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21st Century Agriculture inAgriculture in Northern
New England
Steve Whitman
Today…
• Defining Permaculture
• Adaptation Planning and Food
• Land ProtectionLand Protection
• Local Food Economies
Di i• Discussion
Introduction to Permaculture
“We don't know what the details of a truly sustainable future are going to be like but we need options we to be like, but we need options, we need people experimenting in all p p p g
kinds of ways and Permaculturistsa e o e of the c itical g o ps doi g are one of the critical groups doing
that.” David Suzuki
Definition:
Permaculture is an approach to designing human settlements and agricultural systems that are modeled on the relationships found in natural ecologies.
We design ecosystems!
We should strive for ili !resilience!
Introduction to Permaculture
Scale of Application…
• Rural to UrbanRural to Urban
Fl B • Flower Box to Community Scale
• Not black and white
Introduction to Permaculture
Permaculture is modeled after nature…
…Permaculture involves many hands
Introduction to Permaculture
The Origin of “Permanent Culture”The Origin of Permanent Culture
Permanent AgriculturePermanent Agriculture- Coined in King’s 1911 “Farmers of Forty Centuries: Or
Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea and Japan”
- Smith’s 1929 “Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture”
- Fukuoka’s “One Straw Revolution” in the 1930s
Introduction to Permaculture
From David Holmgren
Why Permaculture?
One of the most holistic, integrated system analysis and design tools in the world!
Introduction to Permaculture
g y y g
Ethics and PrinciplesEarth Care People Care Fair Share• Observe and Interact • Design from Patterns to
• Catch and Store Energy
• Obtain a Yield
gDetails
• Integrate Rather Than S t• Apply Self Regulation and
Accept Feedback
• Use and Value Renewable
Segregate
• Use Small and Slow Solutions
• Use and Value Diversity• Use and Value Renewable Resources and Services
• Produce no Waste
Use and Value Diversity
• Use Edges and Value the Marginal
• Creatively Use and Respond to Change
Introduction to Permaculture
We need to see our communities as the e eed to see ou co u t es as t e ecosystems they are and consider how the components of these places could be better p p d b bintegrated.
Permaculture Path to Resilience
• Bloomington, Indiana “Redefining g , gProsperity: Energy Descent and Community Resilience” Adopted in 2009
R d ti i l d• Recommendations include:– new transportation efforts
– creating a centralized composting system g p g y
– removing and reducing the legal, institutional, and cultural barriers to farming within and around the cityfarming within and around the city.
Introduction to Permaculture
Permaculture Path to Resilience
• Transition Towns– Born out of Permaculture
– At least 108 official Transition Town I iti ti i USInitiatives in US
– More than 400 initiatives worldwide
Introduction to Permaculture
Permaculture Path to Resilience
• Stormwater and more – Brad Lancaster - TucsonStormwater and more Brad Lancaster Tucson
1994 2006
Introduction to Permaculture
Community Applications…
• Master Plans;Master Plans;
• Land Use Regulations;
N R l • Non-Regulatory Initiatives;
• Department polices;
• Etc.
Introduction to Permaculture
"We're only truly secure when we can look out We re only truly secure when we can look out our kitchen window and see our food growing and our friends working nearby " and our friends working nearby.
Bill M lliBill Mollison
Introduction to Permaculture