286

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abramovitz, M. (1956), “Resources and Output Trends in the United

States since 1890”, American Economic Review, Vol. 46, pp 5-23.

Abugri, B. A. (1995), “Health Care Delivery Strategies in Ghana: A Study

of Accessibility and Utilization in the West Mamprusi District of the

Northern Region, Ghana”, Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis,

Department of Geography, University of Trondheim, Trondheim.

Adler, N. and Newman, K. (2002), “Socio-Economic Disparities in Health:

Pathways and Policies”, Health Affairs, Vol. 21, pp 60-76.

Adler, N., McEwen, B., Stewart, J., and Marmot, M. (2000), Socio-

Economic Status and Health in Industrial Nations: Social,

Psychological and Biological Pathways, Annals of the New York

Academy of Sciences, New York.

Adrews, S. and Mohan, S. (2002), “User Charges in Health Care: Some

Issues”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 37, pp 373-

376.

Ager, A. and Pepper, K. (2005), “Patterns of Health Service Utilization

and Perceptions of Needs and Services in Rural Orissa”, Health

Policy and Planning, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp 176-184.

Akhtar, R. (1988), “Perception of Urban Health Hazards: Examples from

Lusaka, Zambia”, International Journal of Environmental

Studies, Vol. 31, No. 2 & 3, pp 167-172.

Alberts, J. F., Sanderman, R., Eimers, M., and Wim, J. A. (1997), “Socio-

Economic Inequality in Health Care: A Study of Services Utilization

in Curacao”, Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp 213-

220.

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2003), “Household Expenditure on

Health and Medical Care”, Year Book Australia 2002, Australian

Bureau of Statistics (ABS), An Agency of the Australian

Government, Australia.

287

Ayad, M., Barrere, B. and Otto, J. (1997), Demographic and Socio-

Economic Characteristics of Households, Demographic and

Health Surveys Comparative Study No. 26, Macro International

Inclusive, Maryland.

Bannerji, D. (2005), “Politics of Rural Health in India”, Economic and

Political Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 30, pp 3253-3258.

Bartel, A. and Taubman, P. (1979),”Health and Labour Market Success:

The Role of Various Diseases”, The Review of Economics and

Statistics, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp 1-8.

Baru, R. V. (1993), “Inter-Regional Variations in Health Services in

Andhra Pradesh” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 28, No.

20, pp 963-967.

Baru, R. V. (1994), The Rise of Business in Medical Care, Health for the

Millions, Vol. 2, No.1, New Delhi.

Baru, R. V. (1998), Private Health Care in India: Social

Characteristics and Trends, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Baru, R. V. and Nundy, M. (2008), “Blurring of Boundaries: Public-

Private Partnerships in Health Services in India”, Economic and

Political Weekly, Vol. 43, No. 04, pp 62-71.

Baru, R. V., Qadeer, I. and Priya, R. (2001), State and Private Sector in

India, Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health,

Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Becker, G. (2001), “Growth and Mortality in Less Developed Nations”,

Unpublished Manuscripts, University of Chicago.

Bennet, S., George, D., Garner, P., and Gilson, L. (1994). “Carrot and

Stick: State Mechanisms to Influence Private Provider Behaviour”,

Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp 1-13.

Berman P. and Khan (1993), Paying for India’s Health Care, Sage

Publications, New Delhi.

288

Berman, P. (2002), “Household Utilization and Expenditure on Private

and Public Health Services in Vietnam”, Health Policy and

Planning, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp 61-70.

Berman, P. and Ahuja, R. (2008), “Government Health Spending in

India”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 43, No. 26, pp 209-

216.

Bhat, R. (1994), “The Private Health Sector in India”, Health for the

Millions, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp 43-56.

Bhat, R. (1994), Characteristics of Private Medical Practice in India: A

Provider Perspective, Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 14, No. 1,

pp 26-37.

Bhat, R. (2000), “Public-Private Partnerships in the Health Sector: Issues

and Policy Options”, Mimeograph, Indian Institute of

Management.

Bhat, R. and Jain, N. (2006), “Analysis of Public and Private Health Care

Expenditures”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 41, No. 1,

pp 57-68.

Binod, K. P., Kumar, R., Goswami, A., Nongkynrih, B., and Chandrakant,

S. (2008), “Community Perception and Client Satisfaction about

the Primary Health Care Services in an Urban Resettlement Colony

of New Delhi”, Indian Journal of Community Medicine, Vol. 33,

No. 4, pp 250-254.

