3301 GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & SWITCH GEARnptc.ac.in/admin/edit/downloads/5term.pdf · 2006. 2. 7. · HVDC Power Transmission System & Technology Electrical Power System Principles

3301 GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & SWITCH GEAR

V Term ( Applied )

6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 72

Major Divisions

Unit I Generation Of Electrical Energy & Economics Of Power Generation.Unit II AC Transmission and HVDC Transmission.Unit III Line Insulators and Underground Cables.Unit IV Circuit Breakers & Protective Relays.Unit V Non Conventional Energy Sources and Energy Conservation.

UNIT I :- GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY 15 Hrs

Conventional methods of power generations – Schematic arrangement and choice of site for hydel, thermal, diesel, nuclear, gas, co – generation and wind power station – pumped storage schemes – base load and peak load plants. (Principle involved only).

Grid or interconnected system – necessity – advantages – load transfer through inter connector – load despatching centre.

Economics of power generation :- Cost of generation - capital & running cost - load factor, maximum demand,

diversity factor, load curve, load duration curve & plant factor – tariff – types & factors influencing the tariff – simple problems in cost of generation and tariff.

UNIT II:- AC TRANSMISSION & HVDC TRANSMISSION 15 Hrs

AC transmission :-Typical lay out of AC power supply scheme – influence of voltage on

conductor materials – limits of line voltage – Kelvin’s law – It’s limitations – OH lines – conductors – types of conductors – line supports – various types of supports with their applications – spacing between conductors – length of span – sag calculations for the over head lines ( using approximate formula only ) – effect of ice covering and wind over the line – calculations of sag at the time of erection – when the supports are at equal level and at unequal level – problems – various precautions to be taken while installing alluminium conductor lines – vibration damper and it’s purpose – effect of line capacitance and inductance in transmission lines – transposition of transmission lines – skin effect – ferranti effect – short transmission lines – line regulation & efficiency – power factor improvement using static capacitor – advantages.

HVDC transmission :-

High voltage DC transmission – HVDC projects in INDIA and abroad – advantages and disadvantages of HVDC transmission – basics of protection of HVDC system.

UNIT III:- LINE INSULATORS AND UNDERGROUND 14Hrs

Line Insulators :-Purpose and requirement of line insulators – material for insulators – pin,

suspension, strain, stray and shackle insulators – failure of insulator – testing of insulators – voltage distribution over a string of suspension insulators – string efficiency – equalization of potential across each unit – corona and it’s effect ( problems in voltage distribution over a string of insulators )

Underground cables :-Advantages of cables – classification of cables – Requirement of cable

construction – belted cable – oil filled cables – advantages and disadvantages of oil filled cables – laying of cables – grading of cables ( no derivation and no problems ) – specifications of cables.

UNIT IV :- CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND PROTECTIVE RELAYS 14 Hrs

Circuit Breakers :-Definitions – function and principle of working – arc phenomenon –

definition of terms – recovery voltage – restriking voltage – rate of rise of restriking voltage – capacitive current – breaking current – resistance switching – making capacity – breaking capacity – short time rating – classification – construction, working, merits and demerits of air blast circuit breakers( cross and axial blast ), bulk oil circuit breakers( plain break controlled blast with cross jet explosion ) – oil minimum circuit breaker – SF6

and vacuum circuit breakers – tests on circuit breakers – maintenance schedule for circuit breakers.

Protective relays :-Necessity – principle of working – functions – requirement of relays –

types of protection and classification – construction – principle of operation – connections and applications of induction type over current relay, earth leakage relay, distance relay, direction relay, differential relay and reverse power relay.

UNIT V :- NON - CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES AND

ENERGY CONSERVATION

14 Hrs

Solar – wind – geo thermal - ocean – tidal energy sources – basic principles only.

Introduction to energy conservation – need for conservation – strategies for loss reduction – measures in transmission and distribution, industries, agriculture sectors and

homes – principles of energy accounting and auditing – economics – principle of energy management.

Reference Books :

Sl.No. Name of the Book Author Publisher

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

A Course in Electrical Power

Electrical Power

A Course in Electrical Power

HVDC Power Transmission System & Technology

Electrical Power System

Principles of Power Systems

Electrical Power System Planning

1. Soni2. Gupta 3. Bhatnagar

S.L. Uppal

J.P. Gupta.

