2nd Mini-Workshop on Higgs Factory:

Lattice and Detector

UCLA

February 12 and 13, 1998

Organizers:

M. Atac D. Cline A. Garren K. Lee

Transparency Book

Works hop Participants:

ATAC, MUZAFFER Fermilab, MS222 P.O. Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 MAtac@fnal.gov

CLINE, DAVID B. University of California, Los Angeles Physics & Astronomy Department Box 951547 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547 DCline@physics.ucla.edu

GARREN, AL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Accelerator & Fusion Research Div. 1 Cyclotron Rd. Berkeley, CA 94720 Garren@csa.lbl.gov

JOHNSTONE, CAROL Fermilab, MS345 P.O. Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 Johnstone@adcalc.fnal.gov

Contributed Transparencies:

PARSA, ZOHREH Brookhaven National Laboratory Director's Office, Bldg. 901 A P.O. Box 5000 Upton, NY 11973-5000 Parsa@bnl.gov

LEE, KEVIN University California, Los Angeles Phys. & Astro. Dept. 405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547 KLee@physics.ucla.edu

PALMER, ROBERT Brookhaven National Laboratory Director's Office, Bldg. 901 A P.O. Box 5000 Upton, NY 11973-5000 Pa/mer@bnl.gov

WAN, WEISHI Fermilab, MS345 P.O. Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 Wan@jnal.gov

Table of Contents

Muon Collider - Transverse Cooling, R. Palmer (BNL)· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · I

Scientific Arguments for a Higgs Factory Muon Collider, D. Cline (UCLA)· · · 9

Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance Studies · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 39 at the First Muon Collider, Z. Parsa (BNL)

Higgs Factory Collider Ring Lattice Lattice Studies, A. Garren (UCLA/LBNL)· 48

50 GeV Lattice Studies, C. Johnstone (FNAL)· 61

Tracking Study, W. Wan (FNAL)· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 78

Detector Concept of High Luminosity Muon Colliders, M. Atac (UCLA/FNAL)· 79

R. Palmer (BNL) TRANSVERSE COOLING

• Energy Loss lowers £ .L

• Coulomb Scattering Increases e .L

• At Equilibrium: 14 MeV

tJ.(Eq) - /31. 2/3vLR dE/dx

•Need: - Low Z material (H2 > Li > Be) -Low /31.

• e.g. If Material = Hydrogen/Lithium/Beryllium p = 180 MeV Cooling = 3/4 Max. ( €J. = 4 X €equ) Acceptance= 4 x rms,

()acceptance A I EJ.

=-Xi--a B ~ Eequilib

14 MeV 2r f33 LR dE/dx

:::::::: 0.35n/0.5Li/0.6Be radians

HOW TO GET LOW [31-

• Alternating solenoids

B B---

........................ /'~·············· .. ··

·~ .................. .

Solenoid Linac Hydrogen

• B must alternate to avoid Canonical Ang. Mom. buildup

• Problem is to match between reversals

2

E IQ

i

i ,!!.

i

20

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10

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r ~

.....

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-~

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O.li I ,,. •

O.li

0.11

D + I I + I +

.-. J I I / I • • i

1.0 1.li 2. 0 ..... th (m)

• ...

1.0 I.Ii a.o ..... th (m)

1.0 1.li 1.0 lencth (m)

20 ...... ln

-- 15 e [J ...... ... ... 10 "' a "'

5

o1.-~o~-1...-'-..J.._~5-1..-1...-1.....J.._1~0-1.._._--L..J.._1~5-1..-1...--L..J.._2~0-1.._lL-L-'-2~5-'

t lenath (m) \\'

w.~eot ~

~

"Cl ., ... 8 8 8 ~ ... "'

~

~ ~ .... "'

~ ., 8 ~

~

~ I 0 .... ~ ., "'

1860 .. ... 1000 ... ... ... ... """ ... - .. - • 600

8llO

Q Q 6 10 16 IO

·- tll • "" - - # ·- tll .. ... -MO

0 0 • .. .. -

1860

1000 - - ... 700 ... - - - • 600

860

0 0 6 10 10 ao

length (m) FIGURE 4. emittance YB. lencth iD 10 alternating aoleDDid cells; TOP: traDBYerse emit-tance; MIDDLE: longitudinal emittance; and BOTTOM: 6-dimenaional emittance

5

Longi ludinal Emil lance Ex change

-El -Ill -II 0 Ill

2.0

3.5 T Solenoids

1.5 In com in&

1.0

0.5

0

I I I

--~-- --- A

X BEND

I I I I I I I I

' I I l I I

' \ l \ I

B,

\ \ ' , ' , ',, ,.,,~ ... , ..,, .. ... _.., __ ...

Y LH Wedges

Y BEND

X LH Wed&es

-s 0 -

&~ c)

10.......,....,.....,~.....,..,.....,..,.....,..,,.......,..,_,..,10rmTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT"'l'TTlrTm'TTT'l"'l'TTl10m-rTTTT'TTTTTTTTTTTl.,.,.,.,rrm"TTT'lrn"M •

5

0

-5

• •

" . .

• 5

0

-5

5 •

0 x

-IS

• • 14015 016 01'70180181'.E om 1014015 016 01'7018019mo m 1014015 01601'7018 01em 0021c

mom (Me~ mom (Me~ mom (Me~

-y._ 'a M~v'fc.

+;.. 1·35 ~

Y- 4·6 t1o.V ~ :l.·6c-

COOLING SYSTEM

•Initial 6D emittance ~ 1.5 10-4 (7rm)3

•Final 6D emittance ~ 1. 7 10-10 (7rm)3

Reduction ~ 106

• 6D emittance reduction/ stage

• Typical length 20 m

• Trans Cool & Long Exch Alternate

Number of stages ~ 20 Total Length ~ 500 m Momentum ~ 180 Me V / c .,, Decay Loss ~ 36 %

• Parameters awaiting Elf- Design S V:S. E. .L

8

Scientific Arguments for a _ Higgs Factory Muon Collider

2Dll Higp Factory Meeting UCLA

February 1998

David Cline

1. Scalar Sector of the Electroweak Theory

2. The ffiggs Boson • Normal and SUSY

3. Concept of a mas Factory II Colllder

4. Recent FJectavweak Data - The 46 p• 11-Colllder.MeeUng

5. CMS LDC Observation of the mgp

· 6. Poalble Time Scale for a Hlgp Factory in the USA

9

Qu Re: ~ ~'"coe'if~ v> \;\ "~ i. o..l. \.\

+

w w

s w.\~~ -;Mt ,..A\

·~...Lt.'"

~ I

--.......~~--....,.""""'~+-:~~f=,,_,,;~~+~l...i :H T f4 F J.{ fU,.) P.,,,yv ,

I - Cf? -H- -~--~ . -. -- J::~-- ------~- -- ------ -

... ·- · ....

-- .... ,, ' / \

. H------: I + K-----\ I ' /

..... __ ,,,,

Figure 5: (a) a.ti call -divergent one- correctioa lK> the I!liggs vacuum-expectation value from a Higgs loop; (b t \U a.tic divera-ce iB ca11cel1 by a Higgsino loop in a supersymmetric theory.

u.·-tf .,.._ -Cs'f~ '~.

1ll\ ls ~\~~,. 4? !

.... l<Mr" ~"11 .,~

VS\f~!

10 2 r(H) IGeVJ

10

I

·I )0

-2 10

.. ---~---···

soo 1000

Figure 2: Total decay wi in eV and ain branching ratios BR(H) of the Standard Model Higgs decay channels, 118ing the inputs of Tab. !!.

