-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
1/12
Matter is everything around us that has massand occupies
space.
Living things and non-living things are matter.
WHAT IS MATTER?
Non-living Things
Air, water, wood andsoil
Living Things
Insect, birds andhuman beings.
Non matter : Heat, Light and Sound
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
2/12
Showing that matter has mass andoccupies space
Pin
Two balance balloon
Air leaksfrom theballoon The balloon
filled with airis heavier
P Q
P
Q
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
3/12
Matter is made up of very small and discrete particleswhich we
call atoms, ionsand molecules.
Matter exists in three states. They are either solids,
liquids or gases.
THE STATES OF MATTER
Potassiummanganate
(Vll)
Water
Potassiummanganate(Vll) solution
Showing that matter is made up of particles.
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
4/12
The arrangement of particles in matter
The particles arearranged closelyand there are verylittle
spacebetweenthe particles.
Has a fixed volume,a fixed shapeandcannot compressed.
The particles arearranged closelybut there is morespacebetween
theparticles.
Has a definitevolume, but notdefinite shapeanddifficult
tocompress.
The particles arefurther apart andthere is a lot ofspacebetween
theparticles.
Has no definitevolume and shape.Can be compressedwith ease.
Solids Liquids Gases
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
5/12
Kinetic Theory Of Matter
The Kinetic Theory of Matter explains theforces between
molecules and the movement
of particlesin matter.
The movement of particles in different matteris not same,
depends on the temperature and
attraction force between the particles.
If the temperature is increased the kinetic
energy of particles also increase.
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
6/12
The particlesare held closelytogether by verystrong forces.
They can only
vibrate fromside to side andspin aroundtheir.
The particles arefurther apart andvibrate but not infixed
positions.
They move
randomly and thecollision betweenthese particlestake
placefrequently.
The particle are
widely space andmove randomly in alldirections at highspeed.
Collisions between
gas particles takeplace morefrequently thancollision particles
ofliquids.
The movement of particles in matter
Solids Liquids Gases
4 h
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
7/12
Questions.1. Classify the following as solids, liquids or gases
at
room temperaturea. Ice e. Lead
b. Methane f. Steam
c. Hydrogen g.Alcohol
d. Mercury
2. When 50 ml of alcohol is mixed with 50 ml of water in
ameasuring cylinder, the volume of the mixture is lessthan 100 ml.
what can you infer from this?
A. The alcohol particles combine with the water particlesB. The
alcohol particles evaporate rapidly in water
C. The alcohol particles fill the spaces between the water
particles
D. The alcohol particles move closer in water
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
8/12
M TTER ROUND USMATTER
What is matter?
Arrangement of particles
Theory kinetic of particles
Three States of Matter
Liquids GasesSolids
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
9/12
Solid
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
10/12
Liquid
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
11/12
Gas
-
8/13/2019 2.1Kinetic Theory of Matter
12/12
Question 2c.The alcohol particles fill
the spaces between thewater particles
