21 March 1962 - everyspec.com

MIL-STD423321 March 1962

SUPERSEDINGMIL-STD-707 (Wrd)24 MARCH 1959

MILITARY STANDARD

PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING PARTICLE ‘.SIZE, PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION, AND

PAWED DENSITY OF POWDERED MATERIALS-.

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UNITEDSIAESGOVERNMENTPRINTING OFFICE

wA5HING1ON: 1962

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MIL-STD-123321 March 1962

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

ARMED FORCES SUPPLY SUPPORT CENTER

WASHINGTON 2S, Do C,

Procedure for Determining Partk]e Size, Particle Size Distribution,and Packed Density of Powdered Materials

MILSTD-121R3 21 March 1962

1. ‘Phie standard has been approved by the Deparbuente of Defeme and ig manda~ryfor use by the Department of the Army, the Navy, and the A]r Force, etktive.

2. Recommended correetione, additions, or deletio~ should be addressed ~ the Skd-ardization Division, Armed Forces Sfipport Center, Washington 25, D. C.

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CONTENTSM

REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ........................................................................ ............................

SAMPLING AND INSPECTION ........................................................ .........................................

PACKIKGANDMAR~NG .... . .... ..................................... ............ ................................!.... !....!.

TEST METHODS

Metbed 100 — Determination of Average Particle Size, 2 to 100 Microys(Fisher Sub Sieve Siaer) ................. ..............000.....O......C....O...o.o

Method 200 — Determination of Average Particle Siz% lW to 1000 Microne(Picatinny Arsenal Particle Sizer) ............... ............................

Methed 300 — Determination of Particle Size Distilbution by Sjeve AnalYsie;

Method 400 — Determination of Paoked Density of Powdered Material ...........

LIST OF FIGURES

Fkllxa

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6.

7.

8.

9.

Assembly and plug manipulator .................................................... .. ..................... ...... ......

The Fisher nub-sieve eizer .................. ...... ........................................ .:...........o................. ......

Fisher sub sieve sizerSupplementary chart for determining partfcle size ofmaterial wftb poresitias below 0.4 ................................................................................O...

Nomogram for air pe~eability equation ............................................................ ................

Front view Pizatfnny Arsenal partkle eizer ......................................................................

Back view Picatbmy Arsenal particle sizer ...................... .......... ...............~.....................

Sample tube assembly Pieetinny Arsenal particle sizer ................. .......................... ..........

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2’.

3

1

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1.

1

8

4

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9

Sample weight gagq Pieatinny Arsenal pati”cle siza ........................ .......... .................... 10

Lfne diagram Pieatinny Areenal patilcle eizer ............................ .. ..................................... 11

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MlL-STD-l 23321 March 1962

FIcom PM.

10. Calculation of average pifilcle diameter (P.A. air permeability ..........o....~..............c..c... 12aPParatus)’ Nomogram I for p equa!a square root of Fdivided by P minus F ....................................................................

11. Calculation of average particle diameter (P.A. air permeabilityapparatug) Nemogram IIA for KHN divid~ .by(AH minus N) 9/2 equabi a .................... ..........................C......................................•..... 18

12. Calculation of average particle diameter (P,A. air permeabili~apparatus) Nomogram IIIB for KHN divided by(AH minus N) 8/2 equala Alpha ........................................................ ...... ........O......... 14

18. Cabmlation of average particle diameter (P,A. air perny?ability”apparatus) h’oiuogram HC for KHN divided by(AH m’nus N) 3/2 equals alpha ... ....................................................~.........I.... .....c.. 16

14. Calculation of average particle diameter (P.A. air permeabilityaPParatus) Nomogram III for p equale (Alpha) (Beta) m... ,.., .....................................

15.

16.

IT.

18.

19.

Flowmete~ ealibratton aaaembly .......... .............................. ............ .. .,.................................. 17

Insertion of a diffusion t& in the “Fieher eub sieve sizerfor the determination of Kl, K2, K4 .......................................... ............................. ........”1s

Ccmneetion for the determination of the observed value of p’.... .........~....~...................~. 19

Packed density apparatus ........................................ ........................ . .... ................................ 20

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1. INTRODUCITON

1. SCOPE

l.f Thie stendexd deacribee the generalmethods for determining particle size, Per-tiele dze distribution, and packed deneity ofpowdered materiale for confornwmea withthe material reqoirementa of applicableeWeifmations. In the event of conllict be-tween these methods and thow in the applic-able speoideetion, the latter shall havepremdenee.

2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

2A The following sp&HkatiOn and draw-ings of the lateet ieaue in tiect shall formapart of this standard:

SPECIFICATION

Fmgltm

RILS-266 — Sievav, Standard for Test-ing Purpose.%

DRAWINGS

OBONANOEC02P6

P-72262 — Appiratus, Particle Size.

P-72524 — Deneity Packing Machinefor Pyrotechnic,Ingredients, Aeeembly.

(cbpiee d SB46Cati.na d drawiws wwkdby contractorsin confection with speclib.?prmme.ment functions dmdd be obtainedfrom the prccor.Sng activity 0? ?,s dhwted by the COntraetb Of-ftcer.)

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2. SAMPLING AND INSPEC3’ION

1. SCOPE

1.1 This seetion sweiciwi the pr~nreefor sampling powdered materiels.

2. sAMPLING

2.1 Select the rewired @s* SBXDPISSfmmeaeh lot of the powdered mahkd after thepewdered materfal hoe been pasked andsealed for eldprnent. Sampling proceduresshalt be in acordmw with the applicablespeoitlcattono

(Cnuffon: Exerciee extmnre cleanliness inhandling samples. Avoid toucMng thepowdered material with damp or ceiledhands.)

2.2 S&et only ,wunplcs that are repre-sentative of the let ef the powdered matmfal.Speeial ears shell be taken te see that een-tainers befng sampled heve not been sub-jected to eegregattOn.

8. PACKING AND MARKING

3;1 Parking. Transfer eamplee to approved

airttght mbber-etoppared slm bottl~ andseal the containers immdietely, K@P theeentainere sealed end stored in a safe loca-tion at reem temperature urItil * fOrtesting,

3.2 Merklng. Label eaeb pewdered materialcontainer with the following information:

(a) Powdered materiel ddgnatfon.(b) Id number.(c) Pounds in the let(d) lda;ti~wmte name and P~t “:.“’

(e) C@raot number.(f) Date sample waa taken.