15

~J WWI T\\f S't"D'f lfl rt IA' IJ 1 1

iii. BR(h) • • • liP = l.S • • • •

-1 • • • • 10 + - • • • •' .. -' • • • • • • • • • • • • • a,,' • • -2 -2 • • •

10 10 • • • • . . • • • •

I • I. • ... Tt • .3 _, • • lO 10

50 60 '10 IO 90 100 50 100 200 ~ lax> W.!GeV] MA[GeV]

l'ic. Sa

·I 10

' . ' . ' • •

BR(H)

rgl!=l.S

1

·I 10 'ZZ

.. ~ ~' ~:

•

~' .. ' '• .. .. ..

N.(H}

~1.5

• 1 .. .. .. ,, •. ·2 ~' ....

14 ~~~~~~~

r pndta ill die ICllar Mdllf never disco'vered. it will be en nlill to dee · ..,_ piopenila. ..a will ~ irecl illlonwioa abolll die MNre of tbe pmticle ml die undertyin& dleary. 1\ne simple a• JI I I ca be AIM: '

.. S· I I Cw a Hills-like pMicle is disco¥CNd .;di iws 110 GeV. Tliis coald .... be IM~ Modd ($M) Hius or • MSSM Higs. A __. _ol dii W1ddl of die II* w08ld pi umI1b1J 1t11 die diflcrw:&. Ho•cw«. die SM widlll is S MeV - a (ord~tNI tr I antm!

?. S U • a Higs-lib plfticle is discoveRd widl aw of 1ag o,v. 11lis is pi 1 r""'7 ~-die MSSM ......_Nii mild be a NMSSM or a SM Higs. A~ oldie widdl could presumably iaolve die ....

3. SUfJ • a Kgs-a.. ...... ol- 165 GeV is discovered. 11lis is piammbly evea beyoad die NMSSM i1IIia. If• ii • SM llrrgs. ca we len - by die Sllldy of die rww decay modes~

~ fl'\'),, .... ~ ... s-1, >) lrl~l ~It\~ - ~( -~

cl.• ,.., , • ...,~ !,~ ...

)

~ t'\'l?.. I.JM~ ~I, ~L

14(.. i~ kr Table I: Arguments for a Higgs-factoryµ+µ· collider.

- -- ------~

1. The mp\ me .ratio gives coupling 40,000 times greater to the · " -- - .,

Higgs particle. In the SUSY model, one Higgs mb < 120 GcV!! h Cft/' 1 ol."M1,,'t.

2. The low radiation of the beams makes precision energy scans possible.

3. The cost of a "custom" collider ring is a small fraction of the % . 7

µ source. . -- • 4. Feasibility report to Snowmass established that Sf - 1oJ3"."cm·2

s· 1 is feasible.

Tt ~o~, ·~ c.,.,,__.. ~ ~~J~

St.cttr- \,)el\ \w. lfvt?, .... - ...,. .. r ;-C•f\,'fw · c~ tl'1 s~~ ~ S.vlrr

IOO

400

100

/. ' . 11/

:ri~

~?----·- -~ \\, r·"~ ~,~-.

a;~ * ~s

"ioo~-~~1.-6-.....,..-......._~-~- ~~ '-t -.- J: •• • ... H.,_ - u •~of CM &op quari _ ,,,,. •ffer-1. Niuo

ef MM: ..- .\, tit .ucA - plpio ~ ape.rial &u •JIPfll"·

15

\ '

•

' .-. IDO

& -.,, .z tOO

.._ • 171 C.Y·

-.<Ms> - 0.111

~~ aot •Pow••

•

("' ~~ ~'° ~t-- -:l ~I :fl; e-tr. ~

~

··-·-· ····-··-

------- - ------- -------- -- --------- ------.;-- ·------·· -- - ----- -- .... - ·--·· -· ---- ·----·- --·------ -- ·-- ----------- - -

-----iii-"iii"-~-- --· -- -- - - -- - -- -- -

-_, -- _, -- - ---- ------ ---- - . - -

(J p ~A~ ) - "' W'"' j - I"\'" I - -~ -O''"' >k - -( -~ 0 ""' t .... C"_ '\ - I\ -J --- - -~-~-~- _------- --· -~-~~~~:~=~= -~----:_ r,,'"4"~ -~~ _s~~- --Y'tt-\.i---<9~'-iv ---~:-~~=~- -

----·-· ... --·· ----------- -·------ ----------- ·-·· ------·-· ....

- - .... --- ----·- ------------- --------- - - - - -

-------- ------- -------- ------ --- - ---------------------------

I • ' t • • · : I I • • ,

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-

Q ",,. ~ ~ ~ ("4"'4 %

~o~.,r» ~A

~ ~1'

--~-· •

Te~.,. ... V.~~ ' ~ .... c~~ \

• 1819-11195 LEP I-.- 160 pb-1 ,_ 5 ·lo' zt ... ~, ... ;:.re: s.::., scan o! the Z pea~ i". 19'"~. ~9e5

• No¥ember 1995 LEP 1.5-130-136 GeV _,. - Spb-1 /experirnent

• 1MLEP2 1e1 GeV,,. - 10 pb-l 1eiq:1e1in"M4 112 GeV ,,. - 10 pb-1 / eicperiment

• 1997 183 GeV ,,. "" 55 pb- 1 /experiment

l9IUn of 130-136 GeV =o- - 5 pb-1 I PJ* ilnll 11

om trom SLC I .,+,- on .. z,.. Up'° 1991 .... s .-1, ... .,,~up'°'°""·

om trom AW. I • ~p It 1.1 TeV. Aun IA+l8"" 110 pb- 1.

tf ~(1 ,).tn(~ f'l_~

[ L'l ,-:« ..,-f,·)'-

~1·) »ilh

18

?

EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR PARI'ICLE PHYSICS

!1tPe~& (» ~&\'

A Combination of Preliminary Electroweak Measurements and

Constraints on the Standard Model

The LEP Collaborations• ALEP' DELP,1:11, L31 Of AL, the LEP E~rowe8k jt rEDC-Oroupt- . · and the S Heavy la~ur Group*

Prepared from .Contributions of the LEP and SLD experiments to the 1997 1ummer conferences.

Thia ~ iw-ata a ecmbinatioa al publilhed and preliminary electrowealt resul&a from the four LEP eollaboratiou and the SLD colJ1hnratioo which wett pnpued for the 11197 SUJDJDer ........_. A....- IN deri-S for bldronic: and leplaaic crolHeCtioal, the leplonic forward. be<kwwd ..,..._..., tM T polariMtioD U)'UlllltUiee, the bli and cf pl1tlal widths and forward. be<kwwd ..,._,.. ud dae qll cbarge ll)'lllllletQ'. Tbe major dlupt with "'"'*' to .-ha I* :.! IMt ,_ IN •F ~11.! ,.WU al Au from SLD, and dae IDdllliaa al Ille Int 6-=t __,al Ille W - wt Uiple-pup-boloa couplinp pab 1 a& LEP. Tiie .-1&1 -comPaNd witl: .,.... tlertr-i. -&I from other exiien-. Tiie per-. al dae 51.aDdard Model IN ewlcll.!, Int ming the ecmbined LEP eiedrowtU r 1 ! II, ud tl:m uliDg the full "' al ---- ....ita.

•n.e LEP ~ wll tu. ••F ouibility for lloe ~ dlla ol IMS on...,..._. 'D. Abbueo, J. Alcaru, P. AMilopl, T. BUUe, 8. Benacci, A. Bla.clll, C. llupnl. ll. Clan, P.E.L. Clarb.

s. Oat~ M. Eloirl&. IL Fotdai, D. F-il. M.W. G-...ict, A. Gmta, K. H·- • r, J.B. a-. ILW.L. Jow. P .• J.,..., T. K.-. M. Kobel. E. '-· w. lo!tmenn c. Mlriatti, M. Mom.a, c. Mat-. M.N. Miwd, K. MODiC, P. Mollllr, A. Nippe, S. Ololanski, Clo. P-. M. l'lpe-Altanlli, S. !'Nold. 8. l'ietnJk, G. Quot, D. Reid. P. aa-, J.M . ._, ll. Sekalia, IL Tnclaiai, F. Teaber\, M.A. nm.-, J. T........-- ... , M.F. Tlirw-Ww, H. Weblera, C.P. Wud, D.IL w...i. N.K. Ww, A. Webs.