Boikov, V. E., Feeley, F. G., Sheiman, I. M, and Shishkin, S. V. (1998),

Russian Household Expenditure on Drugs and Medical Care:

Results of a December 1997 Survey of 3,000 Households, Russian

Legal Health Reform Project Document, No. 640IIIB6, available

at www.dcc2.bumc.bu.edu.

Brijesh, C. P. and Tasleem, A. S. (1994), “Utilisation of Health Services in

India” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 29, No. 18, pp 1071-

1080.

289

Buchanan, J. M. (1966), Inconsistencies in the National Health

Service, Institute of Economic Affairs, Occasional Paper No 7, and

Lees, D. S. (1961), Health Through Choice. Hobart Paper No 14,

Institute of Economic Affairs, Summary of their views on a

Nationalised Health Service System is presented in Charles, M. A.

(1971), The Theory of Taxation, Penguin, Harmondsworth, pp

113-16.

Buor, D. (2004), Accessibility and Utilization of Health Services in

Ghana, Netherland Institute for Health Sciences and Research,

NIVEL, available at: www.nivel.nl

Casey, M., Kathleen, T. R., and Klingner, J. (2000), “The Influence of

Rural Residence on the Use of Preventive Health Care Services”,

Working Paper No. 34, Rural Health Research Center, Division of

Health Services Research and Policy, School of Public Health,

University of Minnesota (USA).

CDC (2009), “The Power of Prevention: Chronic Disease, The Public

Health Challenges of the 21st Century”, National Centre for

Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Center for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA.

Chakraborty, A. (2005), “Health Care in West Bengal: Confused Policy for

Public-Private Partnership, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.

40, No. 5, pp 351-353.

Chakravarthi, I. (2008), “Role of the World Health Organization”,

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 43, No. 47, pp 41-46.

Charles, M. A. (1971), The Theory of Taxation, Penguin,

Harmondsworth.

Chaudhury, N., Hammer, J., and Murrugarra, E. (2003), “The Effects of a

Fee-Waiver Program on Health Care Utilization among the Poor:

Evidence from Armenia”, Policy Research Working Paper 2952,

Development Research Group, The World Bank, Washington, D. C.

290

Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (2001), Macroeconomics

and Health: Investing in Health for Economics Development,

World Health Organization, Geneva.

David, E. S., Stephen, D. Y. and Garance, G. (2002), “The Demand for

Health Care Services in Rural Tanzania”, available at

www.georgetown.edu/faculty/gg58/Tanzania.pdf

Davis, O. A. and Kamien, M. I. (1977), “Externalities, Information and

Alternative Collection Action”, in Haveman, R. H. and Margolis, J.

(eds.), Public Expenditure and Policy Analysis, Rand McNally

College Publishing Company, Chicago.

Deaton, A. (2003), “Health, Inequality, and Economic Development”,

Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 41, pp 113-158.

Denison, E. F. (1962), The Sources of Economic Growth in United

States and Alternative Before US, Paper No. 13, Committee for

Economic Development, New York.

Denison, E. F. (1974), Accounting for United States Economic

Growth, The Brooking Institution, Washington, D. C.

Devlin, N. J. and Richardson, A. K. (1993), “The Distribution of

Household Expenditures on Health Care”, New Zealand Medical

Journal, Vol. 106, No. 953, pp 126-129.

Dilip, T. R. and Duggal, R. (2003), “Demand for Public Health Services

in Mumbai”, Centre for Equity into Health and Allied Themes

(CEHAT), Mumbai.

Duggal, R. (1994), Health Care Utilization in India, Health for the

Millions, Vol. 2, No. 1, New Delhi.

Duggal, R. (2000), The Private Health Sector in India: Nature, Trends

and a Critique, Voluntary Health Association of India (VHAI), New

Delhi.

291

Duggal, R. and Amin, S. (1989), Cost of Health Care: A Household

Survey in an Indian District, Foundation for Research in

Community Health (FRCH), Mumbai, India.

Duggal, R. and Dilip, T. R. (2002), “Incidence of Non-Fatal Health

Outcomes and Debt in Urban India”, Draft Paper prepared for

Urban Research Symposium (9-11 December) at The World Bank,

Washington, D. C.

Duggal, R., Nandraj, S. and Vadair, A. (1995), “Special Statistics-10:

Health Expenditure across States: Part I” Economic and Political

Weekly, Vol. 30, No. 15, pp 834-844.

Duraisamy, P. (1998), “Morbidity in Tamilnadu: Levels, Differentials and

Determinants”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 17,

pp 982-90.

