21981161 Student Manual for Students in Hap Ki Do Training

Student Manual

forStudents in Hapkido Training

Copyright 2008 LifeLong Martial Arts Page 2 of 14

Student Rules

Bow as you enter or leave the front door of the training hall. The purpose of bowing is to show your respect for your place of learning. If you arrive during a class in progress, bow in and line up at the end of the last row. The instructor will assume that you have a valid reason for being late. Do not leave class without your instructor's permission and always bow out.

Never correct an instructor. If you have been told more than one way to perform a technique, consider yourself lucky. All students must be courteous and obey ranking belts. Always turn away from higher-ranking belts when straightening your dobok. Ranking belts are expected to be role models for lower belts.

The following are prohibited in the dojang: smoking, intoxication, chewing gum, loud laughter, obscene language, horseplay, arguing, or lounging. Students are to project a positive image at all times.

Always wear a clean black dobok in class, and NO jewelry except for a flat wedding band. Never wash your belt. Holes or tears in doboks must be repaired ASAP. Never wear your dobok to and from class except for outdoor classes. Never wear shoes in the training area except when given permission. Women are required to wear a sports bra and/or T-shirt beneath the dobok top. Doboks are not to be pinned for safety reasons.

Fingernails and toenails must be clean and trimmed. Practice good hygiene at all times. Long hair must be kept away from the face with a simple (and safe) band or clasp that holds the hair securely. Students who have open cuts or abrasions must wear protective dressings over the area.

Do not demonstrate or teach techniques outside of the school without permission from your instructor. Practice of all techniques is done under the supervision of the ranking black belts and with the proper safety equipment.

Never say anything negative about other martial arts or schools; all martial arts lead you to the same destination.

Should any student experience excessive force from another student (regardless of rank) during the practice of techniques, (1) inform the person that the technique is excessive, (2) should the excessive force continue, excuse yourself, and speak to the head instructor. Do not engage in a show of force. It is difficult to train with injuries. Training partners are just that – partners, not opponents. Report all injuries, no matter how slight, to the instructors.

THESE RULES ARE FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL STUDENTS. VIOLATIONS CAN LEAD TO BELT DEMOTION, SUSPENSION, OR PERMANENT DISMISSAL FROM THE SCHOOL.


The School

USKMAF

The United States Korean Martial Arts Federation's roots go back to the late 1970's when several American instructors in the Southeastern United states joined forces in order to increase the amount of knowledge available to their students. By conducting clinics, seminars, and testings at central locations, these instructors set a new higher standard for the average student to attain. During the late 1980's, under the leadership of GM J. R. West, interest in the organization has gone well beyond its original regional boundaries and became the USKMAF that exists today. Regular attendance at organizational twice-yearly seminars is expected. It is a USKMAF goal to instruct first and certify second. Please visit the USKMAF website at www.hapkido.com.

About the Instructor

Mr. John Krause has been practicing martial arts for 8 years including bothHapkido and T’ai Chi. He holds a First Dan in Hapkido under the United States Korean Martial Arts Federation, headed by Grand Master J.R. West. Mr. Krause’s instructors and mentors are Randall (3rd Dan) and Karen Sexton.

Mr. Krause holds a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Texas. He has 23 years of design and architectural experience in computer and communications engineering. Mr. Krause holds over 20 patents, and is currently employed by Hewlett Packard.


Hapkido

The Art

HapKiDo is a Korean martial art which emphasizes strikes, kicks, throws, pressure point attacks and joint locks for self-defense. The art of HapKiDo uses the soft and the hard, circular and linear motion. It is both internal and external. The term HapKiDo can be translated to mean "the way of coordinated energy or strength". The name defines the essence of HapKiDo. Through HapKiDo practice the student learns to coordinate and harmonize his or her own mind and body, eventually developing the ability to utilize his attacker’s own energy against themselves in order to develop effective and powerful self-defense techniques. An even deeper meaning of "coordinated energy" is to cultivate and develop ones internal energy or Ki through the practice of HapKiDo.

