2nd Philippine National Sanitation Summit - Presentation Tan

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The Water Supply & Sanitation

Sector: Current Challenges andOpportunities

2nd National Sanitation Summit:Better Water Quality and Safety through Improved Sanitation

July 9-10, 2008ADB Headquarters

Manila, Philippines

The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or itsBoard of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.



1. Organization and Management of the watersupply and sanitation sectorHistorical and Policy Development of the

sectorResponsibilities in drinking water quality andsanitation services

Current national water and sanitation situationChallenges and opportunities to the watersupply and sanitation sector

Outline of Presentation



Review of Organization and Management of thewater supply and sanitation sector

There are 17 national agencies, 43,711 LGUs,and thousands of local water serviceutilities/providers involved

But w ho is in charge ?





Organizational Landscape of the Philippine W ater Supply Sector

NEDA

NWRB

LWUA

DPWH(RWSPMO)

DILG(WSSPMO)

NAPC(WASCO)

Provincial

City/Municipal

Barangay

NGAs LGUs

Water Districts

LGU - run utilities

Private operators

RWSAs / BWSAs

Cooperatives

Service Providers



Developmental History of Water Supply &Sanitation sector (1949-2008)

• Urban-focusedFragmentedReactive and not strategicExploitative and not developmental

Characterized as:

Efforts to organize and systematize in 1994(Executive) and 2004 (Legislative)

• started but not sustained



Provincial andMunicipalWaterworks weregovernment-ownedand operated bylocal authorities

Bureau of PublicWorks providedtechnical assistance

National Waterworksand Sewerage

Authority (NAWASA)

Highly centralizedsystem of urbanwater supplymainly favoringMetro Manila

RA 6324 Creationof MWSS

Mandated toprovide Water Supply andSanitationServices tocities andmunicipalities of

Metro Manila

PD 1067: Water Code of thePhilippines

Revision andconsolidation of existing laws onownership,utilization,development andprotection of water resources

Mandated theNWRB as thegovernmentagency

responsible for theimplementation of the water Code

Provincial water Utilities Act PD 198

Formation of Water

Districts (WDs)

Creation of LWUAto providetechnical andfinancialassistance to WDs

PD 424

Creation of NWRB asgovernmentcoordinatingbody for allwater resourcesdevelopmentactivities

Barangay Water Project

Drafting andimplementationof a FrameworkPlan for each of the 41 River basin in 12Water ResourcesRegions

Creation of DILG WSSPMO

Framework Plan

PhilippineIndependence from

the Japanese

W ater Supply and Sanitation Timeline

PD 856:Sanitation Code

of the Philippines

Deals with water supply, excretadisposal, andsewerage anddrainageconcerns



Catered for water supply in ruralcenters and smalltowns

Formed ruralwaterworksassociation

RA 7160Local Government

Code

Transferred

responsibility for providing basicservices to LocalGovernmentUnits (LGUs)

NEDA BoardResolution 4

Delineation of functions amongsector agencies

Privatization of MWSS

Managementand operationstransferred to 2private firmsunder a 25-year concessioncontract

RA 8041 NationalWater Crisis Act

Provided the basisfor MWSSPrivatization

Clean Water Act9275

Served as themain vehicle toimplement thewater andsanitation agenda

of the PresidentTasked tocoordinate allWATSAN-relatedprograms inrelation tpimplementaion of the P3W

Provided theformation of holistic nationalprogram of water qualitymanagement

NAPC-

WAPCO

DILGWSSPMO

Gave formalresponsibilitiesto PMO to assistLGUs oninstitutionaldevelopmentand projectidentification

Joint Executive-Legislative Crisis

Commission

W ater Supply and Sanitation Timeline



Review of National Policies on Water Supply &Sanitation

• Lack of harmony across policies over timeFragmentedInterconnectedness of policies not well definedSanitation and Environmental Codes needupdatingNew water standards developed but none forsanitation standards

Characterized as:



◊ Instituted reforms in the financing policies for thewater supply and sewerage sector and water

service providers◊ Provided for the rationalization of LWUA’s

organizational structure and operations

EO 279(Issued February 2004 )

◊ National policy authorizing formulation of water

districts to operate and administer water supplyand wastewater disposal systems in provincialareas outside Metro Manila

PD 198(Provincial Wat er Utilities Act of 1973 )



◊ Mandated DOH to prescribe standards andprocedures on drinking water and sanitation

◊ CHAPTER XVII - Sewage Collection and Disposal,

Excreta Disposal and Drainage

Sanitation Code of the Philippines



◊ Enforcement of laws on sanitation andcleanliness as devolved function of DENR toLGUs to provide basic services and facilities,

including water supply, sanitation, and floodcontrol.

