24 x 7 in Rural Water Supply Is a Reality Punjab Experience – Punjab Experience Presentation by: Er. N.K. Dhir SE, Chandigarh

24 x 7 in Rural Water Supply Is a Reality – Punjab ExperiencePunjab Experience

Presentation by: Er. N.K. Dhir SE, Chandigarh

Alice in WonderlandAlice in Wonderland

Alice : “Which road do I take?”Cheshire Cat : “Where do you want to go?”Alice : “I don’t know,”Cheshire Cat : “Then, it doesn’t matter.”

“If you don’t know where you are going, any road will get you there.”

Safe & adequate water readily and conveniently accessible by users at all times and in all situations.

Intermittent supply gives rise to the following deficiencies in the service and its management:

Serious risks to health, resulting from ingress of contaminated groundwater to the distribution system;

Inability to practice efficient supply management; Inability to practice effective demand management; Operational inadequacies which unduly weaken the physical

infrastructure; Customer dissatisfaction with an unreliable service of poor quality. Customer inconvenience, in many cases to an unacceptable degree,

by limiting personal water usage to below the level required for the practice of safe hygiene and translating into an unwillingness to pay for a sub-standard service.

How this contaminated water can enter water distribution pipes when they have been emptied down at the end of a supply period.

Schematic view - Showing the accumulation of groundwater Schematic view - Showing the accumulation of groundwater contaminated by sewage, oils, greases and heavy metals in contaminated by sewage, oils, greases and heavy metals in run-off from roads run-off from roads

Schematic view - Showing how this contaminated water within the pipes Schematic view - Showing how this contaminated water within the pipes is then transmitted through to the customer’s premises when the is then transmitted through to the customer’s premises when the distribution system is pressurized next.distribution system is pressurized next.

Schematics view - Showing If a distribution system is continuously pressurized, it is not possible for contaminated groundwater to enter the pipes, even when there are breaks in the pipes and joints.

A continuous, 24-7 supply is the norm in the rest of the world. All developed countries have continuous water supply systems. In the United Kingdom, for example, if the water supply to an area must be interrupted, for whatever reason, the water company must pay a monetary penalty to every customer in that area for every day that the supply is interrupted for a given number of hours.

The question of affordability can be viewed from two perspectives from the perspective of the customer of the water service; and from the perspective of the overall economics of the entire system and the provision of a cost-effective service.Punjab experience shows that intermittent water supply can be converted to 24 X 7 water supply with minor additions.

Making aware and sensitizing the people of the village about the scheme. Generating Participatory Rural Appraisal. Forming Gram Panchayat Water Supply Committee.Providing Capacity Building Training. • Training on project concepts,• Role of GPWSC/GP/Opinion Leaders during pre- planning &

planning phase .• Training on quality aspects in implementation phase.• Training for operation and management aspects to the Pump

Operators/Technicians, officials handling the Accounts and Billing (post implementation phase).

Effective Monitoring & Training Is Essential

Meters Successfully address the issue of unequal distribution of drinking water,

Misuse of water by advantage groups, Constant complaints about inadequate supply of drinking water. Non-payment of water tariff due to poor services and unbalanced

budget leading to huge pending electricity bills and diversion of development funds towards maintenance of schemes by the GPs.

Meters save water and energy cost. Eventually, every household gets water supply and pays according

to what it uses. The meters also trigger the professionalization of the GPWSCs . GPWSCs begin to hire and manage technical staff,

Fix and adjust tariff to fully cover increasing operation and maintenance (O&M) cost.

Charge on volumetric basis, and develop a computerized billing and collection system. In fact, GPWSCs manage their water supply systems on a utility management model.

The introduction of meters helps the GPs, with support from GPWSCs, to fulfill the requirements of Government along with delivering a much better service.

GPWSCs managing piped water systems with metered connections are able to meet O&M expenditure in a better way.

Enhance transparency of the working of GPWSC making them better equipped to report to GP authorities and the Gram Sabha.

Intermittent supply can be converted into 24 X 7 Water supply by installing a liquid level controller in the Over Head Service Reservoir & by installing meter in each & every household of the village and by employing an effective revenue management system. It is not costly as the investment on these items can be offset by the benefits of reducing non revenue water.