4. INSPECTION

4.1 Before testing the POWd@~ ~=inspect the sample eontainerto see that it fenot bmk@ nnatoppered, or othmwiee dam-aged. Aleo ebeck that it bee been lcbeled eer-rectly. ?iacard the contents of dams@f orimproperly labeled contatnem end repert thecondition to ‘tie flevermn~ tidr (orother proper ef2aia1) at the plant.


hU1-SID-123321 Morcb 1962

3. TEST~G

1. SCOPE

1.1 Tbis seotion contaii the methods ofphyairal teets for powdered material.

1~ Ed tegt is considered as a separatemethod, and is aaeigned an individual methodnumber,

2. NUMBEIUNG SYS’MW

2.1 Test method graups.’ Meth6de ~ * ~tinged in four groupe according to c@egorY&et. These groups are idemtitled numericallyby hundreds.

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MIL-STO-123321 March 1962

Method 100

DETERMINATION OF AVERAGE PARTICLE SIZE,

2 to 100 MICRONS (FISHER SUB SIEVE SIZER)

1. SCOPE

1.1 Tbfa methed eatabiiihas a Procadursfor the deterniination of the avarage particiesise of powdered materials,

1.2 Clasaitlcation. Determination shall bcmade by use of the Fisher sub-sieve sizer:

Averaw particte diameter (2 toMicrons) (see 4.4.1).

Average particle diameter (.?5 toMicrons) (ace 4.4.2).

2. DEFINITION

36

100

Tim average particie size of powdered in-grsdien~ as determined by the air parme-abiiitymetbod, is an average surface weighteddiametsr and, is a measure of the anrfacearsa per unit weight of powder. Any devia.tion of the partfckx frem sphericiti worddirmraaae the snrface per nnit weight of ma-tariai, Time, the addition of irregaiar par-ticles to a sample of peifectiy spherical par-ticies would increase the average surface ofthe sampie and consaquentiy decrease theaverage pcrticie diameter.

3. GENERAL STATEmNTS OR RE-QUIREMENTS

3.1 Piiociplaa of the test. The meaaura-ment of particie size by means of the Fishersub-sieve siser ia baaed on the fact that gasflowing through a bed of drrs-grabred powderwiii be impaded by the externai snrface ofthe partiejm of the pewder. The rate of flowof gas through the bed of particles ia da-pendent upon the qrrantity of powder perunit area of bed, the degree of comprm%onof powder, and the surface area of thepowdered material. The resistance offered

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by a sample of powdered inatec%d to a flowof air definaa the avm’agc. srriface WI?tikddiameter. ‘Pbe Garden and Smith equation iea rapid”method for calculating the a%%wageparticle size of powdersd material (sss4.4.2.s). The paratfcle sise obtained is netan abaoiute vatue.. It is ussfu~ however, forcompan-sorrc of average particle sizes basadon surface arm measurements. The vaiidityof the particle size compr@ene baaed on theGoeden and Smith eqnation partly on thetbeereticai aaamnptions of the equation.

3.2 Criteria for pnaaing teat.

The Sample sbalj mmpiy with the criteriafor acceptability as specified.in the specifica-tion (s) for the item.

4. DETAILED STATEMENTS OR REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Equipment.

4.1.1 The Fisher cub-sieve atzsr (scefig. 2).

4.L2 Su@ementary ohm+ (see fig. 3). Asupplementary chart shail be added to theFisb6r Sub Sieve Sjr.er in order ~ ~ndits use. Tbfs chart, baasd on the Goodsn andSmith equation sb~ IX uaad for ma~fiishaving a porosity lass than 0.40, It is agraphkai rapreeentation of the equationwhen P, K, N, and A (sea 4.4.2.3) areconsidered constant. The chart also servesas a centimeter acaie for prssaurs madingain the calibration of the apparatna by theFisher sub-sieve catibrater methed, and inthe determination of average particle diam~tara between 35 te 100 nricrene. The value of“P” is taken to bc equal to the height ofwater in the standpi~ The 10SS of airthrough the doubh range tlowmete.r is

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MlL-SW)-l 23321 March 1962

greater than through tbe single range flow.meter. Cuneequently, the value of ‘T” forthe double range scale k? Ie.w then that of“P” for the single range ecale.

4.1.3 Nomogvtwn (see fig. 4). A nomgrambaaed on the Geuden end Smfth awation,shall be added to the Ffeher Sub Sieve Siserin order to extend its w to 35 to 100mtcrons.

4.1.4 Equipment for erdibra$ion amf COlt-&?tunt:

(a) Wet test mater (see 6.1).~~~

.:, .,, (b) Automatic tfrmw..,. (c) Supplementary ebart.

(d) Calibrator (Fisher sub-sieve cali-brator or equivalent).

4.2 Maintenance of the imtrument andgme~ PreC@utiom. Before the Fisher SubSieve Sicer shall be used for making anyrneaauremente, the following settings shallbe checked:

(a) With the sample tube removed fromthe fnetrnrnent, the level of thewater in tbe preaeure regulatoratandpipe shall be checked dafly.l%e water level ehell correependexactly with the etehad calibra-tion mark on the staudpipe. Ifn&ersar9. water sfdl be removed

(b)

or added-to the atandpipe throughthe gtaea intake arm extendingtluough the top of the instrumentcabkret,

The indicating type dryfng agentshall be checked once every weekor month, depending upun howoften the instrument shall beused. If the agent is blue in color,it aball be eatiefactory. When thecolor turne Phrk, the azrmt sha~be replaced with fresh ateck.

(c) The sample packing assembly shellbe checked abeut once every

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month or whenever there isr@eou to aueped that the brasapeat beneath the rack and pinionhas shifted in poeition. ‘TMs ad-justment shafl be made by ineert-ing beth perous phrga and paperdiike into the sample tuke. Theearnple tube shall then be pIaecdon the brass poet with the lowerplug in contact with the upperend of the post. With tie ~*on the front panel turned do~.the two pluge strati be in centaetwhen the crwbar attached tothe upper end of the rack shallcoincide exactly w“tb the bSSe- ... .line on the calculate chart. If ,.. ,.the plugs are not in contact or .the pof@er dem not eohmidc with “’”the tie, adjustment ehall benccmcnry. Adjnetment of thepacking assembly shall be madeby loeaaning the setscrew holdingthe lower brace poet fn ita mount.The height of the peat aball thenbe such that the croesbar pefnt=coincides exactly with the traae-ltte of the cabmlater ebart whenthe porous plugs arc held *Wbdr?een the brass poet and tlatlower end of the rack

(d) The level ef the water in the mane-meter shall be checked every timea new series of partkde she d~terminutione fe made. The initiallevel of the water meniscue in themanometer tube shatt coincideexactly with the upper edge ofthe curved portion of the metalcrossbar when the tip ef thepeinter cofncidee axactfy with thebaeeliie of the calculator chart.If neeeeeaW, adjuetnient of themanometer level shefl be made byturning the manometer contrcdknob. It is important te note, thatthe eemple tube shall be removedfrom the instrument when eitherchecldmg or adjneting the level ofthe water in the manometer tuba.



