2. The determination of longitude is mainly a function of ?

• 1) geometry

• 2) latitude

• 3) distance

• 4) time

• 4) time

3. The North Pole is an __?

1) Ice-covered ocean

2) Ice-covered land

3) Ice-free ocean

4) Ice-free land

• Ice-covered ocean

4. Equipment commonly used in oceanography today include ?• 1) ships

• 2) all of these

• 3) satellites

• 4) submersibles

• 2) all of these

5. An early chart of the Gulf Stream was done by ___?

• 1. Ben Franklin

• 2. Charles Darwin

• 3. Eratosthenes

• 4. Alfred Wegner

• 1. Ben Franklin

6. Which ocean is largest?

• 1. The Atlantic Ocean

• 2. The Indian Ocean

• 3. The Pacific Ocean

• 4. The Gulf of Mexico

• 3. The Pacific Ocean

3. Earth is the ___planet from the sun.

• 1) second

• 2) third

• 3) fourth

• 4) fifth

• 2) third

4. Absolute age dating is based on ___.

• 1) radioactive isotope decay

• 2) sedimentary layers

• 3) the amount of oxygen

• 4) chemical composition

• 1) radioactive isotope decay

5. Impact craters are hard to find on earth because ___.

• 1) we haven’t been hit often

• 2) Jupiter attracts all objects

• 3) the craters erode over time

• 4) all objects burn up in the atmosphere

• 3) the craters erode over time

6. Free atmospheric oxygen in amounts similar to today was not present for about the first 60% of the earth's history because of what?

1. most of it was initially used up in chemical reactions2. the earth was too hot3. photosynthetic plants have existed for only the last million years

4. the composition of seawater has only remained relatively constant for the last 600 million years

• 1. most of it was initially used up in chemical reactions

1. Which layer of the earth is rigid?

• 1) the asthenosphere• 2) the core• 3) the mantle• 4) the lithosphere

• 4) the lithosphere

3. When glaciers are formed on a land mass, what happens to its average water line?

• 1) it is further offshore• 2) it remains the same• 3) it is further inland • 4) there is no way to predict

3. When glaciers are formed on a land mass, what happens to its average water line?

• 3) it is further inland

4. The density of a substance determines whether it will sink or float on another substance. The units we use for density are ___.

1.gms2.gms/cm2

3.gms/cm3

• 3. gms/cm3

6. A rock that is an example of oceanic crust is ____ .

• 1. Granite• 2. Shale• 3. Fossilized bones• 4. Basalt

• 4. Basalt

1. Early evidence suggesting continental drift include all of the following except ___.

• 1) fit of continents

• 2) observations of vulcanism on the sea floor

• 3) similarity of fossils

• 4) similarity of rock formations

• 2) observations of vulcanism on the sea floor

2. Spreading rates of major plates are about ___.

• 1) < 1cm/year

• 2) 2-10cm/year

• 3) 10-50cm/year

• 4) >100cm/year

• 2) 2-10cm/year

3. The Nazca Plate is moving roughly ____.

• 1) north

• 2) south

• 3) east

• 4) west

• 3) east

4. The Hawaiian Islands have formed from ___.

• 1) a mid-ocean ridge system

• 2) coral reefs

• 3) a hot spot

• 4) erosion of a continent

• 3) a hot spot

5. The magnetic striping of the seafloor is considered evidence of seafloor spreading and ____.1) spreading centers in the trenches.2) changes in the Earth's axis of rotation.3) periodic reversals in the polarity of the Earth's magnetic

field.4) periodic collapses of the Earth's gravitational field.

• 3) periodic reversals in the polarity of the Earth's magnetic field.

6. The mid-ocean ridges are recognized as:

• 1) subduction zones.• 2) transform or lateral plate

boundaries.• 3) divergent plate boundaries.

• 4) convergent plate boundaries.

• 3) divergent plate boundaries.

7. A prominent feature of a continental-continental plate boundary is/are ___.• 1) a trench

• 2) a rift valley

• 3) mountains

• 4) volcanoes

• 3) mountains

1.Passive continental margins occur ______.