Revenue management system is an important aspect of any Water supply System to make it self sustainable. Besides fixing a tariff structure, billing and collection of revenue play an important part.

A bulk water meter of 100 mm size has been installed at the entry point of each village to measure the quantity of water supplied to the village.

15 mm size water meters have been installed inside the houses by DWSS. In case of malfunctioning of meters, the manufacturer has to rectify it free of cost for a period of one year.

Thereafter, the GPWSC through identified mechanics shall maintain a system of meter maintenance arrangements.

Meter readings in each house is undertaken by pump operator / cashier on 25th of every month. The meter reading record is maintained in a register.

The signature of every consumer is taken on the register about the correctness of meter reading.

The monthly tariff has been fixed by the GPWSCs by taking into account the expenditure on the following heads to make GPWSC self sufficient.

• Electricity Charges for running of machinery.• Establishment Charges.• Repair of Infrastructure such as machinery, pipe lines &

Civil structure.• Cost of disinfection.

At present the water bills are prepared by cashier but soon preparation of the bills will be outsourced to a computer agency.

DWSS has already outsourced the preparation of water bills to the “Department of Electronics and Accreditation of Computer Courses (DOEACC) , Sector 17 Chandigarh”.

GPWSC shall be persuaded to outsource the preparation of bills to DOEACC. The agency would charge Re.1 for the preparation of each water bill which will be borne by the consumers/GPWSC on trial basis.

Collection of water bills is done by the Pump operator/ Cashier. In case of any default in meter during use, an average bill of previous three months usage will be charged.

The GPWSC will supply new water meters in lieu of faulty meters. The charges for the new meter will be borne by the consumer.

If any consumer is found guilty of misusing the water, his water connection will be disconnected & reconnection charges will be met by the consumer.

From the experience gained by the Department it can be concluded that without metering 24 X 7 water supply status cannot be achieved.

PapralaRasulpurRailon KhurdChitmali

District : SAS Nagar

District : Ropar

District : Fatehgarh Sahib

The Water supply scheme Paprala is situated about 45 km from Chandigarh on Chandigarh- Ropar Road. This village is about 2 km on left side from main road.Population: - The present population of the villages Paprala, Railon Khurd & Rasulpur are about 922, 713 & 521 having 160, 115, 85 drinking water connections respectively.Previous water supply System: - Previously these villages were NC villages. Residents were facing great scarcity of water as level of water used to fall gradually during some season.

The proactive people of village Paprala, Railon Khurd & Rasulpur unanimously decided to approach Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Department Punjab to get World Bank Aided Project in their village. Department officials visited these villages and hold preliminary dialogues with the community on their needs, problems and priorities in relation to water and sanitation and they asked the villagers to collect their beneficiary share of Rs.1500/ household and people were made aware about the ill effects of the contaminated water and water borne diseases. Gram Panchayat Water Supply Committees were formed under the Prime Chairmanship of S. Dial Singh (Sarpanch) according to World Bank guidelines and with cooperation of members collected their beneficiary contribution to the extent of Rs 5.02 lacs.

As per guidelines of the World Bank Project, GPWSCs were constituted and resolution in this regard was received on 07-12-2005. The GPWSC was approved by District Water Supply and Sanitation Committee. GPWSC has opened bank account in State Bank of Patiala, Ropar. The committee collected 100% beneficiary share and deposited in bank account. Digital Survey of the village was conducted. DSR was prepared and submitted to Govt. for approval. Pb. Govt. No. 168 dt. 12.1.06 for Rs. 55.19 lacs & was technically sanctioned by C.E. (south) Patiala No. 50024 dt. 9.10.2006. The bid of the work of this scheme was prepared and sanctioned in five packages. The tender was called through press and on World Bank Website from 28-05-2007 to 28-06-2007. The tender of five packages of this scheme was approved by tender accepting committee in the month of August, 2007. The work was commissioned in the month of Aug, 2009 and handed over to GPWSC in the month of Sept, 2009 for O & M.

Design features: The GPWSC started the O & M with the help of

Department but in the beginning the wastage of drinking water was very much and committee could not control the wastage. Due to this the expenditure on electricity bill and other expenses was high and savings of the committee was not very good. The Committee discussed this problem with the department and demanded water meter at every connection.