KR. Padiyar.

CL. Wadhawa.

VK. Mehta.

A.S.Pabla (Unit V)

Dhanpath Rai & Co (P) Ltd., New Delhi

Khanna Publishers, New Delhi

Katson Publishing House, New Delhi

New Age International New Delhi

New Age International New Delhi

S.Chand & Co., New Delhi

McMillan India Ltd., New Delhi

3302 ANALOG AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

V Term( Applied )


Major Divisions:

Unit I Operational Amplifier And Timer.Unit II Switching Algebra And Logic Gates.Unit III Digital Counters.Unit IV Memories, Digital Arithmetic And Display Circuits.Unit V A/D Converters.

Unit I OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AND TIMER 12 Hrs

Introduction – Block diagram - Definitions such as Input off set voltage, Input off set current, Input bias current, Differential Input resistance, Input capacitance - Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) – Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio (SVRR) Large signal voltage gain, current gain, slew rate, output resistance.

Ideal Op-Amp characteristics - Equivalent Circuit of an Op-Amp. Op-Amp Applications - Differential amplifier – The inverting amplifier – The non inverting amplifier – Summer – Scale changer - Instrumentation amplifier – Precision rectifier - Clipper and Clamper (Positive and Negative Clippers, Positive and Negative Clampers) Low Pass and High Pass filters – Comparators – Schimit – Trigger, Peak detector – Zero cross detector. 555 Timer - The 555 as a monostable multivibrator, and as astable multivibrator .

UNIT II – SWITCHING ALGEBRA AND LOGIC GATES 12 Hrs

Review of Number system – Boolean algebra – Basic laws and DeMorgan’s theorem – Logic gates - Positive logic – Negative logic. Symbolic representation and truth table for logic gates – OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR and INHIBIT.

Realisation of AND OR NOT gates using universal gates (NAND and NOR combinational logic gates) – Simplification of logic function using Karnaugh’s map (simple problem upto four variables) Synthesizing simple logic gate circuits using AND, OR, NOT gates.

Digital families – Digital IC characteristics of TTL, ECL, I2L, CMOS technologies – precautions in handling CMOS ICs – their basic circuits – Fan in – Fan out - Propagation delay – Sequential logic circuits – Flip Flops – RS Flip Flop, D, T, JK Master slave Flip Flops – Edge triggered Flip Flops.

UNIT III – DIGITAL COUNTERS 12hrs

Counters (Circuits, state and timing diagram) Asynchronous counters – Ripple counters, divide by N counter - one digit BCD counter , 4 bit binary up, down, up/down counters, synchronous counters, Modulo 5, modulo 7, decade counter - Ring counters, decoders, encoders, multiplexer and demultiplexers – tristate buffer and bi-directional buffer – 4 bits shift registers – serial in serial out, serial in parallel out, parallel in parallel out and parallel in serial out – IC’s used for the above (Number only).

UNIT IV MEMORIES,DIGITAL ARITHMETIC AND DISPLAY SPACE CIRCUITS 12 Hrs Memories – Addressing, Read, Write, and Read Only operations, organization of memory cells – ROM, RAM, EPROM, EEPROM – Charge Coupled Devices - tri-state devices – Volatile and Non – Volatile, Static and Dynamic RAMs - refreshing a dynamic RAM.

1s complement – 2s complement – Addition – Signed binary numbers – Arithmetic circuits – Half adder – Full adder – Half subtractor – Full subtractors – Tri-state devices serial and parallel adders.

Binary multiplexers – Parity generators and checkers – Code converters –Binary to BCD, BCD to Seven segment.

LED and drive circuits (Transistor and IC ) seven segment displays – Display circuits – Latched display – Multiplexed display.

UNIT V – A/D CONVERTERS 12Hrs

Analog to digital Conversion – Necessity – Sampling – Sample and hold circuit using LF 398A – Acquisition time, aperture time – Quantization - AD Converters – Different conversion techniques – Simultaneous, Ramp, successive approximation Dual slope AD converters. D/A converters Basic concepts – Summing Amplifier type D/A converter. R/2R ladder network circuit. A/D and D/A converters specification.