Duraisamy, P. (2000), Health Status and Curative Health Care in

Rural India, Working Paper No. 78, National Council of Applied

Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Feinstein, J. (1992) "The Relationship between Socio-Economic Status

and Health: A Review of the Literature”, The Millbank Quarterly,

Vol. 71, No. 2, pp 279-322.

Fuchs, V. R. (1966), “The Contribution of Health Services to the

American Economy”, Milbank Memorial Fund’s Quarterly, Vol.

44, No. 4, pp 65-103.

Gaag, J. V. D and Perlman, M. C. (1981), Health, Economics and

Health Economics, North Holland Publishing Company,

Amsterdam.

Gangadharan, K. (2005), Utilization of Health Services in Urban

Kerala: A Socio Economic Study, Serial Publications, New Delhi.

Gangolli, L. V., Duggal, R. and Shukla, A. (2005), Review of Health

Care in India, Centre for Equity into Health and Allied Themes

(CEHAT), Mumbai.

292

George, A. (1997), Household Health Expenditure in Two States- A

Comparative Study of District in Maharashtra and Madhya

Pradesh, Foundation for Research in Community Health (FRCH),

Mumbai, India.

George, A. and Nandraj, S. (1993), “State of Health Care in Maharashtra:

A Comparative Analysis” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.

28, No. 32/33, pp 1671-1683.

George, A. T. (2005), “Good Health at Low Cost: How Good and How

Low”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 25, pp 2488-

2491.

Ghosh, S. (2000), Levels, Differentials and Determinants of

Morbidity in West Bengal, India, International Institute for

Population Sciences, Mumbai.

Gill, S. and Kavadi, S. (1999), Health Financing and Costs – A

Comparative Study of Trends in 18 Countries with Special

Reference to India, The Foundation for Research in Community

Health (FRCH), Mumbai, India.

Gill, S. S. (1996), “Punjab: Privatising Health Care” Economic and

Political Weekly, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp 18-19.

Gill, S. S. and Ghuman, R. S. (2000), “Punjab: Rural Health-Proactive

Role for the State”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 35, No.

51, pp 4474-4477.

Gill, S. S., Singh, S. and Brar, J. S. (2010), Globalization and Indian

State: Education, Health and Agricultural Extension Services

in Punjab, Aakar Books, Delhi.

Good, C. M. (1987), Ethno-Medical Systems in Africa: Patterns of

Traditional Medicine in Rural and Urban Kenya, Guilford

Press, New York.

Gopal, K.R. (1987), Economics of Health and Nutrition: Some Aspects

of Growth and Welfare, Chug Publications, Ahmedabad, India.

293

Gopalan, C. (1994), “Challenges to Public Health Systems” Economic

and Political Weekly, Vol. 29, No. 20, pp 1204-1209.

Gotsadze, G., Bennett, S., Ranson, K., and Gzirishvil, D. (2005), “Health

Care-Seeking Behaviour and Out-of-Pocket Payments in Tbilisi,

Georgia”, Health Policy Unit, Oxford University Press in

Association with London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

Government of India (1996), Directory of Health Service, Ministry of

Health and Family Welfare.

Government of India (1999), Ninth Five Year Plan, Vol. II, Planning

Commission, New Delhi.

Government of India (2004), “Unorganized Service Sector Enterprises in

India”, 57th Round of National Sample Survey, 2001-02, National

Sample Survey Organization, Ministry of Statistics and

Programme Implementation, New Delhi.

Government of India (2004), Primary Census Abstract for Jammu &

Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Chandigarh - Vol. I (00-

054-2001-Cen-CD), Office of Registrar General and Census

Commissioner of India, New Delhi.

Government of India (2005), Report of the National Commission on

Macroeconomics and Health, Ministry of Health & Family

Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.

Government of India (2007), Ground Water Information Booklet,

Bathinda District, Punjab, Central Ground Water Board,

Ministry of Water Resources, North Western Region, Chandigarh.

Government of India (2007), Ground Water Information Booklet,

Fatehgarh Sahib District, Punjab, Central Ground Water Board,

Ministry of Water Resources, North Western Region, Chandigarh.

Government of India (2007), Ground Water Scenario of Jalandhar

District, Punjab, Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water

Resources, North Western Region, Chandigarh.

294

Government of India, (1998), “Survey of Morbidity and Utilization of

Medical Services, July 1995-June 1996”, 52nd Round of National

Sample Survey, National Sample Survey Organization, Ministry

of Statistics and Programme Implementation, New Delhi.

Government of Punjab (2002), Plan Documents (various issues), Punjab

State Planning Board, Chandigarh

Government of Punjab, Health Information of Punjab (various issues),

Directorate of Health and Family Welfare, Punjab, Chandigarh.

