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2500 years of learning theory: The good, the bad & the ugly from Donald Clark, Non-Executive Director, Learning Pool.
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2500 years of learning theory:The good, the bad & the ugly
How this relates to tech in learning
Donald Clark
“I know nothing that can be best taught by lectures”
Samuel Johnson
Holes in the researchArora (2010)
Erasmus University Rotterdam
“little real independent evidence, other than that provided by HiWEL “
“not comparing amount of time spent on hole-in-wall material with same time in school.. Comparison was meaningless”
“self-defeating… ‘hole-in-the-wall’ has become the ‘computer-in-the-school”
Holes in the researchMark Warschauer
Professor of Education University of California
“parents thought it irrelevant ““distracted the children from their homework ““most of the time they were playing games”“low level learning and not challenging”“no Hindi content (only language they knew)”
“overall the project was not very effective”
“it took me 30 minutes to think about and write this response. I would have spent the time on planning a new project for very poor children.
Would someone, perhaps Donald, like to take the responsibility for this wastage and the resultant loss to them.”
Sugata Mitra
TVFBIJFKCIAIBM
TV FBI JFK CIA IBM
Working memory
Semantic/episodic memory
Cues
Deliberate practice
Dec 2010
Dec 2010
Learning styles and pedagogy in post -16 learning – A systematic and critical reviewThis report critically reviews the literature on learning styles and examines in detail 13 of the most influential models. The report concludes that it matters fundamentally which instrument is chosen. The implications for teaching and learning in post-16 learning are serious and should be of concern to learners, teachers and trainers, managers, researchers and inspectors.
Black & WilliamInside the Black Box
Formative feedback key to better learning•Rarely diagnostic•Be specific and constructive•Hinge questions
•Tests are terminal •DON’T mark
https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=inside+the+black+box&oq=inside+the+black+box&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.5985j0j4&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8
Black & WilliamInside the Black Box
Avoid marking:•Poor as formative assessment•Mark of fixed ability - says nothing about improvement•Even high achievers – done enough, not full competence•Tests are terminal – mark of Cain
1
Techology as trainer
‘organize world's information & make it universally accessible & useful’
•Profound pedagogic productivity shift•Outsourced memory
2
Techology as trainer
Video
MOOCs
Over 1 billion unique users a monthOver 6 billion hours watched a month (An hour for every person on Earth)100 hours uploaded every minute Localised 61 countries 61 languagesMore than any cable networkA LEARNING PLATFORM
33,856 videos 477,248,454 views 2,154,827 subscribers
3
Techology as trainer
MOOCs
“Love or hate them MOOCs have forced open a debate at policy level on digital education”
“touch learners much more than you might think”
“courses can be run at surprisingly large scale”
“Accelerated a range of technological innovations doing things at scale – peer assessment”
2020•10,000,000 students•“Without technology this is undoable”
• 75% would treat job-related MOOCs positively in hiring
• 71% would use them in future• 57% could see using MOOCs for
recruitment• positive reaction across all sectors
Employers and MOOCs (Duke):
4
Techology as trainer
VR is not a device but a
medium
VR
Oculus Rift
$2 billion
Games
TV & Film
Dec 2010
Education
5
Techology as trainer
Spaced practice
Spaced practice
1. Start and end
2. Notes
3. Sleep
4. Games5. Adaptive
6. Social Media
- Email | Facebook/Twitter | Blogs
7. Mobile
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Donald Clark
Website
www.PlanBlearning.com
BlogdonaldclarkplanB.blogspot.com
Twitter@donaldclark
Facebookdonaldclark