(e) Any rneeanrernent of water levelin manometer which is madewith the air pmnp operating shallbe made with airflow at a con.Stant head. The flow of air shallbe controlled by adjusting thecuntrol knob so that the bubblesrise frr the standpipe at the rateof two ur three per aecmrd.

(f) All meaeurenrente taken of theliquid level in the manometsr onthe front of the instrument shallbe made with the upper edge ofthe tirved portion of the erees-bar sat at the meniscus of theliquid. Readings on the manufae-turm% chart, or supplainentarychart ehall then be nmde .witbreference to the extreme tip ofthe pointer on the oreeebar.Parallax shall be avoided whenmaking these settings and read-tnga.

4.3 Standerdiition.

4.3.1 F4eiwv sub-sieve culibvoter (see 5.2)(see dg. 17’). The calibrator is a syntheticruby jewel with a precise ori5ce, mounted ina tube similar tu a sample tube. It is asecondary strmderd which has been checkedon 8 standard sub-sieve siza (one that haspravioualy been set to tha National Bureauof Stendarde cement aampl~ as Me Prbnerystandard). The readings obtaiued are thenarrgraved on the calibrator for a given pores.it#.

Prucedure. The calibrator ahau be used inthe Fisher auk-sieve sizar in exactly thesame ~nner as tbe normal sample tube withthe sample all ready in place and packed.The calculator chart &elf be eat tu indicatea POrOsitYof fJ.76and the level Of the liquidmerriscus in the manome~r ~hal] be ~~edas described fn ssction 4.2. The rsadingmarked high shall bs obtained with tbe rangecontrol set tu the 0.2 te 20.0 micron rarrge.The readiig marked low shall be oMahmdwith the range control aet to the 20 to 50

micierr range. In the everrt the readings olxtatned with the calibrator do not agreewitMm 0.06 mfcron of the values stampert onthe calibrator, the apparatus shall be etand-ardissd. The equivalent manometi”c defl-tiona shall be obtaind by adjusting the fine’resiatanee wires in the capillary flowrnetereof the Fisher sub-sieve siser (SW sec. 4.2.2).

4.2,2 Procedure for udjt@??wnt of wiree.To adjust the wiree, the smell screw in thecap of the flownreter shall be loeeened aridthe wires, held by tweeze~ shall be length-ened or shortened by exerting a firm butgentle prxure up or down. If the rnano-rrretric detlcotion is to be raised, the wireshall be preesed upward intu the capillarytube; ff the detleetien is to be lower@ thewire “shall be pnlfed down. The eerews shallhe tightened and naw Feedings shall b@takenafter the water has reaebcd its maximumheight. This preeednre shall he rep6ateduntil the values obtaiqad for P on the ine@-ment corrc+iend to the valuee on the cali-brator.

4.4 Teat procedures. Determination of par-ticle size ,by mearrs of the Fisher sub-sievesizer shell ba dkided into two preeadnreeaccurding to the aizc of the average ~iclediameter (SSS 1.2). Bsfore the Fisher sub-sieve sizer shall be need for rnaHng any de-terminations, the instrument settings andprecautions noted tn 4.2 shall be checkedand the instrument shall have been recentlychecked with the calibrate.

4,4.1 Average particle diameter between2 and % rnierona. The sample tube (see fk.1) shall be placed in a vertkxd pesition in arubber suppert atand. A paper disk shall beulaced over the end of the eamrXetube. Theporous plug shall then be plara6 en the filterpapsr with the perforated surfeec of the plugagainst the enrfaee of the paper dti. Theplug shall be pushed into the tube for “aboutj~ inch, forcing the paper tu crimp arenndthe edges and preixle the plug into thesample tube. The sample tu@ shall be in-verted in the rubber suppert stand se that the ,

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MlL–STD-l 23321 March 1962

paper side of the plug is up. A sample ofdry powder shall be weighed to + 0.01 gm.The weight of the sample shell be alwaysequal in grame to the true density of thesample when either of the calculator chartsis used. For example, 1.74 + 0.01 gm of~meaium (density equal tQ 1,’?4) wOu]d bethe weight of a powdered magnesium sample.With the aid of a funnel, the sample shallbe transferred completely into the tube.A aecund paper disk and porous plug shallbe placed intu the sample tube es previouslydescribed. The sample, which is now con-tained between the filter papere and plugs,shatl be pressed manually as tightly se poe-sible with the aid of the plug manipulatoror a metal or plaetfc rod. The” eample,preeeed as tightly sc possible in tbie way issaid to he at %inimnm poreeity.” The aam-Ple tube shall be placed on the br~ poetwith the lower plug in contact with thebrass pest. The pinion knob shall then beturned ag far as it will go. Tbe calculatorchart shall be shifted laterafIy until the tipof the pointer coincides with the sampleheight curve on the chart. If the eamplebeing teeted hns a perosi~ lees tbau 0.40, thesupplementary chart ehall he used. Thischart shall be attached to the back of tbeFkher calculator chart. The eupplememkmychart shall he adjusted by aligning the base-line of the chart with the tip of the pointer,This adjustment abell be made white bothplugs and both paper disks are in place intbe empty sample tube. when using the sup-plementary char~ tbe height of the sampleshall be read directly in cm on the ordinatescale. The chart shall be moved laterallyuntil the tip of tbe pointer correcpunds totbe sample height Iihe on the chart, Thechart is conetrncted so that at this pointthe abscissa reading shall be equal to theordinate reading. Once the height of theaumple is determined, the ealculater chartshall not be moved throughout tbe remainderof the determination. The sample tube shallthen be mounted between the’ rubber-cnsh.ioned supperts te the right of the brase peat.The upper cap shall be screwed onto thesample tube until an airtight ma] is obtained

at beth ends. Air at constant head ehsll thenhe pnaaed threugh the sample compacted toa minimum porneity. The flow of air shall bestarted by throwing the ekctrical switchwhich stsrta the afr pump. The flow of airshall be adjusted by turning the presenrecontrol knob until bubbles rise in the stand-pipe at the rate of two or three per eeeund.The liquid level in the manometer ehall heallowed to rise to its maximum height, Forfine pewdem the rice of liquid is slow; foreearse powders the rise. is rapid. With theliquid level at a maximum height, the rackshall he turned until the ripper edge of thecruaebar coin~idee with the liquid mmticn~in the manometer. The particle size sdudl be ,,’:indicated dtrcctly by the location of the tip ,of the peinter with relation to the calculatorcharts. The dmrte shall be interpolated ifthe prectahn of the particular operation war.ranta it. If the average particle diameterfalls in the range of 0.2 to 17.0 micrcm$ thecharts shall he read directly wftb the rangecontrol indicator turned te the right (%Wpesition). If the particle eize is in the rangeof 17,0 to 35 microns, the range control in-dicator shall he turned to the left (“HI”peaition), and the chart reading multipliedby tWO.