Technical Parameters: The department installed 90mm, 90mm &

75mm size Bulk Water Meters at water works for villages Paprala, Railon Khurd & Rasulpur & individual water meters of 15mm size at every connection. So that wastage of drinking water can be controlled. Sr. No. Name of Village No. of Meters Cost of Metering

(in Lacs)

1. Paprala 160 1.70

2. Railon Khurd 115 1.23

3. Rasulpur 85 1.00

Financial Parameters: Before the installation of water meter, running of

motor was 6 to 7 hours a day and consumers get only six hours water supply in a day. Now the running of motor is 5 hours a day and consumers get 24 hours water supply. The electricity bill prior to installation of meter was Rs. 11000/- and after the installation of water meter the average electric bill is Rs 8000/- . The flat rate prior to installation of water meter was Rs. 75/- per household. Now tariff is Rs. 30/- per house hold as monthly minimum charges plus Rs. 5/- per kilo liter. The villagers have no necessity for any kind of storage and saved their time. Now the wastage of water is below 10%.

Social Parameters: The health of villagers improved due to 24 hours

drinking water supply and sufficient time is devoted to their agriculture activities. On this account the financial position of the villagers has also improved. It has also improved the health of domestic animals resulting the increase in milk production. After interaction with the village people it has been noticed that after commissioning of this water supply scheme, general health of people has improved to considerable extent.

24 x 7 Metered 24 x 7 Metered Water Water Supply SchemesSupply Schemes

S. No

District Name of village

Month of commissioning

Metered From

No. of HH

No. of IHH connections

% connections

Monthly tariff(in Rs.)

Surplus revenue

generated(In Rs. up to 31-10-2011 )

1 Mohali Singhpura Oct - 09 Aug, 2010 159 175* 100Rs. 60/- Flat fixed + Rs. 4

per KL14500/-

2 Mohali Sitabgarh Oct - 09 Oct, 2010 120 120 100Rs. 60/- Flat fixed + Rs. 3

per KL 24000/-

3 Mohali Daun Majra Jan - 10 Sep, 2011 220 220 100Rs. 60/- Flat fixed + Rs. 4

per KL 62359/-

4 Mohali Bhajouli Jan - 10 Oct, 2011 232 232 100Rs. 60/- Flat fixed + Rs. 3

per KL

25000/-

5 Mohali Fatehgarh Jan - 10 Oct, 2011 116 116 100

Rs. 60/- Flat fixed + Rs. 4

per KL 30000/-

District : MOHALI

*Some House Holds have more than one connection.


S.no District Name of village Month of commissionin

g

Metered From No. of HH

No. of IHH connection

s

% connections

Monthly tariff(in Rs.)

Surplus revenue generated

(In Rs. up to 31-10-2011 )

1 Ropar Paprala Aug - 09 Feb, 2011 145 160* 100

Rs. 30/- Flat fixed +

Rs. 5 per KL 104400/-2 Ropar Rasulpur Aug - 09 Feb, 2011

105 115* 100

3 Ropar Railon Khurd Aug - 09 Feb, 201185 85 100

4 Ropar ChitamaliJan - 10 June, 2011 229 235* 100

Rs. 40/- Flat fixed + Rs. 3

per KL 28000/-

District : ROPAR

*Some House Holds have more than one connection.


S. No

District Name of village

Month of commissioning

Metered From

No. of HH

No. of IHH connections

% connections Monthly tariff

(in Rs.)

Surplus revenue

generated(In Rs. up to 31-10-2011 )

1 Fatehgarh Sahib

Manhera Jattan September 08 Dec, 2011 124 124 100 100/- 64118/-

2 Fatehgarh Sahib Dedran September 09 Dec, 2011 89 89 100 90/- 10200/-

District : Fatehgarh Sahib

Villages

Su

rplu

s R

even

ue

in

Rs.

