2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules BELL RINGER [3 Minutes] Mark K/S/H/D
for new Macromolecules Vocabulary Words Write ONE sentence using
ONE AWL Word
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules MYP Biology: The Macromolecules of
Life
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules All Life on Earth is Carbon-Based
CARBON is one of the four elements that makes up most living
things. Since Carbon atoms can make COVALENT bonds with up to four
other atoms, it forms the backbone of all of the essential
molecules that make up living things.
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules What does it mean for a molecule to
be Organic or Inorganic? Molecules that contain carbon are called
ORGANIC. (There are a few exceptions to thisCO 2 for example, is
considered inorganic) INORGANIC molecules do not contain
carbon.
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules What are Macromolecules?
Macromolecules are large, CARBON-based, organic molecules. There
are four major types: 1.CARBOHYDRATES 2.LIPIDS 3.PROTEINS 4.NUCLEIC
ACIDS
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules What are Monomers and Polymers? Many
carbon-based molecules are made up of smaller subunits joined
together: The individual subunits are called MONOMERS. Multiple
monomers join together to make POLYMERS.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules LIPIDS MONOMER: Fatty Acid POLYMER:
Lipids FUNCTION: Energy storage, cell signaling (hormones),
insulation of body, cell membrane structure STRUCTURE: Long
carbon-based straight chains (C,H,O) EXAMPLES: Cholesterol and
other steroids, oils, and fats
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules PROTEINS MONOMER: Amino Acid
POLYMER: Protein FUNCTION: Body structure, vision, movement,
speed-up chemical reactions STRUCTURE: Folded-up chains of 20
different types of amino acids (C,H,O,N) EXAMPLES: Hemoglobin,
Keratin, Insulin, Myosin
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules NUCLEIC ACIDS MONOMER: Nucleotide
POLYMER: Nucleic Acid FUNCTION: Store and express genetic
information STRUCTURE: Long chains of nucleotides (C,H,O,N), DNA
helix EXAMPLES: DNA, RNA
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules Name this Macromolecule Stores and
expresses genetic info of cells Made up of nucleotide monomers
Examples: DNA & RNA NUCLEIC ACIDS
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules Name this Macromolecule Primary
energy source of cells Often called sugars or saccharides Examples:
Glucose, Lactose, Starch CARBOHYDRATES
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules Name this Macromolecule Stores extra
energy in organisms Makes up hormones (signaling molecules)
Insulates and protects body Makes up cell membranes Often called
fats Examples: Cholesterol, oils LIPIDS
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules Name this Macromolecule Builds body
structure Speeds-up chemical reactions Helps with movement and
vision Made up of Amino Acid monomers Examples: Hemoglobin, Keratin
PROTEINS
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2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules Card-sort Activity: In groups, sort
the nine molecule cards into 3 groups of three based on their
qualities PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS
