2020 ASHRAE Winter Conference Library/Conferences/Winter... · Seminar 4 (Intermediate) Moving BAS for Hospitals into the Future . Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation . Room:

1-21-2020

2020 ASHRAE Winter Conference February 1st - February 5th, 2020

Sunday, February 2

8:00 AM - 9:00 AM Panel 1 (Intermediate)

What Makes Orlando and Central Florida a Front-Runner in Implementing Clean Energy and Sustainability Solutions? Track: Cutting Edge Approaches Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 2.8 Building Environmental Impacts and Sustainability Chair: Rafi Karim, P.E., Member, Affiliated Engineers, Inc., Pasadena, CA "Orlando ranked #15 in the new 2019 City Clean Energy Report by ACEEE." To help answer questions like, "What are some of the environmental and social challenges facing the Central Florida region, and what are some the solutions that are being implemented? What are some of the disruptive industry changes happening right now, and how will these affect the local region's urban fabric?" Local thought leaders from the mayor's office and architectural and engineering design community will engage with the audience to discuss how the local government is taking initiatives to reduce the region's overall carbon footprint and build resilience into the community while architects and engineers are working together to implement initiatives set forth by the local government. 1. City of Orlando Chris Castro, Director of Sustainability & Resilience, City of Orlando, Orlando, FL 2. Architect Lindsey Piant Perez, AIA, Southeast Sustainability Leader, DLR Group, Orlando, FL 3. MEP Engineer John Chyz, P.E., CPMP, Building Performance Project Consultant, Affiliated Engineers, Newberry, FL

8:00 AM - 9:00 AM Paper Session 1

Smart Thermostat Sensing and Control Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange A Chair: Davide Ziviani, Ph.D., Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Smart sensors offer new opportunities in buildings, including multi-modal sensors, demand control of thermostats and new algorithms. The first paper studies the impact of different inputs including the environmental data (e.g., temperature, humidity, wind speed and solar radiations), indoor humidity, activity of HVAC system, occupancy and irradiance for different wavelength of radiations (e.g., ultraviolet, infrared, and visible) on the accuracy of indoor air temperature's prediction. In the second paper, a smart grid pilot study consisting of 567 owner-occupied homes in three cities of the province was launched in 2016 to evaluate demand control using OpenADR-compliant connected thermostats. In the final paper, an algorithm is then applied to smart thermostat data both retrospectively and recursively and several interesting case studies are presented. 1. A Case Study of Using Multi-Functional Sensors to Predict the Indoor Air Temperature in Classrooms (OR-20-C001) Ehsan Kamel, Ph.D., Associate Member, New York Tech (NYIT), Old Westbury, NY 2. Demand Control of Baseboard Heaters Using Connected Thermostats: Lessons Learned from 567-Homes Pilot Study (OR-20-C002) Ajit Pardasani, Jennifer A. Veitch, Ph.D., Yitian Hu and Guy R. Newsham, Ph.D., National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada 3. A Change Point Detection Algorithm with Application to Smart Thermostat Data (OR-20-001) Austin Rogers, Ph.D., Affiliate1, Fangzhou Guo2 and Bryan Rasmussen, Ph.D., P.E., Member2, (1)Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, (2)Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

8:00 AM - 9:00 AM Seminar 1 (Intermediate)

Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Systems: Enabling Energy-Resilient High-Performance Buildings Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 6.7 Solar Energy Utilization, TC04.4, TC07.5 Chair: Eric Yang, P.E., BEAP, HBDP, Member, Energy System Group, Washington, DC Distributed energy resources have a key role to play in the transition towards decarbonization and energy resilience of buildings. Recent developments in building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems and standards are making this technology a key component to achieve such transformation. In addition to producing electricity, BIPV also provides various functions of the building envelope while maintaining an aesthetically pleasing architecture. The objective of this seminar is to discuss the technical challenges and available solutions regarding BIPV systems design, implementation and operation. In this seminar, the attendees will gain an understanding of BIPV fundamentals, design and implementation challenges and technical solutions. 1. BIPV as a Multifunctional Building Envelope Solution Francesco Frontini, Ph.D., SUPSI, Canobbio, Switzerland 2. BIPV as a Distributed Energy Resource Veronique Delisle, Ph.D.1 and Costa Kapsis, Ph.D., Member2, (1)CanmetENERGY, Varennes, QC, Canada, (2)Natural Resources Canada, Varennes, QC, Canada 3. BIPV for the Generation of Renewable Thermal and Electric Energy Andreas Athienitis, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada


Improve IAQ by Avoiding Architect, Engineer and Contractor's Common Mistakes Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 1.12 Moisture Management in Buildings Chair: Donald Snell, P.E., Member, Liberty Building Forensics Group, Zellwood, FL IAQ deteriorates from lack of moisture control due to common mistakes by architects, engineers and contractors. This seminar points out at least five often repeated mistakes that designers and constructor make that increase moisture levels and resultant microbial contamination resulting in poor IAQ 1. Common Mistakes Architects Make Regarding Moisture Control and IAQ

Fiona Aldous, Member, WJE, Boca Raton, FL 2. Common Mistakes Engineers Make Regarding Moisture Control and IAQ Norman Nelson, P.E., Life Member, Jacobs Engineering Group, Portland, OR 3. Common Mistakes Contractors Make Regarding Moisture Control and IAQ George Dubose, P.E., Member, Liberty Building Forensics Group, Zellwood, FL


Keeping up with the Mouse: Orlando International Airport Expansion Commissioning and Energy Management Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange B Sponsor: 7.9 Building Commissioning Chair: Wade Conlan, P.E., BCXP, CPMP, Member, Hanson Professional Services, Maitland, FL The Orlando International Airport is developing a new South Terminal Complex, including landside and 26 airside gates. The 2 million square ft. addition costs approximately $3 billion. The existing North Terminal is being renovated with energy optimization in mind. The Airport is conscious of its energy consumption and employs tactics through its sustainability management plan. This session discusses the challenges encountered by team members from the perspective of the owner'€™s director of planning and construction, M/E/P systems'€™ commissioning, and building envelope commissioning authorities. Commissioned systems included all major building envelope, mechanical, plumbing, electrical and life safety systems. 1. Touch and Go: Commissioning Issues for Large Airport Expansion Robert Knoedler, P.E., Member, Hanson Professional Services, Raleigh, NC 2. Energy and Sustainability Management for Aviation Facilities Michelle DeLora, AIA,1 Davin Ruohomaki1 and Robert Knoedler, P.E., Member2, (1)Greater Orlando Aviation Authority, Orlando, FL, (2)Hanson Professional Services, Raleigh, NC


Moving BAS for Hospitals into the Future Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application, 9.6 Healthcare Facilities Chair: James Coogan, P.E., Associate Member, Siemens Building Technologies, Chicago, IL Hospital facilities are evolving to better serve the needs of staff and patients. Hospital BAS are evolving to support the new, higher level of function. This includes integrating new medical systems, upgrading to operate in today's computer networks, delivering data that supports accreditation programs and maintaining operation through development. 1. Creating Smart Hospitals: Giving Patients Control, Improving Patient and Staff Experiences and Improving Operating Results Jerry Folsom, Siemens Smart Infrastructure, Austin, TX 2. Achieving the Impossible: A Case Study of How to Stay Fully Operational while Evolving into a “Hospital of the Future” Michelle Shadpour, Associate Member, SC Engineers, Inc., San Diego, CA


Solar Assisted Air Conditioning: How Solar Energy Can Cool Down your Building Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 6.7 Solar Energy Utilization, 8.3 Absorption and Heat Operated Machines Chair: Constantinos A. Balaras, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, NOA, Athens, Greece With the transition towards decarbonization of the built environment, solar assisted cooling has emerged as an increasingly popular application over the past two decades, mostly driven by significant cost reductions and technology advancements. The objective of this seminar is to discuss the technical challenges and available solutions regarding a solar assisted cooling system's design, implementation and operation. In this seminar, the attendees gain an understanding of operation principles, design and

implementation challenges and effective technical solutions. The seminar includes information on common systems using closed sorption cycles and open cycles, different types of solar collectors and performance indicators. 1. Solar Site Assessment: Know-When Khalid Nagidi, BEAP, Member, Energy Management Consulting Group, Wantagh, NY 2. Solar Assisted Air Conditioning: Know-How Constantinos A. Balaras, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, NOA, Athens, Greece 3. Solar Cooling: Know-What Tim Merrigan, Life Member, Energy Information Services, Denver, CO

8:00 AM - 9:00 AM Seminar 6 (Basic)