Local Government Code of 1992



Provides an opportunity to invest and consolidate

efforts (Enabling framework)

Clean W ater Act of 2004

◊ Households and establishments required toconnect to sewerage systems in urban areas

◊ National and local government requiredimplement sewerage or septage managementschemes in the next 5 years (National Sewerage

and Septage Management Plan)◊ Designation of Water Quality Management Areas◊ Establishment of Water Quality Management Fund



Who are Respon s ib l e fo r Wat er Qua l i t y and Safe t y?



• Department of Health mandated to formulatestandards for drinking water supply underChapter 2 section 9 of PD 856 (Sanitation Codeof the Philippines)

• Administrative Order 0012-2007 was signed onMarch 9, 2007 setting the Philippine National

Standard for Drinking Water

Milestones

Who are Responsible for Water Quality and Safety?



• waterworks officials• developers and operators

of water supply systems(government and private)

• water refilling stationoperators• water vending machine

operators

• ice manufacturers

W ho should comply w ith AO 0012-2007

• institutions/establishmentsthat supply/serve drinkingwater

• drinking water laboratories

• health and sanitationauthorities

• the general public




Dr ink ing w a t e r qua l i t y su rve i l l anc e p rog ram

DOH Mandates through revised (1995) IRR chapter2 of Sanitation Code roles and constituents of asurveillance program in the LGU through the

creation of Local Drinking Water Quality MonitoringCommittee




Who ar e Respon s ib le fo r San i t a t i on Se rv i c es?



As mandated by law:• DOH – setting types and operational standards,

operational guidelines;• LGUs – operations of service providers• DENR-EMB – setting effluent standards and

compliance

Who are Respo ns ib le for Regu la t ingSan i t a t ion Se rv ic es?

Who are Responsible for Sanitation Services?



As mandated by law:• LGUs – LGC, Sanitation Code• Water Districts – PD198, CWA

By way of contract from LGUs/WDs/MWSS:• Private Utilities/Operators – they need to

comply with government regulations andrequirements, and performance targetsstipulated in the contracts

Who are Respo ns ib le for Provid ingSan i t a t ion Se rv ic es?

Who are Responsible for Sanitation Services?



Cu r re n t n a t i o n a l w a t e r a nds a ni t a t i o n s i t u a t i o n



Where are we now?

• 20 million Filipinos have no access toimproved sanitation facilities.Only 76% of Filipinos has access to safe

drinking water and basic sanitation (2006data)There are about 38 million diarrhea

cases/year; 11,338 deaths/year due to acutewatery diarrhea

Current national water and sanitation situation



Where are we now?

• 9 million Filipinos still defecate in the open15.1 million share toilets

There are around 400 LGUs with waterdistricts out of 1,632 cities andmunicipalities. However, only 250 water

districts are fully operational.




Whereto now?

• 2008 declared as National Year of SanitationNeed for a National Sustainable SanitationProgram recognizedSupported by a National Sustainable Sanitation

Communications Plan already in the worksNational Sanitation Code of 1975, while foramendment in Congress for more than 10 years,

still has to be prioritizedClean Water Act of 2004 needs firm andsustained enforcement






1.

Watsan Challenge #1:Who is responsible for sanitation

services, and drinking water qualityand safety?



1.

Watsan Challenge #2:How much more time do we need

to have universal access to safedrinking water and sustainablesanitation?



1.

Watsan Challenge #3:What should we do to totally

eliminate open defecation?



1.

Watsan Challenge #4:Can public toilets ever be

consistently and sustainably clean?



1.Watsan Challenge #5:

When will our children be free fromthe constant threat of AcuteGastroenteritis, Soil TransmittedHelminths and Diarrhoea?




How soon can we clean up our

water bodies?




Will our watershed be ever trulyprotected and preserved?




Will we ever get our acts togetherfor water and sanitation?



1.

DOH it na!

Thank you very much











































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2nd Philippine National Sanitation Summit - Presentation Tan