25254809 Functional Fibers

7/29/2019 25254809 Functional Fibers

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Present Situation Of R&DPresent Situation Of R&D

For Functional ChemicalFor Functional Chemical

FiberFiber

Ghazanfar Abbas


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Definition of functional fiberDefinition of functional fiber

Functional fiber refers to the fiberswhich can exhibit some special

functions while remain the traits ofordinary fibers.

The fiber can show variousfunctions such as soft, dyeing,antistatic, flame retardant,absorptive etc. It can resemble thetraits of natural fiber.


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Production methodsProduction methods

Fabric treatment

Produce functional fibers directly


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Functional fiber typesFunctional fiber types

Sanitarian fiber

Defendable fiber

Comfortable feeling fiber

Functional fiber for medical use


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1. Sanitarian fiber1. Sanitarian fiber

For this type of fiber, there areantibacterial fiber, negative ion

fiber, miticidal, odor removablefiber etc.


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Antibacterial fiber


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Currently, there are two

approaches to processantibacterial fiber and fabric.

Finishing Modification


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Processing

method

Application

scope

Process Characteristics

finishing

Be applied to

various fabric

types. Especially

for natural fiber,

it is exclusiveway to give fiber

antibacterial

effect.

With padding or

coating, the fiber

can show good

effect.

Simple process, low

cost and easy

application.but

product cant bear

washing and lastlong. Some organic

agents is toxic and

volatile.

modification

Be applied to

synthetic fiber

Physical and

chemicalmodification,

composite

spinning

Long lasting effect,

wash wear andsteady quality fiber.

Good touch and

healthy fabric.

A contrast sheet between two processing methods


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Antibacterial theoryAntibacterial theory

Modification gives synthetic fiberantibacterial activity.

The activity comes from the specialactive group in the molecule chain offiber or introduces antibacterialactive group to react with germ and

kill germ in the end.


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According to different process andapplication, various antibacterialagents can be applied in high qualityantibacterial fiber production. Thereare three types of antibacterialagents.

Natural agent: such as chitosan

Organic agent: such as quarternaryammonium salt

Inorganic agent: such as silver ion


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Silver agent is most wide-spectrum

antibacterial agent with very low toxity . CTA has developed a silver antibacterial

master batch and fibers.


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Negative ion fiber

In 1880, French scientists firstly foundtourmaline has a very good effect onpeoples health and environment.

In 1986, after more than 1 yearsresearch, two scientists in TokyoUniversity processed tourmaline intosuper tiny crystal (0.1m) and mixed it

into spinning dope to produce negativeion functional fiber.


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The principle of negative ionsThe principle of negative ions

sanitarian effectsanitarian effectNegative ion can neutralize the

acidic matter on humans body.

The tiny power current passesthrough peoples skin and transmitsto nerve center from nerve ending.

The blood circulation and pain

restraint effect are produced bythus way.


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There are three materials to

produce negative ion textiles.

Ancient deposit ore on the

seabed,such as diatomite .Natural ore such as tourmaline.

Radioactive ore with low

radioactivity.


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Negative ion textiles processNegative ion textiles process

There are three methods toprocess negative ion textiles:

Add superfine negative ionpowder into spinning dope toproduce negative ion fiber.


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Process superfine negative ion

powder into slurry and coat onfabric.

Connect active group in new

negative material with hydroxyland amino group on fiber toform covalent bond which leadto good quality anion fabric.


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Negative ion textiles canemit low radioactivity whichcontact with oxygen and

carbon dioxide and watermolecule to lead ionizationand emit negative ion

continually.


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Negative ion textiles evaluationNegative ion textiles evaluation

standardstandard It is believed to be a healthy

space only when negative ion

amount can reach 4000.For bed gown, 5000/cm3

emission amount of negative

ion is available when for oldpeople, over 15000/cm3 isbetter.


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Negative ion products applicationNegative ion products application

Negative ion products areprocessed into high grade

fabrics, shirt and underwear.They are also can be used in

furnishing, such as window

curtain, bedding and sofacloth etc.


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Car inside furnishing fabrics

and sanitarian goods such askneepad, shoulder protectoralso use negative ion

products.