1N .• ~. E. E-. a. sm ..... D. s •.

20

'&GA"'~~ , .. ,n. -~ ,p ~ (\tf O" ..._,uT'of PRELIMINARY

20r--~~~~~~ .. ~~~~~ • LEP Average .-" ,,

· 18 Standard Model _./ _.,..,,. no Z:WW verte~.. /,... 16 .....

14 :012 Q.

....... 10 }8

6 4 2

v • exchange . .:'/' only .l./ .. ,.

.. :./ : ,1 . , ... . .. . . · ... . .. . .. ...

.. /;/ ... ... . ~ ... ... ... •• •. ... •. •.

" " "

0-----------------------------160 170 180 190 ...Js [GeV]

Fipre 5: .Tbe W·pair croa-19Ction u a function ol tbe c:eDUe ol - -O· Tbe data points are tbe LEP aftRPI. A11o lbow1l ii tbe Standard Model pndkUoa (eolid line), and for comparilon tbe cro9-leCtioD ii' tbe ZWW coupling did no& exilt (dotted liDe), or ii' ODlJ tbe t-cbannel 111 exchange <lillcr&m ........ (dubed line).

21

M~with S~ic St·ndvd ... 1b\al Error P.nor Model

o(mlJ-1 (102) 128.8911 ± 0.090 0.083 128.8911 0.0

a) 1.Ef line-shape and leploa .uymmetries: ... mz (GeV] 91.1867 ± 0.0020 . <•>0.0015 t1.186G o.o

• rz (GeV] 2.4948 ± 0.0025 <•>0.0015 2.41* -0.7 O': [Db] 41.486 ± 0.053 0.062 41.417 0.4 R, 20.775 ± 0.027 0.024 20.751 0.7 Ao.t

F8 0.01 n ± 0.0010 0.0007 o.01a o.t + c:orrela\ioD lll&trix Tab~ 8 . r polarisation: A. 0.1411 ± 0.0064 0.0040 0.1470 -0.t A. 0.1399 ± 0.0073 0.0020 0.1470 -1.0

qq charge uymmetry: 1in21!7' ((Cha)) 0.2322 ± 0.0010 0.0008 0.23152 0.7

mw (GeV] 80.48 ± 0.14 0.05 80.375 0.8

b) s..LO (88]

~ sin2~ (ALR) 0.230M ± 0.00041 0.00014 0.23152 -2.4

c) LEP and SLD Hea!2'. Flamur RI: 0.2170±0.~ 0.0007 0.2158 1.3 ~ 0.1734 ± 0.0048 0.0038 0.1723 0.2 Ao.i. 0.0984 ± 0.0024 0.0010 0.1031 -2.0 A(.~ 0.0741 ± 0.0048 0.0025 0.0736 0.1 FB .Ai. 0.900 ± 0.050 0.031 0.935 -0.7 .Ac 0.650 ± 0.058 0.029 0.668 -0.3 + correlation malrix Table 18

d) pPand vN mw (GeV] (pP lf']) 80.41±0.09 0.07 80.375 0.4 1-~/ml (vN ~'7]) 0.2254 ± 0.0037 0.0023 0.2231 0.f "" IGeV] (Jiii ft8-100]l 175.S ± 5.5 4.2 173.1 0.4

'Iable 29: Summary ol ~ included in the combined ualyaia or Standard Model param-$!ra. Section a) llllDID&ri9el LEP a-.enga. Section b) SLD -ultl (ain2'.f iDcludee ALR and the polariaed leptoa uymmetriel), Section c) the LEP and SLD heavy llavour -ultl and Section d) electroweak measurementl from Jiii colliden and vN scattering; The total erron in column 2 include llle l)'ltematic erron lil\ed in c:olUJDD 3. The determination or the systematic pa.rt of each error is approximate. The Standard Model -u1t1 in column 4 and the pulls (difrerence between measurement and fit in unitl or tbe total measurement error) iD column 5 are derived from tbe Standard Model fit including all data (Table 30, column 4) with the Higa maa treated u a free parameter. <•lTbe systematic erron on mz and rz contain the erron arising &om the uncertainties in the LEP energy

'aaly.

LEP iDdudiac an da&a miep& an da&a

LEP·D mw m.: ud mw .... . .

"" (GeVJ 159+14 15~10 173.1 :l: 6.4

-*ff -II -· ~

ma [GeVJ 13+1• 41~ 115~· ~1 -· log(ma/GeV) i.n=::: 162+o.41 · -UI 2.0I~ -a,(mll 0.121 :l: 0.003 0.120 :l: 0.003 0.120 :t 0.003

,C/d.o.f. 8/9 14/12 17/H . 2n-l1D .. 0.23188 :l: 0.00026 0.23U3 :t 0.00023 0.231112 :t 0.00022

1-m~/ml 0.224& :l: O.<m8 0.2240 :t O.OOOI 0.2231 :t o.ooos mw (GeV) 80.298 :t 0.043 80.329 :I; 0.041 80.375 :l: 0.030

'IabR 30: Results of the &ta to LEP d&&a alone, to all da&a except the direct deUrmination.s or m, ud mw (Tevatron and LEP·ll) and &o an da&a including tbe top quark 111U11 determination. >.. the wuitivity to me ii logarithmic, both ma u well u log(me/GeV) are quoted. The bottom p&rt or the w,ae mu derived results for ain2f!T, 1 - ml/ml and mw. See ten for a diaculsion or theoretical wnn llld included in the errors abooie.

23

6

. 4

2

Excluded

Preliminary

10 102

mH [GeV] Figure 13: ti.x2 = x2 - x2- 111. ma curve. The line ii the result or the &t using all data (last column of Table 30); the band lepl'elll!D\8 AD estimate or the theoretic:al error due to missing higher order conectiooa. The wnical band •hows the 95% CL exclusion limit on ma from the direct search.

' / 24 ..0-

FMC Higgs Physics MSSM: 5 Higgs bosons h0, II', A0, ff'- "&:

lightest MSSM Higgs boson ,~~ m,, ~ 125 Ge v r.~ '\. <'"

"~~~Y~ro~·

Global EW analyses

fjtrr., ?SJ t« (1997)

-. ~ 122!~~<:ev __j_

•' M (OeV) a

Smoking gun for SUSY Higgs

Ge 's: • precisely ootlermine Higgs mass, wi~l:it. and 81Fs • d~ffeTemtialle ~SM frOOJl ~ • fi·Ad and sttdy H", A0

25

Are we sure the Hlggt'li· 'Dgltr I

frt to all electroweak data

• standMI• Me • 11s :u• o.v

........ Sl.ACA£R rneuurement ., - h Ste. MH • ZlO =~= 0.V .\-fK~ 715GeV 95"11.d '])~.

r__;;.-, • r,w-

• CONCLUSIONS:

best estimate tor M H is relatively light

but data net tufty ccmpatlble, so some caution l

·(-- ~ Dec. 1997

26

~··J ~~

~ ~\&)'·'~ . ..,. .. - - - . (A('~

i) &fgs~w (t.L~)·lintM.dl1 ... ~,. ... .. ~,,,(,.,AV/ { :.l:' .. I .

