A diagnosis of TRAP syndrome was made. Weekly follow-up showedthe existing fetus was growing well and not hydropic. The acardiactwin was still growing. She had an elective Caesarean section at 36weeks gestation. A healthy baby boy was delivered .The acardiac twinwas attached to the monochorionic placenta with a velamentous inser-

tion of the umbilical cord. It is difficult to diagnose a TRAP syndromebecause it is rare.

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Three-dimensional ultrasound estimation of fetal renal volumesin the second and third trimestersBenzie R, Fauchon D, Mein B, Albalooshi S, Thavaravy R,Department Perinatal Ultrasound, Australia

Objectives: To measure the fetal renal volumes in singleton pregnan-cies between 17 and 41 weeks.Methods: A three-dimensional volume sweep of both fetal kidneys inthe transverse plane was performed using the VOCAL mode on the 3Dultrasound Voluson 730 Expert (GE Medical Systems) machine. Eachkidney was measured three times by two separate investigators, blindedto the others results.Results: In 251 cases studied, the inter-observer reliability, tested usingCronbach’s alpha, a coefficient of reliability, was 0.71, indicating highreliability. The mean gestational age was 29.2 weeks. Nomograms ofthe mean right and left fetal renal volumes compared to gestational ageare provided. A positive and strong association was revealed in bothinstances. For the right kidney, the fifth and ninety-fifth centiles were1.22 cc and 20.38 cc, respectively. For the left, these were 1.30 cc and19.68 cc, respectively. Statistical analysis confirms that renal volumesare highly correlated with fetal age. Seven abnormal kidneys werefound, including four cases of pelvicalyceal dilatation, one duplex, onemulticystic and one polycystic kidney.Conclusions: Our results provide a reference for normal fetal renalvolumes between 17 and 41 weeks gestation and may have potential toidentify abnormal fetal kidneys.

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Assessment of fetal cerebellar and cerebral volume using threedimensional ultrasoundHuang X, Liu Z, Obs and Gyn Hospital affiliated with ShanghaiFudan University, China

Objectives: To assess the fetal cerebellar and cerebral volume duringnormal gestation using 3D ultrasound.Methods: Three hundred three normal singletons with well gestationalage (AG), defined gestational age (GA) were studied for the cerebellaand cerebral volume using a 3D US volume scanner and common fetalgrowth indices, such as biparietal diameter, head circumference weremeasured. Correlation analysis was calculated to determine the coeffi-cient of correlation of the fetal cerebellar volume or cerebral volumewith GA. Applying regression analysis to find the best fit regressionmodel and establish best fit equations to obtain the predicted values ofcerebellar and cerebral volume respectively using GA as the indepen-dent variable.Results: The cerebellar and cerebral volume assessed by 3D US washighly correlated with GA.Conclusions: With the 3D US, the assessment of fetal cerebellar andcerebral volume becomes feasible and reproducible. Fetal cerebellarand cerebral volume assessed by 3D US may be useful in developmentof cerebellar and cerebral, or cerebral hypoplasia and relevant syn-dromes, prenatally as well as dating GA.

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Pseudolesions in sonography of the fetal brain: Normal variantsand pitfallsRyu J, Choi M-H, Chang SY, Lee YR, Miz Medi Hospital, Korea

Familiarity with the sonographic fetal brain anatomy and artifactsrelated to the technique is essential for proper interpretation of fetal

P256 Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology Volume 32, Number 5S, 2006