Government of Punjab, Statistical Abstract of Punjab (various

issues), Economic and Statistical Organization, Punjab,

Chandigarh.

Grosh, M. and Glewwe, P. (2000), Designing Household Survey

Questionnaire for Developing Countries, Lessons from 15

Years of the Living Standards Measurement Study, Vol. I,

Washington, D. C.: The World Bank.

Grossman, M. and Benham, L. (1974), “Health, Hours and Wages”, in

Perlman, M. (eds.), The Economics of Health and Medical Care,

Macmillan and Company, London.

Gumber, A. (2002), "Structure of Indian Health Care Market:

Implications for Health Insurance Sector", Regional Health

Forum, Vol. 4, pp 21-28.

Gupta, I. and Dasgupta, P. (2002), “Demand for Curative Health Care in

Rural India: Choosing between Private, Public and No Care”,

Working Paper Series No. 82, National Council of Applied

Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Gupta, I. and Datta, A. (2003), “Inequities in Health and Health Care in

India: Can the Poor Hope for a Respite?”, Institute of Economic

Growth, Delhi.

Gupta, M. D. (2005), “Public Health in India: Dangerous Neglect”,

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 49, pp 5159-5165.

295

Habbani, K., Wim, G., and Izabela, J. (2006), “Household Health Seeking

Behaviour in Khartoum, Sudan: The Willingness to Pay for Public

Health Services if these Services are of Good Quality”, Health

Policy, Vol. 75, pp 140-158.

Hammer, J., Aiyar, Y. and Samji, S. (2007), “Understanding Government

Failure in Public Health Services”, Economic and Political

Weekly, Vol. 42, No. 40, pp 4049-4057.

Hay, D. I. (1988), “Socio-Economic Status and Health Status: A Study of

Males in Canada Health Survey”, Social Science and Medicine,

Vol. 27, pp 1317-1325.

Hjortsberg, C. (2004), “Health Care Utilization in a Developing Country-

The Case of Zambia”, Lund Economic Studies, No. 118, The

Swedish Institute of Health Economics, Sweden.

Hjortsberg, C. and Mwikisa, C. N. (2002), “Cost of Access to Health

Services in Zambia”, Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 17, No. 1.

pp 71-77.

Hotchkiss, D. R., Rous, J. J., Karmacharya, K., and Sangraula, P. (1998),

“Household Health Expenditures in Nepal: Implications for Health

Care Financing Reform”, Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 13,

No. 4, pp 371-383.

House, J. S., Kessler, R. C., and Herzog, A. R. (1990), “Age, Socio-

Economic Status and Health”, Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 68, pp

383-411.

IIPS (2007), National Family Health Survey (NFHS–3), 2005-06,

International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.

Jesani, A. (1999), “Social Objectives of Health Care Services, The

Need and Strategy for Regulating Private Sector”

(unpublished), Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes

(CEHAT), Mumbai.

296

Jesani, A. and Anantharam, S. (1993), Private Sector and

Privatization in Health Care, Foundation for Research in

Community Health (FRCH), Mumbai, India.

Jesani, A. and Nandraj, S. (1994), “The Unregulated Private Health

Sector”, Health for the Millions, Vol. 2, No.1, New Delhi.

Kahenya, G. and Lake, S. (1994), User Fees and their Impact on

Utilization of Key Health Services, UNICEF, Lasaka.

Kannan, K. P. (2008), Dualism, Informality and Social Inequality: An

Informal Economy Perspective of the Challenge of Inclusive

Development in India, Paper Presented at 50th Annual Conference

of „The Indian Society of Labour Economics’, December 13-15,

organized by Giri Institute of Development Studies in association

with Lucknow University and Indian Institute of Management,

Lucknow.

Kannan, K. P., Thankappam, K. R., Kutty, V. R. and Aravindan, K. P.

(1991), Health and Development in Rural Kerala, Kerala

Sasthra Sahitya Parishath (K.S.S.P), Thiruvananthapuram, India.

Kaspar, W. (2003), Access of the Urban Poor and Vulnerable to

Health Care in Africa: SDC Experiences in N’Djaména, Douala

and Dar es Salaam, Social Development Division's Health Desk,

Swiss Centre for International Health, Switzerland.

Kessler, R. C. and Frank, R. G. (1997), “The Impact of Psychiatric

Disorders on Work Loss Days”, Physiological Medicine, Vol. 27,

No. 4, pp 861-73.

