3.3Europeans Settle North America

Claims in North America

• A northwest trade route to Asia through North America = huge profits

• Route does not exist – countries settle instead

• France, England, Holland establish colonies in North America

New France

• Explore what is today, Canada• Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec – becomes capital

of New France• Marquette & Joliet explore Great Lakes & upper

Mississippi River• de La Salle explores lower Mississippi – claims entire

Mississippi River Valley for France• Fur trade becomes primary economic activity

England’s Claims

• Jamestown (Virginia) = first English settlement in North America

• Jamestown (1607) was a disaster• Settlers want gold instead of crops

• Built on swamp – diseases spread

• 70 % of people die

• Tobacco saves Jamestown

England Claims

• New England founded• Pilgrims escape religious persecution – land in Plymouth,

Massachusetts

• Puritans come to New England – goal = build model community for other Christians

• More successful than Jamestown because many families

The Fight for North America

• The French and Indian War• English settlers push west into French territory past

Appalachian Mountains

• England oppress natives

• Natives ally with French

• England wins

Native American Response

• French and Dutch cooperate with natives due to fur trade

• England want to expand colonies – take land of Native Americans

• English feel Native Americans are heathen

• Metacom = Native American leader attacks English villages• English respond by attacking tribes – English win

• Disease wipes out Native Americans• Effects = can’t defend territory; major labor shortage