Updates and Lessons Learned from Recent Room Load Calculation Research Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 4.1 Load Calculation Data and Procedures Chair: Rachel Spitler, Associate Member, Cyntergy, Tulsa, OK This seminar covers updates from ongoing room load calculation research and applications of recent room load calculation research. Ongoing research on internal heat and moisture gains in commercial dishrooms is presented, along with strategies for handling those gains. Lessons learned from recent research into radiant cooling and its applications for room load calculations are also presented. The fundamentals of radiant cooling and room load interactions are discussed, as are practical strategies to adjust the distribution of room loads. This seminar should be useful to engineers with an interest in the design of commercial dishrooms or the design of radiant systems. 1. A Research Update on RP-1778 Heat and Moisture Loading from Commercial Dishroom Appliances and Equipment Denis Livchak, P.E., Associate Member, Frontier Energy, San Ramon, CA 2. Fundamentals of Cooling Loads for Radiant Systems: Room vs. System Loads Atila Novoselac, Ph.D., Associate Member, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 3. Role of Surface Boundary Condition on the Room Convective and Radiative Loads Ardeshir Moftakhari, Student Member, University of Texas, Austin, TX

Sunday, February 2, 9:45 AM - 10:45 AM Debate 1 (Intermediate)

Does Building Energy Efficiency Matter in a 100% Renewable Grid? Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation Room: Orlando VI Chair: Jim Edelson, Associate Member1, Randall Higa, P.E., Member2, Adam Hinge, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE3, Jon McHugh, P.E., Member4 and Mark Lyles1, (1)New Buildings Institute, Portland, OR(2)Southern California Edison, Rosemead, CA(3)Sustainable Energy Partnerships, Tarrytown, NY(4)McHugh Energy Consultants Inc., Fair Oaks, CA Hundreds of jurisdictions across North America - cities, states, and provinces - have pledged to achieve 100% renewable grid- based electricity between 2030 and 2050. As emerging policies move buildings from mixed-fuel to all-electric, a new dynamic arises where building energy consumption becomes all-renewable and carbon impacts of building energy consumption are diminished or eliminated. Does efficiency remain relevant when the electric grid becomes carbon-free? Is time-of-use demand more important than overall consumption? How do behind-the-meter storage and renewables compare to efficiency? This debate will present arguments that traditional efficiency is or is not still critical when electricity (or gas) is carbon-free.


Cutting Edge Approaches to Heat Generation Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange C Chair: Davide Ziviani, Ph.D., Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Heat generation, including natural gas/electricity fuel switching, electrical substations and solar-assisted heating are the focus of this session. Smart Fuel Switching Control is a new cloud-based technology developed to give homeowners the choice by creating competitive conditions for the adoption of low-carbon technology. The second paper describes a project that investigates the amount of waste heat that is emitted from the UK's substation stock whilst evaluating its practicality as a secondary heat source for a local decentralized heating network, using the Southampton City District Energy Scheme as a case study. The third paper investigates a novel, low cost, solar thermal energy-based system, namely a Low-Emissivity Transpired Solar

Collector (Low-E TSC). 1. Smart Control for Residential Fuel Switching between Natural Gas and Electricity (OR-20-C003) Farzin M.Rad, Ph.D., P.E., Member, Nima Alibabaei, Ph.D. and Tom Grochmal, Ph.D., P.E., Enbridge Gas Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada 2. Project Shoes: Secondary Heat Opportunities from Electrical Substations (OR-20-C004) James Bowman, RHB Partnership LLP, Winchester, United Kingdom 3. Preliminary Study of a Solar Assisted Heating System (OR-20-C005) Gareth Davies, Ph.D.1, John Blower2, Richard Hall, Ph.D.2, Soma Mohammadi, Ph.D.2 and Graeme Maidment, Ph.D., P.E.1, (1)London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom, (2)Energy Transitions Ltd, Cardiff, United Kingdom


Ventilation for Multi-Unit and High-Rise Buildings Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Ahmed Elatar, Ph.D., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Multi-unit and high-rise buildings pose unique ventilation and IAQ challenges. The first paper presents elevator pressurization systems for 12+ story buildings to prevent smoke from flowing from the fire floor through an elevator shaft and threatening life on floors away from the fire. The second paper presents air leakage testing in a vacant suite of a high-rise post-war MF building located in Toronto, Canada. The purpose of this test was to determine the air leakage profile of a corridor door in four configurations. The final paper of the session investigates investigation of two post-war high-rise multi-unit residential buildings in Toronto, Canada, was carried out where the performance of the ventilation system was measured periodically over five months and occupant IAQ perception surveys were also carried out. The measured ventilation data revealed that the ventilation rates in both buildings were typically approximately half of the designed and commissioned values. 1. A New Look at Elevator Pressurization (OR-20-C006) John Klote, P.E., Fellow Life Member1 and Paul Turnbull, Member2, (1)John Klote Fire and Smoke Consulting, Leesburg, VA, (2)Siemens Building Technologies, Inc., Buffalo Grove, IL 2. Investigating the Impact of Sweeps and Weather Stripping on Suite Door Air Tightness in Multi-Family Buildings (OR-20-C007) Xinxiu Tian, Student Member, Jamie Fine, Ph.D., Associate Member and Marianne Touchie, Ph.D., Member, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 3. Ventilation and IAQ Perceptions in a Post-War Multi-Unit Residential Building (OR-20-C008) Jamie Fine, Ph.D., Associate Member and Marianne Touchie, Ph.D., Member, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada


ASHRAE Conference Crash Course Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications Room: Orange E Sponsor: YEA Committee Chair: Rachel Romero, P.E., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO First time at an ASHRAE Conference? Been coming for years, but still confused? What is a TC? What is a Standing Committee? Who can attend what? What is the AHR Expo? And why is all this happening at once? This crash course provides all attendees with an introduction to all the ASHRAE Conference activities, explains how you can get involved, and allows you to ask questions to experienced attendees. 1. The Ins and Outs of ASHRAE Jessica Errett, P.E., BEMP, Member, Energy Studio, Inc, Omaha, NE 2. Make the Most of Your Conference Experience Madison Schultz, P.E., Member, OK BeCo, Oklahoma City, OK


Cold Climate Building Design for Oil and Gas Applications Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 9.2 Industrial Air Conditioning, TRG 9 Cold Climate Building Design Chair: Erich Binder, Life Member, Erich Binder Consulting Limited, Calgary, AB, Canada

This session is based on a new chapter in the ASHRAE Cold Climate Design Guide that focuses on the unique challenges associated with heating, ventilation and air conditioning of oil and gas facilities located in cold climates. Cold climate considerations play a major role in the design of oil and gas HVAC systems along with the selection, operation and maintenance of HVAC equipment. In addition to the cold climate considerations, the unique nature of requirements and design practices specific to oil and gas facilities influence HVAC systems and equipment selections. 1. Design Considerations, Code and Hazardous Space Requirements Erik Ostberg, P.E., CPMP, Member, ASHRAE, Anchorage, AK 2. Cold Climate Specific HVAC Systems Design Mak Kampen, P.E., Member, Erich Binder Consulting Limited, Calgary, AB, Canada


Cutting Edge Approaches to a 21st Century Learning Environment Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 9.1 Large Building Air-Conditioning Systems, 9.8 Large Building Air-Conditioning Systems Chair: Bill Artis, BCXP, BEAP, BEMP, Member, Energy Project Consulting LLC, NEW HYDE PARK, NY Universities are faced with the challenge of maintaining and optimizing older buildings for the learning environments required in modern academic settings. This session reviews€™ experiences with retrofitting some of the oldest academic buildings in the U.S. to meet these modern requirements, the challenges faced and the performance results of projects. In addition to reviewing the technical aspects of these projects, the participation and interaction from faculty and students in these projects, and how they created an environment that is a hive of activity, design experimentation and broad intellectual exchange is presented. 1. The Transformation of Marston Hall: Creating a 21st Century Learning Environment within a 19th Century Structure Lincoln Pearce, P.E., BEAP, Member, IMEG Corp, Des Moines, IA 2. You Can Teach a Historic School of Architecture New Tricks Kelley Cramm, P.E., Member, Henderson Engineers, Lenexa, KS


Cutting-Edge Japanese Technologies SHASE Award for Renovation Project in 2019 Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange B Sponsor: SHASE Chair: Makoto Koganei, Ph.D., Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan Two projects are presented in this session. One is the renovation project of the heat source plant of Kyoto Station Building, Japan. Commissioning process was introduced from the design to operation phase for the first time in Japanese buildings. The project received the 2019 Renewal Award of SHASE recognizing the achievement of 60% energy reduction. Another project in northern Japan introduces 12 years of effort to reduce energy consumption. Continuous monitoring, improved operation and retrofitting were achieved following intensive discussions involving the building owner, energy managers and building designers. 1. Energy Conservation in Heat-Source Plants with Renovation of a Large Complex Station Building Introducing Commissioning Harunori Yoshida, Ph.D., Member, Non-Profit Organization Building Services Commissioning Association, Osaka, Japan 2. Continuously Improved Energy Performance of Medium-Sized Building in a Cool Area Noriyuki Toyohara, TAISEI Corporation, Tokyo, Japan


Smart Thermostats, Energy Savings and Equipment Performance Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 6.3 Central Forced Air Heating and Cooling Systems Chair: Lawrence Brand, Member, Frontier Energy, Davis, CA Smart thermostats are used extensively with residential furnaces and boilers to save energy. Of the four types of thermostats available (programmable, communicating, analytics-capable or Energy Star qualified), three are considered smart. Do smart thermostats control residential heating systems in a way not considered by the ASHRAE 103 AFUE standard? What is the field experience with these devices, and how much energy do they save? In this seminar the speakers address how smart thermostats control furnaces and boilers, how the ASHRAE 103 AFUE standard uses thermostat cycling parameters, and several utility programs determine energy savings and incentives.