4.4.2 Average particle diameter between36 and 100 microns.

4.4.2.1 Permeability cenmiwtt. Determina-tion of the permeability constant of theaiugle range flowmeter. The Fisher sub-eievesizer shall be assembled as specified in 4.4.1.The air-permeability constants of the flow-meters ahaIl then be determined by meaaur-ing the volume of air passing through theflowmeter per unit time and pressure. Thewet teat meter shall be cenneeted to the but-tom end of the capillary flowmeter tubee.Care shall be taken nut to damage the finewires extending from the eapillam-es or toblnck the holes on the side of the flowmeter(see fig. 15). The sample tube eentainingbath plugs and falter paper dieka shall beplaced in the Fisher sub-sieve sizer. Therange contrul indicator, located in the upper

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right corner of the Fisher sub-sieve staer,shall he turned to the right m “mad ti]r~puaitinn to permit caffbrstfon of the singlerange flowmeter tuba. Air shall bc wssedthrongh the tlmvrnatar tube for approxt-rUC& 16 minutac te determine whether thewet-teat meter is fnntiloning. The volumereadfng indfcated on the dfsl of the wet testrnetar and the time of the reading as in-dicated on the tfmer, Vi. and T~, reapcc-tively, shalI be recorded. The hafght of thewater in the manometer on the frent panelof the instrument shall be read Orithe centi-meter scale of the supplementary chart to+ 0.06 cm. To obi%intbic value, the meniscusof the water in the manometer aball be levelwith the aroaabar aa the height of the tip ofthe puinter is road. ~is reading shall beappr~matiy 24.5 em for the single rangeflowmeter. The manometer reading shall bemuftipfiad by 2 b obtain the air preaaure, P.After apprexfmatefy 1 hour the columnreading end the time of the s~nd rwding(in minutes), Vi arid Tf, respcatively, shallbe recorded. The permeability cmmtant, K,of the single ranga tlowmeter shell be ealeu-lsted by means of the following equation:

K = 1.263X JO~●

\m

where:

K = permeability constant of the singlerange flowmeter.

Vl= volume at fist reading (cu. ft).

V*= volume at second reading (cu. ft.).

Tl= time of fmt readfng (minutes).

Tz= time of second reading (minutss).

P = air premure (cm).....

4.4.2.2 Determination of the permeabilityconetant for the double rauge flowmetor. Todetermtne the permeability constant for thedouble renge flowmeter, tbe ranm ~ntro]indicator shall be turned to the Icft or “maddouble” scale. The procedure outline in4.4.2.1 shall ba repcatad. The permeability

MIIATD-1233!tl Morrh 1962

censt.antaobtahmd for the single and double-ranga tlowmeter tnbec abould correapend tothe values obtimad for a standard iuatru-rnant. The standard permeabfity constantsam %86 curs 3/2 and 7.60 3/2 for the s:mgleand doubla-range flowrneter tubes, reape&tively.

4A.3.9 Procedure. The average particteeiae of materials having a diamet& betweeri35 and 100 microns, when deteidned withthe Fisher eub-sdeve sfaer, shatt be calcufatadby meana of the Guuden and Smttb equationdmxibcd beluw. The equation varfableasb@lbc detarminsd with the aid of the supple-mentary chart. To determine the equation

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variablca, the standard procedure daacrifxdin 4.4.1 shall include the f ollowlng addNionsand modifiratione:

(a) A sample of dry puwder equal inweight to tbrsc tfmes the truedansfti, shalf be weighad tu &0.01gm.

(b) The sample ehafl be placed in tbesample tuba as described in 4.4.1.The height of the aiwaple in centi-meters, shall be mad dirimtly onthe ordinate scale of the supple-mentary chart. The chart shallnot be moved.

The height of tbe water in the manometerin centimet.em, shall also be read directlyfrom the ordinate scale of the aupplcrnentarycha~ followfng the preeedure outlined in4.4.1. The average particle diametar of thesample shall then be calculated by eubatitut-ing in the Gooden and Smith Equation.

KHN~ = (AH —N)s/2 .“ G“ “

where:

p = Average particle sise, microns.

A = Crocc sectional area of the sampletube, square centfmetere. (1.27)

H = Height of asrnpl~ centimeters.

P”= Height of water column in mano-

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MlI.-STD.-l 23321 March 1962

meter tube, centimeters, when=ple tube contains two porousplugs and two lliter disks only.

F = Height of water column in rnano-metcr tube, centimeters, whenthe asmple tuba eontatna plugs,filter diske, and sample.

K = Experimentally determined p+wrne-ability constant for flowmeter,centhnetere 8/2.

N = A factor which is equivalent to theweight of the semple divided byite true densiw.

A nomogram (eee fig. 4), baaed on theGeoden and Smith equation, has been con-structed to simplify the calculation of theaverage psrtkle size of mat8rials havhrg adiameter greater tbsn SO nricrena. Thisnomogram can be used when the weight ofthe eample, in grams, is equal to three timesthe true densi~ of the sample matcriai. The

directions for using the nomogram arc asfollows :

A straight edge shell iM placed on thessmple pressure value, F, and the samplehctght value, H. The point at which thestraight edge croaaca the “p” scale is theaverage particle diameter corresponding tothe experimental manometer deflection, F,and to the sample height H. When thedouble range flowmeter is used the valueread on the “p” scale shall be donbled taobtain the average psrticle diameter on thesemple.

5. GENERAL INFORMATION

5.1 A precision Kargent wet-test meter has ““ ‘‘been found te be satisfactory for teat.

5.2 Calibrator, Catalogua No. 14-313-7 ofthe Fisher %lentidc Company, New York,N. Y., has been found satisfactory. (ace 4.S)

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“ *s7~’l;33 ~ .21 March 1%2

.....Method 200 ~, ~~~.“

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DETERM~ATION OF AVERAGE PAIk~CLE SIZE :

100 TO ltiO’ MICRONS “ :“

(PICATINNY ARSENAL PARTI- SIZER) ~

1. SCOPE

1.1 This method establishes a preeedurefor the determination of the average particle”eke of powdered materials wh]ch are in the100 to 1000 mimcme range.