History (Yuk Sa)

The origins of HapKiDo can be traced to Japan in the early 1900's. The recognized founder of HapKiDo, Master Choi, Yong-Sul was a student of Daito Ryu Aiki-Jujutsu under Grand Master Sokau Takeda. Master Choi lived in Japan working as a man servant to and student of Master Takeda for approximately thirty years (1912 -1943). During some of this time Master Morihei Ueshiba was also a student under Master Takeda. Master Ueshiba was the founder of Aikido. Most of the similar techniques and concepts in HapKiDo and Aikido have their origins in Daito Ryu Aiki-Jujutsu.

Upon returning to Korea around 1945 Master Choi began teaching a style of martial art called Yu Sul or Yu Kwon Sul. Over the period from 1945 through the 1950s many indigenous Korean techniques were introduced into the practice of HapKiDo. Two of Master Choi's early students Master Han-Jae Ji and Master Moo-Hong Kim are credited with bringing in many of the kicking techniques now taught in HapKiDo. In the early 1960s the name HapKiDo came to be used to refer to the art developed by Master Choi and his students.


Philosophy

Water Theory (Yu)

The concept of Yu, or Water Theory, can be thought of by applying the action of moving water to ones movement and intentions. Flowing water is smooth and tranquil until something impedes its flow. Water doesn't resist, conflict, nor struggle. It flows around the obstacle, hugging and engulfing the object. As the water flows around the object it is no longer flowing in a smooth linear flow but begins to circle, creating a powerful eddy that can break and move things. Once the object is overcome the water returns to smooth tranquil flow; soft but powerful.

A second metaphor with water concerns the maximum use of strength at one time. In this view, we compare the practitioner’s Ki to water in a fire hose. The hose itself is light and flexible, and can be moved by one man. However, when connected to a hydrant, the same hose becomes very heavy and powerful, taking several men to control due to the concentration of water at one point: the end of the hose. The Hapkido practitioner strives to concentrate all of his power in one direction to one spot.

Circle Theory (Won)

Won, or Circle Theory, has many levels of meaning as it applies to HapKiDo. On a practical level a HapKiDo stylist uses circular motion to generate power and redirecting energy in his techniques. On a deeper level one can use a circle to coordinate and harmonize with the energy of an attacker. Still further one can think of the cyclical patterns in life and nature, trying to harmonize with the ever changing universe around us.

Harmony Theory (Hwa)

In Hapkido training, there must exist a simultaneous combination of mind, body, spirit, environment, and technique. Harmony is the most important element the student should strive to achieve. After one achieves harmony with himself, the level is to harmonize with his opponent and his motion. Accomplishing this, the student will find it easy to predict the actions of others. The next stage is learning to harmonize with the environment. The final task is blending the harmony that one has developed with himself, his opponent, and the environment with that of his techniques.


Rank Requirements

WHITE BELT (Innocence and purity)

No previous knowledge or experience necessary.

YELLOW BELT (Unrefined gold)

Approximately 2 months training time (Minimum 12 classes). Basic history knowledge.

Kicks: Side kick Blocks: Down blockSweep to shin Rising blockFront thrust kickSnap kick to groin Strikes: Lunge punchRoundhouse kick Reverse punchOutside/Inside heel to knee Palm StrikesInside/Outside heel to knee

Techniques: Basic breakawaysStances: Forward leaning stance Cho Keub Son Mok Sul 1-5

Natural (fighting) stanceHorse stance Falls: FrontBack stance BackReady stance Side

Front-side


ORANGE BELT (Refined gold)

Minimum training time 3 months (Minimum 20 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Basic history knowledge, Hapkido philosophies.