1) at subduction zones

2) along the US East Coast

3) at mid-ocean spreading centers

4) near hot spots

• 2) along the US East Coast

2. The region of the continental margin closest to the beach is ____.

1) the continental shelf

2) the shelf break

3) the continental slope

4) the continental rise

• 1) the continental shelf

3.Turbidity currents are _____.1) underwater landslides

2) currents that produce turbidites

3) fast-moving sediment slurries

4) all of these

• 4) all of these

4.The bottom on abyssal plains are very flat because ____.

1) they are eroded by turbidity currents

2) most irregular topography is covered by sediments

3) the basalt flattened before it solidified

4) we have no idea

• 2) most irregular topography is covered by sediments

5.All of the following are features of mid-ocean ridges except ____.

1) irregular topography

2) rift valleys

3) trenches

4) hydrothermal vents

• 3) trenches

6. Isobaths are contour lines of equal ____.

1) pressure

2) depth

3) sediment type

4) temperature

• depth

7. The average depth of the oceans is about _____ meters.

1) 1,000

2) 2,000

3) 4,000

4) 6,000

• 4,000

1. Which orders the particles correctly by size from smallest to largest?

1) sand, clay,boulders

2) clay, sand, boulders

3) boulders, sand, clay

4) clay, boulders, sand

• clay, sand, boulders

2. Lithogenous sediments come from ____.

• 1) oceanic organisms• 2) weathering of the continents• 3) outer space• 4) chemical reactions on the sea-

floor

• 2) weathering of the continents

3. Lithogenous sediments are transported to the oceans by all of the following except ____.

1) rivers

2) glaciers

3) winds

4) coastal erosion

• coastal erosion

4. Which groups produces calcareous particles?

1) diatoms

2) foraminifera

3) radiolarians

• foraminifera

5. Carbonate sediments are most likely to be found ____.

1) along continental margins

2) in trenches

3) along the flanks of spreading centers

4) on abyssal plains

• along the flanks of spreading centers

6. Sedimentation rates are lowest _____.

1) at river deltas

2) along the continental rise

3) in biologically productive regions

4) on abyssal plains

• on abyssal plains

7. An example of a hydrogenous sediment is _____.

1) Foraminifera “tests”

2) whale earbones

3) Turbidites

4) Manganese nodules

• Manganese nodules

1. Waves break roughly parallel to the beach because of what process?

1) Reflection

2) Breaking

3) Refraction

4) Flocculation

1. Waves break roughly parallel to the beach because of what process?

1) Reflection

2) Breaking

3) Refraction

4) Flocculation

2. Sand moves along the beach because of _____.

• 1) longshore transport

• 2) wind transport

• 3) the beach slope

• 4) submarine canyons

2. Sand moves along the beach because of _____.

• 1) longshore transport

• 2) wind transport

• 3) the beach slope

• 4) submarine canyons

3. Groins along a beach ____ .

• 1) have no effect on its shape• 2) completely stop sand movement• 3) cause a build-up on the “upstream” side• 4) solve all beach erosion problems

3. Groins along a beach ____ .

• 1) have no effect on its shape• 2) completely stop sand movement• 3) cause a build-up on the “upstream” side• 4) solve all beach erosion problems

5. Most beaches are more exposed in winter because ___.

• 1) rivers bring more sand in winter• 2) winter waves are more powerful• 3) summer waves are more powerful• 4) wave refracation is stronger in the

winter

5. Most beaches are more exposed in winter because ___.

• 1) rivers bring more sand in winter• 2) winter waves are more powerful• 3) summer waves are more powerful• 4) wave refracation is stronger in the

winter

6. Rip currents are dangerous because ____ .

• 1) they move water offshore• 2) swimmers panic and swim against them• 3) they move sediments parallel to the

beach at high speed• 4) they are turbid

6. Rip currents are dangerous because ____ .

• 1) they move water offshore• 2) swimmers panic and swim against them• 3) they move sediments parallel to the

beach at high speed• 4) they are turbid

7. Sea level relative to a particular location can change because ____ .

• 1) polar ice caps are melting• 2) the land is subsiding• 3) seawater expands as it warms• 4) all of these

7. Sea level relative to a particular location can change because ____ .

• 1) polar ice caps are melting• 2) the land is subsiding• 3) seawater expands as it warms• 4) all of these