2. SPECIMEN

2.1 The operator should select a samplesize and porosity tube to give a manometerdeflection between 1S and 85 centimeters(ems). The sample size is a multiple of thedensity, usually 10 times, weighted to PIUSor mtnus 0.10 gram (gin).

3. DEFINITION (ace method 100)

4. GENERAL STATEMENT3 OR RE-QUIREMENTS

4.1 Princbde of the teat (see” DiawirwP-72362). I%e Picatbmy Arsenal @cl~sizer ehall be used for determination ofpewdered nmterial in the sieve particle eizerange of 100 to 1000 ndcrone, It uaee theChoden and Smith afr-permeabttity methodof meaeuring the epecific surfaces of tinepowders. A eeusitive variable flotieter onthe P]catinny Arsenal particle sizer extendeite range beyomithat of the Fieher sub+ievedaer. Afr shell he paceed fnto the apparatnsthrough a reducing valve at approximately2 pounds preeeure. TTuiair inlet EW lead ba dryfng bottle wbfeb shall .be’conimcted toboth a etandptpe and a ‘Sample tube. The.ptandpipe shatl h dlled wifi water and shallftx tie preaaure of the afr at a pefnt of in-troduction to the sample. The excmapressureahett he released es bubbles .eseapfng through

the weter, tie air at thfe “constant pressureflowe downward thfiugh the sample tube inwhich the powder te be tested ia eontiined.A porous plug shall support the powder inthe tube. After leaving the sample tube, tbeair ehall be divided along two pathe: througha porosity tube (fritted-glase diffusion tube),and inte a water filled manometer. ”When aeample of powder ehall he added te the samp-le tube, the difference in preeeure as readon the manometer, wttb ~d without tb~sample in the apparam ehall indicate theresistance” of the sample to a constant ah--flow. . .

4.2 Criteria fer passing teaL The sampleshall comply .with the criteria for acceptatill-”jty as specified in the specification (s) forthe item. . .

6. EQuIPMENT

5.1 Picatinny Arsenal partiefe siser equip-ment (eee Drawing P-72362). The PicatinnyArsenal particle sizer. (see figs. 5 and 6)shall be compezcd of an air pr6asure regula-toi, a sample tube (eec fig. 7), porous wiremesh plugs (100, S@, 236 m.@), a eampleheight gauge (eee fig. 8], fritted-glass dlffu-aion tubes (epirse, medium, fine), a mane-meter .(see fig. 9), a flowmeter (consisting ofthe manometer and the, resistance formedby the peroeity tube), and other accessory”equipment riecmearj to correlatk these partsinto a unit. ~~”

... .

“6.2 Nomafi ‘(see fig. ’10, to 14) .’Nome-grame shaU be ueed with the PkatinnyArsenal Particle Siser.

1...

.“


6.3 The f@Owing aeceaeory equimrxmtshall be necemary for determining the per-

:“ nreability constant of frittad-glasa diffusiontubes, ... .. ; . . ; ,’.

(a) We&t m&r.’.. .(b) Automatic timer. ““““‘

(c) Fritted-gleae diffusion tubas {see82) .

6. MAINTENANClf OF THE PICATINNYPARTICLE SIKER.

6.1 Adjtitmerit. P~o~”& dete~mtton ofMtieie size with the Pisatinny Areenrd par-ttefe siser, the followfng adjustments shall benecessary: .

(a) The air prea9ure regulator shalt beset at approximately 2 ponndagauge pressure.

(b) The drying bottle shall be tilledwith en indicating desiccant,such as blue silica gel. The desic-cant shall be shacked once everyweek. If it is blue in cnlor,. it ehallbe considered satisfactory. If thecolor turns to pink, it shall bereplaced with fresh etwk.

(c) The. stendpipe shall be fdied withwater. The water level shall beapproximately 5 inehaa from thetop of the atandpipe when airshall be psased through the ap-paratus.

(d) The manometer shall be tilled to the%em” level with distilled waterto which a few drops of a color

. indicator, aueh as fluorescein..green dye, shall be added.

(e) The sample height “gauge al&ll baplaced inte the aemple tube con-taining OniY a. POZOUSP@ Theedge of ~e’ sample height gaugeOrOsabrUtdmtf ma ‘J9,wo*’whtithe tube co@tns oniy ,@e. p~g.. .

6.2 Pimmability conetanL’. ~,’:,; .,~’ “’”~. . .

.6.2.1 Det4rmi&ti0n of” &e psrnieabilitya?oristant for the porosity tuhm (the fritted..glasa diffusion tuba). Sirice the accuracy andreproducibility of psrtiefe sise meesurementamade with the. Piratftmy Arsenal particlesizer shall depend on calibration of .tfwpurosiw tub6a, it ehall be necessary to ‘de-tchnine the permeability eunetante of eachtube. Each tube ehall McLsened by wuahmg”with 1:1 hydre@loric acid and rinefng withdistilled water, and dried for 4 hours byheating in an oven at 11.OOC. The tubasshall be stored in a desieeatm imtil ready

- for U& The drfed tube shall lie clampsd inan upright pesition intu the apparatus (seefig. 6) and the open end shall be’ conriectedto the watAest meter. The cahpty sample tubashall ha inserted into the :instrument, Theair pressure abell be adjusted so that air -bubbles easepe through the water at therate of 2 ors per ascend. Air shall ha Passed.threugh the system for approximately 16 ,minutes to determine whether the painter on ‘the wet-test. meter ia moving at a constant :rate. The volume and the time resdlug, T,,in minutes, shall be recorded. The tup. andbottom levels of the water eolmnn in themnnometer shall be read. The sum of tbevolume ieadhg o? the wet-teet. metir, Vp,and the time.of the second reading, T2, shallbe. reeorded. The permeability constant ofthe poresity tubs shell be ealculetsd bymeana of the following equation:

K : 1.26S X 103 ●

d

V2 — VI(T2—T,) P

where:

K = permeability con:tnntof the PO&S- ...,‘ity tube.. ,.r

Vl=””v&ume at first rea& fifki:”’..” ““”‘“””

=“ V2= vulume atsecond reading (cu. ft.). ‘“ ~

‘” “”Tl=” @rne of fiist reading (minutae). ‘. , ~

. . T*= “?irneof “Secondr&&ng {miriutea)., ~.

P = iirpremure (em).’ . .,

Calibktion of the& tu~’ shall. h .reP@d .%ties every month. When iI@ in ~ the ‘

.perosity tubre shall be etored in a desiecnt.m.’ .

?

. . .