Kethineni, V. (1991), “Political Economy of State Intervention in Health

Care”, Economics and Political Weekly, Vol. 26, No. 42, pp

2427-2433.

Kilbreth, E., Ziller, E., and Payne, S. (2005), “Trends in Health Service

Costs and Utilization (1995 – 2001): An Analysis of a Privately

297

Insured Population in Maine”, Institute for Health Policy, Muskie

School of Public Service, University of Southern Maine, Portland.

Kroeger, A. (1983), “Anthropological and Socio-Medical Health Care

Research in Developing Countries”, Social Science and Medicine,

Vol. 17, No. 3, pp 147-161.

Kruiger, A. O. (1968), “Factor Endowments and Per Capita Income

Differences among Countries”, Economic Journal, Vol. 78, No.

311, pp 641-659.

Kumar, K. and Singh, S. (2010), “Rural Health Infrastructure, Utilization

Pattern in Punjab: Insights of Primary Survey”, Submitted to Man

& Development, Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial

Development (CRRID), Chandigarh.

Kumar, K. and Singh, Sukhwinder (2010), “Health Infrastructure and

Utilization Pattern in Rural Punjab: Emerging Public Policy Issues”,

Journal of Economic and Social Development, Vol. 6, No. 2,

December.

Kumar, N., Shekhar, C., Kumar, P. and Kundu, A. S. (2007),

Kuppuswamy‟s Socio-Economic Status Scale-Updating for 2007,

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 74, No. 12, pp 1131-

1132.

Kundu, N. K. and Kanitkar, T. (2002), “Primary Health Care in Urban

Slums”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 51, pp

5086-5089.

Kuppuswamy, B. I. (1981), Manual of Socio-Economic Status Scale

(Urban), Manasayan, Delhi.

Lahelma, E., Manderbacka, K., Rahkonen, O., and Karisto, A. (1994),

“Comparisons of Inequality in Health: Evidence from National

Surveys in Finland, Norway and Sweden”, Social Science &

Medicine, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp 517-524.

298

Lindelow, M. (2004), “Understanding Spatial Variation in the Utilization

of Health Services: Does Quality Matter?”, Working Paper Series,

The Centre for Study of African Economies (CSAE) & The World

Bank.

Lindelow, M. (2006), “Health Care Demand in Rural Mozambique:

Evidence From the 1996/97 Household Survey”, Discussion

Paper No. 126, Food Consumption and Nutrition Division,

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington,

D. C.

Luft, H. (1976), “The Impact of Poor Health on Earnings”, The Review of

Economics and Statistics, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp 43-57.

Mahal, A. (2000), “Chronic Illness: Prevalence and Economic

Consequence in India”, National Council of Applied Economic

Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Majumder, A. (2006), “Utilization of Health Care in North Bengal: A

Study of Health Seeking Patterns in an Interdisciplinary

Framework”, Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp 43-

51.

Majumder, A. (2006), “Utilization of Health Care in North Bengal: A

Qualitative Study on Preference for a Care with respect to Type of

Facility and System of Medicine”, Anthropologist, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp

33-41.

Makinen, M. (2000), “Inequalities in Health Care Use and Expenditures:

Empirical Data from Eight Developing Countries and Countries in

Transition”, Bulletin of World Health Organization, Vol. 78, No.

1, pp 55-65.

Marco, A. N. (2002), “Inequity in the Utilization of Health Services in

Chile: Analysis of the Effects of Individual Income and Health

Insurance Coverage on Timely Receipt Health Services”, Research

Project, HDP/HDR/RG-T/CHI/3044

299

Marmot, M. and Wilkinson, R. (1999), Social Determinants of Health,

Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Marmot, M., Smith, G. D., Stansfeld, S., Patel, C., North, F., White, H. J.,

Brunner, E., and Feeney, A. (1991), Health Inequalities among

British Civil Servants: The Whitehall II Study, Lancet 337, pp

1387-1393.

Maurer, J. (2007), “Socio-Economic and Health Determinants of Health

Care Utilization among Elderly Europeans: A New Look at Equity,

Intensity and Responsiveness in Ten European Countries”,

Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Paper

07/26, The University of York, York (England).

Mills, A. (1983), “Economic Aspects of Health Insurance”, in Lee, K. and

Mills, A. (eds.), The Economics of Health in Developing

Countries, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Mishra, B. D. (1994), “Demand for Health Services in Bihar”, in

Population and Development in Bihar, edited by Sinha, U. P.

and Sinha, R. K., B. R. Publishing Corporation, Delhi, India.

Mishra, D., Singh, H. P. (2003), Kuppuswamy‟s Socio-economic Status

Scale- A Revision, Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 70, No. 3,

pp 273-274.