Kicks: Inside/Outside crescent kick Blocks: Redirecting parry/trap/blockOutside/Inside crescent kick Knifehand blockStep-in side kick Inside to outside blockSlide-in roundhouse kick Outside to inside blockJump-in side kick

Movement Drills: Knifehand block

Strikes: Knifehand strikes DownblockRidgehand strikes Palmstrike/sweepElbow strikesKnuckle strikes Rolls: Left hand rollFinger sweep Right hand roll

Backward rollTechniques: Cho Keub Son Mok Sul 1-10

GREEN BELT (Grass and trees)

Minimum training time 4-5 months (Minimum 30 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Working knowledge of Korean dojang terminology. Knowledge of first training concepts. Philosophical principles of Yu, Won, and Hwa. History reading on Choi, Yong-Sul.

Kicks: Turning kicks Techniques: Cho Keub Son Mok Sul 1-10Back kicks from cross handAlternate side kick from clothing grabsElevated jump front kick Simple Combinations

Free style self-defenseStrikes: Point strikes

Combination strikes Rolls: Forward rollsBackward rising roll


BLUE BELT (Sky)

Minimum training time 6 months (Minimum 40 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Working knowledge of Korean dojang terminology. Deeper knowledge of training concepts and Hapkido philosophy. Principles of Motion. History reading on Hwa-Rang. Any further required reading.

Kicks: Ground kicks Techniques: Combination techniquesFree style self-defense

Strikes: Point strikes Hip throwsCombination strikes

Defenses: Kick defensesKnife: Defense against lunge attack (5) Punch defenses

Onrushing attack defensesRolls: Distance rolling Attack from behind

RED BELT (Sun)

Minimum training time 6 months (Minimum 40 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Deeper knowledge of training concepts. Well versed in the principles, philosophy, and history or Hapkido. Any further required reading. Attendance at USKMAF seminars is recommended.

Kicks: Drop kicks Techniques: Combination techniquesFree style self-defense

Strikes: Point strikes Basic ground techniquesCombination Strikes Sitting techniques

Hair grabsKnife: Lunge defense

Slash defense Defenses: Kick defensesOverhead defense Punch defenses

Two opponentsFalls: Aerial Onrushing attack defenses

Attacks from behind


FIRST DEGREE BLACK BELT (All colors)

Minimum training time: 1 year (Minimum 80 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Advanced knowledge of Korean dojang terminology. Required reading. Attendance at USKMAF seminars is required; black belt certification may only be issued by GM West.

Strikes: Point strikes Techniques: Combination techniquesCombination strikes Free style self-defenseKi strikes Cho Keub Son Mok Sool

from kick/punchKnife/stick: Lunge defense Ground techniques

Slash defense Sitting/lying techniquesOverhead defense Choke defense techniques

Pressure point techniquesForms: Sword (Cho Keub Sool) Basic Healing

Breaks: 1 board, kicking (2) Defenses: Multiple (3+) opponents1 board, striking (2)

SECOND DEGREE BLACK BELT

Minimum training time: 1 1/2 years (Minimum 120 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Required reading. Seminar attendance.

Techniques: Cane Forms: SwordAdvanced Healing

THIRD DEGREE BLACK BELT

Minimum training time: 2 years 3 months (Minimum 200 classes). All previous requirements with increased proficiency. Required reading. Seminar attendance.

Techniques: BeltAdvanced Healing


Basic History

1. What type of martial art is taught in this school?

HapKiDo2. What does HapKiDo mean?

The way of internal strength and harmony.3. What does HapKiDo consist of?

HapKiDo stresses internal power (Ki) and utilizes circular motion, joint locks, pressure points, and throws, as well as kicking and striking techniques. There are few HapKiDo schools in the United States because the art is difficult to learn and it requires a tremendous amount of practice. Consequently, Korean masters have a great respect for American students training in traditional HapKiDo. Many Korean Masters have told Grand Master West that he should abandon HapKiDo and that he should only teach TaeKwonDo because they believe that Americans don’t want to work hard enough to learn HapKiDo. This belief is incorrect as is evidenced by the number of hardworking students in our association.

4. How old is HapKiDo?

The roots of HapKiDo have been traced back to 2333 B.C. by paintings on temple and tomb walls picturing techniques.