. (Aw ... '*"' & t ? • Pr«islMI E/!I 1a~., ~Arw .. tg'I 1V! <6. ~) ~

(.w&W.it} mN t ••vl (.....,._,) ,,., .. LEPZ .. MAY ,Niii. .. R•AY ''°'·~) &llS'I .. ~$'I.JO (.-.JAV

1M1ts ~JV ~-JI r•w ~-A~~ .41 I, A, N-; 1J ~A..1M

s. 2:f ~-J'.,_,

${q4t/fntl MJ #~ . EllMra ~·MA>V /1'~.1Mtt'1 ~,h,41U0_,.1 J.111.MIJ-10)

~So-'°°°

II • ,1 cc t-F ~ <•1116> N.io llO ~- }E= ~ fe•i6l uzo ~16 9f/S t. ~u• 111.w ~4.11

&!M tUM ... .J,,-s/ i' flml (3'.~nto1r)

27

' -

Q "ft> MM c.l• l!Al4W '"n a a

~ f((s f)(P.I\ n FU,_,"fC. h~ srt&r ctttstc•o oP

t.., . ~ &It ll~

_ ,,oo1: ~;ti ................. Tf" z. • IA•-'

,,. " J .... .,..°3 ''''~ 11" <. • rf A.11 "-' IM Jf _, .-._-. 10C"'"

~ Ff!M • " 'hscn• *• <. ta• .,., . "'~0tl(GP

~) LHt )tl~· 11. J..F w -hi .1 aw~ ~ -•""' ~- ~

28

• estimate ftnll errors Iran l.EP 1 ~ z ..._,.,.... _ flnll

IOITle lmc1nw1m111ta tllplCtld In T polariSalion

wld heavy llawur reeulll

•tor SLD assume 6 sin2~ ..... 00025 (from .00041)

• assume 6Mw -+ 30 MeV (LEP2 + Tevatron) ~~.

(present llTOI' 76 MeV)

• usume 6M, -+ 3 GeV (from 5.5 GeV)

• all quantities at SM valwa lor JI, • 175 GeV. o, • 0.120

Stand. assump.

6Mw ·20MeV

6 sin2B1:/' {AL.R)

•0.00015

6M, •0.5GeV

do- 1 • O.OQ

Pete Renton

MH ~()() GeV • 300 GeV • 500 GeV

300+122 -n 500+199 -143

300+lOI -83 500+1T~ -131

300+111 -83

500+112 -134

+90 500+lt6 300_71 -114 300+141

-101 500+229 -u•

Dec. 1997

I

I \ I I

I 1 •

l • l

to

•

w I l.l L." c. - c ~) J ~"1""' ~l~CI'~ 'PE Ltet1i ,.,,,.,\

I

too .• .• ,. fflll PSIS (M)

1 ne cry:>ldt ca1or1me\c1 '"-as d:>:>ume~ tu n•' t ct.n ene-rg) rt-.o&i..ltOft g1ve-n oy AE/E = 2"fo/ ,ff. $ O.S"fo $ 0.200/E in the barttl and 6£/E • 5%/ ,ff. e Q.5't'oe 0.2!00/E ill lftt tndcap. whne there is • preshower detector. At high' luminosity, a barrel pre-shower de'*'"' coven t 11 I c U. RSUlting in a resolution of 6E/E • 5"fo/ ,ff. e O.S'X.e 0.200/E and an ability to measure the~ d · · teSOlullon l!>a = 40 mrad/ ,ff. in this region. For more dewls concerning both the and the breakdown of the mass resolution, see Sect. 4.1.

11w background to the H -o Tt signal may be divided into thrtt ca • prompt diphoton production from quark annihilation and gluon

irreducible background, ,. • prompt diphoton production from significant higher-order diagrams - pri..,.rily bttmsstrah}ung

from the outgoing quark line in the QCD Compton diagram. • background from jets, where an electromagnetic energy deposit originates from the decay ol "' neutral hlldrons in a jet cw from 1 jet + I prompt photon. 11w prompt diphoton background was generated using CTEQ2L structure functions in PYTHIA. For

the bttmsstrahlung background, a previous PYTHIA calculation for ..fS • 16 TeV, """r • 150 GeV, and HMRSll structure functions, was rescaled to take - ol the nrw parameters. 11w RSUltiric crou-sectians are giwn in Table 12.1. It i5 usu~ that tt. jet bacqround i5 redunocl to an insipilicant level (< lll'!I.) by the COlllN oalioo 1 o# iso&atioft alld r' ltja:liwi aib.

figllft 12.3 show1 a~ t.o phk•I\ effodiw lNSI plot for a 1imulated single nperiment, for an inlrgraled ......._., ol lo' pti-1 (t.Vai al hip luminosity) with signals at mH • 90, 110. ))() and 150 v. . . .

~ l ...

llO 100 120 140 rn,. (GeV)

. 12.3: Background-subtracted 2y1NS1 plot for 10S pb-1 with signals at mH • 90, 110, llO and

150GeV. in the PbW04cal""-.

01 N 1.1-3?

llO 100 120 140 rn,. (Ge¥)

Figures 12.5 and 12.6 show contoun giving the ~ times branching ratio required to give specified signal signilicances{Ns I ~N1 ). as a function ol mass. 11w significances were calculated by counting events within a mass window of optimum width, corresponding to the width containing about 75'%. of the sigNI- Alter a single year of running at 1034 cm-2s-I (Id! r,-1, Fig. 12.5), an SM Higgs could be discovered across the lull range 85 to ISO GeV. Alter only 3 x 104 pb- (fig. 12.6), taken at low luminosity, an SM Higgs could be discovered between 95 and ISO GeV.

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PHYSICAL Rt:VltW D VOl.llMt: 15, l'IUlllDER 1

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L,_• ,_._...., ef ,,.,.,.._ H•-rcl tl•l,.nl1y. Cambrld,.. U-01r111 011 JI (Received 20 A•fUll 1976)

I APlllL 1917

We explore tM cor1 B" nteft of the wu-.,rt• thal the direct and tnd_,., weal: ftfttral cunt:1tt1 ht an SU(21® U(ll - ,_,, ,,_ oll -•k llo•an •••••ally, i.e., for oll ,..._ .,r the p11rometcn or the 1"-J. Thia ....... tllol Ill -b or 1 ....... char,. and ... !icily "'"" have tloo - vol- ol weal T1 and T'. troll_.. .... - .. +213 °' -113 th< only occertable •'-'* - tit< ·..-ro1" llllCI "pure vec:1or•• ....... • thdr ,e:Mrlliutk>M to li11. (M' moft quark1. In mddition. then an wvwe con11r1int1 on Utt :a ol H. ~ ,.Mc• •Pl"'milly cannot ho tatillled in l;j" vect"' -·••· Ai llAI COiilidlr rite 1a1 ::a ca: mu ca:s :c u et £1 Mi c::z::::. :a:a:u: a:c::.Q&rt .-1o11hi. ..... ii detrcribed. Tiie ~I COftleqMence1 of charm noncomerqtiofl hi dinet ., incttlCllll amtnif nnents are found lo be ...,ite dro1Mtic.

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- 2003: Stan construction of µ:t source. J m C.11 C "-"

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• a

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Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance studies

At The First Muon Collider*

Zohreh Parsa

Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973

For the "2nd Mini - Workshop on Higgs Factory" UCLA Faculty Center, Los Angelas, California

Februatry 112-13, 1997

Abstract. The results of our Higgs resonance studies at the first Muon collider for the on-resonance goal of Lave ~ 5 x 1030cm-2 and Lave ~ 5 x 1031cm-2 is given. Our analysis indicates that Lave '.::= 5 x 1030cm-2 is too low and at least an additional order of magnitude increase in luminosity is needed. We investigated [4, 7] the effect of beam polarization on Higgs resonance signals and backgrounds (bb, TT, cc), an-gular distributions (forward-backward charge asymmetries) and the resulting effective enhancement of the Higgs signal relative to the background, as well as the reduction in scan time required for Higgs "discovery".