1. How ASHRAE Standard 103 Uses Thermostat Cycling Paul Haydock, Associate Member, United Technologies Carrier, Indianapolis, IN 2. How Smart Thermostats Save Energy Will Baker, Google Nest, Chicago, IL 3. Cold Climate Utility Incentives and Energy Savings for Smart Thermostats Eric Johansen, P.E., Member, CenterPoint Energy, Minneapolis, MN

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Paper Session 4

Indoor Environmental Quality with an Emphasis on Thermal Comfort Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Ahmed Elatar, Ph.D., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN This session considers indoor environmental quality and thermal comfort, while considering measurements, heat stress index, ceiling fans and solar screens. This first study examines IEQ parameters, including pressure, illuminance level, acoustics, carbon dioxide levels, temperature and humidity, with appropriate monitors allocated during the same lecture hour in four lecture halls from October 2018 to March 2019. Results were compared to ventilation guideline for lecture halls by ASHRAE. The second paper introduces an algebraic-type heat stress index called ETV and how it can be used to estimate the duration limit of exposure under different indoor environmental and personal conditions. In the third paper, the results suggest that despite lower air speeds, fans blowing upwards can provide more spatially uniform thermal comfort under elevated air speeds, requiring less consideration of occupant and furniture placement relative to the fan. The fourth paper asks, how fenestrations like solar screens can be designed to achieve thermally dynamic indoors for occupant pleasure? 1. Indoor Environmental Quality Evaluation of an Institutional Building (OR-20-C009) Lexuan Zhong, Ph.D., P.E., Member, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada 2. Indoor Heat Stress Index Based on the Predicted Heat Strain Model and Its Application (OR-20-C010) Yue Zou, Ph.D., P.E., CPMP, Member and Yang Li, Donghua University, Shanghai, China 3. Spatially Uniform Comfort from Ceiling Fans Blowing in the Upwards Direction (OR-20-C011) Thomas C. Parkinson, Ph.D.1, Paul Raftery, Ph.D., Member2 and Elaina Present2, (1)UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, (2)University of California, Berkeley, CA 4. Investigating the Impact of External Solar Screens on Occupant Thermal Comfort and Pleasure: An Observational Field Study (OR-20-C012) Niyati Naik, Student Member and Ihab Elzeyadi, Ph.D., HBDP and BEMP, Member, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 5. Investigating the Impact of Plant Phytoremediation on Indoor Air Quality in Work Environments: A Meta- Analysis (OR-20-C013) Hooman Parhizkar, Student Member and Ihab Elzeyadi, Ph.D., HBDP and BEMP, Member, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR


Cutting Edge Modeling and Optimization Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange C Chair: Jaya Mukhopadhyay, Ph.D., Member, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT New approaches in modeling and optimization are highlighted in this session. The first paper explores the improvement on traditional insulated concrete form construction by embedding pipes for heating and cooling into poured concrete walls and floor. The second paper provides some of the highlights of ASHRAE-sponsored 1745-RP project and provides general recommendations, warnings, and guidelines, for the use or reanalysis for building design. The third study presents the results of the Gradient Descent optimization method to optimize the skylight sizes by considering all the qualitative and quantitative factors, including daylight availability, glare and energy. The final paper couples a derivative-free optimization technique with a numerical building energy modeling tool to determine least-cost hybrid heating system sizing and operation strategies. 1. Modelling of Thermally Active Walls for Building Energy Reduction (OR-20-C014) Brandon Field, Ph.D., Associate Member, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN 2. On the Use of Reanalysis in ASHRAE Applications (RP-1745) (OR-20-002) Michael Roth, Ph.D., Member, Klimaat, Guelph, ON, Canada 3. Quantifying Risk with Selection of the Natural Gas Maximum Daily Quantity (OR-20-003) Matthew Swanson, Ph.D., Associate Member, U.S. Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Champaign, IL 4. Gradient Descent Approach with a Unified Metric to Find a Cohesive Optimal Solution for Optimal Fenestration Sizes (OR-20-C015) Sara Motamedi, Ph.D., Interface Engineering, San Francisco, CA

5. Cost-Optimal Sizing and Operation of a Hybrid Heat Pump System Using Numerical Simulation (OR-20-C016) Noah Rauschkolb, Student Member, Vijay Modi, Ph.D. and Patricia Culligan, Ph.D., P.E., Columbia University, NEW YORK, NY


Novel Refrigerant Lubricants and Systems Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange B Chair: Gurunarayana Ravi, Lennox International, Frisco, TX Refrigeration and lubricants are critical for effective air conditioning and operation. The first paper develops a new comprehensive model by modifying and integrating existing convective heat transfer models originally developed for nanofluids and pool boiling models for nanolubricants. The second paper, as part of ASHRAE's 125-year celebration, discusses the evolution of refrigerants, lubricants, contaminant control and system chemistry. The third paper presents the design, assembly, and operation of a multi-stage, two-evaporator transcritical CO2 cycle with a combined capacity between the two independently- controlled evaporators of approximately 10 kW. The final paper presents the vortex tube, a special industrial and refrigerator device that uses pressurized air as a working medium. 1. Two-Phase Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Model for R410A and Nanolubricant Mixtures in a Smooth Tube (OR-20- C017) Pratik Deokar, Student Member and Lorenzo Cremaschi, Ph.D., Member, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 2. 125 Years of ASHRAE: What I Have Learned in the Last 35 Years Regarding Refrigerants and Lubricant Chemistry and Interactions (OR-20-C018) Joseph Karnaz, Member, Shrieve Chemical Products, Inc, The Woodlands, TX 3. Development of a Multi-Stage Two-Evaporator Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Experimental Comparisons of Expansion Work Recovery Technologies (OR-20-C019) Riley B. Barta, Student Member, Davide Ziviani, Ph.D., Member and Eckhard Groll, Dr.Ing., Fellow ASHRAE, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 4. Numerical Enhancement Analyses of Refrigerator Vortex Tubes Cooling Performance (OR-20-C020) Essam Khalil, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Mahmoud AbdelGhafar, P.Eng., Karam Beshay, Ph.D., P.E. and Gamal ElHarriri, Ph.D., P.E., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Seminar 12 (Intermediate)

Cannabis Grow Facilities: Challenges for HVAC Design, Equipment Selection and Operation, Part 2 Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 1.5 Computer Applications, 2.2 Plant and Animal Environment Chair: Stephen Roth, P.E., Member, Carmel Software Corp., San Rafael, CA The legalization of cannabis in many U.S. states and Canada is providing a unique growth opportunity for the HVAC industry. Grow facilities that focus on cannabis require specific air conditions that differ from conventional HVAC systems. The first speaker discusses how HVAC load calculations and psychrometries differ for grow facilities versus conventional HVAC applications. The second speaker discusses how specialized software is required to size equipment for grow facilities due to the emphasis on latent loads and the many different room conditions that are required. The final speaker focuses on HVAC equipment selection for grow facilities. 1. HVAC Load Calculations for Cannabis Grow Facilities Nadia Sabeh, P.E., Associate Member, Dr. Greenhouse, Inc., Sacramento, CA 2. Why Selection Software Is Essential for Sizing Equipment for Grow Facilities Stephen Roth, P.E., Member, Carmel Software Corp., San Rafael, CA 3. HVAC Equipment Selection for Cannabis Grow Facilities Daniel Dettmers, Member, Quest Dehumidifiers, Madison, WI


Current Practices of Grid Interactive Building Applications Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 7.5 Smart Building Systems Chair: Christie Kjellman, Member, Kliewer & Associates, Aliso Viejo, CA Buildings can now be used as suppliers of energy rather than the traditional model of solely consumers of energy. Price signals, model predictive control and responsive building loads are tools which can be utilized to allow and promote grid interactive buildings. This session presents applications of where, how and why smart residential, commercial and industrial buildings and interactive grids are being implemented around the country. 1. Improving Net Load through Model Predictive Control of Buildings Greg Pavlak, Ph.D., Member, Penn State, University Park, PA 2. Retail Subscription Transactive Tariffs for Grid Interactive Buildings Ed Cazalet, Ph.D., Temix Inc., Los Altos, CA 3. Unlocking Value with Grid Interactive Flexible Building Loads Ari Halberstadt, Extensible Energy, Berkeley, CA 4. The Importance of IoT for the Smart Grid Michel Kohanim, Universal Devices, Inc., Encino, CA 5. A Grid Interactive Neighborhood: Case Study Michael Starke, Ph.D., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN


Measured Stack Effect Impact on Tall, Super Tall and Mega Tall Buildings Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 9.12 Tall Buildings Chair: Dennis Wessel, P.E., Fellow Life Member, Retired, Cleveland, OH This program explores the impact stack effect has on tall buildings. The first speaker explores measured temperature and pressure effects on these tall structures under varying conditions and multiple cities across the U.S. and Canada. The second speaker addresses design basis variations to counteract stack effect in new tall buildings and discusses the potential impact of uncontrolled stack effect on systems design and building's energy performance. The third speaker discusses the problems caused by stack effect in an existing building and what solutions for correction of these problems has been proposed. 1. Measured Temperature and Pressure Effects on Tall Structures. Duncan Phillips, Ph.D., P.E., Associate Member, RWDI, Guelph, ON, Canada 2. Design Basis Variations to Counteract Stack Effect in New Tall Buildings Mehdi Jalayerian, P.E., Member, Environmental Systems Design, Inc., Chicago, IL 3. Lessons Learned from Stack Effect Problems in an Existing Building John Carter, Member, CPP, Fort Collins, CO


Overview of the New Chapter 65 in 2019 HVAC Applications Handbook: Occupant- Centric Sensing and Controls Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange E Sponsor: MTG.OBB Occupant Behavior in Buildings Chair: Tianzhen Hong, Ph.D., Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA Occupants live and work in buildings for 90% of their time. Understanding their dynamic and diverse comfort needs and their interactions with building systems is crucial to ensuring building design and operations meet energy performance goals while providing healthy and productive living and working environments. This seminar provides an overview of the new chapter, occupant-centric sensing and controls, in the 2019 Handbook, HVAC Applications volume. The new chapter includes three main sections: 1. collecting real-time occupancy and occupant comfort feedback, 2. integrating occupant feedback into HVAC control

schemes, and 3. modeling and evaluating occupant-centric HVAC control systems. 1. Collecting Real-Time Occupancy and Occupant Comfort Feedback Jared Langevin, Ph.D., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 2. Integrating Occupant Feedback into HVAC Control Schemes Bing Dong, Ph.D., Member, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 3. Modeling and Evaluating Occupant-Centric HVAC Control Systems Tianzhen Hong, Ph.D., Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA


Watch Out for the Unforeseen When Designing Green Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 2.8 Building Environmental Impacts and Sustainability Chair: Janice Means, P.E., Life Member, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI When designing or retrofitting buildings for increased energy efficiency and high performance, take care to not cause unforeseen and unintentionally detrimental issues for occupants or the building. Occupants may be adversely affected by decreased indoor environmental quality and water quality if green design is not carefully thought out and executed. Interior materials, furnishings or the building envelope itself can be compromised if energy conservation measures are not fully analyzed for potential effects. Speakers address potentially adverse issues affecting IAQ, acoustics, water-quality and the building (with potential solutions) when designing/retrofitting for energy efficiency and high performance. 1. Breathe Deeply, or Don't: Energy Conservation, Indoor Air Quality, Health and Productivity...and Legal Liability James L. Newman, BEAP and OPMP, Life Member, Newman Consulting Group, Farmington Hills, MI 2. Controlling Opportunistic Pathogen Growth While Achieving Energy and Water Conservation William J. Rhoads, Ph.D., Member, Amy Pruden, Ph.D. and Marc A. Edwards, Ph.D., Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 3. Impacts of Sustainable Design Choices on Noise Control Mandy Kachur, P.E., Member, Soundscape Engineering, Plymouth, MI 4. Considerations When Going Green with a Historic Building Janice K. Means, P.E., Life Member, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM Paper Session 7 (Basic)

Commemorating ASHRAE's 125th Anniversary: Progress of Key Industries Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications Room: Orange A Sponsor: Historical Committee Chair: Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX Celebrate ASHRAE's 125th anniversary with insights on how filtration, frozen foods and electronics have changed over the years. Filtration and air cleaning emerged during the 20th century as a key and essential component of the art and science of the control and removal of harmful contaminants from controlled environments. Its development and application have paralleled the advancement of ventilation and temperature control in built environments. This session summarizes the development of the frozen food sector, highlighting key technological, product and food science-driven advances. Over the last 23+ years ASHRAE has made dramatic progress towards the use of the electronic communications and the Internet for technical society communications. 1. History of Filtration in the 20th Century: A Review of Significant Advances and Related Influences in the Advancement of the Art and Science of Filtration and Air Cleaning (OR-20-004) Marilyn A Listvan, Ph.D., Member1, H Burroughs2 and Brian Krafthefer, P.E., Fellow Life Member3, (1)Listvan Consulting, Edina, MN, (2)Building Wellness Consultancy, Inc, Atlanta, GA, (3)BCK Consulting, LLC, Stillwater, MN 2. The History of Food Freezing (OR-20-005) Donald Cleland, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Massey University, Palmerston, New Zealand 3. The Evolution of ASHRAE’s Electronic Communications and Publication Technology (OR-20-006) Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., BEMP, Fellow ASHRAE1, Art Hallstrom, P.E., BEMP, Fellow ASHRAE2 and Steve Comstock3, (1)Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, (2)AD Hall and Associates, Lexington, KY, (3)ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM Paper Session 8

Utilizing Waste Heat and Thermal Management Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange B Chair: Gurunarayana Ravi, Lennox International, Frisco, TX This session focuses on utilizing waste heat in heating districts, refurbishing a 1980s building complex, battery thermal management and data center cooling. The first paper reviews how a new generation of district heating networks utilizing waste heat can deliver massive carbon savings and are key to meeting future targets. The second paper describes the refurbishing and densification of a residential building complex, built in 1985, in the city of Salzburg, Austria. The third study focuses on the experimental and numerical investigation on designing a novel heat exchanger to effectively dissipate the heat generated from the pouch-cell battery during the charging and discharging. The final study addresses data center cooling intended to achieve a cooling system that reduces the power consumed by general-purpose auxiliary peripherals (e.g., pumps and fans) to approximately zero. 1. Assessing the Performance of District Heating Networks Utilizing Waste Heat: A Review (OR-20-C021) Henrique R. P. Lagoeiro, Akos Revesz, Ph.D., Affiliate, Graeme Maidment, Ph.D., P.E. and Gareth Davies, Ph.D., London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom 2. Survey of an Exhaust Ventilation System in Combination with a Drain Water Heat Recovery for Social Housing (OR- 20-C022) Elisabeth Wieder, Michael Bayer, Markus Leeb and Thomas Reiter, Dr.Ing., FH Salzburg, Puch/Salzburg, Austria 3. Experimental and Numerical Investigation on a Novel Polymer Heat Exchanger for Pouch-Type Battery Thermal Management System (OR-20-C023) Uk Min Han1 and Hoseong Lee2, (1)Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South), (2)Korea university, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) 4. Absorption Cooling for Data Centers Powered by Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Waste Heat (OR-20-C024) Alejandro Lavernia, Student Member, Maryam Asghari and Jacob Brouwer, Ph.D., Advanced Power and Energy Program at University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 5. Study on a Cooling System with Power Usage Effectiveness of 1.02x for Server Rooms (OR-20-C025) Naoki Aizawa, BEAP, Takasago Thermal Engineering Co.,Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM Seminar 17 (Intermediate)

Aircraft Cabin Air Quality, Airborne Disease Exposures and Ventilation Controls Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 4.10 Indoor Environmental Modeling, 9.3 Transportation Air Conditioning Chair: Liangzhu (Leon) Wang, Ph.D., P.E., Member, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada Aircraft cabin is a special type of built environment with many people crowding within narrow spaces for a short period time whereas under higher risk of exposures to airborne diseases than other indoor situations. This seminar enlightens the public about critical issues of air quality, airborne disease transmission and health impacts, and ventilation control strategies specialized for aircraft cabins. It reports the most recent state-of-the-art research and development including airborne particle and droplet testing and simulation methods, their spreading through diffusers, inside the cabins, and from the lavatories and toilets, and the ventilation controls by a new personalized ventilation system. 1. A New Personalized Ventilation System for Airliner Cabins Qingyan Chen, Ph.D., Life Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 2. Airborne Disease Exposure and Tracer Data in Aircraft Cabin James Bennett, Ph.D., Member, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. DHHS, Cincinnati, OH 3. Transient Airflow and Particle Transmission from Aircraft Lavatories Tengfei Zhang, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China 4. Experimental Measurements and Large Eddy Simulation of Particle Deposition Distribution Around Aircraft Cabin Supply Air Nozzles Chun Chen, Ph.D., Associate Member, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 5. Analyzing the Symmetry of Airborne Pathogens Dispersion in Airplane Cabins M.H. Hosni, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS


Brilliant Execution of Smart Labs: How to Employ Smart Labs to Improve Safety, Reduce Energy and Make Labs Sustainable Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 9.10 Laboratory Systems, 7.6 Building Energy Performance , 4.3 Ventilation Requirements and Infiltration Chair: Brad Cochran, P.E., Member, CPP Wind Engineering & Air Quality Consultants, Fort Collins, CO Smart Labs enable safe and efficient world class science to occur in laboratories through high-performance methods. A Smart Labs program employs a combination of physical, administrative, and management techniques to assess, optimize, manage and maintain high performance laboratories. This session will look at the Smart Labs toolkit and resources, review the technology choices for implementing smart ventilation strategies, and then listen to the experience of an implementer who is seeing the safety and energy-savings results of Smart Labs through an integrated laboratory airflow management program. 1. Smart Labs Toolkit: A Guide to Enable Labs of the Future Rachel Romero, P.E., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 2. Advanced Technologies Used in Smart Labs to Improve Safety and Reduce Energy Consumption Tom Smith, Member, 3Flow, Cary, NC 3. Integrated Laboratory Airflow Management Deirdre Carter, P.E., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA


Cutting-Edge Japanese Technologies SHASE Award for ZEB in 2019 Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange E Sponsor: SHASE Chair: Ryozo Ooka, Ph.D., Member, University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science, Tokyo, Japan Three SHASE-awarded and "ZEB-oriented" office buildings are introduced in this session. The adopted technologies include: natural ventilation, daylighting, building facade covered with plants, cool/heat tube, radiant heating/cooling system, thermo- active building system, ground source heat pump, adsorption chiller with solar energy, independent AHUs for sensible and latent heat and visual energy management system. Energy consumption was reduced by 50 to 70 percent compared to reference buildings in these three buildings, which are located in the north, south and Tokyo, respectively. 1. Design and Performance Verification of Green Buildings with the Aid of TABS Hiroshi Muramatsu, Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 2. Medium-Sized Offices in Urban Areas Tackling Energy Consumption Reduction and Targeting ZEB Akihiko Ota, CHD, Shimizu Corporation, Osaka, Japan 3. Environmental Systems and Equipment Design in ZEB City Halls in Cold Regions Satoki Hoshino, Nihon Sekkei, Inc., Tokyo, Japan


Occupant-Centric Building Design and Operation: State of the Art and Challenges, Part 2 Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange C Sponsor: MTG.OBB Occupant Behavior in Buildings Chair: Bing Dong, Ph.D., Member, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY Occupants live and work in buildings for 90% of their time. Depending on the building type and degree of automation, occupants remain one of the greatest influences of building energy use. The goal of Annex 79 is to integrate and implement occupancy and occupant behavior into the design process and building operation to improve both energy performance and occupant comfort. There are four major activities of Annex 79. This seminar discusses the progress of each activity and covers the topics, including multiple interdependent indoor environmental drivers, big data for occupant behavior and integrating behavior into design and operation. 1. A True Smart Home Is a Healthy Home: Curated Sleep Environment As an Example Jie Zhao, Delos LLC, New York, NY 2. Data-Driven Modelling and Research on Occupant Presence and Actions Bing Dong, Ph.D., Member, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY

3. How Occupant Data and Assumptions Are Used in Design Calculations and Code Compliance? Tianzhen Hong, Ph.D., Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 4. What Do Occupants Want? Let’s Ask Them Clayton Miller, Ph.D., National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore


Putting People First: The Healing Power of Indoor Air Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 5.11 Humidifying Equipment , Environmental Health Chair: Stephanie Taylor, M.D., Member, Harvard Medical School, Infection Control Consultant, Boston, MA Increasing numbers of people are struggling against virulent infections, allergic and inflammatory diseases. Are we missing an important environmental factor that simultaneously makes us more vulnerable while it strengthens pathogenic micro-organisms? This session presents data showing how IAQ is related to these alarming health trends, and how design and management of HVAC systems can improve occupant health. Understanding the influence of IAQ on humans is not just theoretically interesting; it has become an urgent topic for all of us. For those interested in the business case for managing IAQ to support occupant health, financial models will be presented. 1. Putting People First: The Healing Power of Indoor Air Stephanie Taylor, M.D., Member, Harvard Medical School, Infection Control Consultant, Boston, MA 2. Low Ambient Humidity Impairs Barrier Function and Innate Resistance Against Influenza Infection Eriko Kudo, Ph.D., Yale Immunobiology Laboratory, New Haven, CT 3. Operating and Intensive Care Room Hospital Acquired Infection Prevention Safety Surveillance System Damon Greeley, P.E., HFDP1 and Jennifer Wagner, Ph.D.2, (1)Onsite-LLC, Indianapolis, IN, (2)OnSite-LLC, Indianapolis, IN

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM Seminar 22 (Basic)

Yay! For YEA! Refrigerants and Refrigeration Concepts for YEA Members, by YEA Members Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 3.2 Refrigerant System Chemistry, 3.1 Refrigerants and Secondary Coolants , TC 3.3, TC 3.4 Chair: Christopher Seeton, Ph.D., Member, Shrieve, The Woodlands, TX This session focuses on the new refrigerants, lubricants, and refrigerant chemistry highlighted in the ASHRAE Handbook chapters. The presenters are all YEA members in the TC Section 3 groups presenting the information in a way that is meaningful to YEA members in attendance. 1. Refrigerant System Chemistry for Current and Future Refrigerants Elyse Sorenson, Associate Member, Trane, Ingersoll Rand, La Crosse, WI 2. A World of Choices: How to Use the Handbook to Analyze New Refrigerants for Retrofits and New Construction Ivan Rydkin, Member, Daikin-America, Orangeburg, NY 3. Refrigerants for Current and Futures Systems: New Builds TBA (not confirmed), TBA, TBA, GA 4. Lubrication for Current and Future Refrigerants Jessica Jude, The Lubrizol Corporation, Midland, MI

3:15 PM - 4:45 PM Seminar 23 (Advanced)

The Great Energy Predictor Shootout III Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 1.5 Computer Applications, 4.7 Energy Calculations Chair: Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX This seminar presents the results of the long-awaited ASHRAE Predictor Shootout III competition to determine who has the most accurate procedure(s) for automatically predicting whole-building energy use for a large number of buildings (i.e., big data). Previous ASHRAE Shootout competitions were held in 1993 and 1995. This seminar includes presentations on how the contest

was organized; what approaches contestants used; and presents the winners of competition, as well as a discussion about the importance of the competition to ASHRAE’s Strategic Research Goals. 1. Organization of the Predictor Shootout III Krishnan Gowri, Ph.D., BEMP, Fellow ASHRAE, Intertek Building Science Solutions, Bothell, WA 2. Value of the Predictor Shootout III Competition Chris Balbach, P.E., BEMP, Associate Member, Performance Systems Development, Ithaca, NY 3. Data Collection and Result Analysis for the Predictor Shootout III Clayton Miller, Ph.D., National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Monday, February 3

8:00 AM - 9:30 AM Paper Session 9 (Basic)

Commemorating ASHRAE's 125th Anniversary: The Evolution of Energy Modeling Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications Room: Orange B Sponsor: Historical Committee Chair: Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX Celebrate ASHRAE's 125th anniversary with a discussion of how energy modeling has changed since the 1970s. Energy modeling software has become an indispensable tool for engineering firms designing commercial buildings, especially when owner objectives involve green or sustainable building. 1. 25 Year Evolution of a Worldwide Building Energy Simulation and Compliance Software Tool (OR-20-007) Liam Buckley, CEng, BEMP, Member, IES Ltd., Oakland, CA 2. History of TRANE's Trace Software (Technical OR-20-008) John Sustar, Member, TRANE, La Crosse, WI 3. Carrier HAP and the Evolution of Energy Modeling Tools (Technical OR-20-009) James Pegues, Member, Carrier Corporation, Syracuse, NY


CFD Modeling for Ventilation Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Hyojin Kim, Ph.D., Member, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ This session focuses on applications of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to improve infection control in offices, sensor placement for demand controlled ventilation, effects of door opening and designing ventilation for dairy barns. The first paper analyzes the simulation of pollutant transmission characteristics in an office room with infectious person, including the ability of the ventilation system to reduce the risk of infection inside such rooms. In the second paper, CO2-based demand controlled ventilation has the potential to achieve energy saving while maintaining acceptable indoor air quality. However, sensor placement is important. The third paper studies CFD of door opening, with the main aim of studying the change in airflow patterns with respect to the wall location. The fourth paper presents actual modeling to design a real ventilation system for a 42,000ft2 dairy farm in cold Canadian weather. 1. CFD Application to Improve Infection Control in Office Rooms (OR-20-C026) Essam Khalil, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE1, Ahmed ElDegwy, Ph.D., P.E.1 and Mohammed Sobhi, Ph.D.2, (1)Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, (2)Madina Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Cairo, Egypt 2. Experimentally Validated CFD Analysis on the Optimal Sensor Location for the CO2-based Demand Controlled Ventilation (OR-20-C027) Gen Pei, Student Member1 and Donghyun Rim, Ph.D.2, (1)Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, State College, PA, (2)Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 3. The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Transient Airflow Patterns: A Numerical Investigation of Door Operation (OR- 20-C028) Ehsan Mousavi, Ph.D., Associate Member and Arup Bhattacharya, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 4. Design Optimization for Dairy Barns Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (OR-20-C029) Thomas M. Thibault, Affiliate1, Bernardo J. Majano, P.Eng.1, Natasha M. Lee, P.Eng.1, Murray P. Amirault, P.Eng.2 and Donnie Anderson3, (1)R.V. Anderson Associates Limited, Toronto, ON, Canada, (2)R.V. Anderson Associates Limited, Moncton, NB, Canada, (3)Quality Milk Management, Sussex, NB, Canada