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2. Defendable fiber2. Defendable fiber

This category includes antistatic fiber, radiation

resistant fiber, flameretardant fiber andantimosquito fiber etc.


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Antistatic fiber

It is found that when addingconducting matter such as carbonblack, carbon fiber or metalramification into polymer, and then bycomposite spinning technology, theconducting fiber with excellentconductivity and long lasting effect isproduced.


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The development of antistatic fiberThe development of antistatic fiber

metal fiber

carbon fiber

conducting packing fiber

conducting composite fiber


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Fiber types Advantage Disadvantage

Metal fiber Good conductivity Bad integration withordinary fiber and highcost for superfine fiber.

Carbon fiber Low resistanceHigh modulus and low

bending strength, lack oftenacity.

Conducting packing

fiberLow resistance Conducting matter is easily

stripped after washing and

friction.

Conducting composite

fiberLow cost carbon black andgood conductivity withadjustable conduction scope


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Conducting fiber developmentConducting fiber development

historyhistory In 1974, Du Pont firstly

developed CB type sheath core

conducting composite fiberAntron .

In 80th, the conducting

composite fiber products inJapan had reached about 200tons.


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CTA have formed the

whole set of conductingcomposite fiberproduction technologyand produced goodquality composite

conducting fiberproducts.


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Conducting fiber applicationConducting fiber application

It is mainlyused in

militaryequipment,overalls, high

grade woolproducts etc.


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It can also be

used ininformationand precisionmanufacture

industry,sanitarianfield, hoteland oil

station.


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Anti-mosquito fiber

There are usually two ways toprevent from sting.

chemical or biological method

personal protection by

different equipments


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As a traditional and cheap

mosquito equipment,mosquitonet is most popular in themarket.

Traditional mosquito net canonly prevent a fewmosquitoes, it cant prevent

attacks of large numbersmosquitoes and eradiate them.


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In order to offset these

deficiency, CTA has developedanti-mosquito polyester net.


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Next are its traits:

a slow release effect

the long lasting effect of

mosquito lethality not harmful to peoples health

high anti-mosquito and

mosquito lethality


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Antimosquito fiber application fieldsAntimosquito fiber application fields

mosquito net

military

curtain products

geological investigation

crude oil exploration


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3. Comfortable feeling fiber3. Comfortable feeling fiber

This type of fiber includesmoisture absorptive, sweating

and temperature adjustablefunctional fiber.


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Moisture absorptive and

fast dry fiber Natural fiber such as cotton

possess a good hydrophilic

performance and a bad dryability while traditionalsynthetic fiber shows the

opposite way.


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90

380

680

0

200400600800

1000di f fuse

area(squaremi l l i meter)

Di f fuse area for di f f erent f i ber

fabri c( i n 30s)

PET

nyl on

cotton


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In order to modify to fiberand give it adsorptive andfast dry ability, there are

chemical and physicalmethods to changehydrophobic fiber into

hydrophilic fiber.


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chemical method:adsorptive

fiber is produced by reactordinary polymer with reactivematter.

physical method:we can makephysical treatment on the fiberto facilitate capillary effect

and increase adsorptive abilityof fiber.


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New modified polyester with goodNew modified polyester with good

hydrophilic abilityhydrophilic ability

hollow tiny porous fiber

special section fiber

surface tiny groove fiber


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Hollow tiny porous fiberHollow tiny porous fiber


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Special section fiberSpecial section fiber

It is refer to fibers withnon-circular section.

According to sectionshape, there are:


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Cross type


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W type


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Y type

H type

U type


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Fast dry ability is improvedby :

outside groove

air permeability of fabric andspecific area of fiber areincreased

capillary effect of fabric areimproved


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Among adsorptive and fast dry

fiber with special section,cross section fiber is mostcommon.


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In 1986, Du Pont developedcross section fiber CoolMaxwith four grooves on the

surface.

It has been very popularbecause of its excellent

adsorptive and fast dry ability.


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CTA has developed unique

sweat-absorption & fast dryyarn and fabric.

With special designed

structure and function, It hasgain wide market in China.


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Surface tiny groove fiberSurface tiny groove fiber

The improvedadsorptive andfast dry ability

of fabric whichmake skin feeldry and cool is

exhibited dueto:


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The tiny groove on fiber surface can

bring out capillary phenomenon. To mix with hydrophilic matter or

composite spinning can also improvethe hydrophilic adsorptive ability of

fiber. Finish with hydrophilic matter can

change the hydrophilic performanceof its surface.