Misra, R., Chatterjee, R. and Rao S. (2003), India Health Report, Oxford

University Press, New Delhi.

Mukherjee, A. N. and Karmakar, K. (2008), “Untreated Morbidity and

Demand for Health Care in India: An Analysis of National Sample

Survey Data”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 43, No. 46,

pp 71-77.

Muller, I., Smith, T., Mellor, S., Rare, L., and Genton, B. (1998), “The

Effects of Distance from Home on Attendance at a Small Rural

Health Centre in Papua New Guinea”, International Journal of

Epidemiology, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp 878-884.

300

Muraleedharan, V. R. (1993), “When Is Access to Health Care Equal?

Some Public Policy Issues”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.

28, No. 25, pp 1291-1296.

Mushkin, S. J. (1962), “Health as Investment”, Journal of Political

Economy, Vol. 70, No. 5, pp 129-157.

Mwabu, G., Mwanzia, J., and Liambila, W. (1995), “User Charges in

Government Health Facilities in Kenya”, Health Policy and

Planning, Vol. 10, pp 164-70.

Nanda, P. and Baru R., (1994), Private Nursing Homes and their

Utilization. A Case Study of Delhi, Health for the Millions, Vol. 2,

No.1, pp 6-9.

Nandakumar, A. K., Schneider, P., Bhawalker, M., and Butera, D. (2000),

“Use of and Expenditures on Out-patient Health Care by a Group

of HIV Positive Individuals in Rwanda”, Special Initiative Report

No. 28, Partnerships for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates

Inc., Bethesda, Maryland.

Nandraj, S. (2001), Private Health Sector: Concerns, Challenges and

Options, Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes

(CEHAT), Mumbai.

Nandraj, S., Muraleedharan, V. R., Baru, R.V., Qadeer, I., and Priya, R.

(2001), Private Health Sector in India: Review and Annotated

Bibliography, Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes

(CEHAT), Mumbai.

Narayana, D. (2005), “Perception, Poverty and Health: A Contribution”,

Paper Presented at the International Conference on “The Impact

of Mortality as Both A Determinant and A Consequence of

Poverty and Hunger: A Contribution to Achieving the First

Millennium Development Goals” organized by Committee for

International Cooperation in National Research in Demography,

February 23-25, Centre for Development Studies,

Thiruvananthapuram, India.

301

Narayana, D. (2006), “A Review of Health and Economics”, Economic

and Political Weekly, Vol. 41, No. 11, pp 961-964.

National Planning Committee (1948), Report of the Subcommittee on

National Health, Vora and Company, Bombay.

Nayar, K. R. (2004), “Rural Health: Absence of Mission or Vision”

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39, No. 45, pp 4872-4874.

NCAER, (1992), "Household Survey of Medical Care", National Council

for Applied Economic Research, New Delhi.

Nemet, G. F., and Bailey, A. J. (2000), “Distance and Health Care

Utilisation among the Rural Elderly”, Social Science and

Medicine, Vol. 50, No. 9, pp. 1197-1208.

Nongkynrih, B., Patro, B.K., and Chandrakanta, S. P. (2004), “Current

Status of Communicable and Non-communicable Diseases in

India”, Journal of Association of Physicians of India, Vol. 52,

pp 118-123.

NSSO (1992), NSSO 42nd Round, 1986-87, Department of Statistics,

National Sample Survey Organization, Government of India.

NSSO (1998), NSSO 52nd Round, 1995-96, Department of Statistics,

National Sample Survey Organization, Government of India.

NSSO (2006), NSSO 60th Round, 2004, Department of Statistics,

National Sample Survey Organization, Government of India.

Panikar, P.K.G. (1999), Health Transition in Kerala, Discussion Paper

No. 10, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvanathapuram,

Kerala.

Pareek, U. and Trivedi, G. (1964), Manual on Socio-Economic Status

(Rural), Manasayan, Delhi.

Parikh, J. and Lakshmi, V. (2000), “Bio Fuels, Pollution and Health

Linkages: A Survey of Rural Tamil Nadu”, Economic and Political

Weekly, Vol. 35, No. 47, pp 4125-37.

302

Peters, D., Rao, K., and Ramana, G. N. V. (2004), “India: Equity Effects of

Quality Improvements on Health Service Utilization and Patient

Satisfaction in Uttar Pradesh State”, Health, Nutrition and

Population (HNP) Discussion Paper, Reaching the Poor Program

Paper No. 5, The World Bank, Washington, D. C.