Reference Books:


1

2

Integrated Circuits

Modern digital Electronics

K.R.Botkar

R. P. Jain

Khannna Publishers, New Delhi

Tata McGrow Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi.

3

4

5

6

Digital Computer Electronics

Digital integrated Electronics

Integrated Electronics

Digital Electronic Circuits and Systems

Albert Paul Malvino

Herbert taub – Donald Schilling

Millman and Halkias

V. K. Puri


McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi



3401 A - CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES

V Term (Diversified )


Major Divisions

Unit I : Control Circuit Components

Unit II : Dc Motor Control CircuitsUnit III : Ac Motor Control CircuitsUnit IV : Industrial Control CircuitsUnit V : Programmable Logic Controller

UNIT I: CONTROL CIRCUIT COMPONENTS 14 Hrs

Switches – Push button, selector, drum, limit, pressure, temperature (Thermostat), float, zero speed and Proximity switches.

Relays – Voltage relay, dc series current relay, frequency response relay, latching relay and phase failure relay (single phasing preventer).

Over current relay – Bimetallic thermal over load relay and Magnetic dash pot oil filled relay.

Timer – Thermal, Pneumatic and Electronic Timer.Solenoid Valve, Solenoid type contactor (Air Break Contactor), Solid State Relay, Simple ON-OFF motor control circuit, Remote control operation and interlocking of drives.

UNIT II: DC MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUITS 14 Hrs

Current limit acceleration starters – Series relay and counter emf starters - Definite Time acceleration starters – Field failure protection circuit – field acceleration protection circuit – field deceleration circuit.

Jogging control, dynamic braking control, reversing control and plugging control circuits.

Speed control using diac&SCR,UJT&SCR.

UNIT III: AC MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUITS 15 Hrs

Motor current at start and during acceleration – No load speed and final speed of motor – DOL starter – Automatic auto transformer starter (open circuit and closed circuit transition) – Star/Delta starter (semi automatic and automatic) – Starter for two speed, two winding motor – Reversing the direction of rotation of induction motor – Plug stopping of the motor – Dynamic braking – Three step rotor resistance starter for wound induction motor – Secondary frequency acceleration starter.

UNIT IV: INDUSTRIAL CONTROL CIRCUITS 14 Hrs

Planner machine – Contactor control circuit – Logic control circuit – Skip hoist control – Automatic control of a water pump – Control of electric oven – Control of air compressor – Control of over head crane – Control of conveyor system – Control of elevator – Trouble spots in control circuits – General procedure for trouble shooting.

UNIT V: PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER 15 Hrs

PLC –Definition – Requirements of PLC – Advantages over relay logic – components of PLC – Programming the PLC – Program loader – How the PLC operates – Additional capabilities of PLC – Ladder logic diagram – Symbols for common logic and sequence components in a ladder diagram – Ladder logic diagram for DOL starter, star/delta starter and fluid filling operation – Typical low level language instruction set for a PLC – Input module (schematic and wiring diagram) – Output module(schematic and wiring diagram) – PLC scan.

Reference Books :


1

2

Control of Electrical Machines

Automation, Production System And Computer-Integrated Manufacturing

S.K. Bhattacharya

Mikell P. Groover

New Age International Publishers New Delhi.

Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi

3401 B - PROGRAMMING IN “C” & APPLICATIONS



Major Divisions:

Unit I : Over View of C (Review).Unit II : Decision Making, Branching, Looping And Arrays.Unit III : Character Strings And Functions.Unit IV : Pointers.Unit V : File Management.

UNIT I – OVER VIEW OF C (REVIEW) 14 Hrs

Keywords, Constants, Variables and Datatypes:

Character Set – Constants – Integer Constants – Character Constants – String Constants; Variables – Declaration of Variables; Assigning value to Variables.

Operations and Expressions:

Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment, Increment, Decrement, Conditional, Bitwise Operator, Arithmetic Expressions, Evaluation of Expression.

I/O Statements:

Printf() and Scanf() functions (Unformat and formatted), getchar() and putchar() functions.

Functions:

Predefined functions – isdigit, isupper, islower and ispunct functions in header file<ctype.h> ; cos, tan, exp, ceil, floor, abs, pow and sqrt functions in header file <math.h>; Strlen, strcpy, strcmp and strcat in header file <string.h>.