32

Delegates of Department Of Economic Affair, Government Of India And World Bank Visiting 24x7 Village Singhpura

33

Delegates of Department Of Economic Affair, Government Of India And World Bank Visiting 24x7 Village Singhpura

Delegates of Department Of Economic Affair, Government Of India And World Bank Visiting 24x7 PAPRALA Scheme Ropar

Delegates of Department Of Economic Affair, Government Of India And World Bank Visiting 24x7 PAPRALA Scheme Ropar

Sh. Gurnam Singh Cashier GPWSC Singhpura showing the records of Water Supply Scheme to Sh. Vijay Bhaskar, IAS Joint Secretary Govt. of India

Mr Vijay Bhaskar IAS, Joint Secretary DDWS Govt. of India interacting with GPWSC members of village Singhpura

Amount billed Rs. 23000/-

Amount collected Rs. 22700/-

Amount spent Rs. 19000/-

Pump operator (part time)

Rs. 3000/-

Cashier (part time) Rs. 1000/-

Electricity charges Rs. 12000/-

Disinfection Rs. 1500/-

Routine repairs Rs. 1500/-

Amount billed Rs. 19500/-

Amount collected Rs. 19000/-

Amount spent Rs. 15600/-

Pump operator (part time)

Rs. 3000/-

Cashier (part time) Rs. 1000/-

Electricity charges Rs. 9000/-

Disinfection Rs. 1500/-

Routine repairs Rs. 1100/-

Evaluation of Performance Evaluation of Performance of 24 x7 Water Supplyof 24 x7 Water Supply

Multi Village Scheme Paprala (Paprala, Rasulpur, Railon Khurd). Single Village Scheme Chitamali. Single Village Scheme Singhpura.

Sr. No.

Month DateBulk Meter

Reading (KL)

Consumption as per Bulk Meter

( KL)

Consumption as per House hold

Meters ( KL)

Difference ( Non Revenue

water in KL)

% Non Revenue Water

1. February1-2-2011 13339

739 706 33 4.46%28-2-2011 14078

2. March1-3-2011 14078

1379 1320 59 4.28%31-3-2011 14457

3. April1-4-2011 14457

1669 1571 98 5.87%30-4-2011 17126

4. May1-5-2011 17126

1762 1691 71 4%31-05-2011 18888

5. June1-6-2011 18888

1784 1724 60 3.36%30-6-2011 20672

6. July1-7-2011 20672

2217 2128 89 4%31-7-2011 22889

7. August1-8-2011 22889

1604 1524 80 5%31-8-2011 24493

8. September1-9-2011 24493

1279 1240 39 3%30-9-2011 25772

9. October1-10-2011 25772

832 807 25 3%31-10-2011 26604

Village Paprala

Non revenue water (NRW) is water that has been produced and is “lost” before it reaches the consumer. Losses can be real losses (through leaks, sometimes also referred to as physical losses) or apparent losses (for example through theft or metering inaccuracies).

Sr. No.


Reading (KL)


( KL)

Consumption as per House hold Meters

(KL)

Difference ( Non

Revenue Water in KL)

% Non Revenue

Water

1. February1-2-2011 12862

1203 1153 50 4.3%28-2-2011 14065

2. March1-3-2011 14065

1636 1557 79 4.8%31-3-2011 15701

3. April1-4-2011 15701

2013 1886 127 6.3%30-4-2011 17714

4. May1-5-2011 17714

2568 2379 189 7.3%31-05-2011 20282

5. June1-6-2011 20282

2198 2109 89 4%30-6-2011 22480

6. July1-7-2011 22480

2301 2160 141 6%31-7-2011 24781

7. August1-8-2011 24781

2541 2439 102 4%31-8-2011 27322

8. September1-9-2011 27322

1923 1814 109 5%30-9-2011 29245

9. October1-10-2011 29245

2067 1988 79 4%31-10-2011 31312

Village Railon Khurd


Sr. No.


Reading (KL)


( KL)

Consumption as per House hold Meters

( KL)

Difference ( Non Revenue

Water in KL)

% Non Revenue

Water

1. February1-2-2011 4385

1265 1193 72 5.6%28-2-2011 5650

2. March1-3-2011 5650

2940 2795 145 4.9%31-3-2011 8690

3. April1-4-2011 8690

3027 2818 209 6.9%30-4-2011 11617

4. May1-5-2011 11617

3811 3598 213 5.5%31-05-2011 15428

5. June1-6-2011 15428

1442 1388 54 3.74%30-6-2011 16870

6. July1-7-2011 16870

2521 2420 101 4%31-7-2011 19391

7. August1-8-2011 19391

1812 1757 55 3%31-8-2011 21203

8. September1-9-2011 21203

1352 1295 57 4%30-9-2011 22555

9. October1-10-2011 22555

3325 3258 67 2%31-10-2011 25880

Village Rasulpur


Multi Village Scheme Paprala, Rasulpur & Multi Village Scheme Paprala, Rasulpur & Railon KhurdRailon Khurd


Sr. No.


