3 Communicating Design Ideas © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Objectives Explain the three basic

3

Communicating Design Ideas

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Objectives

• Explain the three basic types of communication technology.

• List various forms of communication.• Communicate ideas using isometric and

perspective sketches.• Draw simple objects using orthographic

projection.• Demonstrate standard drawing techniques.• Explain the advantages of computer-aided

design.


Objectives

• Summarize the principle of concurrent engineering.

• Identify uses for 3D printing.


Communication

• Types of communication• Visual communication• Audio communication• Audiovisual communication

• Communication technology



Forms of Communication

• Hand signals and sounds

• Symbols and signs• Electronic

communication



Discussion

What are some methods people use to communicate? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?


Sketching

• Line drawings• Drafting

• “Language of industry”• Prevents confusion about the size and shape of an

object or structure



Three Types of Drawings


Freehand Sketching

• Allows you to record ideas rapidly• Allows you to share and discuss ideas• Makes it easier to develop ideas



Isometric Sketching

• Media• Isometric paper• Plain paper

• Isometric axes• Height• Width• Depth



Isometric Sketching

• Draw basic shape using construction lines• Refine the sketch• Darken sketch lines• Remove unnecessary construction lines



Freehand Isometric Sketching


Perspective Sketching

• Most realistic picture of objects• Parallel lines converge• Vertical lines become shorter as they disappear

into the distance



Discussion

What is the difference between an isometric sketch and a perspective sketch?


Orthographic Projection

• Three standard views• Front• Top• Right side

• Standard arrangement



Drawing Instruments

• T-square• 45 and 30/60 drafting triangles• Compass• Scale (ruler)



Drawing Techniques



Alphabet of Lines



Dimensioning

• Overall dimensions• Detail dimensions



Scale Drawings

• Full scale (1:1)• Objects drawn at true size

• Reduced scale • For objects too large to fit on paper• Example: 1:2

• Enlarged scale• For objects too small to see details clearly• Example: 2:1



Discussion

Name an object that must be drawn at a reduced scale and one that must be drawn at an enlarged scale.


Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

• Three parts• Input device• Processor• Output device

• Used to create accurate design drawings• 3D designs

• Virtual reality



Advantages of CAD

• Corrections can be made quickly• Nothing needs to be drawn more than once• 3D images can be rotated and viewed from

various angles



Discussion

How has CAD changed the way products are designed and made?


Concurrent Engineering

• Product produced quickly• Product meets customer needs• Constant communication among:

• Designers• Production team• Customers• Marketing• Project manager


3D Printers

• Additive fabrication• Rapid prototyping (RP) systems• Rapid manufacturing systems• “Personal” 3D printers


Review

What are the three basic types of communication?

Visual communication, audio communication, and audiovisual communication


Review

A blog is a form of _____ communication.

electronic


Review

Name three reasons why freehand sketching is important in product design.

1)It allows you to record ideas rapidly.

2)It allows you to share and discuss ideas with others.

3)It makes it easier to develop ideas.


Review

In _____ sketching, lines representing the width and depth of the item are set at 30 from the horizontal.

isometric


Review

In _____ sketching, parallel lines converge and vertical lines become shorter as they disappear into the distance.

perspective


Review

In orthographic projection, the viewing angle is at _____ angles to the surface.

right


Review

True or False? When drawing vertical lines with a drafting triangle, you should draw the lines from top to bottom.

False


Review

True or False? Concurrent engineering saves time because of increased communication.

True


Review

How can 3D printing be used to experiment with ideas during the design stage?

It can be used to create prototypes quickly.


GLOSSARY

• 3D printer• Any machine that can process a CAD file to create a

3D part.

• Additive fabrication• The process of creating a “3D print” of an object from

a CAD file by depositing layers of liquid, powder, or sheet material according to computer instructions and fusing the layers together.

• Alphabet of lines• The standard line types and widths used on technical

drawings.


GLOSSARY

• Communication• The process of exchanging information or ideas

between two or more living beings.

• Communication technology• The transmitting and receiving of information using

technical means, such as special devices for transmitting and receiving information and special mediums for transmission.

• Computer-aided design (CAD)• A method of making accurate drawings using a

computer.


GLOSSARY

• Concurrent engineering• A system of designing, developing, and

manufacturing a product that involves every department, as well as the customer, from the beginning of the design stage.

• Construction lines• Thin, faint lines used to start a drawing.

• Drafting• Drawings of ideas to be communicated, often called

the “language of industry.”


GLOSSARY

• Freehand sketching• Sketching by hand without the aid of mechanical

instruments such as rulers and templates.• Isometric axes

• Three intersecting lines that form the basis of an isometric drawing. One of the lines is vertical. The other two are at 30° from the horizontal.

• Isometric sketching• The simplest type of picture-like drawing; it is used to

share an idea or record ideas for further discussion. • Line drawings

• Objects and ideas represented by lines and shapes.


GLOSSARY

• Orthographic projection• Kind of drawing that shows each surface of the

object “square on” (at right angles to the surface).

• Perspective sketching• Sketching method that provides the most realistic

picture of objects.

• Rapid manufacturing system• A 3D printer that is capable of creating real parts for

use in actual products.

• Rapid Prototyping (RP)• A system that creates a prototype part quickly from a

CAD file.



GLOSSARY

• Scale drawing• A drawing that is larger or smaller than the object by

a fixed ratio.

• Symbol• Simple picture or shape used as a means of

communicating without using words.

• Views• In orthographic projection, drawings of the front, top,

or right side of an object taken at right angles to the surfaces.


GLOSSARY

• Virtual reality• An artificial environment provided by a computer that

creates sights, sounds, and, occasionally, feelings through the use of a mask, speakers, and gloves or other sensory-enhancing devices.

Documents

3 Communicating Design Ideas © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Objectives Explain the three basic