24.2: War in Europe

OBJECTIVE: Learn about the causes of

WWII.

Identify the reasons for appeasement and its failure.

British Prime MinistersNeville Chamberlain & Winston Churchill

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THEIR RESPONSES TO HITLER

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/images/churchill_neville_chamberlain.jpghttp://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/content/images/2005_1053.JPG

Timeline of Appeasement11/1937 Hitler declares need for “lebensraum” 3/1938 Hitler orders invasion of Austria #1Spr. 1938 Hitler menaces Sudetenland #2,

Czechoslovakia9/30/1938 Munich Pact

Neville Chamberlin of UK and Daladier of France try appeasement and “give” Sudetenland to Germany. Winston Churchill makes unheeded protest.

3/15/1939 Germany invades CzechoslovakiaSpr. 1939 Hitler menaces Poland8/23/1939 Hitler and Stalin sign nonaggression pact

#39/1/1939 Hitler invades Poland with blitzkrieg #4

IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2

EVENT DATE DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE

Union w/ Austria

Map: German and Italian Expansion, 1933-1942

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Blitzkrieg =“lightning war”STRATEGY: to shock enemy troops with force and speed

of your forcesTACTICS:1. Dive-bombers and long-range artillery hit key

targets: bridges, bases, airfields, roads and railroads2. Paratroopers drop behind enemy lines to cause

confusion and disrupt communications 3. Tanks and motorized infantry make strong thrust

along central axis of attack.4. Regular infantry fans out from main axis to

consolidate and secure gainsOUTCOME:

Fixed defensive positions become a liability, rather than an advantage NO MORE TRENCHES!!!

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/launch_ani_fall_france_campaign.shtml

Map: The German Advance, 1939-1942

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

The Fall of

France

• Poland falls in 3 weeks.• PHONY WAR begins #5• Netherlands, Belgium, & Luxembourg by May 1940. • Germans by-pass Maginot Line. Allied forces are cut-off.• Mrashall Petain makes separate peace with Hitler, “Vichy”

regime in Southern France.• France falls June 1940. #6• Remnants of French and UK forces, approx. 340,000, escape

at Dunkirk. • Gen. Charles de Gaulle leads French troops/govt. in exile.

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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Evacuation_@_dunkirk_chaos.jpg

Evacuation at Dunkirk, FranceJune 1940

The BlitzRESULT: China falls to Japan. Finland Falls to Russia.Spain falls to Franco.Czechoslovakia, Austria, Poland, Denmark, Norway,

& France fall to Germany.

After the disaster at Dunkirk, only Britain remains to resist totalitarianism in Europe.

http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/index.jsp?id=tdih_0311

Battle of Britain #7

• Summer 1940, Germany prepares to invade UK

• British navy blocks sea, therefore Germany attacks by air with Luftwaffe

• Bombed London constantly for 2 months

• UK has radar, able to use its Royal Air Force to repel invasion

http://news.bbc.co.uk/furniture/in_depth/uk/2000/battle_of_britain/battle_intro_map.gif

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/images/spit_3vw.gif

Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.

June 4, 1940House of Commons

We Shall Fight on the Beaches-Winston Churchill

http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/index.jsp?id=v3t4

IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2

EVENT DATE DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE

Union w/ Austria

Bargaining for the Sudetenland

USSR declares neutrality

Blitzkrieg in Poland

The Phony War

Fall of France

Battle of Britain

http://www.captain-america.us/ww2-wallpaper.htm