Occupancy Sensing and Occupant Wellbeing Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange C Chair: Jon Cohen, Member, ChemTreat, Inc., Richmond, VA Occupancy sensing using WiFi and social media, as well as occupant-based control and satisfaction of occupants, are the focus of this session. In the first paper, eight months of continuous Wi-Fi time series data is processed through a one-to-one occupancy- count estimation function to develop predicted occupancy profiles for each day. In the second paper, social media could provide new near-real-time data sources that might contain occupancy information in space and in time. The third paper aims at quantifying the nationwide energy saving potential of implementing occupant-based controls for the HVAC system in typical medium-sized office buildings using a whole building simulation program. The final study was a post occupancy evaluation study, collecting technical attributes of building system and conducting environmental measurements as well as collecting occupants' subjective responses via survey questionnaire. 1. Wi-Fi Based Occupancy Forecasting Using Clustering and Motif Identification: A Case Study (OR-20-C030) Brodie W. Hobson, Student Member1, H. Burak Gunay, Ph.D., Associate Member1, Araz Ashouri, Ph.D., Associate Member2

and Guy Newsham, Ph.D.2, (1)Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, (2)National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada 2. Occupancy Sensing in Buildings through Social Media from Semantic Analysis (OR-20-C031) Xing Lu, Student Member1, Fan Feng, Student Member2 and Zheng O'Neill, Ph.D., P.E., Member2, (1)Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, (2)University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 3. Nationwide Energy Saving Potential Evaluation for Office Buildings with Occupant-Based Building Controls (OR-20- C032) Zhihong Pang, Student Member1, Zheng O’Neill, Ph.D., P.E., Member2, Yan Chen3, Jian Zhang, Ph.D., Member4, Bing Dong, Ph.D., Associate Member5 and Hwakong Cheng, P.E., Member6, (1)The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, (2)University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, (3)The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, (4)Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, (5)University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, (6)Taylor Engineering LLC, Alameda, CA 4. Visual Environmental Parameters Associated with Visual Satisfaction in Multiple Office Buildings (OR-20-C033) Young Joo Son1, Azizan Aziz1, Linhao Li2 and Vivian Loftness1, (1)Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, (2)Delos Living LLC, New York, NY

8:00 AM - 9:30 AM Seminar 24 (Advanced)

Advances in Ground Heat Exchanger Modeling Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange F Sponsor: Pub. & Ed. Council Chair: Jeffrey Spitler, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK This session presents recent developments in modeling of ground heat exchangers used with ground-source heat pump systems. These models are used for design and energy analysis. The seminar presentations are based on papers recently published in ASHRAE's research journal, Science and Technology for the Built Environment. 1. Thermal Resistances of Double U-Tube Ground Heat Exchangers Saqib Javed, Ph.D., Member, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2. Long-Term Temperature Predictions in Fields of Series-Connected Boreholes Using the Analytical Finite Line Source Solution Massimo Cimmino, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada 3. Universal Short Time g*-Functions: Generation and Application Michel Bernier, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada


ASHRAE Guidelines: The Path to Optimization of HVAC&R Systems and Equipment Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 7.3 Operation and Maintenance Management, 7.9 Building Commissioning Chair: Mina Agarabi, P.E., Member, Agarabi Engineering PLLC, New York, NY

This seminar provides an overview of the latest revision of Guideline 32 and newly developed Guideline 1.3. For young engineers and those new to the guidelines, these presentations highlight how the guidelines can aid in optimization of HVAC&R systems and training on specific-building system and assembly operations and maintenance. Lastly, findings are presented on ASHRAE RP-1650 on the current focus of training material and industry practice in the U.S. 1. Building Operations and Maintenance Training for the HVAC&R Commissioning Process Walter Grondzik, P.E., Fellow Life Member, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 2. Guideline 32: Management for High Performance Operations and Maintenance Orvil Dillenbeck, P.Eng., Member, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, Canada 3. Review of Training Requirements for the O&M of High-Performance Buildings Jaya Mukhopadhyay, Ph.D., Member, Gilbert Kalonde and Loras O'Toole, P.E., Member, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT


ASHRAE/REHVA Guidebook Towards Zero Energy Hospital Buildings Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 9.6 Healthcare Facilities Chair: David Eldridge Jr., P.E., Member, Grumman/Butkus Associates, Evanston, IL Learn about the new ASHRAE/REHVA guidebook for Zero Energy Healthcare Buildings. The guide presents a justification for pursuit of zero (and nearly zero) energy healthcare buildings, defines overall strategies and presents specific methods that may contribute to achieving a zero or nearly-zero energy facility. 1. Guidebook Overview Wim Maassen, HaskoningDHV Nederland B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands 2. Guidebook Approach to Zero Energy Healthcare Buildings Francis Mills, CEng, Member, Frank Mills Consulting, Leyland, United Kingdom 3. Case Studies Supporting the Zero Energy Healthcare Building Effort Heather Burpee, Member, University of Washington Integrated Design Lab, Seattle, WA 4. An Owner's Perspective on Designing for Operations Travis English, P.E., Member, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA 5. Guidebook Strategy 1 (WITHDRAWN) Maya Salabasheva, P.E., Member, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA


Black, Grey and Almost Clean: Energy Recovery with GSHPs Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 6.8 Geothermal Heat Pump and Energy Recovery Applications Chair: Roshan Revankar, Melink Solar and Geo, Milford, OH Conventional geothermal systems can post certain challenges with respect to installation costs, space constraints and availability of labor. Water-based systems only need a sink and source and that could come from unconventional sources. This session highlights projects and the potential to cost effectively reclaim energy from waste water. Speakers exchange first-hand experiences to reclaim energy from black and grey water, abandoned mines, reclaimed municipal water and retention pond with treated wastewater. 1. Case Studies of Water Source Heat Pump Systems Using Unconventional Sources Xiaobing Liu, Ph.D., Member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 2. Does Black + Grey = Green Energy? Stephen Hamstra, P.E., HBDP, Member, Melink Solar and Geo, Milford, OH 3. Recycled Water as Source Water for Geothermal Heat Pumps Lisa Meline, P.E., Member, Meline Engineering Corporation, Sacramento, CA


Emerging Refrigerants: New Additions to the Industry Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 3.1 Refrigerants and Secondary Coolants Chair: Ivan Rydkin, Member, Daikin-America, Orangeburg, NY Market and regulatory demands have increased the number of refrigerants listed by ASHRAE Standard 34 by more than 65 since 2013. This session takes a look at where all of these new refrigerants fit and provides a deep dive into some novel alternatives for spanning commercial refrigeration, HVAC, heat pumps and chillers. 1. ASHRAE Standard 34 Additions and Evaluation of R-468A LGWP A2L for Commercial Refrigeration Ivan Rydkin, Member, Daikin-America, Orangeburg, NY 2. Very Low GWP Refrigerant R-516A for Commercial Refrigeration Kristopher Crosby1 and Sarah Kim, Ph.D., Member2, (1)Arkema, Inc., Calvert City, KY, (2)ASHRAE Staff, Atlanta, GA 3. Novel Nonflammable Refrigerant with GWP Less than 10 Barbara Minor, Member, The Chemours Company, Wilmington, DE 4. Reduced GWP Refrigerant for Residential and Commercial Air Conditioning Systems Ankit Sethi, Associate Member, Honeywell International, Buffalo, NY 5. Designing for the Troublesome Pure Refrigerants in Standard 34 Christopher Seeton, Ph.D., Member, Shrieve, The Woodlands, TX

9:45 AM - 10:45 AM Panel 2 (Basic)

Why I do Standards; and Why You Should, Too Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: Standards Committee Chair: Walter Grondzik, P.E., Fellow Life Member, ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA A diverse spectrum of ASHRAE members who are actively involved in the standards development process share their enthusiasm and explain what drives them to participate. They will answer questions from the audience regarding how to become engaged with ASHRAE's broad array of standards efforts. 1. Moderator Walter Grondzik, P.E., Fellow Life Member1, Gerald J Kettler, P.E., Life Member2, Richard Hall, P.E., Life Member3, Meghan McNulty, P.E., Associate Member4 and Sara Persily5, (1)Ball State University, Muncie, IN, (2)AIR Engineering and Testing, Dallas, TX, (3)Hall Consultants LLC, Worthington, OH, (4)Servidyne, LLC, Atlanta, GA, (5)BCER Engineering, Arvada, CO