PHRplus, (2005), Health Care Utilization, Expenditures, and Insurance:

Household Survey Findings from Suez Governorate, Egypt, The

Partners for Health Reformplus Project, Abt Associates Inc.,

Bethesda, Egypt.

Planning Commission (2002), Ninth Five Year Plan, Government of

India, New Delhi.

Planning Commission (2003), Punjab Development Report, Government

of India prepared by Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial

Development (CRRID), Chandigarh.

Pohar, S. L., Majumdar, S. R., Jacobs, P. and Johnson, J. A. (2006),

“Health Care Utilization and Direct Health Care Costs of Diabetes

in Urban and Rural Saskatchewan, 1991-2001”, Working Paper

No. 6, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Canada.

Priya, R. (2004), “Public Health Services: Cinderella in the Social Sector”,

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39, No. 33, pp 3671-3672.

Purohit, B. (2001), Private Initiatives and Policy Options: Recent Health

System Experience in India, Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 16

No. 1, pp 87-97.

Purohit, B. C. and Siddiqui T. A, (1994), Utilization of Health Services in

India, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 29, No. 18, pp 1071-

1080.

Purohit, B. C. and Siddiqui, T. A. (1995), Cost Recovery in Diagnostic

Facilities, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 30, No. 27, pp

1700-1705.

303

Qadeer, I. (2000), “Health Care Systems in Transition III, India, Part I,

The Indian Experience”, Journal of Public Health Medicine, Vol.

22, No. 1, pp 25-32.

Rajeshwari (1996), “Gender Bias in Utilisation of Health Care Facilities in

Rural Haryana” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 31, No. 8,

pp 489-494.

Ramamani, S. (1993), Household Survey of Health Care Utilization and

Expenditure, Working Paper No. 53, National Council for Applied

Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Ramamani, S., Mahal, A., and Sharma, A. (2002), "The Burden of Ill

Health among the Urban Poor: The Case of Slums and

Resettlement Colonies in Chennai and Delhi", National Council

for Applied Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Reddy, C. P. and Sekhar, S. (1995), “Utilization of Medical Services”, in

Ranga Reddy (eds.), Health Care Services Management for

Underprivileged, Delta Publishing House, New Delhi.

Rost, K., Adams, S., Stanley Xu, and Dong, F. (2007), “Rural-Urban

Differences in Hospitalization Rates of Primary Care Patients with

Depression”, Psychiatric Services, Vol. 58, No. 4, available at

www.psychiatryonline.org

Rous, J. J. and Hotchkiss, D. R. (2000), “Estimation of the

Determinants of Household Health Care Expenditures in

Nepal with Controls for Endogenous Illness and Provider

Choice”, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,

Department of International Health and Development, Tulane

University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

Saltman, R. B. (1997), “Balancing State and Market in Health System

Reform”, European Journal of Public Health, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp

119-120.

304

Saxena, M. (2004), Utilization of Private Sector in Healthcare in India,

South Asian Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Monilek

Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, India.

Schultz, T. W. (1970), Transforming Traditional Agriculture, Lyall

Book Depot, Ludhiana.

Segall, M. et al. (2000), “Health Care Seeking Behaviour by Poor in

Transitional Economies: The Case of Vietnam”, IDS Research

Report 43, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, Sussex

(England).

Sekhar, S. P. (1995), “Utilisation of Health Services” Economic and

Political Weekly, Vol. 30, No. 14, p 776-776.

Selvaraju, V. (2003), Health Care Expenditure in Rural India, Working

Paper No. 90, National Council for Applied Economic Research

(NCAER), New Delhi.

Sen, A. (1985), Commodities and Capabilities, North Holland

Publishing Company, Amsterdam.

Shariff, A. (1995), Health Transition in India, Working Paper No. 57,

National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER), New

Delhi.

Sharma, S. (2004), “Poverty Estimates in India: Some Key Issues”,

Working Paper Series No. 51, Economic and Research

Department, Asian Development Bank, Philippines.

Singh, P. K. (2002), “Effective Health Care: The Role of Government,

Market and Civil Society”, Regional Health Forum, Vol. 8, No. 1,

pp 7-18.

Singh, Sukhwinder. (1991), “Development and Use of Health Care

Services in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Punjab”, Unpublished

Ph. D Thesis, Department of Economics, Punjabi University,

Patiala

305

Singh, Sukhwinder. (1991), “Dynamics of Health Care Expenditure in

India: Some Policy Implications”, in Nagpal, C.S. and Mahajan,

R.K. (eds), Economic Policies, Anmol Publications, New Delhi, pp.