UNIT II – DECISION MAKING, BRANCHING AND LOOPING AND ARRAYS 14 Hrs

Introduction:Simple if statement.

Decision Making & Branching:The if…else statement; Nesting of if…else statement; else…if ladder; switch

case statement; goto statement.

Looping:While statement; do…while statement; for statement, break & continue

statement.

Arrays:One Dimensional Arrays; Two Dimensional Arrays – Initializing One dimensional

& Two-Dimensional Arrays; Multidimensional Arrays.

UNIT III – CHARACTER STRING AND FUNCTIONS 15 Hrs

Character Strings:

Introduction – declaring & initializing string variables; Reading Strings; Writing Strings; Comparison of two Strings; String handling functions; User defined functions.

Functions:

Function – declaration, function – definition, function call, passing arguments, returning values, return statement.

Structures & Unions:Structure definition; Structure Initialization; Arrays of Structures; Structures within

structures; Unions.

UNIT IV – POINTERS 14 Hrs Macro Substitution; File Inclusion; Compiler Controlled Directives.

Pointers:Understanding Pointers: Accessing the address of Variables; Declaring and

Initializing Pointers; Accessing a variable through its pointer; Pointer Expressions; Pointer Increments; Pointers and Arrays; Pointer and character Strings; Pointer and functions; Pointers and Structures.

UNIT V – File Management 15 Hrs

File Management:

Introduction; Defining and Opening a file; closing a file; Input / Output Operations on files (getc, putc,getw, putw, fprintf and fscanf functions); Error handling during I/O operation; Random Access files; Command line arguments; Appending items to a file.

Introduction to OOPS: (Theory only)

Limitation of Procedural Languages; Object Oriented approach – Analogy; Approach to Organisation; characteristics of Object Oriented Languages – Objects, Classes, Inheritance, Reusability, Creating New Data types, Polymorphism and Overloading – Application of OOPs.

Reference Books :


1

2

3

4

5

Programming in ‘C’ (withCD)

Object Oriented Programming with C++

Computer Programming in C

Programming in C

Programming in C and C++

Balagurusamy E

Balagurusamy E

Rajaraman V

Venugopal

S.S Khandare



Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi


S.Chand & Co., New Delhi

3401 C - NON- CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES



Major Divisions

Unit I : Introduction To Energy Sources & Solar Radiation.Unit II : Solar Energy Collection, Storage And Applications.Unit III : Wind Energy.Unit IV : Tidal Energy And Geothermal Energy.Unit V : Bio Energy.

Unit I - INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY SOURCES & SOLAR RADIATION 15 Hrs

Introduction to Energy Sources

Primary energy Sources – Secondary fuels – Supplementary sources – Energy consumption as a measure of prosperity – World energy futures – Conclusions of the study on alternate energy strategies – Energy sources and their availability – Commercial or conventional energy sources – Coal, Oil, Agriculture and Organic base, Water Power, Nuclear power, Thermal Power - Non-conventional sources – Solar energy, Wind energy, Energy from biomass, Energy from biogas, Energy from Ocean, Tidal energy, Geothermal energy, Hydrogen energy, Fuel cells – Magneto Hydro Dynamic generators – Thermionic Converter – Thermo electric power – Renewable electric sources – Advantages – Obstacles of the implementation – Prospects of renewable energy sources – World renewable energy resources.

Solar Radiation

Solar constant – solar radiation at earth’s surface – Beam and diffuse solar radiation – Attenuation of beam radiation – Solar radiation geometry – Attitude angle – Zenith angle – solar azimuth angle – incident angle – latitude angle – declination angle – hour angle – local solar time – solar radiation measurements – angstrom compensation pyrheliometer – abbot silver disk pyrheliometer – Eppley pyrheliometer - Eppley pyranometer – yellott solarmeter – suryamapi – sunshine recorder – solar radiation data – solar radiation on titled surface – beam radiation – total radiation (qualitative treatment only)

Unit 2 : SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION, STORAGE AND APPLICATIONS 15 Hrs

Solar Energy Collection

Introduction – Physical principles of conversion of solar radiation into heat – Flat plate collector – Typical liquid collector – Heat transport system – Typical air collector – Applications of solar air heaters – Advantages of flat – plate collectors - concentrating collector (focusing type) – parabolic through – Mirror strip reflector – Fresnel lens collector – point focusing collector (parabolodial type) – concentrating collector (Non

focusing type) – Compound Parabolic concentrator – advantages & Disadvantages of concentrators over flat plate collectors - selective absorber coatings – Characteristics of absorber coatings.