,...,

7. TEST PROCEDURES

7.1 General tad procedure. A porous plugshall he placed tn the ssmple tuba by gentlysliding it into position untif it rests at thebottom of the tube. Tbe tube shall ba placedin a sample tube holder. A repreeeutative

~P1e Of powder shall be weighed t,o pl”eor minus 0.01 gm. The amount of powderraquired for analysis depends on the natureof the particles. A multiple of the deuaityof the material, mmrdfy 10 times shall beused. With the aid of a fmmsl, the ssmpleshall be transferred into the sample tubecontaining a pnrous plug. The sample tubesmrtaining the esmple shall be Iightly tappedto permit the particles to settle in a uniformbed, Teppfng for 1 minute is usually ade-qunte. The sample tube shall then be insertadintn the apparatus. Air shall be psssedthruugh the systam ao that 2 or 9 air bubblesper second eacapa through tha water in thestandpipe. A poreeity tube shall be sslsctedto give a manometric deflation, F, betweeu

P = KHN divided by (AH-N)+

where:

P = average particle ah, mi~ns.

A = cross sectional area of the ~pletuh square senttmaters.

H = height of sample, cm.

P = initial sir pressurq sm; i.e., thepressure of air entering the snm-pla tube.

F = the pressure of air after passingthrough the sample, cm.

K = experimentally determined parm~ability cmmbmt of the porosity

tube, cm 3/2. ,N = a factor wbicb is equivalent to the

waight of tha sample divided byits true denai~.

7.4 Determination of average particle Ekeby nomograms. Determination of average

3

.. . ..

15 and 85 cm. The” msnometric detfestionshall be rswrded when it has attained a con-stant value. The permeabili~ cmmtsnt of thepor@i& tubs, K, shall be noted. The ssmpletuba shall be removed from the apparetusand the height of tha sample, H, abtill hamessnmd with the sample beigbt gauge. Thessmp~e tube shell be ernptiwl, cl~nsd, endcontaining only the porous plug used in tbeabuve particle size determination, shall againbe placed in the apparatus. The air pressureshall be regulated es specitled above, sud thetnp aud bottom levds in the manometershell iM mad. This munometric reading. isequivalent to the pressure, P, of the airentering the sample.

,,. .

7.2 Calcutatinn nf particla size. There nretwo tssbniques avsilable for determining theaverage psrticle size of powdered msteriaL

7,3 Calculation by sabetitutfng the propervalues in the Gorxfsn apd Smith equation:

times v F divided by (P — F)

particle size by means of 3 nomograms wharethe 2 partx of the equation, the pureaity part,KHN divided by (AH-N) 3/2 and the pree-sure pnrt v F dividad by (P — F), areequatsd to a rmd p, respectively, is esfollows :

(a) In Nnmogram I, P, is aligned withF. and 13 ahaU be read on the

(b)

(c)

third sd!e (see tfg. 10).In Nomogram 11,”the pmusity, K,

aligned with the height. of thesample, H, whare A and N areconstant valuas (A=2.oo; N=

.....,,10, 6, or 1), givaa a value for awhich ehall bs rend on the thirdaczde (see flge. 11, M, or 13 aaapplicable).

Iu Nomogram III, a is aligrmd with@ and the average particle sizeor the’ eample, in microns, shrdlbe read directly on the third wale(= fig. 14),

.—


Mk-STO-123321 March 1962

8. GENERAL INFORMATION 8.2 Fritted.g]w diffusion tu~ -ufac-tured hy the Caning G1aee Works of Corn-

8.1 A praeieion Sargent Wet-Teat Me&r ing, N. Y, have hean fmmd aat.iafactary.haa been found to be satisfactory for test.

.,.

i.

!

-—.r

,. .,..

.

I

. . . . ....


MlL-STD-l 23321 hkwch 1962

Method 300

DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE

DISTRIBUTION BY SIEVE ANALYSIS :

1. SCOPE

1.1 This method establiahea a prcmdorefor determining the particle skre distributionef pawdered materials by sieve analysts formaterlale with the average particle sizegreater thmr 95 microns.

2. SPECfMEN,..

2.1 The sample size aball be 100 ~Weikhed to within 0.1 gin salected after thematerial has been paaeed through the rfMe-splitter.

3. GENERAL STATEMENTS OR RE-QUIREMENTS

3.1 Principle of the test. Sieve anrdysisdetermines the particle sise distribution ofmnteriafa in the Pm-t&Jesize range of 35 to1000 microns. The test consists of ahafcingsamplea of powdered material through asieve arrangement and weighing the powdercollected on each sieve and in the P&.

3.2 Critark for pa8ekIg tsat. The sampleshall comply with the criterion for accept-ability as speckled in tbe specification(s)for the item.

4. EQUIPMENT FOR TRE TEST

4,1 ItMle-splitter (see 6.1). The rif6e-splitter, an apparatus for dividing a sample,into statistically equivalent fractions shallbe used in the sample preparation.

4.2 Meehmdrrd ahakere. E]ther one of thefollowing mechanical shakers shall be nsedfor test:

4.!2.1 “Ra-Tap” apparat#& The ‘lRa-Tap**aPPal~tus fS a mechanical shaker gearsd” hproduce S00 PIUSor minus 15 gyrations and150 plus or minus 10 taps of the sti]ker pmminute.

4,2.2 “.?lnd-xMe’) apparatus. Thii is ~mechanical shaker with a sieve arrangementfor half-height and fnfl- height sfevea. In thisapparatns, the nsst of sievsa reciprocates ina direction Iengthwiae of the gear hex. .,, .

4.3 Sieves. U. S. standard sievss conform-ing ta Specification RR-S-666 shall be usedfor tast.

4.4 Ralanee. A balance accnrate ta plus orminus 0.1 gram (gin.) shall he USed.

5. PftEPARATfON FOR ‘H&T ‘ :

5.1 Sampla preparatim. The accuracy andprecision of the sieve analyais matlmd dependlargely on the sampling of the material to beanalyaed. Each sample container shall, there-fore, be tumbled repeatedly for. at least 10minutes b insure homogeneity of the POW.dered material. Samples of the matm5al shallbe taken from several parts of the ccmtainer,blended, and then divided with a ritlle-splibtsr (see 4.1) until a homogeneo~ ~ple isobtnined. One hundred gm of this sampleshall be weighed on a balance ta witbin 0.1 .

gm and set aaide for the sieve analysis test, ,,

5.2 Sieve preparation. The sieve shaj becleaned and dried thoranghly before beingnasalfor sieve analysis. They shall be cleanedby prolonged making in water aided bybrnabing with a camel’e-fmir brush or, whereabsolutely neseaaary, with a fairly limberpaint brush. The use of any brush should be