•If the Higgs boson has a mass ;S 160 GeV (i.e. below the w+w-decay threshold), it will have a very narrow width and can be resonantly studied in the s-channel via µ-µ+ --+ H production at the First Muon Collider (FMC) [1,2]. A strategy for "light" Higgs physics studies would be to first find the Higgs particle at LEPII, the Tevatron, or the LHC and then thoroughly scrutinize

-l Supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract number DE-AC02-76CH00016.

39

its properties on resonance at the FMC. There, one would hope to precisely determine the Higgs mass, width, and primary decay rates [3].

•The FMC Higgs resonance program would entail two stages: 1) "Discovery" via an energy scan which pinpoints the precise res-onance position and (perhaps) determines its width. Since pre-FMC efforts may only determine the Higgs mass to ~ ±0.2-1 GeV and its width is expected to be narrow 0(1~ 30 MeV) for mH ;S 160 GeV, the resonance scan may be very time consum-ing [3]. 2) Precision measurements of the primary Higgs decay modes. Deviations from standard model expectations could point to additional Higgs structure or elucidate the framework of su-persymmetry [3].

• The Higgs resonance "discovery" capability and scan time will depend on N s / VNB (the scan time is proportional to NB/ N'j;), where Ns is the Higgs signal and NB is the expected background. The precision measurement sensitivity will be determined by Ns/VNB + Ns. For both, it will be extremely important to en-hance the signal and suppress backgrounds as much as possible. To that end, one should employ highly resolvedµ+µ- beams with a very small energy spread. The proposed /::;.E / E ~ 3 x 10-5 is well matched to the narrow Higgs width. It allows Ns/NB ~ 0(1) for the primary H -+ bb mode (see Table 1 and 2). Unfortu-nately, high resolution is accompanied by luminosity loss. The original on-resonance goal of Lave ~ 5 x 1030cm-2s-1 is too low. Hence, we have assumed in Table 2 and throughout this paper that an additional order of magnitude increase in luminosity to 5x1031cm-2s-1 is attainable while maintaining outstanding beam resolution.

• For example, a factor of 10 increase in Luminosity (Table 2) re-duces the running (scan) time by factor 10 less. Thus instead of a "3 year" running time, it will be reduced to (i30 year) over "3 months" .

40

Z. Parsa - Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance studies at the FMC

•Expectations for mH = 110 GeV are illustrated in Table 1 for luminosity Lave ~ 5 x 1030cm-2s-1 and in Table 2 for luminosity Lave ~ 5 X 1031cm-2s-1 .

TABLE 1. Expected signals and backgrounds (fully in-tegrated) for a standard model Higgs with mH = 110 GeV, rH ~ 3 MeV. Muon collider resonance condi-tions with no polarization, l:lE / E ~ 3 x 10-5, and L = 0.05 fb- 1 are assumed. The total number of Higgs scalars produced is ~ 3000. Realistic efficiency and acceptance cuts are likely to dilute signal and backgrounds for bb and cc by a 0.5 factor. H-> Ns (events) NB (events) ±,,/Ns + NB/Ns

bb 2400 2520 ±0.03

cc 120

2416 ±0.42

rf

270 945

±0.13

TABLE 2. Expected signals and backgrounds (fully in-tegrated) for a standard model Higgs with mH = 110 GeV, rH ~ 3 MeV. Muon collider resonance condi-tions with no polarization, l:lE / E ~ 3 x 10-5, and L = 0.5 fb- 1 are assumed. The total number of Higgs scalars produced is ~ 30, 000. Realistic efficiency and acceptance cuts are likely to dilute signal and back-grounds for bb and cc by a 0.5 factor. H-> Ns (events) NB (events) ±JNs+NB/Ns

bb 24,000 25,200 ±0.009

cc 1,200 24, 160 ±0.13

rf

2, 700 9,450 ±0.04

• In these tables cc branching ratios have been reduced compared to those given previously [4,7]. The values given here assume smaller charm quark mass. The prediction is quite sensitive to the mass value assumed. The selection of the energy and luminosity depends on 1) the reduced scan time to normal time needed, and 2) to improve precision to do physics. For example, to measure cc, a factor of 10 increase in luminosity results in the improvement from 42%,

41

0.8

0.6

0.4

"' "" <x:: 0.2

0.0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8 80 100 120 140

JS (GeV)

FIGURE 1- Forward-backward asymmetry for µ-µ+ -+ ff.

(Table 1) to about 13% (Table 2)-0ther decays such as WW* and Z Z* are very small for this mass regions and to measure them need to improve precision. The parameter ±.JNs + Ns/Ns in Tables 1 and 2 was included for convenient. Further note, the values listed in Tables 1 and 2 should be reduced by -Tz to include the effect of acceptance.

• Here we describe additional ways of potentially enhancing the Higgs signal to background ratio. The Higgs signal µ-µ+ -+ H-+ ff results from left-left (LL) or right-right (RR) beam po-larizations and leads to an isotropic (i.e. constant) ff signal in cos(} (the angle between theµ- and f). Standard model back-grounds µ-µ+ -+ 'Y* or Z* -+ ff result from LR or RL initial state polarizations .and give rise to (1 + cos2 (} + ~AFB cos(}) an-gular distributions. Similar statements apply to WW* and Z Z* final states, but those modes will not be discussed here.

•To illustrate the difference between signal, µ-µ+ -+ H -+ ff,

42

Z. Parsa - Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance studies at the FMC

and background, µ-µ+ --+ 1* or Z* --+ f J, we give the combined differential production rate with respect to x = cos e = 4pµ- ·pr/ s for polarized muon beams and fixed luminosity

dN(µ-~+--+ ff)= ~Ns(l + P+P-) (1) x 2

+ ~NB[l - P+P- + (P+ - P_)ALR](l + x 2 + ~xAeJJ)· P+(P-) is theµ+(µ-) polarization with P = -1 pure left-handed, P = + 1 pure right handed, and P = 0 unpolarized. Ns is the fully integrated ( -1 < x < 1) Higgs signal and NB the integrated background for the case of unpolarized beams, P+ = P_ = 0. In that general expression,

A _ CYLR-+LR + CYLR-+RL - CYRL-+RL - CYRL-+LR

LR= , CYLR-+LR + CYLR-+RL + CYRL-+RL + CYRL-+LR

(2)

where, for example, LR --+ LR stands for µ£µ~ --+ fLfR· effective forward-backward asymmetry is given by

The

A _ AFB+ PejJAfR

eff -1 + PejfALR '

(3)

with P+ -P_

Peff = 1 - P+P-' (4) AFB = ~ O'LR-+LR + O'RL-+RL - CYLR-+RL - CYRL-+LR' (5)

4 CYLR-+LR + CYRL-+RL + O'LR-+RL + O'RL-+LR Af~ = 3 CYLR-+LR + CYRL-+LR - O'LR-+RL - O'RL-+RL (6)

4 CYLR-+LR + CYRL-+LR + CYLR-+RL + CYRL-+RL

and the µi µj --+ fi' fi·, cross sections ( i i- j) are to lowest order

( ~') [ s ( (T3µi-Qµsin2Bw)(T31,,-Q1sin2Bw))]2

CYij-+i'j' = JVC ao 1 - -2 1 + Q Q . 2 ll 2 ll , m z µ f sm uw cos vw

T3µL = T3TL = T3bL = -T3CL = -1/2, (7) 3

T3fR = 0, Qµ =QT= 3Qb = -2Qc = -1 (Ne= 3 for f = b,c).

43

b

0.4 c

"' ..J 0.2 <l'.'.

0.0

-0.2

-0.4 80 100 120 140

.SS (GeV)

FIGURE 2. Left-right asymmetry forµ-µ+-+ ff.

Realistic cuts, efficiencies, systematic errors etc, will not be con-sidered. They are likely to dilute the bb and cc event rates by a factor of 0.5. In addition, we ignore the radiative Z production tail under the assumption such events are vetoed.