507-28.

Singh, Sukhwinder. (2004), “Growth of Health Care Infrastructure in

Rural Punjab: Emerging Issues and Policy Recommendations” in

Murty, S. (eds.), Education, Health and Housing in India: Some

Aspects, RBSA Publishers, Jaipur, pp. 123-146.

Singh, Sukhwinder. (2005), “Rural Health Infrastructure in Indian

Punjab: Some Issues, Challenges and Policy Prescriptions” in

Gopal Singh and R. K. Chauhan (eds.), South Asia Today,

Anamika publishers & Distributors (P) Ltd, New Delhi.

Smith, J. P. (2004), “Unraveling the SES-Health Connection”, Working

Paper No. 4, Institute for Fiscal Studies, London.

Soman, K. (2002), “Rural Health Care in West Bengal”, Economic and

Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 26, pp 2562-2564.

Soman, K. and Dasgupta, S. (2003), “Public Health: Historical

Experience” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 38, No. 47, pp

4942-4944.

Strauss, J. and Thomas, D. (1995), “Human Resources: Empirical

Modeling of Household and Family Decisions”, in Behrman, J. and

Srinavasan, T. N. (eds.), Handbook of Development Economics,

North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam.

Street, A., Andrew, J., Andrew, and Furuta, A. (1997), “Cost Sharing

and Pharmaceutical Utilization in Russia: Evidence from a

Household Survey”, Center for Health Economics, University of

York.

Sundar, R. and Sharma, A. (2002), “Morbidity and Utilization of Health

Care Services”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 37, No. 47,

pp 4729-40.

306

Taylor, C. E., Sarma, R., Parket, R.L., Reinke, W.A., Farugnee, R. (1983),

Child and Maternal Health Services in Rural India: The

Narangwal Experiment, Vol. 2, World Bank and Johns Hopkins

University Press.

Tiwari, S. C., Aditya K. and Kumar, A. (2005), “Development &

Standardization of a Scale to Measure Socio-economic Status in

Urban & Rural Communities in India”, Indian Journal of Medical

Research, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp 309-314.

Trivedi, P. K. (2002), “Patterns of Health Care Utilization in Vietnam:

Analysis of 1997-98 Vietnam Living Standards Survey Data”,

Policy Research Working Paper 2775, Development Research

Group, Macroeconomics and Growth, The World Bank,

Washington, D. C.

UNEP (1999), Domestic Environment and Health of Women and

Children, United Nations Environment Programme.

Uplekar, M. (1989a), Implications of Prescribing Patterns of Private

Doctors in the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Bombay, India,

Research Paper No. 41, Takemi Program in International Health,

Harvard University.

Uplekar, M. (1989b), Private Doctors and Public Health: The Case of

Leprosy in Bombay, India, Research Paper No. 40. Takemi

Program in International Health, Harvard University.

VHAI, (1997), Private Health Sector and Related Issues, Report of the

Independent Commission on Health in India, Voluntary Health

Association of India, New Delhi.

Waddington, C. J. and Enyimayew, K. A. (1990), “A Price to Pay: The

Impact of User Charges in the Volta Region of Ghana”,

International Journal of Health Planning and Management,

Vol. 5, No. 4, pp 287-312.

307

Walle, V. D. and Nead, K. (1995), Public Spending and the Poor:

Theory and Evidence, The Johns Hopkins University Press,

Baltimore.

WHO (1996), Equity in Health and Health Care – A WHO/SIDA

Initiative, World Health Organisation, Geneva.

WHO (2005), Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment, World

Health Organisation, Geneva.

WHO (2010), World Health Report: Health System Financing, the

Path to Universal Coverage, World Health Organisation, Geneva.

WHO and IIPS (2006), Health System Performance Assessment,

(World Health Survey, 2003), Indian Institute for Population

Sciences, Mumbai, and World Health Organisation, Geneva.

World Bank (1991), The Challenge of Development, World Development

Report, Oxford University Press, New York.

World Bank (1993), World Development Report, 1993, Investing in

Health, Oxford University Press, New York.

World Bank (1994), Adjustments in Africa: Reform, Results and the Road

Ahead, A World Bank Policy Research Report, Oxford University

Press, New York.

Yesudian, C. A. K. (1988), Health Services Utilization in Urban India,

Mittal Publications, New Delhi.

Yoder, R. (1989), “Are People Willing and Able to Pay for Health

Services?”, Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp 35-

42.

Zschock, D.K. (1979), Health Care Financing in Developing

Countries, American Public Health Association, International

Health Programmes, Washington, D. C.