1.:. ,


.. .. . . ,~..,

MII.-STD-1 233,21 hkmh 1962

kept to an absolute minimum for screensfiner then 270 mesh, since too sturdy abrush may result in irreparable damage tothe screen. Suitable solvents may be usedexcept in the *ZC of re9in0us or piwtic ma-terieis (mdess positively necessary) whereevaporation of the contaminated solvent willleave a tllm of the plzetic material and causeserious “blendIn& in the finer screens. Asharp object shali never be used to removeparticles that are lodged in the openings.The sieves used for particle size determina-tion ehail be kept exclusively for that pur-pose,

6. TEST PROCEDURE

6.1 For nermel powders. A nest of fivesievss shall usually be employsd for a sieveanalysis. However, the number of sieves andtheir size eheli depend on “the distilbutionand nature of the materief being used. K anest of five sieves is used, tbe following pro-cedure shall app~:

The zievac shall be wkct.ed so that two arecoarser then the mean sise of the sample (asdetermined by an air-permeability methed),and the remaining sievw shall be tlner thanthe mean sfae, For example, if a sample hasan air permeabiliW mean diametar of 130microns, the w.eves used would be 80, 100,120, 140, and 170 mesh, respectively. Thesievw shall be ezzembled with the eeareostsievw on top, end the finest sieve fitted to thebottom pan. The rime of the sieves shallthen be taped to prevent dnsting. The entirenezt of sieves shall be placed into a mechani-cal sieve apparatus such se the ‘%o-Tap”(see 4.2.1) or the “End-Shake” (see 4.2.2)and shaken for 30 ninutes. If there is evi-dence of a dlm of powder adhering to thebottom of a sieve, it shall bz brushed with asoft Camel’e-hair brush or, in the case ofmore sensitive compositions, a brush withentietatic attachment and added to the nextliner sieve. After the shaking has heen com-pleted, the stack of sieves shall ho dis-assembled and the sieve fraction shall beremoved from each sieve and placed in a

labeled container. A funnel large enough tocompletely contain the sieve shall be used tominimira the sample loss. The sieve shall beinverted into the tep of the funnel and all ofthe powder particles shall be removed bybrushing the screen surfam with a suitablebrusb, Where a Mm of powder adherw tothe hettom of the screen it should be addedin ‘the next smaller size screen using aeemel’e-hair brush (wtth suitable antistaticattachment for sensitive pewders). Each ofthe sieve fractions shalI be weighed to within0.1 gram.

6.2 Fer sensitive pewders. For powderswhich may be ckweifled dangerous euch astinely divided titanium and zirconium and s.mfxturw containing thwe powder$ the ma- ‘chine should be grounded and whersver pw- ~~~~eible the operatien carrfed out behind a suit-able barricade by remote control. Operatoraehall “observe all safety preeauttone, inefud-ing tbe use of proper clothfng, Wet sievingWY be used b separate the differemt sizeswhere agglomeration due to static chargeamay be expected. (The typs of solvent anddirections for drying shell be stated in thespecification.) A liquid antistatic agent shslibe used to cost the screens, siev~ and wails.

6.9 Calculation. Each of the sieve fractionsshall be weighed to within 0.1 gm. Theweight percent of the sammie retained onweb sieve shall then be calculated by dfvid-.ing the weight of powder on eaeh sieve bythe total weight of powder recovered. Thecumulative percent of material passingthrough oech sieve shall be determined byadding tagether the percentage of pewder onthe finer siev?c end pan. The percent ofpowder finer then the corresponding sise of ,, .:tbe opening on each sieve, in micronz, shall :be plotted on log-probability paper against “ ~‘~~the size of the opening of the reepecthe sieve.A straight line of beat fit sheii be drawnthrough the plotted pefnta. The geametrfcmean, which repreeente the average size ofthe partfclee shall be obtafnsd by reading the60 percent size. The standard devtation,which represanta the diitributlon of the par-”

2

:, . . . . . .


.,

MllrS7D-1 23321 March 1962

tides shall be determined by first reading ebnracterise the distribution, shall be re.the 84.1 pement sise aud dividing this value per&d. A sample tabulation of the data ie asby the 50 pereent size. These vnluea; which follows :

ma dam OPmhm Welet,t00 @&lo

l% “.r“ ~~rermr.t

“Umbr (81WIU) m dsm tL&R&—ii----- IVV 7.0 93.0

100 149 z 28.0 70.0120 96.8 86.0 84.o140 106 s8.8 m.e ioa170 ee 9,2 %a 0.9

(Tbm 170 on Fan) 0.0

Total 99.5 100.0

The geemetric mean and standard devia- 7.1.1 The Fisher ritlle-splitter hes beention of this sample are equal to 186 micmne found to be eatisfact.ory.and l.kl reepect.iveiy.

7.1.2 The end-eheke testing sieve ehaker, , ~”.7. GENERAL INFORMATION a product of the Newark Wire Cloth Corn-

pany of Newark, N. J. hse been fomid to be ..7.1 General information. setfefmtory.

,. .,,

.3


MR-STD-123321 Mmxh 1962

Method 400

DETERMINATION OF THE PACKED DENSITY

OF POWDERED MATERIALs

1. SCOPE

1.1 Thi,g method establishes a procedurefor the detarmfmtion of the packed densityof powdered nmterirda.

2. SPECIMEN

2.1 The sample size shall ho the weight ofthe material filled to 100 ml mark weighedto within 0.10 Era.

9. DEFINITION

$.1 Packed density. The packed density ofpowdered materials is the wefght per unitvolume of material whfsh hea been paskednnttl it has attained ib most compa@ form.

‘Packed deaeity indicates the loading densityof lease pyretecbnio powdera.

4. GENERAL REQURUMIEIWS OR8TATEMEN’E3

4.1 Description of test.

4.1.1 The test c0nsist4 of an instrumentalprocedure to determine the packed density ofpowdered material.

4.1,2 Results obtained using the packeddensity apparatus apecisled on DrawingP-72524 will be equhwkmt to those obtainedusbrg %end-tspped” tecbnfques. However,.,the instrumental method fe safer, more rapid,an~ hea greetar presision.

4.2 Criteria for poeeing test.

4.z.l The sample shall comply with t~arftilon for acceptability es speckled in theswiflsation (s) for the item.

1

4.2 Equipment for test.

4.2.1 Packed density apparatus (W fig.18). The apparetrre used for determining thepacked density of pewdered materials shallb-acompesed of the following parts:

(a) Motordriven revolving sem aeeem-bly.

(b) An automatic timer.

(c) Sample assembly coasieting of “1OOcubic centimeter (cc.) graduatecylinder and cylinder holder.