•The (unpolarized) forward-backward asymmetries are illustrated in Fig. 1. Note that AFB is large (near maximal) for TT and cc in the region of interest. As we shall see, that feature can help in discriminating signal from background.

• In principle, large polarization in both beams can be important for enhancing "discovery" and precision measurement sensitivity for the Higgs. From Eq. (1), we find for fixed luminosity that N s / ..JNB is enhanced (for integrated signal and background) by the factor

KpoJ= V ' 1- P+P- + (P+ - P_)ALR (8)

where the ALR are shown in Fig. 2. That result generalizes the

44

Z. Parsa - Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance studies at the FMC

P+ = P_ case [5). For natural beam polarization [1), P+ = P_ = 0.2 (assuming spin rotation of one beam), the enhancement factor is only 1.06. For larger polarization, P+ = P_ = 0.5, one obtains a 1.44 enhancement factor (statistically equivalent to about a fac-tor of 2 luminosity increase). Similarly, P+ = p_ = 0.7 leads to a factor of 2 enhancement or equivalently a factor of 4 scan time reduction. Unfortunately, obtaining even 0.5 polarization simply by muon energy cuts reduces each beam intensity [1) by a factor of 1/4, resulting in a luminosity reduction by 1/16. Such a trade-off is clearly unacceptable, Polarization will be a useful tool in Higgs resonance "discovery" and studies only if high polarization is achievable with little luminosity loss. Ideas for increasing the polarization are still being explored [1,6]. Tau final state polariza-tions can also be used to help improve the H --t Tf measurement.

• Some "discovery" or sensitivity enhancement can also be obtained from angular discrimination. A proper study would include de-tector acceptance cuts and maximum likelihood fits. Here, we wish to only approximate the gain. For that purpose, we assume perfect (infinitesimal) binning and obtain a (maximal) measure-ment sensitivity enhancement factor

1 [ dx ] 1

/2

'2(1 + P+P-)JNs +NB f dN/dx , (9)

which becomes, from Equations (1) and (8),

(10)

• In the case of "discovery", high polarization and/ or a near max-imal forward-backward asymmetry can significantly reduce the scan time. Additional analysis and detail will be given in [7].

45

Conclusion

We conclude that .Cave c:;: 5 x 1030cm-2 is too low and at least an additional order of magnitude increase in luminosity is needed for the Higgs resonance studies at the First Muon Collider. A factor of 10 in luminosity reduces the scan time by a factor of 10 and increases the resolution by about a factor of 3. The choice of energy and luminosity depends on 1) the scan time needed and 2) how precise a measurement is needed to do physics. For example, to measure cc, a factor of_lO increase in luminosity provides the improvement from 42% , (Table 1) to about 13% (Table 2), and reduces the scan time from 3 years to over 3 months. Other decays such as WW* and Z Z* are very small for this mass regions and to measure them need to improve precision, thus the need for increase in Luminosity, etc.

We have shown that polarization is potentially useful for Higgs resonance studies, but only if the accompanying luminosity re-duction is not significant. Large forward-backward asymmetries can also be used to enhance the Higgs "discovery" signal or im-prove precision measurements, particularly for rf. However, to make the s-channel Higgs "factory" a compelling facility, we must attain a very good beam resolution and the highest luminosity possible. An additional "discovery" or sensitivity enhancement can be obtained from angular discrimination. For additional dis-cussion see [7].

REFERENCES

1. Muon Collider Feasibility Study, BNL Report BNL-52503 (1996). 2. Cline, D., "The Problems and Physics Prospects for a µ+ µ- Collider", in Future

High Energy Colliders, edited by Z. Parsa, AIP Conference Proceedings 397, 1997, pp. 203-218.

3. Barger, V., Berger, M.S., Gunion, J.F., and Han, T., "The Physics Capabilities of µ+µ- Colliders'', in Future High Energy Colliders, edited by Z. Parsa, AIP Conference Proceedings 397, 1997, pp. 219-233; Phys. Rep. 286, 1-51 (1997); Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1462-1465 (1995).

46

Z. Parsa - Luminosity Requirement for Higgs Resonance studies at the FMC

4. Kamal, B., Marciano, W., Parsa, Z., BNL Report BNL-65193 (1997), hep-ph/9712270.

5. Parsa, z., µ,+ µ,- Collider and Physics Possibilities (1993) (unpublished). 6. Skrinsky, A., Presentation, Dec 1997. 7. Kamal, B., Marciano, W., Parsa, Z., to be published.

47

HIGGS FACTORY COLLIDER RING LATTICE STUDIES

Al Garren

MUMU97

December 11, 1997

Designs for a 50 GeV coltider ring lattice are progressing well, but have not yet converged.

This talk, and the next ones by Carol Johnstones and Bill Ng, are about the current s~atus of this work - which has been done mainly by Carol, Dejan Trbojevic and myself.

We have had essential help and input f.rom:

Weishi Wan - tracking runs with COSY

A. Drozdin - designs for halo scraping and injection

I. Stumer and N. Mokhov - shielding studies and designs

Bill Ng and Ernest Courant for lattice contributions

Juan Gallardo and Martin Berz for helpful! advice

48

Two lattices

Currently there are two lattice designs, one by Trbojevic and one by Johnstone and myseH. For this talk, I will designate them by authors initials = T for Trbojevic's and JG for Johnstone-Garren's .

• These rings have both similarities and differences:

Both use the same approach for sextupole correction ..

The designs of the Interaction Region, which contains the collision point (IP) and the low-beta quadrupoles, are similar but not identical.

The designs of the Chromatic Correction Section are also similar.

The modufes that provide bending and give the ring zero momentum compaction are different m both design and number.

The matching sections between the regions differ.

The JG lattice contains a long strafgl'lt section for scraping and k'ljection, has zero momentum compaction the ring closes geometrically.

The T lattice is incomplete; therefor it does not close and has no provision for injection and scraping.

The T lattice has more arc modules, which give it more tuning range and possibly larger dynamic aperture.

49

The JG lattlce

I will give an overview of the lattice. In the next talk. more of the design and performance, especially of the interaction regioo and chromatic correction section will be given. ·

The onty symmetry in this ring is bilateral reflection. The first three figures show a beta fll'ldion plot of 1he ful and hal rings and a purely lattice schematic that shows the sbc component parts of each haH ring.

Foffowing these are six plots of each lattice component.

50

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50 Ge V Lattice Studies

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61

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65

"MAD" Veroion: 8.17 Run: 11/02/98 12.53.53

Linear lattice tunction• toe beam line: ~ING 11&n11e: U/H

deltalpl/p • 0.000000 •ynwn • p P"ll• 1

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~--~.

ELEMENT SEQUENCE I H 0 R I Z 0 N T A L I V E R T I C A L

pos. element occ. dist I betax alfax mux x(co) px(co) Ox Dpx I betay alfay muy ylco) py(co) Dy Dpy

Ill no. name

begin RING

end RING

total length

delta Isl

alfa

gamma(trl

~

no.