Solar Energy Storage

Introduction – Solar energy storage systems – thermal storage – sensible heat storage – latent heat storage – solar pond – non conductive solar pond – Extraction of Thermal energy – Applications of Solar pond.

Solar Energy Applications

Introduction – solar water heating, pressuirized & forced circulation – Passive heating system and active heating system – space cooling – absorption air conditioning – intermittent absorption cooling – solar thermal electric conversion – Solar electric power generation – Principles of solar cells – semiconductor junctions – Conversion efficiency and power output – Photovoltaic system for power generation – Solar cell connecting arrangements – storage batteries – Inverters – applications of solar PV system – Advantages and Disadvantages of PV solar energy conversion – Solar distillation – solar pumping – Solar furnace – Solar green houses – Advantages – Solar production of hydrogens – Direct thermal, Thermo chemical, Electrolytic and photolytic methods.

Unit III WIND ENERGY 14 Hrs

Introduction to wind energy – basic principles of wind energy – conversion – nature of wind – power in the wind – maximum power – forces on the blade – wind energy conversion – small producers and large producers – wind data and (qualitative treatment only) energy estimation – site selection consideration – Basic components of wind energy conversion systems – classifications of WECS – advantages and disadvantages of WECS – generating system – scheme of electric generation – generator control - load control – energy storage – applications of wind energy – inter connecting system – environmental aspects – safety systems – wind energy in India – prospects.

Unit IV TIDAL ENERGY AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 14 Hrs

Tidal Energy

Introduction to tidal power – Basic principles of tidal power – components of tidal power plants – power house – Dam sluice ways from the basin to sea and vice versa – operation methods of utilisation of Tidal energy – single basin and double basin arrangements – site requirement – storage – advantages – limitation of Tidal power generation – prospects of Tidal Energy in India.

Geothermal Energy

Introduction to Geothermal Energy – fields – Hydro thermal & semi thermal fields – prime movers for Geothermal Energy conversion – classifications- Advantages of

Geothermal Energy over other energy forms – Applications of Geothermal Energy at different temperatures – material selection for Geothermal power plant - Geothermal exploration – seismic monitering - Geothermal well drilling – operational & Environmental problems - Geothermal Energy in India – prospects.

Unit V BIO ENERGY 14 Hrs

Introduction to biomass – Biomass conversion technologics – wet process and dry process – Biogas generation – classification of biogas plants – continuous & batch types – The dome and the drum types – Different variations in the drum type – Types of Biogas plants – Floating gas holder – Fixed dome digestor – Biogas from plant wastes – Community biogas plants – Materials used for biogas generation – selection of site for biogas plant – Methods of maintaining Biogas generation – starting a biogas plant – Fuel properties of biogas – utilisation of biogas – methods of obtaining energy from Biomass Combustion – Anerobic digestion Pyrolsis – Hydrolyses and Ethanol Fermentation – Gasifier – Classsifications – Applications of Gasifiers.

Reference Books :


1

2

3

Non – Conventional Energy sources

Energy Technology (Non - Conventional, Renewable &Conventional)

Solar Energy Utilization

G.D. Rai

S. Rao Dr. B.B.Parulekar

G.D. Rai




3401 D- ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN

V Term (Diversified)6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 72

Major DivisionsUnit I Basic Principles Of Electrical Machine Design.Unit II Magnetic And Electric Circuits In Machines.Unit III Design Of Dc Machines.Unit IV Design Of Transformer.Unit V Design Of Induction Motors.

Unit I BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN 14 Hrs

Introduction – Constructional elements of transformer – constructional elements of rotating machines – classification of design problems – standard specifications – Magnetic and electrical loadings – output equation (general) – Factors affecting the size of rotating machines – Limitations in design.