5. Who is the founder of HapKiDo?

Choi, Yong-Sul (1904-1986)6. Why do our students wear black uniforms?

In memory of Grand Master West’s first instructors: Kim, Jung-Soo and Baek, Nam-Guk, who were killed in 1971 in Vietnam.

7. Why do our black belts wear white tops trimmed in black?

To commemorate the Hwa-Rang (pronounced Fa Rahng), a Korean warrior class that through the martial art training unified the Korean peninsula over 1300 years ago. The Hwa-Rang were masters of horsemanship, penmanship, and philosophy. The mark of a Hwa-Rang warrior was a white tunic trimmed in black.

8. Who is the head instructor at West’s HapKiDo Academy?

Grand Master J. R. West9. Where did Grand Master West receive his first training in HapKiDo?

During the Vietnam war, Grand Master West was assigned to, and trained with the Korean Tiger Division at Qui Nhon, Vietnam.


10. When did Grand Master West receive his black belt?

He was promoted to 1st Dan on May 4th, 1967 while in Vietnam.11. Who were Grand Master West’s First instructors?

Kim, Jung-Soo and Baek, Nam-Guk12. Who became Grand Master West’s instructor after Vietnam?

After returning from Vietnam in 1970, Dr. He-Young Kimm became Grand Master West’s instructor.

13. What rank is Grand Master West in HapKiDo?

8th Dan. He also holds a 4th degree black belt in TaeKwonDo.14. Who is the head instructor at Lifelong Martial Arts?

Mr. John Krause15. When did Mr. Krause receive his 1st degree black belt?

June 29th, 200216. Who were Mr. Krause’s instructors?

Randall and Karen Sexton, who both had GM West as their instructor17. How many degrees of black belt are there?

Nine degrees. An honorary degree, 10th, is reserved for founders of new styles.18. Why do some black belts have a white stripe?

The white stripe signifies an instructor level of 4th Dan or above. Similarly, a white stripe on the side of the pants signifies a Master level of 5th Dan or above.

19. How long does it take to earn a black belt in our system?

There is no set time; individual times vary. However, 3 ½ years is a reasonable expectation.

20. What organization did Grand Master West start in order to further the spread of traditional HapKiDo throughout the United States?

In July 1996, Dr. Kimm encouraged Grand Master West to form his own organization. Grand Master West founded “the United States Korean Martial Arts Federation”(USKMAF), and the headquarters for this organization is located in West’s HapKiDo Academy in Jackson, MS, with Grand Master West serving as President. The USKMAF certifies all promotions within our school. Our organization has over 60 schools nationwide who look to the USKMAF for instruction and guidance. Grand Master West travels extensively teaching traditional HapKiDo.


Korean Terminology

All spellings are based on phonetic pronunciations.

Dojang Terminology Numbers

Kwan Ja Nim Master Hahn na 1Sa Bum Nim Instructor Tool 2Dobak Uniform Set 3Cha Ryut Attention Net 4Kyung Ye Bow Ta sut 5Jhoon Bee Ready Yuh sut 6Shee Jak Begin El kob 7Baro Return to ready Yuh dol 8See Uh Rest Ah hop 9Hai San Dismiss Yul 10Jung Zwa KneelAn Ju SitJe Jah StudentDojang Training HallBan ClassSoo Ryun TrainingTae Guk Korean FlagPal Gway Eight Ways.Gaham Saham Nee Da Thank YouChon Mah Neo You’re Welcome

Training Terminology

Cho Keub Beginning level Kee Hap YellJoong Keub Intermediate level Kyuk Pha BreakingSang Keub Advanced level Him PowerNak Sool Falling Techniques Dai Ryun Free SparringChee Kee Strike Hyung FormCha Kee Kick Ab FrontKeecho Jahkee Ki Exercises Twee BackDan Jun Ho Hop Ki Breathing Yub SideMuk Yum Meditate Oreun RightShee Sun Focus Oen Left