• =

=

[ml I

l 0.000

1 258.183

258.183281

0.000000

(ml (ll (2pil (nnl [ .0011 !ml ( l l I

0.0,0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

o.o,o 0.000 4.335 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Qx 4.334774

mm Qx' = -71. 0930"

0. 311073E-Ol betaxlmax) = 1331.,06875

5.669815 Dx(maxl • 3. 625188

Dx(r.m.a.) • 2.192494

xco{max) • 0.000000

xco (r .m.s.) 0.000000

(ml Ill (2pil (111111 (.0011 [ml

0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.040 0.000 3.372 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Qy • 3.371945

Qy' • -84 .262402

betay(maxl • 1651.124623

Dy(maxl • 0.000000

Dylr.a.o.) • 0.000000

yco(aaxl • 0.000000

yco(r .m.a.) • 0.000000

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Survey of beam line: RING

ELEMENT

pos. element occ.

no. name no.

begin KING

end !'.ING

1

1

SEQUENCE

swn(L) arc

[m) [ml

0.000000

258 .183281

0.000000

258.215961

I

I

I

x

P 0 S I T I 0 N S

y

!ml

0.000000

-7.501954

[m)

0.000000

0.000000

•MAD• Ver•ion: 8.17

ranee' ts/ta

• [m)

0.000000

16. 13'8'1

I

I

I

theta

[rad)

0.000000

-6.545659

Run' ll/02/98 l2.53.5l

A 11 0 L ! S

phi

(rad)

0.000000

0.000000

page

pai

(rad)

1

0.000000

0.000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------------~---------------------------------------------------

total length = error(x)

error(theta) =

258.183281

-0.750195E+Ol

-0.262474E+OO

arc length •

error(y)

error(phi)

=

258.215961

O.OOOOOOE+OO

O.OOOOOOE+OO

error(z)

error (psi)

• •

0.568349E+02

O.OOOOOOE+OO

--------------------------·-------------------------------------------------------------------~-----------------------------------

-E ::1..

~ ~ g .... -

14.0

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

Tracking Results by the "COSY"-tracking Code 50 GeV Muon Collider - 320 m Long Storage Ring

•·········• Minimum Aperture in all directions

o.o--~_.__..__..._....__~~~~~_._~___.~~~_,_~~.......::!1--_.___J

-1.0 -0.5 0.0 dE/E (0/o)

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69

:300 -vn

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-1.5

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0.0 -2.5 0.0 20. 40. 60. 80. 100. 120. 140. 160.

6,,.P,c = 0. s (m)

Table no me = TWISS

70

Linear lattice functions for beam line: RING

delta(pl/p = 0.000000 synun = F

ELEMENT SEQUENCE I H 0 R I Z 0 N T A L I

poa. element occ. dist I betax alfax mux x(co) px(co) Dx Dpx I

no. name no. [m) I [ml [ 1) !2pi J !mmJ [. 001 J [ml [1) I

begin RING 1 0.000 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

end RING 1 277.791 0.040 0.000 5.630 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

total length = 277. 790814 Qx 5.629717

delta(s) 0.000000 mm Qx' = 0.378107

al fa 0.254724E-02 betax(max) = 1379 .165360

gamma(trl 19. 813680 Dx(max) 3.625123 --J - Dxlr.m.s. l • 1. 684661

xco(max) • 0.000000

xco(r.m.s.) 0.000000

"MAD" Version: 8.17 Run, 11/02/98 13.02.25

Range: IS/ IE

page 1

V E R T I C A L

betay alfay muy y(co) py(col Dy Dpy

[ 1) [ml [ 11 [2pi] [mm] [ .0011 [ml

0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.040 0.000 4.628 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Qy = 4.628156

Qy' -0.434743

betay(max) = 1608.697409

Dy(max) • 0.000000

Oy(r.m.a.) 0.000000

yco(max) • 0.000000

yco(r.m.s.) 0.000000

Survey of beam line: RING

pos.

no.

ELEMENT

element occ.

name no.

begin RING

end RING

total length a

error(x) • error (theta) ::::

1

1

SEQUENCE

sum(L) arc

(m) (ml

0.000000 0.000000

I

I

I

x

(ml

P 0 S I T I 0 N S

y

(m]

277.790814 277.842969

0.000000

-16.474205

0.000000

0.000000

277. 790814

-0.1647421!+02

-0.4673481!+00

arc length

error(y)

error (phi)

277. 842969

0.000000E+OO

O.OOOOOOE+OO

z

(ml

"MAD" Version: 8.17

range: IS/IE

I

I

I

theta

(rad)

0.000000

69.212888

0.000000

-6.750533

error(z)

error(psi)

=

Run' ll/02/98 13.02.25

A N G L E S

phi

(rad)

0.000000

0.000000

0.6921291!+02

O.OOOOOOE+OO

page

psi

(rad)

l

0.000000

0.000000

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(1'1·~) (6,~.~~)

73

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74

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• N"111 tools:

W. Wan (FNAL) Feb 12-13, 1998

- C.,OSY vl.1J l 1.- /o fiwtt~ 1M'f~)

- r\W tAL TR~ SPA~C. ( J. -t.·-., f ... te.r)

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78

Feb.12. 1998

M.Atac.FNAlJUCL A

DETECTOR CONCEPTS OF HIGH LUMINOSITY MUON COLLIDERS

OUTLINE -------·---·

GENERAL PURPOSE STRA WMAN DETECTOR CONCEPTS

a. VERTEX TRACKING

b. IN~ER TRACKING

c. OUTER TRACKING

d. EM AND HADRON CALORIMETERS

e. MUON CHAMBERS

79

Uses a MMl!w4uit ....... stiietlli119 ~.watiot!l lllam title GEANT -=

-J'.":O

-- -------~~-- s::o--------- ~--- - ·-------- -- -----~

,I I '

I I

. . ~

.• 1 . -:·; :11,";. 50 aperture · ...

. . , ... -- 40 colllmators/drlfts • • Four 15 m Dipoles (8.5T)

80

I Background List I • Decay Backgrounds:

Two detailed complementary calculations have been performed: GEANT calculation (I. Stumer, BNL), MARS calculation (N. Mokhov, FNAL). The assumed final focus system and shielding configurations· assumed for the two calculations are similar in general, but the details are very different.

Both the GEANT and MARS calculations track all particles through the final focus and 2 Tesla detector solenoidal fields and fully simulate:

Electron showers Synchrotron radiation

Photonuclear Interactions

Bethe-Heltler muon pair production

•Beam Halo: Beam halo model and beam scraping design being developed, but no results yet.

• Beam-Beam Interactions: Believed to be small compared with other backgrounds

81

IHit Density in a Vertex Detector!

e Consider a layer of Silicon at a radius of 10 cm. The GEANT results for the radial particle fluxes per crossing yield:

750 photons/cm2 -> 2.3 · Hits/cm2

11 O neutrons/cm2 -> 0.1 Hits/cm2

1.3 charged tracks/cm2 -> 1.3 Hits/cm2

TOTAL 3.7 Hits/cm2

• -> 0.4°/o occupancy in 300 x 300 µm2 pixels.

• The corresponding numbers at 5cm radius are 13.2 Hits/cm2 -> 1.3°/o occupancy.

• This doesnt sound too bad. For. comparison, SLD has about 40 Hits/cm2 on the inner layer of their CCD detector.

82

I Radiation Dose in Silicon Vertex Detector I

• Consider a silicon layer at a radius of 10 cm.

•

The dose due to non-ionizing energy loss can be calculated from the MARS or GEANT results (which give consistent.results) taking into account particle type, energy spectra, and fluxes.