4.3.2 Ba.kwwe. A balance aacurati te plusor minus 0.1 gm shall be used.

4.4 Teat precedure.

4.4.1 Giswrd, A Otemr, dry 2m@decylinder shell be weighed te plus or minus0.1 gm on a batenc.e. The graduate cylindershall be fiued to the upper etched mark withthe teat sample (e.g., the 1OO-CCmark for a1OO-SCgradrmh eyymder). ‘phe’cylinder con-taining the poured sample shall be weighedto PIUSor minus 0.1 grn. The weight of thesample is “the diierenee between the weightof the grednati with the sample and the emp-ty graduate cylinder. ‘l’he graduate eylfndercontaining the sample shall be stoppered andtaped te preveht powder from escaping. Itehall be ineerb3d in the apparatus by pkmfngit drst into the upper circular holder frombelow ~d them into the lower holder so thatthe base of tbe cylinder rests on the rubbercovered bleck, The appsratua shall be turnedon for 10 minutes by means of en autdmatictimer. This causes the motor to revolve thecam at a constant rate of about 60 revolu.tione per minute, raising and efmultaneeuefy

.,..

.

... .


MlL-STD-l 23321 hlarch 1962

turning ,tie graduate cylinder part WaY The volume of the sample in the graduatearouud before it drops to the rubber covered cylinder ehall be read and recorded.bluek. TMs repeatd lifting and droppingjars the material and causes closer packing 4.4.S Coleulai?dm. The paeked density ofof the pmticka. At the end of 10 minutee the the eample shalt be calculated by means oftimer shall automatically break the circuit. the followtng equation:

Pwkad density = Weight of sample in the cyltnder divided byvolume of sample in the cylinder.

Sample calculation:

Weight of graduate cylinder with sample = 216.6 gm,

Weight of. graduata cylinder, empty = -i2L2 gm.

Weight of sample = 95.4 gm,

Volume uf sample in the cyllmter after packing = 82.1 cc..-

Packed density

Packed deneity

Copiescd apsd5ccti0q stendard% drawlmr+ andpubltcstions mmired by contractors in mmnmttonwith SpreM.3p— ant funetbns may he Ohtrduedfrom the proc.ming agsncy or as directsd kq thecontracting OJtlcer.

Copiss of tbls ctandcrd for military use may bsobtained as tadicatsd in the forsward to the Kk-partment of DsfsnBe Index of SpaciScations and.%amlnrds.

C@* of this standard may bs obtained for otherthan OIScialm%by indivtdua~ 6rnw and contractorsfrom the Supertntsndent of DOCmusnts,U. S. Gov.erammt Pdnting Odics, Washington S6, D, C

Both the title and ths identt$+ng aymbel mmhsrsh.mld he stipulated when rcquestig copies of mtt-itnry standards.

,.,, ..,,.

= 95.4 divided ,..by S2.0

= 1,16 gin/co

Not&u WIIm Oovemrnentdratiga, apedamtiom,or ethsr data are nsad for auy purposs otbsr thauin connection wfth a deduitaly rslatad GvranuueMPmsuremant operation, tbs united Statas GOvsm-Iusrktbsmbr Incursno rssponsibtltty uor any abS-@ion whataocvsr, and the fad that the Oovvrn-ment may have formula farutshe& or in anyway supplisd the said draw- sp4Scatims, orothsr data IS not to k regardrd by impltcathm orothcrwk as in any manner Wcueiug &c boldsr orauy other permn or eurporatoq or reavsring aeyrights or permimtcm to mammfa ~ or rdl~Y pa~nti invention that may in any -Y harslated thsreta.

Custdsn: Preparingactivity:Arw-ord Amly-ordNavy.wEPAir Fvrre-WADD

.

2



POROUSPLUG. \

M@F&”DISC

,’:,

.

,.-MPLE 7U8E .,

/.SAM..f [

— POROUS PL UG

9PLuGA4WPULATOR

AssEM& YFIGUTIE1.

9

‘..’ 3.:.

.


MIL-STD-12332} March 1962

.

FIGURE2. The Fwher mbb-aiaw sizer,

. -.. .

~.. .

.-


MII.-STD-1 23321 March 1962

FmvE6 8.

.

5.. . .,. . .



f

[“

>, w.rRE .V-.7, .4.427, H..ze4.4nQP.*z

(m us.?-w/m.-lJM..suai=$=EJEzrR)R)

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m ,*

.s

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FIQURE4.

6


.MII.-STD-1 233!21March 1962

.

Flaw 6. Front vim, .l%atinnu Armmu? wrlicb &w.

7

.

,

,

.

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.,

.


.,

Flew 6. Back wiew, Pimtimw Armwl particle sizer.

8.F

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MIL-STD-12S321 Marth 1962

.,

FmuEE1. .%mpletube .mmblu, Picati?nw ArmIaZ PIJ*”C16$ixer..

9

!


MII.-STD-1 23321 March 1962

#-a

-8

0

FfGOrm 8. Samp& Aeioht #wge, pieubinng Arwnd particb &m’.

10.


iis\1 ~,,,.,.l:,; ,.l; :,,.,,l,l,l,l,( ;l:l,l J,.,l,l.l:l; ll,l:l 1:1

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MN.-S1D-123321 Mcwch 1962

< ‘“O”!” r ‘0’ @JFI

P-30

-45

-40

-35

-20

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-46

-40

- as

-30

-25

-20

-Is./%

# INITIAL MAM2NETRIC READINOIN CM

lPRESWRE RAnO mmaEN7

CALCULATDN OF. AVERAGE PARTICLE OIAMETER(I?A AIR PERMEABILITY APPARATUS :

1Fmm 10.

12



0(

IKa

900–

000,

‘7@-600

0s0

600

.%

400

WO

SOO

=0

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I1O

1000060

m

w

*840*

*$

?0

,8

10 -

s -

NOMOORAMEA FOR *W= C%WlkWA-2 ANO N-W

K

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120

IsM

,s

It

II

m

m0

us

●

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9.5

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OALOULATIONOF AVERAW PARTICLEDIAUEIER(f!A. AIR PCRWBILITV APPARATUS)

FIGIIRE11.

13,,, . . .

1

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1

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a

m*,1,,●

2

.

14.


MIL-STD-1233li March 1962

.. ... .. .:. .

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.FIGurm 13:”

15 ,..

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MlbSTD-123321 March 1962

1

a

a

E

m❑

❑

m

m

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m

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16


.

MIL-STD-123321 March )962 ,.

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‘Ml&3TD-123321 March 1962

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Documents

21 March 1962 - everyspec.com