Techniques Anatomic Terminology

Kee Bon Sool Basic Mom BodySon Mok Sool Same Side Wrist Mu Ree HeadAn Son Mok Sool or

Yuk Son Mok SoolCross Hand Wrist Ul Kul Face

Oht Sool or Eui Bok Sool

Clothing Grab Noon Eye

Kwan Jul Kee Joint Twisting Kwee EarToo Kee Defenses using Throws Kho NoseYank Son Mok Sool Two Handed wrist Ib MouthSang Soo Two hands on 1 wrist Mok NeckJee Ab Sool Pressure Point Throwing Myung Chee Solar PlexusPyung Sool Palm Striking Bai StomachZwa Kee Seated Self Defense Chuk Chu SpineWa Kee Reclining Self Defense Phal ArmYoo Sool Throwing Phal Kub ElbowJun Kwan Bub Speed Throwing Son Mok WristBhang Kwon Sool Pressure Point Striking Son HandBhang Kwon Jok Sool Pressure Point Kicking Keum Nang GroinBhang Jok Sool Kick Defense Daree LegSun Sool Attacking Moo Reub KneeYun Haing Sool Carrying Bal Mok AnkleDwee Chee Kee Sool Counter Bal FootBak Chee Kee Sool Head Butting

Weapons Terminology

Dan Bong Sool Short Stick TechniquesBoo Chai Sool Fan TechniquesPho Bak Sool Rope/Belt TechniquesJee Pang E Sool Cane TechniquesDan Do Mak Kee Knife Defense TechniquesKum Sool Sword TechniquesBong Sool Staff Techniques


Principles of Motion

HapKiDo utilizes some basic principles of motion to develop the proper form and function of a technique. A well executed HapKiDo technique uses an unbalancing motion, a decreasing radius of circle motion, and the lowering of the center of gravity of the technique while it is in motion. These principles of motion combined with redirecting and blending with the attacker’s motion are the underlying physical and biomechanical foundation of HapKiDo techniques.

Most throws, locks and counterattacks in HapKiDo begin with a movement intended to unbalance the opponent by moving him off his center of gravity. Early in the practice of HapKiDo techniques students learn the unbalancing motion through breakaways from wrist grabs. In the beginning stage the student is learning the proper motion and "feeling" for moving someone off their center of gravity. In more advanced stages of practice and application the HapKiDo practitioner uses the attacking motion of his opponent for unbalancing and initiating a technique.

A motion following a circle with a decreasing radius is used in HapKiDo techniques to increase speed and power through increasing the angular momentum of the technique. The figure tracing the path of the decreasing radius circle is mathematically described as an equiangular spiral. An example of this motion in HapKiDo can be seen in the inward spiral of a wrist throw or rotation and pivot used in the foot movement of most throwing techniques. On a deeper level one can use a circle to coordinate and harmonize with the energy of an attacker. Still further one can think of the cyclical patterns in life and nature, trying to harmonize with the ever changing universe around us.

The basic movements of unbalancing, decreasing radius of circle, and lowering center of gravity are applied either sequentially or simultaneously depending upon the technique and situation. The lowering of one’s center of gravity is often used in the beginning and finishing of HapKiDo techniques. To initiate a proper throw one must have a position of leverage against their opponent. The training concept of "getting your belt knot below your partner's" is teaching students to lower their center of gravity to achieve a position of leverage. During the execution of a throw the center of gravity of the technique is lowered to increase power and momentum in the technique. The person executing the throw should lower their center of gravity and reach the ground a fraction of a second before the person being thrown.

The concepts of redirecting and blending are physical extensions of the theories of Water, Circle, and Harmony. One should not meet an attack head on but should move in angles and circles which allow them to uses the attackers own force against themselves. Through the use of proper motion and technique a HapKiDo practitioner should not have to use strength to defeat a larger stronger opponent.

Documents

21981161 Student Manual for Students in Hap Ki Do Training