3.2 French Near Surface Repositories, Andra

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40 Years of operation of Near Surface 40 Years of operation of Near Surface Repositories. Andra Experience. Repositories. Andra Experience.

JL TisonANDRA International Department

www.andra.fr

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Until 1969, storage on sites.

1969: Centre Manche commissioned. “First” Repository for Short Lived, Low and Intermediate LevelWaste.1979: Creation of ANDRA, a branch of the CEA. ANDRA in charge of All Radioactive Waste. Producer Pays Principle.

1992: Commissioning of Centre Aube for Short Lived, Low and Intermediate Level Waste.1994: Closure of Centre Manche.2003: Long term Monitoring phase for Centre Manche.

2003: Commissioning of Morvilliers site for Very Low Level Waste.

KEY DATES for Surface RepositoriesKEY DATES for Surface Repositories

2


SF and reprocessing waste

Dedicated trench type surface disposal Very Low Level Waste Dismantling

waste

Operational waste

Short lived nuclides Half-lifeType of Waste

Waste Disposal Classification principleWaste Disposal Classification principle

WAC

G e o l o g i c a l d i s p o s a l

H i g h L e v e l Wa s t e

WAC

LOW ACTIVITY

HIGH ACTIVITY Typical Disposal Routes for Different types of

Waste

Surface or near surface disposal

Low and Intermediate Waste

Long lived nuclides


Actual Disposal Classification in FranceActual Disposal Classification in France

Parliament debate in 2006Research reports delivered in June 2005

Centre de Morvilliers(waste from dismantling operations)

Short lived waste Long lived waste

High levelHigh levelSF & Waste from reprocessing plants

Research stage – 1991 and 2006 actsDisposal site to be commissioned in 2025

Intermediate levelIntermediate level

Centrede

l ’Aube

Centre Aube (operating waste from

NPPs )+ Centre MANCHE

Low levelLow level Operational in 2019(graphite, radium bearing)

Very low levelVery low levelCentre de Morvilliers

(waste from dismantling operations)

4 types of disposal siteNo clearance level in France


Andra Financing Scheme Andra Financing Scheme (except for HLW Research)(except for HLW Research)

OTHERS AREVA CEA EDF

ANDRA SERVICES DISPOSAL- - STORAGE

ACCEPTANCE –COLLECTION-TRANSPORT-DESIGN-CONSTRUCTION

STATE BUDGET

COMMERCIAL

CONTRACTS

INFORMATION MISSION-ORPHAN WASTE

4.5 M EUROS in 2008

Financial Provisions in Waste Producers/Owner’s financial books for future expenses.( Disposal, Dismantling, etc…)

APART FROM VERY SPECIFIC CASES (eg MEDICAL WASTE) , ANDRA DOES NOT TAKE FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FROM THE WASTE PRODUCER/OWNER FOR FUTURE COST TO OCCUR NOR OWNERSHIP

COMMERCIALBANKS

LOANS


• A Disposal site in long term monitoring phase since 2003. Centre de la Manche (operation from 1969 to 1994).

• A Disposal site in operation for Low and Intermediate level, Waste. Centre de l’Aube commissioned in 1992.

• A Disposal site in operation for Very Low Level Waste, since 2003. Morvilliers site.

Operational situation for surface repositoriesOperational situation for surface repositories


HEADQUARTERSSURFACE REPOSITORY (CM – CA - CTFA)

Andra Surface RepositoriesAndra Surface Repositories

PARIS

URL


CENTRE MANCHE

CENTRE AUBE

CENTRE MORVILLIERS

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Compliance with the irradiation and contamination limitsset for the different categories of workers,Compliance with the irradiation and contamination limits setfor members of the public, taking account of existing installations.

Two principles set out in the 1969 creation decree:



Concrete trenches


Retrieving wasteAfter Tritium leakage in 1976


Gallery of the separate water collection system

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Centre Manche in operationCentre Manche in operationFinal shape being prepared.Final shape being prepared.

