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““An ethical person often An ethical person often chooses to do more than the chooses to do more than the law requires and less than law requires and less than the law allows – there is a the law allows – there is a difference between what you difference between what you have a right to do and what have a right to do and what is right to do.”is right to do.”

Justice Potter StewartJustice Potter Stewart

Rule of ThumbRule of Thumb

““We judge other people by their We judge other people by their actionsactions and and we judge ourselves by our we judge ourselves by our intentintent.”.”

--Jack Azzaretto--Jack Azzaretto

The Golden RulesThe Golden Rules• Confucius: What you do not want done to yourself, do not do Confucius: What you do not want done to yourself, do not do

unto others.unto others.• Aristotle: We should behave to other as we wish others to Aristotle: We should behave to other as we wish others to

behave to us.behave to us.• Judaism: What you dislike for yourself, do not do to anyone.Judaism: What you dislike for yourself, do not do to anyone.• Hinduism: Do nothing to thy neighbor which though wouldst Hinduism: Do nothing to thy neighbor which though wouldst

not have him do to thee thereafter.not have him do to thee thereafter.• Islam: No one of you is a believe unless he loves for his Islam: No one of you is a believe unless he loves for his

brother what we loves for himself.brother what we loves for himself.• Buddhism: Hurt not others with that which pains thyself.Buddhism: Hurt not others with that which pains thyself.• Christianity: Do unto other as you would have them do unto Christianity: Do unto other as you would have them do unto

you.you.• Social Justice: Do unto others as they would like to have Social Justice: Do unto others as they would like to have

done unto them.done unto them.

What is “Ethics”What is “Ethics”

Public employees have a duty to Public employees have a duty to conserve public resources and funds conserve public resources and funds against misuse and abuse.against misuse and abuse.

• Green ZoneGreen Zone – Official Duties– Official Duties

• Yellow ZoneYellow Zone – Personal Use Under – Personal Use Under Limited CircumstancesLimited Circumstances

• Red ZoneRed Zone – Prohibited Uses– Prohibited Uses

The The RedRed Zone Zone

• Prohibited UsesProhibited Uses

• Outside business interests Outside business interests • Commercial uses Commercial uses • Illegal or unprofessional activitiesIllegal or unprofessional activities• Political activities, including lobbyingPolitical activities, including lobbying

Ethical ChoicesEthical Choices

Generally the tough ethical choices are not Generally the tough ethical choices are not between good and evil, but between two goods:between good and evil, but between two goods:

• Truth versus LoyaltyTruth versus Loyalty

• Individual versus CommunityIndividual versus Community

• Short-term versus Long-termShort-term versus Long-term

• Justice versus MercyJustice versus Mercy

• Is it Legal?Is it Legal?Will I be violating any civil law or institutional policy?Will I be violating any civil law or institutional policy?

• Is it balanced?Is it balanced?Is it fair to all concerned?Is it fair to all concerned?Does it promote win/win situations?Does it promote win/win situations?

• How will it make me feel about myself?How will it make me feel about myself?Will I be proud?Will I be proud?Would I feel good if my hometown newspaper Would I feel good if my hometown newspaper published my decision?published my decision?Would I feel good if my family know about my choice?Would I feel good if my family know about my choice?

The Three Questions The Three Questions

1. Is it legal?1. Is it legal?2. Is it balanced?2. Is it balanced?3. How will it make me feel about myself?3. How will it make me feel about myself?

• Morning-after TestMorning-after Test– How will you feel about this tomorrow morning?How will you feel about this tomorrow morning?

• Front-Page TestFront-Page Test– How would you like to see this behavior written up on How would you like to see this behavior written up on

the front page of your hometown newspaper?the front page of your hometown newspaper?• Mirror TestMirror Test– How will you feel about this behavior when you look How will you feel about this behavior when you look

in the mirror?in the mirror?• Role Reversal TestRole Reversal Test– How would you feel about being on the receiving end How would you feel about being on the receiving end

of this behavior?of this behavior?• Common Sense TestCommon Sense Test– What does every common sense say about this What does every common sense say about this

behavior?behavior?

What is your highest What is your highest aspiration?aspiration?

A. WealthA. WealthB. Fame B. Fame

C. KnowledgeC. Knowledge D. PopularityD. Popularity

E. IntegrityE. Integrity

Be good and Do goodBe good and Do goodthat leads to greatest Happinessthat leads to greatest Happiness

of the greatest numberof the greatest number

Our happiness lies in making others happyOur happiness lies in making others happy

‘BAHUJANA HITTAYABAHUJANA SUKHAAYA’