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30 Years War. 1618-1648. B ackground. HRE is ruled by Austrain Habsburgs German princes want to break away Reformation drives a wedge France and Sweden want land. Defenestration. Ferdinand II- made King of Bohemia and HRE -upsets Protestants -Defenestration 1618. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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1618-1648
30 Years War
Background
HRE is ruled by Austrain HabsburgsGerman princes want to break awayReformation drives a wedgeFrance and Sweden want land
Defenestration
Ferdinand II- made King of Bohemia and HRE
-upsets Protestants -Defenestration
1618
Bohemian Phase -1618 to 1625
Bohemian Protestants depose FerdinandII and install Frederick the V of the Palatinate, a Calvinist
Imperial Catholics unite and crush Protestants outside of Prague
Emperor hires mercenaries to do fighting – they ravage German country side
Spain takes land from the Palatinate while Frederick focuses on Bohemia
Danish Phase – 1625 to 1630
Danish King, Christian IV invades Northern Germany to protect Protestants
He fights Wallenstein all around Germany: Silesia, Schleswig, and the Baltic Region
With no need for Wallenstein, the Emperor relieves him of his duties
The Swedish Phase – 1630 to 1635
Gustav Adolphus, king of Sweden, enters Germany to protect Protestants
Won major victories keeping the Habsburgs from uniting all of Germany under the HRE
Supported by France, a catholic nation
Goes on to invite Wallenstein to join his side, Wallenstein is assassinated outside of Prague
The French Phase – 1635 to 1648
Adolphus dies from a wound in 1632 and Swedes are finally defeated in 1634
Protestants offers peace in exchange for tolerance for Protestants
France enters war on side of Protestants joined by Dutch, Swedes and Finns
Habsburgs get help from Scots and Spanish
The End
With no side clearly winning the war ends with the 1648 signing of the Treaty of Westphalia
Princes can choose religion once againSweden gets land in the BalticsSwitzerland is formedFrance receives Alsaces and part of Spanish
NetherlandsHRE loses all of its powerHabsburg power grows in their area of
influence