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The Rise of Industry
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25.1 Introduction
After the Civil War, new business methods and inventions
enabledAmericans to create a much larger industry
Those employed in these new industries often lived and worked
inmiserable and dangerous conditions
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25.2 A NATION TRANSFORMED
What was industrialization?
Industrialization: the birth and growth of businesses that make
anddistribute products through the use of machinery
Who were entrepreneurs?
someone who starts a business and is good at making money
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The Growth of Big Business
Businesses got bigger because of new technology and
manufacturingpractices.
Business tycoons believed in laissez-faire, the theory
thateconomies worked best when governments didnt meddle in them
Businesses were happy to accept the governments subsidies
andhigh tariffs
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The Gilded Age
Business holders accumulated unbelievable sums of money
Newly rich filled their palace-like mansions with gaudy
decorations
Mark Twain called this era of showy wealth the Gilded Age
People were angry at the friendly relations between tycoons
andpoliticians, which ended in corruption
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25.3 Improved Technology
By 1860, industrialization was already in place
Trains, machines, and factories led to the decrease of hand
madeproducts.
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What was the age of steel?
Andrew Carnegie
This method was invented by Henry Bessemer from England
Andrew Carnegie discovered a less expensive method of
makingsteel
Steel replaced iron RR tracks and tools because of its
durability,
but it was very expensive
Because of this cost effective steel making method,
Carnegieannounced that Steel is king
HenryBessemer
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Steel Making
8
Steel is an alloy madeby combining iron andanother
element,usually carbon.
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Which material would you trust?
9
Iron Tracks? or Steel Tracks?
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Electric Power
10
Edison is responsible for the age of electricity.
He also invented the electrical power station
In 1876 Thomas Edison opened the Invention Factory which
produced inventions such as the lightbulb, phonograph,
motionpicture, etc.
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The Telephone
11
This invention allowed producers, sellers, and customers
tocommunicate efficiently.
A Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1976.
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New Production Methods
12
The assembly line and interchangeable parts were two
majortechniques of mass production that allowed workers to produce
moregoods per day at less cost.
By 1900, 4xs as many people worked in factories than theprevious
generation.