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Multi-layer coverSuccessive layers: schist and sandstone, sand, bitumen membrane, sandA water-recovery system for potential seepage

Long-term monitoring of the repository and of the cover: Visual, topographical and hydraulic inspections, and radiological controls of collected waters


• “Intensive” monitoring period during a first phase (until approximately 2010)• Post-closure long-term monitoring: 300 years• Cost : 3 M€ per year (before taxes) •Monitoring cost borne by waste producers

LOW & INTERMEDIATE LEVEL SHORT LIVED WASTE LOW & INTERMEDIATE LEVEL SHORT LIVED WASTE --CENTRE DE LA MANCHECENTRE DE LA MANCHE

• Operated between 1969 and 1994 (527 000 m3).• Official monitoring period since 2003• No significant impact on the environment (10,000 measures per year)


CENTRE MANCHE

CENTRE AUBE

CENTRE MORVILLIERS

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SITING

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SITE SELECTION CRITERIA- Stability- Low seismicity- Simple hydrogeology- Identified water outlet- No natural resources- Low population density

Aube hydro-geologic model


:

FINAL COVERVAULT

UNDERGROUND GALLERY

WATER COLLECTING SYSTEM

PERMEABLE LAYER

One Outlet

IMPERMEABLE LAYER (CLAY)

DEEP GEOLOGICAL LAYERS

2-DISPOSALSYSTEM

3- SITE

Containmentduring operational period

and institutional control period

1-WASTEPACKAGE

THE CONTAINMENT SYSTEM


IMPERMEABLE LAYER (CLAY)

DEEP GEOLOGICAL LAYERS

PERMEABLE LAYER

::

Water transfer scenarios

Air transfer scenarios

Artificial barriersare damaged

The necessity to monitor long lived radio-nuclides

LONG TERM SAFETY


Centre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facilityCentre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facility

Low and intermediate level short lived wasteArea : 95 ha (total)

30 ha (disposal)Capacity : 1,000,000 m3 waste packagesStart up : 1992Disposed volume : > 200,000 M3 as of 2007

Deliveries 2006 : 14,668 m3

Disposal 2006 : 13,416 m3

9 vaults were closed in 200688 vaults were closed since start up440 vaults are planned in total

16,000 environmental monitoring measurements per year


Centre AubeCentre Aube-- Aerial ViewAerial View-- Vault Life CycleVault Life Cycle


WASTE PACKAGESWASTE PACKAGES


CENTRE DE LCENTRE DE L’’AUBE DISPOSAL OPERATIONSAUBE DISPOSAL OPERATIONS


Waste treatment / Conditioning / PackagingWaste treatment / Conditioning / Packaging

Grouting of waste packages

Supercompaction

Drying


Centre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facilityCentre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facilityOperation includes an acceptance process of waste packagesOperation includes an acceptance process of waste packages

To get confidence in the ability of the waste generator to produce waste packagescomplying with waste acceptance criteria

qualification of packages and processesassessment of Quality Assurance in the generator’s facility

To maintain confidenceinspectionsnon destructive and destructive tests on delivered packages


Centre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facilityCentre de Soulaines (Aube) disposal facilityDisposal of PWR vessel headsDisposal of PWR vessel heads

55 vessel heads to be disposed6 pieces delivered per year


TECHNICAL RESPONSIBILITIESTECHNICAL RESPONSIBILITIESCentre AUBECentre AUBE

Waste Producer AndraWaste sorting and characterization

X

Waste conditioning

Storage

X

X

(X)(Drums compaction,

metallic boxes grouting)

Waste acceptance X

Transportation X (X)(from Andra railway terminal and

transportation subcontracted to Andra)

Disposal X

There is no transfer of ownership when a waste is disposed. The waste producer remains the owner of the waste,


CENTRE MANCHE

CENTRE AUBE

CENTRE MORVILLIERS


VERY LOW LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTEVERY LOW LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTEMORVILLIERS DISPOSAL FACILITYMORVILLIERS DISPOSAL FACILITY


• Commissioning in 2003• Located at Morvilliers

near the Centre de l’Aube• Capacity: 650,000 m3

Waste

Bottom geo-membrane

Base layer

Ditch

Drainage and filtration

Inspection shaftTop geo-membrane

Drainage and filtration

Collector

Sand

Clay coverClay

backfill

Vegetation cover

VERYVERY--LOW LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL LOW LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL CONCEPTCONCEPT


Centre de Morvilliers disposal facilityCentre de Morvilliers disposal facilityDesign and operation procedures that complyDesign and operation procedures that comply

with hazardous waste disposal facilities requirementswith hazardous waste disposal facilities requirements


Waste emplacement at the VLL waste facilityWaste emplacement at the VLL waste facility


DISPOSAL CELL CLOSUREDISPOSAL CELL CLOSURE


•Long learning process during 40 years of operation of surface repositories•Surface repositories accomodate most of the waste being produced in France, including medical waste.•A solution for all operating waste from NPP.•A solution for most of dismantling waste.•Experience gained in closure and long term monitoring of disposal sites.•Allows to accept very large pieces (vesselhead, steam generators, etc)

Conclusion

Documents

3.2 French Near Surface Repositories, Andra