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Temperature adjustable fiber and balmyTemperature adjustable fiber and balmy

fiberfiber Recently, it is reported that

scientists in United State has

developed a deodorant andanti-bacterial fiber.

The tiny capsule technology is

applied in the development ofthis type of fiber.


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There are many compositionsin the tiny capsule.

One is antibacterial matter and

essence which can beevaporated to prevent odor.


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The other is phase change

matter. The temperatureadjustable function can beachieved by the phase change

heat of material. The ultraviolet radiation

adsorbent is added into fiber

to give fabric multi-function.


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When evenly mixing essence

or balmy tiny capsule intochips to spin or placingessence into core by sheath

core spinning, balmy fiber isproduced.

Balmy fiber and its fabric is a

kind of product with highadditional value.


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4. Functional fiber for medical use4. Functional fiber for medical use

Functional fiber for medicaluse is the result from life

science and material science. It should also provide

biological compatibility and

biological degradation abilitybesides ordinaryperformances.


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Chitinfiber main traits :

good biological compatibility

strong biological activitythe function of antiinflammation,

pain ease,haemostasia and

antibacterialgood biological degradation


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Chitin is a natural glucidamin

polymer abstracted from shellof shrimp, crab and insects.


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Chitin fiber for clothesChitin fiber for clothes

microorganismrestraint and odor

adsorption comfortable wearing

and no simulative to

skin and adaptive toinfants to wear


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Chitin fiber for medical useChitin fiber for medical use

wound dressing

materials for

bone defection repair materials

for nerve

damnification


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Alginic fiber

Alginic fiber includes differentcompositions such as sodium

alginic, calcium alginic, alginicacid, mannose and glucose.

This material has gained wide

recognization and applicationin medical industry of worldwide.


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Curative effectCurative effect

Alginic fiber is fit for gauze,especially in bleeding,

suppuration. Excellent adsorptive ability is

one of major features of alginic

fiber.When calcified alginicacid can adsorb 17 times ofbody liquid.


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The fiber can show haemostasia

effect in only 5 minutes. Itscurative effect for abscess canreach to 80% while ordinary gauzecan only reach to 30%.

At present, CTA has developed theproduction technology of alginicfiber and its nonwoven product

and can fully meet variousrequirements.


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The development situation ofThe development situation of

functional fiberfunctional fiber

The functional textiles account

for 39% of all textiles in Japanwhile output of differentialfiber account for 50 % ofsynthetic fiber.


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New fibers come from naturalsource that areenvironmentally friendly andeasy processing and canprovide high performance andeasy care have been developedcontinuously in China.


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Bamboo fiber

Using bamboo which isuniquely abundant inChina, China has

developed bamboo fiber.

Bamboo fiber has becomeincreasingly popular at

present.


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Bamboo fiber is a long hollow fiber which isantiallergenic and can dye well.

It can be blended with other natural orman-made fiber and can fully satisfycustomersneeds.


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Bamboo fiber typesBamboo fiber types

There are two types for bamboofiber:

Viscose:to process bamboo materialinto slurry and get the regeneratedfiber.

Fibril:get rid of the lignin in

bamboo. Its a kind of highadsorptive fiber with differentsections.


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Other types

Now there are varieties offunctional fibers with wide range ofproperties have been developed.

Among them, flame retardant, farinfrared, ultra-UV, antibacterialfiber have formed a certain degree

production scale.


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Functional fiberFunctional fiber

development in Chinadevelopment in China

As the largest manufacturer andcustomer nation of chemical fiber in the

world as well as most rapidly developedcountry in chemical fiber productionscale, China has many advantages andexperiences in research, production and

equipment.


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However, because of over production ofordinary products while large amounts

of high performance, differential fibersand fabrics are still imported everyyear, reconstruction and modification tochemical fiber industry to develop more

functional fiber products have been aprimary topic in chemical fiber industry.


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R&D have developed various type of

functional fibers:

antibacterial

conductive

flame retardant

adsorptive and fast drybiological


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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

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25254809 Functional Fibers