2.02B Methods and Uses of Animation

2.02 Develop Computer Animations

Frame-by-Frame Animation

Rapidly displaying images, or frames, in a sequence to create the optical illusion of movement.

Digital animation is based on the frame by frame animation process.

Example of a ballbouncing.

The quality of frame-based animation depends on the frame rate.

Frame Rate = Frames per Second

FPS = Smoother Action

The more frames per second, the smoother the motion appears.

Frame-by-Frame Animation (Continued)

Methods of Animating

Morphing Animation

The term morphing comes from the word metamorphosis, which is the transformation of one thing into another.

The beginning image is inserted.

The ending image is inserted.

The computer performs the tweening to generate a sequence of images, each of which is slightly different from the one it follows to gradually morph the two objects.

For example, a photograph of one person might gradually morph into a picture of another person.

Example of Morphing

The top two images show the beginning and ending images.

The lower images show the older man morphing into the young boy.

In business, morphing can be used for transitions between web pages or images.

Beginning Image

Ending Image

Finished Animation

Path Based Animation Also called vector animation.

An object follows a path which is a line, or vector, inserted by the animator.

A motion path can include curves, loops, and angles.

The computer calculates the correct position of the object as it moves along the path and generates the frames to create the animation.

Path Based Animation (Continued)

Vector graphics or animated gifs can be used to create animations with very small file sizes.

The small file sizes make this type of animation very popular on the Web.

Many of the banner ads and embedded animations viewed on web sites use this technology because it loads so quickly and is easy to use.

Programming or Scripting-Based Animation

Requires knowledge of a programming or scripting language.

Example: Rollover or Mouseover When the mouse is moved over an image, it

changes to a different image so quickly that it looks as if the change has occurred in a single instant.

Created by using scripting languages such as Javascript.

Rollovers are extremely important for navigation buttons on user interface designs.

Examples Web pages ■ CBT

programs Kiosks ■ CD-ROM

Training Games ■ CDs and

DVDs.

Programming or Scripting-Based Animation (Continued)

Stop Motion Animation

Process of manipulating real-world objects and photographing them one frame at a time.

Very popular method with the film industry until computer generated imagery became possible.

Now used mainly in clay animation. Example

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moving_Penny.gif

Uses of Computer Animations

Uses of Computer Animation

Entertainment Films, computer games and virtual reality. 3D graphics are popular for these types of

animations because they are more realistic. Virtual Reality is the use of technology to immerse

a user into an artificial environment. Interaction occurs when the user moves around and

manipulates simulated 3D objects in the environment.

Requires high-quality graphics using 3D technology. Requires high frame rates for smooth motion, and

high image resolution for realistic detail.

Uses of Computer Animation

Advertising Animation can be used to catch the viewer’s eye. Popular for banner ads on websites.

Selling – showcasing products or services. Teaching – illustrating concepts or processes. Training – simulating events or demonstrating

techniques in presentations. Examples:

http://www.looking-glass-animations.co.uk/example_animations.htm

http://www.looking-glass-animations.co.uk/

Use Animation Appropriately

Before using an animation, be sure to answer the following questions: Is it appropriate for the target audience? Does it help deliver the message? Is it overused? Does it load quickly?

3D Graphics and Animation Software

3D Graphics and Animation Software

The leading graphics programs designed specifically for creating and editing 3D images are: Xara 3D 3ds Max 4 Maya Blender Flash Cinema 4D

These programs allow users to: Create live-action animation Bounce an object Zoom in or out of a scene Fade text or pictures in or out to create other animated effects.

Design Frame-by-Frame Computer Animations

NOTE: Before continuing with this presentation, open the 3.01C Frame-by-Frame Animation Using PowerPoint Presentation to view a completed animation.

Use PowerPoint to Create Frame by Frame Animation1. Insert a clipart image that is a vector file

Hint: In Microsoft software, search for .wmf files.

2. Ungroup the image.3. Edit the image then regroup it.4. Copy the image and paste it onto the next

slide.5. Change the image or its location.6. Repeat for several slides.

PowerPoint Animation (continued)

Rehearse the timings. Click on Slide Show, Rehearse Timings Set the amount of time for each slide to display.

Set the Show to run continuously. Click on Slide Show, Set Up Show Check Loop Continuously Until Esc

Save and preview the animation.

Create Animated Gifs

Many image editing programs can create animated gifs.

Examples: Adobe PhotoShop and Gimp Steps:

Insert an image. Copy it to a different layer and change the image

or its position. Repeat the layers until you are satisfied. Save the file as an animated gif.

Review

Methods and Uses of Computer Animations Methods of computer animations

Frame-by-Frame Animation Morphing Animation – Uses shape tweening. Path Animation - Uses motion tweening. Programming and Scripting-Based Animation Stop Motion Animation

Uses of computer animations Advertising Entertainment Selling Teaching Training