Reading (KL)


( KL)

Consumption as per House hold

Meters ( KL)

Difference ( Non

Revenue Water)

% Non Revenue

Water

1. June

1-6-2011 0

5679 5298 381 6 %30-6-2011 5679

2. July1-7-2011 5679

5463 5304 159 2.9%31-7-2011 11142

3. August

1-8-2011 11142

6939 6592 347 5%31-8-2011 18081

4. September

1-9-2011 18081

7420 7123 297 4%30-9-2011 25501

5. October1-10-2011 25501

7228 6866 362 5%31-10-2011 32729

Village Chitamali


Village Singhpura


Village Singhpura


Paprala Rasulpur Railon Khurd

100 % 100 % 100%

70 lpcd 70 lpcd 70 lpcd

Nil Nil Nil

Intermittent

Not known

100 % Potable

100 %

72 %

100 %

Nine Performance Nine Performance Indicators Indicators




100 % 100 % 100%


Nil Nil Nil

Intermittent

4.17 % 4.52 % 5.2 %

100 % Potable

100 %

80 %

100 %

Singhpura Sitabgarh Chitamali

100 % 100 % 100%


Nil Nil Nil

6 hrs. Intermittent

6 hrs. Intermittent

6 hrs. Intermittent

Not known

100 % Potable

100 %

80 % 73 % 85 %

100 %



Singhpura Sitabgarh Chitamali

100 % 100 % 100%


100 % 100 % 100 %

24 Hrs. 24 hrs. 24 hrs.

8.38% 4.73 % 4.5 %

100 % Potable

100 % Potable

100 % Potable

100 % 100 % 100 %

94 % 97 % 98 %

100 % 100 % 100 %

Both rich and poor will benefit from a properly managed continuously pressurized (24/7) supply system. Despite the fact that many people still regard 24/7 water as a luxury for the rich, it is actually the poor who will observe the greatest improvement in their lives. While most upper income families have already invested in storage tanks, pumps and treatment systems in order to compensate for their water board’s failure to provide 24/7 service, the poor can never afford such investments.

Usually water supply is made twice/thrice a day to the village community at the rate of 3hrs each time which is equal to 6 hrs. Alternatively due to non-availability of power in the day time, the distribution hours may be restricted to 4 hrs a day. It may be further kept in mind that demand of water is more in the morning shift which may be 1.25 - 2.5 times of the average daily demand. Hence peak factor for designing the distribution system shall be worked out.

Calculation of peak flow rate for designing the peak flow rate:

Case - Supply time : 6 hrs. Average Daily Demand: Q LPD Total water supply duration: 6 hrs. Average supply rate: 24/6xQ =

4Q Morning peak rate: 2 So design peak rate: 2x4Q = 8Q

The size of distribution pipe shall be calculated on the basis of discharge to be carried by the pipe line, pressure requirement and number of connections to be drawn form the pipe by using following formula:Number of connections = [D^2/d^2]

Where ‘D’ is diameter of main pipe & ‘d’ is the diameter of pipe. For example if diameter of main pipe is 150mm & branch pipe is 90mm then number of branch pipe connections = 3.58 say 3.

Maintaining low or no NRW (Non Revenue Water).

Ensuring regularity in user fee collection.

Water conserving habits of people.Populist policies of the successive

Governments. Meter Maintenance.

Keeping in view the success achieved in

villages like Singhpura & Sitabgarh it is proposed

to adopt this model of 24 X 7 metered water

supply in at least 50 villages in this financial year.

As mentioned in this presentation we have

achieved already 24 X 7 in 11 villages & others are

underway.

24 X 7 water supply costs less to operate & provides high benefits.

Documents

24 x 7 in Rural Water Supply Is a Reality Punjab Experience – Punjab Experience Presentation by: Er. N.K. Dhir SE, Chandigarh