<!>NIEL = <l>p + <1>7t + 0.5<1>µ + O.l<l>e +

+ <l>n > 0.1 MeV + O.Ol <l>y

-> ~ = 240 per cm2 per crossing . NIEL

MARS predictions for 1 year (= 107 secs) of operation:

2 x 2 TeV muon collider

LHC at 1034 cm-2s-1(CMS)

83

7 >(. 1013 cm2

8 x '1013 cnf

104

103 a •

102

- 101

f 10° l I 10·'

10~ --I 10-3

10-4

104

104 .... 0

2x2 TeV mu+mu- detector (z=O) MAAS March 19, 1997

• • neutrons l l o ch+· I A A 8+- ' j • •photons , •--•muons

, 6 . '

\ . - -. - - - - - - ~

.. ---- -1 0 -0 0

0 - ~ • ·---'-- -·-~---..__-----~- .__i__ -

200 400 Radius (cm}

84

600

I First Muon Collider I • Some GEANT work has been done to calculate backgrounds at

a lower enerhy muon collider-> 250 x 250 GeV. This was before the recent improvements to the final focus which led to an order of magnitude reduction in backgrounds:

250 x 250 GeV -> 1.5 x 106 decays I m

en 10 5 ---.-,-,-,-,,,r--!~~~~~~~.--T-"T"TT-r1 c (/) (/)

e 10 3 . u

.......... N

E < 10 ' (/) CV u -1

:.;::; 1 0 ~

0 Q_

-3 10

-5 10

!J

.. .. •••

I neutrons

o electrons photons

/\ 01\[Jl\

0 0 0 0

O protons 11 /\

/\ p1ons r1 l 1

muons 11

J -- j_J. __ J -l_LLL __ --- _J --- L l .L_I L.LJ L ___ J __ I ___ j__J__I I l j I -

10 1 o2 1 o3

r(cm)

• These background fluxes are comparable to those Computed for a 2 x 2 TeV colllder •••. so we anticipate that the backgrounds at a lower energy machine will be similar to those at the 2 x 2 TeV machine .... EXCEPT the Bethe-Heltler muon background which is-much better. A more detailed calculation is being done at BNL.

85

LCM I QUAD

IAM[L DI i.<: SC - SOL[NOID

1 . ~ T

POLY-BORON

DRIF'T CHNIBERS

SiC-STRIP TRACKER HR-SiC PIXELS VERTEX TRACKER

CMS Compact Muon Solenoidal Detector tor LHC

LHCAtj

1otal welQht : 12,SOOt overall dlilmeter: 15.00m overall length : 21.&0m Magnetic fteld : 4 T"la

SUl'ERCONOUCT!NG -1\

COIL ,

7-

,.) x

E E E E E E "' <> "' "' ~ <> ~~ :2 ~ "' "! ~ ...... .,; .. .., N

I I '

6.71 m

E <> ~ -

E E <>

~ -"l - <>

OOOOm

' /,t '. !f : ' '' ;e3 f-'a- 3.00 m

4-'.;..'-s.&Om ii

--'----~--- 7.21 m I '; --=-· ___,__ ::- / / a.« m ;:,-----9.67 m

10~m~-====-~--~ I I I '

10.60 m

11.10 m

~ I E • I

I

"": I N n

"" 88

C! .., ' • ::- , E N -"!

I

I I "' ! ' ~ 14.10m I

•• > .! I

The Higgs ~ ZZ ~ 4 Lepton Search will Yield a 5 o

Resonant Signal in 1 year at LHC Design Luminosity

H ~zz~41 1

E-1e > 20. 15, 10. 10 G~V: !118 1<2 5

p,l1>20, 10.5.5GeV, 111111<24

-...aa.v .... -n...-.. ..... , ... .,._

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H-zr, zz-4~

Sl!Jllnmnoo 0111 ... zr. zz,..4,(± sl!J18I 22 qq + gg- ZZ bl<gd for ZZ

211 Passon s1.-Vi= 14 TeV

18 "\_,• t"Ha.v

16 CTEO 2l 9lnlc f\n'

~ 14

1'1'1<24 111"1<2'5

'"' 6. 12 CMS 00

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I ' J I 1oJ•. ... • 11•·-· • \'\ . I

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~ .. •

2 ..,., ... ,_e fldt• 5•t03 p0-1 ........ _

100 300 400 500 600 ----,.. - .. ___ ---·· ..... ~ ..... ~ MH (GeV)

89

I 2

Ii -+ bb ill tnSUGRA

-.•511GeV, lliiJ•MGeV, Ae•O, ll!llP•2, J1<I

'.\l(i) • !Dt GeV '.\I( ... )• 1171 GeV ){(~) • 852 CeV ll(x} • G7 GeV ~~ • ll7 CeV M(b) • 89.7 GeV

a.->-C.V ll 4,Jlll , .,.,. > • C.V, tr/"! c 4.S llZ"ioll, -.. ....... 111 ..... <L7S * b~>U

~1•..-------------------------.-n,,..--------.. "'"="". c! I# U CMS.... I n J,M

~ '"' i:r/E., 's·l./(f E& Y,.:, : ... ":: \1• : = ! ,., ...... ':I:.' a

"' "' .,1-----.;::;::"-....i;;..:s;;.....;;;...J111...,..:...._::~..::;.;;;;:.. ____ ~ ....... J#

,,,.,a.v, ~·• ..-------------------------..-n---------,.~w c! I# llf llc.u. I .. •ut•I~.... ft LM ... ,, ~-..... ,. o-,{ ... 1zo% /re «:>16~ " an. \~ : = ... .... . 'ill:.. ,.

• .. + .,1-----,_.;::;--• ....i;;;,,1&;,....~·,,,,..::--=--=~,~.:....--..;;;.. __ _.J#

11,.<G.1?

Fi~l

Maraia! I!!~ Silicon GaAs 3CSiC 4HSiC Diamond Silidg•p (e; I.I 1.43 2J 3.2 33 Raistivity ('2-cm) -to5 -tOS -101 >!Oil Biakdown field (V/crn) -to5 -to5 l.Sxto6 3xto6 101 ElecUon mobility ( crn2/V-s) 13SO 6000 750 800 llOO Hole mobility (crn2N-s) -480 -400 40 llS 1200 Sllllrltion drift velocity ( cm/s) 101 101 2.5xl07 2xl07 2.2xl07 Dielectric constant 11.9 13.1 S.7 Cohesive energy (eV/a1om) 4.63 7.'IT Eacrgy to creare e-h pair ( e V) 3.6 4.2 8.3 (est'd.) 8.3 (est'd.) · 13 A-ve. lonized signal/100 µm (# e·) 9200 13000 6400 (est'd.) 6400 (est'd.) 3600

Tlble L Comparison of potential panicle detector material pioperties

91

SiC

.. ' '

92

•

M.ATAC

2.SOE-04 ------------------,

2.00E-04 !.....-1A(uv) I

1.SOE-04

g 1.00E-04 -5.00E-05

O.OOE+OO

-5.00E-05 ~.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._....__._....__._....__._.._._.._._.._._'-'-'

-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 V(V)

Peak Centroid versus Applied Voltage for PN-Junction Diode L 12-4

~--------------------------------------. --------·- ---- 300

Pre-Irradiation, x 2 1.5 x 1016 n cm·2

16 -2 5.7x10 n.crn 6-- -- ..... __ --------....

---------------1i -2. 1 . 8 X 1 0 n ·Cll1

---..._

... -------------· 11 -2. -- -·---·------ ·----a. 3,.4 X J () 11·1_: I 11 "' Ill • • 111

.. ...... .. ... _

•

250 . 0 c: -Q)

200 2 co .r:. CJ

150 -c ·s .. .... c: . 100 Q)

(J ~ co

50 :.

I---'-'-------------------------'. 0 -500 -400 -300 -200

Bias Voltage, V -100 0

r1 _;), '.-·r c \.__ - - /

~§ Vt 0

u

I

Calibration Function of SiC Detector Flux Range: 1E4 - 3E10 n cm-2 s-1

'-ftlf~~-'~~-~ "jj. ~=r~-- -- -. JIB --- r-- -' - -

1.E+04 l.E+05 l.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08 1.E+09 l.E+lO l.E+l l Thermal Neutron Flux, n cin-2 s-1

Separation of Neutron and Ga1n1na Signals

35000 - - -- -- -- -· --30000 _ Gan11na Neutron

25000 + -E 20000 ~ g 15000 I () 10000 -

5000 0 . _..__......__, -+-·I + I -t I I I f ! ,_ I I I - l l I ! I I ' I ' I . !

0 '10 20 30 40 50 60 Channel Number

Tnermal neutro1i flux --3.2E 10 n/sq. cn1/s Gan1ma tick.I = 50.000 R/h L

70 80

- I

I I I i

. '

90

. ... l