Unit II MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC CIRCUITS IN MACHINES 14 Hrs

Basic principles of magnetic circuits – Magnetic curve – magnetic circuit calculations – Reluctance of air gap in machines with smooth armature – Reluctance of air gap in machines with open armature slots – mmf for air gap – mmf for teeth – Real and apparent flux densities – Magnetic leakage – unbalanced magnetic pull – Basic principles of electric circuits – slot dimension.

Unit III DESIGN OF DC MACHINES 14 Hrs

Construction – output equation – choice of specific magnetic loading – selection of number of poles – Length of air gap – armature core design – Armature winding design – Magnetic circuit – Design of field system – Design of field coil – Design of series field winding – Design of commutator and brushes – Design of Interpoles.

Unit IVDESIGN OF TRANSFORMER 15 Hrs

Transformer construction – output equation of single phase transformer – output equation of three phase transformer – Design of core – Overall dimensions in the transformer – Design of winding – Cooling of transformer – Design of tank with cooling tubes – Estimation of no load current of transformer – Effect of frequency on iron loss.

Unit V DESIGN OF INDUCTION MOTORS 15 Hrs

Single phase induction motor – comparison between single phase and 3 phase induction motors – choice of number of starter slots – Design of main stator winding – Design of auxiliary stator winding.

Three phase induction motor – construction – output equation – Main dimensions – stator windings – stator core – Length of air gap – Design of squirrel cage rotor – Reduction of harmonic torques – Design of wound rotor.

Reference Books:


1 A simplified text in Electrical machine design

A.Nagoor Kani RBA Publications, Chennai

2

3

Design of Electrical MachinesPrinciples of Electrical machine design (Revised edition)

V.N. Mittal

R.K. Agarwal

Standard Publishers Distributors, New DelhiS.K. Kataria & sons, New Delhi

3303 ANALOG AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB

V Term (Applied ) 6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 72

List of Experiments :

1. a To construct and test using operational Amplifier Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier.

b. To construct and test using operational Amplifier Scale changer and Summer. c. To construct and test using operational Amplifier Integrator Circuit and obtain the wave form using CRO.

2. Verify the truth table of the following logic gates NAND, NOT, OR – using 74XX Ics and bread board.

3. Construct the Half adder using 7408, 7486 and 7432 Ics and verify its truth table.

4. Verify the truth table of RS, D, and J.K. flipflop.

5. Construct a full adder and verify the truth table using 74xx ICs.

6. Construct a half and full subtractor and verify the truth table using 74xx ICs.

7. Construct a 2 digit up/down counter using IC 7448, 74192 chips and seven segment LED and check up its performance.

8. Construct a parity generator and test its performance.

9. Construct LED driver circuit using transistors (NPN, PNP) and Ics and test it.

10. Verify the ‘Demorgan’s theorem using a simple circuit.

11. Construct and verify the performance of a 4 bit binary counter using 7473 Ics.

12. Construct and verify the performance of decade counter using 7490, 7447, 7475 and seven segment LEDs.

13. Simulate a combinational logic function using AND, OR & NOT gates. Verify the result.

14. Construct a square wave generator using 555 IC for various frequency.

15. Construct a timer using 555 IC with different time delay.

16. To construct and test using OP- AMP zero cross detector and differentiator.

17. Construct and test Modulo ‘7’ counter using IC’s 7473.

18. Realisation of AND,OR,NOT using universal gates NAND and NOR.

3402 A - CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY


6 Hours /week Total Hours : 72

List of Experiments:

1 a). Study of various types of switches: push button, limit switch, proximity switch, Selector switch and thermostat.

b). Dismantling, maintenance and reassembling of contactor2. a) Study of ON delay and OFF delay operation of Pneumatic Timer.

b b) Study of solenoid valve operation. c) Solid state relay operation. 3. Single phasing preventor. 4. Remote and interlocking operation using push button and contactor.c 5. Dynamic braking of dc shunt motor.

d 6. Reversing control of dc motor.e 7. Semi automatic star/delta starter.f 8. Automatic star/delta starter.g 9. Two speed/Two winding control.h 10. Reversing control of ac motor.i 11. Dynamic braking control of ac motor.j 12. PLC based DOL starter.k 13. PLC based star/delta starter.l 14. Jogging – control circuit.m 15. Speed control of DC Motor using SCRn 16. Control circuit for Rotor – resistance starter.o 17. Control circuit for compressor Motor.p 18. Study of induction over current and earth leakage relay.

3402 B - PROGRAMMING IN ‘C’ & APPLICATION LAB

V Term (Diversified ) 6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 72

List of Exercises :

On completion of the experiment students should be able to write programs in C

and execute it.

1. Program to calculate Salesman’s Commission.

2. Solution of a Quadratic Equation.

3. Program for Pay bill calculation.

4. Program to compute sum of series using While loop.

5. Printing of multiplication table using Do…While loop.

6. Program to find whether the given number is a positive number, negative

number or zero.

7. Program to sort a list of numbers

8. Program to sort the strings.

9. Preparation of the rank list of a class of students.

10. Program to implement Matrix addition & multiplication.

11. Program to implement Fibannoci series.

12. Program to find factorial of given N numbers.

13. Program to tabulate a survey data.

14. Program to count number of characters, words & lines in a text.

15. Program to develop a pattern (eg.: pyramid, square)

3402 C – NON- CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES LABORATORY




1. Find the conversion efficiency of the given Solar Cell.2. Plot V-I Characteristics of the solar panel and find out the Maximum Power Point.3. Determine the efficiency of the inverter and the Compact Fluorescent Lamp.4. Determine the efficiency of the following lamps

a. Incandacent lampb. Fluorescent Lampc. Compact Fluorescent Lamp

5. Determine and comparison of the power factor of the Fluorescent Lamp using iron cored choke and Electronic choke.

6. Test the efficiency of the centrifugal pump run by Solar Array for different voltages and different delivery heads.

7. Conduct the load test on an Induction Generator.8. Find out the Quantity (or) Ampere Hour efficiency of the Lead Acid Cell.9. Design, construct and test the Solar Cooker.10. Design, construct and test the Solar Hot Water system using Solar Flat plate

collector.11. Design, construct and test the Hot Air System.12. Study of Wind Mills used for the generation of electrical energy.13. Measure the water discharge of a Wind Mill coupled to a Reciprocating Pump.14. Design, construct and test a small biogas plant.

3402 D - ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN LAB




1. Study of magnetic laws using Coil, Permanent magnet and Galvanometer.

2. Study of rotating magnetic field with stator and ball.

3. Measurement of magnetic flux using flux meter.

4. Study of using Growler.

5. Design of single phase 1KVA 230/15 V loading transformer and assemble the

core.

6. Design 3 phase 1 KVA transformer and assemble winding, core, etc.,

7. Design 3 phase 1 KVA transformer (delta / star connected) and wind one coil set.

8. Design armature for 5 KW dc machine and insert one coil set.

9. Design field pole for 5KW dc machine and assemble one pole and insert in the

body.

10. Assemble the given dc machine (Pole, interpole, armature, commutator, brush

etc.,).

11. Design and assemble coiling fan.

12. Design and assemble a 3HP induction motor.

3304 WIRING, WINDING & ESTIMATION LAB

V Term (Applied ) 6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 72


I. Wiring Exercises :-1. To control two lamps in series by single switch.2. To control two lamps in parallel by single switch.3. To control two lamps independently controlled by two switches with one three pin

wall socket with switch control.4. To control one lamp from two switches in different places( stair case wiring).5. To control two lamps dim & bright connection.

II. Winding Exercises :-

1. To design and wind a coil for single phase 500 mA, 230 / 12 – 0 – 12 V eliminator transformer.

2. To wind a voltage coil for a starter.3. To wind a voltage coil for a fluorescent lamp.4. To give the end connections of the winding of the three phase induction motor

and run it.5. To prepare and insert coils for single layer and double layer winding for a three

phase induction motor.6. To wind the running and starting coils of a single phase induction motor.

III. Estimation and Labour Cost:-1. Schedule and sub schedule.2. Specification for materials.3. Calculations of quantities.4. Calculation of labour cost and sundry expenses.

IV. Estimation for Different Installation and IE Rules 1956 :-1. Approximate rules 1956 – abstracts.2. General building wiring.3. Power wiring.4. Street lighting.5. Installation of pump house.6. Service connection.

Documents

3301 GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & SWITCH GEARnptc.ac.in/admin/edit/downloads/5term.pdf · 2006. 2. 7. · HVDC Power Transmission System & Technology Electrical Power System Principles