Assessing Window Designs, Building Energy Benchmarking and Loads Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange A Chair: Parag Rastogi, Member, arbnco Ltd., Glasgow, United Kingdom The standards, guidelines and codes in this track include comfort due to window design, energy benchmarking, and codes for loads. The first paper presents simulations relevant to high window-to-wall ratios with the primary purpose of providing an attractive architectural aesthetic as well as views and daylight for residents. Despite these objectives, several published surveys have identified windows as the leading source of thermal discomfort. The second paper asks and answers the question, With several benchmarking options available, how do policy makers choose the right platform? The final paper proposes how modeling can support a sensitivity analysis to identify specific high-priority, high-impact code modification/update options (e.g. equipment, physical features of buildings) that could be used to develop a matrix of credits that could be traded in the code. 1. A Novel Simulation Framework for Comfort-Based Assessments of Window Designs (OR-20-C034) Shengbo Zhang1, Jamie Fine, Ph.D., Associate Member1, Marianne Touchie, Ph.D., Member1 and Liam O'Brien, Ph.D.2, (1)University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (2)Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada 2. Raising the Bar: Comparing Building Energy Benchmarking Methods (OR-20-C035) Jamie Kono, P.E., Affiliate, Meghan McNulty, P.E., Associate Member and Barry Abramson, P.E., CPMP and BEAP, Member, Servidyne, Atlanta, GA 3. Codes for Loads: A Path Forward (OR-20-C036) Jim Edelson, Associate Member, Alexi Miller, P.E., Associate Member and Kevin Carbonnier, Ph.D., New Buildings Institute, Portland, OR


Assessing the Materials Chemistry of Next Generation Refrigeration Technologies Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 3.2 Refrigerant System Chemistry, 3.3 Refrigerant Contaminant Control Chair: Brad Boggess, Member, Emerson Climate Technologies, Sidney, OH HVAC&R equipment manufacturers are evaluating system designs to accommodate the next generation of lower GWP refrigerants and comply with higher efficiency requirements. Revised heat exchanger designs, including tube fin and microchannel, are being implemented. Each has unique characteristics from the manufacturing process to allow for residual process chemicals. Process chemical variations are being investigated to be compatible and miscible with lower GWP refrigerants and revised equipment designs. Collaboration among industry experts will examine what is required to maintain effective system reliability while satisfying environmental and efficiency regulations. 1. Microchannel Heat Exchangers: Which Manufacturing Issues Can Lead to Contamination of the HVAC System? Bill Morton, Member, Circle-Prosco, Inc., Bloomington, IN 2. Metalworking Fluid Compatibility and Miscibility with Low GWP Refrigerants Compared to Legacy Refrigerants Casey Scruggs, Associate Member, Metalloid Corporation, Jacksonville, TX


Fire Safety Challenges for Green Building Features Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 5.6 Control of Fire and Smoke, 5.9 Enclosed Vehicular Facilities Chair: Peter McDonnell, P.E., Member, McLure Engineering, St. Louis, MO Recent fire accidents and studies demonstrated that many of the green building features, which are employed as high- performance energy and environmental solutions, pose unintended fire hazards, which could also be hardly mitigated by the capability of conventional fire protection systems. This session reviews fire safety challenges in designing green building design features, which include external facades (e.g. enhanced insulation products, double glazing), vegetative facade and roofs and building sustainable energy systems (PV solar panels, wind turbine power system, battery storage system, hydrogen fuel cell power systems and electric vehicle garage and charging stations). 1. Fire Safety Challenges for Green Building Features Yoon Ko, Ph.D., Member, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada 2. Smoke Control for Sustainable Buildings Dahai Qi, Ph.D., Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada 3. Urban Hotspots and Building Fire Risks in Current and Future Climates Liangzhu Wang1, Chang Shu, Student Member1, Lili Ji1, Mohammad Mortezazadeh, Student Member2 and Ali Katal1, (1)Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, (2)Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada


Mitigating Uncertainty with Adaptable and Agile HVAC&R Design and Operation Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange C Sponsor: CIBSE ASHRAE Liaison Committee Chair: Tim Dwyer, CEng, Fellow ASHRAE, UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering (IEDE), London, United Kingdom There is an increasing need to adapt and innovate to overcome the challenges of a changing climate whilst also meeting the higher ambitions of a growing and increasingly urban population. This seminar identifies the key challenges and, through leading edge examples, illustrates how innovation and adaptability can overcome uncertainty. One example considers the standardization of flammable refrigerants to meet increasing refrigeration demands while ensuring low global warming impact. Another example describes machine learning techniques that predict building utilization to enhance design decisions and reduce the 'performance gap' between expectation and the reality of building occupation. 1. Uncertainty, Adaptability, Agility Lynne Jack, CEng, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia 2. Industry Efforts to Ensure the Safe Application of Low GWP Flammable Refrigerants

Thomas Watson, P.E., Presidential Fellow ASHRAE, Daikin Applied, Staunton, VA 3. Reducing Uncertainty in the Prediction of Building Performance Using AI Driven, Asset-Operational Hybrid Systems José Ortiz, Building Research Establishment, Garston, United Kingdom


Surviving Natural Disasters Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 2.7 Seismic and Wind Resistant Design Chair: James Tauby, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Mason Industries, New York, NY This seminar will go over ways to help mechanical systems in buildings survive disasters such as shaking from earthquakes, severe wind, and TC 2.7's newest addition, equipment that is protectable in flood zone areas of the world. There are ways that this can be done. some will include the use of the ASHRAE Manual, "Practical Guide to Seismic Restraint", which includes chapters on the restraint of equipment for wind loads. 1. Flooding James Carlson, Fellow ASHRAE, Seismic Source International, Omaha, NE 2. Wind Panos Papavizas, Member, Baltimore Aircoil Company, Jessup, MD 3. Design to Survive the Next Earthquake Robert Simmons, P.E., Member, Petra Seismic Design, Houston, TX

9:45 AM - 10:45 AM Forum 1

Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence and HVAC? Track: Cutting Edge Approaches Room: Orange B Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application Chair: Frank Shadpour, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, SC Engineers, Inc., San Diego, CA What do cybersecurity and AI have to do with HVAC? Ten years ago, the answer was “Nothing!”; today, it’s a different story. 5G will be here before you know it and experts say it will change HVAC and BAS systems forever. With AI and 5G, do we really need expensive HVAC DDC controllers for every building system? What about cybersecurity? Relying on AI and 5G makes us more vulnerable to the cyber-attacks of tomorrow. Will the HVAC and BAS design of the future remain as is? This forum explores the possibilities.

9:45 AM - 10:45 AM Workshop 1 (Intermediate)

IEEE/ASHRAE Guideline 21: Guide for the Ventilation and Thermal Management of Batteries for Stationary Applications Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 9.2 Industrial Air Conditioning Chair: Eileen Jensen, P.E., Member, Bonneville Power Administration, Vancouver, WA This guide was generated with a joint collaboration between ASHRAE and IEEE. This guide covers vented lead-acid, valve- regulated lead-acid and nickel-cadmium stationary battery installations. Ventilation of these systems is critical to improving battery life while reducing the hazards associated with hydrogen production. It provides the HVAC designer with the information to provide a cost-effective ventilation solution. The workshop provides an overview of the guideline and gives examples of how to apply it in practice. 1. IEEE/ASHRAE Guideline 21, Guide for the Ventilation and Thermal Management of Batteries for Stationary Applications Deep Ghosh, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Southern Company, Birmingham, AL


Heating: Hot Water and Air Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange A Chair: Ming Qu, Ph.D., Associate Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN The session considers heat pump and auxiliary heating, integrated gas-fired heat pump water heaters and space heating boiler systems. The first paper describes a comprehensive study on ASHP capacity as function of outdoor and indoor air conditions, and efficiency at the component and heating system levels, including impacts from short-cycling and further considerations for indoor comfort. The second paper describes an integrated gas-fired heat pump water heater for residential applications, designed for a direct retrofit and to reduce energy consumption and emissions by 50% or greater over conventional baseline. In the final paper, measurements of heating supply water flow rate are integrated with analysis to assess the operational efficiency of the boiler systems in the four buildings and quantify the change in efficiency associated with changing building heating demand. 1. Right-Sizing Heat Pump and Auxiliary Heating for Residential Heating Systems Based on Measured Performance Associated with Climate Zone (OR-20-C037) Alejandro Baez Guada, Member1, Paul Glanville, P.E., Associate Member2 and Tim Kingston, Member2, (1)Gas Technology Institute, Chicago, IL, (2)Gas Technology Institute, Des Plaines, IL 2. Integrated Gas-Fired Heat Pump Water Heaters for Homes: Results from Field Demonstrations and System Modeling (OR-20-C038) Paul Glanville, P.E., Associate Member1, Alex Fridlyand, Ph.D., Associate Member1, Michael Mensinger Jr.1, Merry Sweeney1

and Chris Keinath, Ph.D., Member2, (1)Gas Technology Institute, Des Plaines, IL, (2)Stone Mountain Technologies, Inc., Johnson City, TN 3. Space Heating Boiler System Performance in Post-War High-Rise Multi-Family Buildings (OR-20-C039) Marianne Touchie, Ph.D., Member and Helen Stopps, Student Member, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada


Optimal HVAC Chillers and Compressors Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange B Chair: David Yashar, Member, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD This session revolves around optimal control of chiller plants, optimal condenser water supply temperatures, and compact compressors. The first paper presents a year's worth of operational data for one of four 2,500-ton chillers of a district cooling plant situated in Abu Dhabi. The second paper optimizes the condenser water supply temperature setpoint to reduce total energy usage of the chiller loop by minimizing combined power consumption of the cooling tower fans, chillers and condenser water pumps. The third paper presents the swash plate compressor for mobile air conditioning due to its compact structure, continuous operation, small size, light weight and better thermal comfort inside the vehicle. 1. Effect of Water Consumption on Optimal Control of Chiller Plants with Variable Speed Cooling Tower Fan (OR-20- 010) Peter Armstrong, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE and Omer Qureshi, Ph.D., Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City, United Arab Emirates 2. Optimizing Condenser Water Supply Temperature to Minimize Energy Usage (OR-20-C040) Melody Baglione, Ph.D., Andrew Chin, Andrew Mosin, Oliver Zhang, Cristian Lacey, Robert Faddoul and John Rundell, P.E., The Cooper Union, New York City, NY 3. Analytical Model for a 10 Cylinder Swash Plate Electric Compressor (OR-20-C041) Mohammad Arqam, Dzung Dao and Peter Woodfield, Griffith University, GOLD COAST, QLD, Australia


Advances in Mechanical System Vibration Isolation Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 2.6 Sound and Vibration Chair: Erik Miller-Klein, P.E., Member, A3 Acoustics, LLP, Seattle, WA While HVAC systems have made significant advancements in the past 25 years, mechanical system vibration isolation has only recently started to catch up with new materials, measurement/analysis and prediction techniques. This session helps educate

attendees on these advancements and how they can be used on your next project. 1. Application of Recycled Rebonded Crumb Rubber for Housekeeping Pads and Floating Floors Matthew Golden, Affiliate, Pliteq Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada 2. Using Elastomeric Foams for Mechanical System and Building Vibration Isolation Jessica Scarlett, Getzner USA, Charlotte, NC 3. Impedance Approach to Vibration Isolation Modeling: Beyond Static Deflection Greg Meeuwsen, Member, Trane, La Crosse, WI


Control of District Energy and Cogeneration Systems Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application Chair: Chad Moore, P.E., Member, Engineering Resource Group, Jackson, MS Combining cogeneration plants, renewable energy and thermal energy storage can be complex to operate and control to minimize energy consumption, energy cost and carbon emissions. This seminar provides a detailed overview of how two universities designed, implemented and operate on campus district energy and cogeneration plants. The speakers provide insight into how each university utilized their plants to meet their campus master plan goals of low-cost energy production, reduced carbon emissions, energy independence and electrification. 1. Control Strategies for a Campus Cogeneration Plant with On-Site Renewable Energy Production and Thermal Energy Storage Charlotte Dean, P.E., P2S Inc., Long Beach, CA 2. Evaluation and Adaptation: Control and Operation of a Campus Cogeneration Plant Christopher Benson, P.E., Member, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT


HEPA Filters and Healthcare Cleanroom Design for Compounding and Operating Room Spaces Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 9.11 Clean Spaces Chair: Vincent Sakraida, P.E., Associate Member, BR+A Consulting Engineers, St. Louis, MO This seminar covers HEPA filter particle capture mechanism and HEPA filter type for different applications; cleanroom HVAC design for USP 797 and USP 800 compounding spaces; and cleanroom HVAC design for operating rooms. 1. HEPA Filter Capture Mechanism and HEPA Type Application Sama Fakhimi, Ph.D., American Air Filters, Jeffersonville, IN 2. Hospital USP 797 and UPS 800 Compounding HVAC Design Michael Prentice, BR+A Consulting Engineers, St. Louis, MO 3. Cleanroom Design for Operating Rooms Vincent Sakraida, P.E., Associate Member, BR+A Consulting Engineers, St. Louis, MO


Residential Refrigerators with A3 Flammable Refrigerants Coming Soon to Your Home Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 8.9 Residential Refrigerators and Food Freezers Chair: Michael Pate, Ph.D., Life Member, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Residential (or home) refrigerators in the U.S. that presently operate with R-134a are targeted to be phased out because of the high GWP of the refrigerant. The leading replacement refrigerant in the immediate future is R-600a or isobutane, which is to be addressed in this seminar. Three of the most important issues related to this replacement strategy are: 1) changes in system performance, 2) flammability considerations and 3) serviceability of flammable refrigerant units. Flammability Considerations of Residential Refrigerators Charged with Isobutane Peter Sunderland, Ph.D., University of Maryland, College Park, MD Servicing Home Refrigerators Operating with Flammable Refrigerants

George Yaeger, P.E., Member, Transform Sears Home Services, Hoffman Estates, IL Effects on Home Refrigerator Performance As Isobutane Replaces R-134a Michael Pate, Ph.D., Life Member, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX


Show Me the Money! Cost-Based Control of Supply Air Temperature Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application, 7.5 Smart Building Systems Chair: Taraneh Shoorideh, P.E., Member, P2S Inc, Long Beach, CA The complexity of supply air temperature reset strategies varies greatly, from a simple reset based on outside air temperature to highly complex strategies based on model predictive control. ASHRAE Guideline 36 outlines the current industry best practice approach. But what if we could significantly improve performance over Guideline 36 without overwhelming complexity? The speakers discuss results from simulation analysis and field evaluation of a novel cost-based control strategy for supply air temperature reset. Field Evaluation of Cost-Responsive Supply Air Temperature Reset in a Large Office Building Paul Raftery, Ph.D., Member, University of California, Berkeley, CA Simulation Analysis of Cost-Based Supply Air Temperature Reset in Multiple Buildings Hwakong Cheng, P.E., Member, Taylor Engineering LLC, Alameda, CA


The Surprising Effects of Outdoor Coil Fouling on Heat Transfer and Frost Formation Rate Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 8.4 Air-to-Refrigerant Heat Transfer Equipment, 8.11 Unitary and Room Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps Chair: Hugh Henderson Jr., P.E., Member, Frontier Energy, Cazenovia, NY Fouling on the air-cooled outdoor coil of unitary equipment is believed to reduce capacity and efficiency of the system. ASHRAE RP-1705 quantified the impacts and established a method to realistically simulate fouling in the laboratory. This seminar presents highlights of the project, and follow-on work studying the effect of fouling on frost formation of heat pump evaporators. One surprising finding was that in many cases, fouling improves the performance of the coil, even though it reduces the airflow rate. An online article about these findings has reached over 70,000 readers and republished in dozens of newspapers worldwide. 1. Air Cooled Condenser Fouling: Real World Effects David Yuill, Ph.D., P.E., Member, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Omaha, NE 2. A Method for Simulating Real Air Side Fouling Based on Field Sample Analysis David Yuill, Ph.D., P.E., Member, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Omaha, NE 3. How Does Fouling Affect Frost Formation and Heat Exchanger Performance on Residential Heat Pumps? Yifeng Hu, Student Member, University of Nebraska lincoln, Lincoln, NE

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM AHR Expo Session 1 (Advanced)

State-of-the-Art Refrigeration Technologies with Lower Environmental Impact, Part 1 Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Room: W311D Sponsor: 10.7 Commercial Food and Beverage Refrigeration Equipment, MTG.LowGWP Lower Global Warming Potential Alternative Refrigerants , REF, 3.1, 8.1, 10.5,10.6 Chair: Georgi Kazachki, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Dayton Phoenix Group, Inc., Dayton, OH The last several years witnessed unprecedented development and proliferation of refrigeration technologies featuring the use of a broad range of environmentally friendly refrigerants and aiming at and reaching constantly-improving energy efficiency while at the same time accounting for the cost and return on investments. This seminar provides the stage for presenting the broad variety of refrigeration technologies demonstrating the application of refrigerants with low-GWP, natural refrigerants, refrigerants with low flammability limits, flammable refrigerants and also refrigeration technologies with enhanced efficiency. Because of the large number of contributions to the topic, the seminar is proposed in two parts. 1. Use of Natural Refrigerants Has Benefits

Eric M. Smith, P.Eng., Member, IIAR, Alexandria, VA 2. Sustainable Supermarket Refrigeration with HFOs: Reducing Emissions without Sacrificing Energy Efficiency Gustavo Pottker, Ph.D., Member, Honeywell, Buffalo, NY 3. Performance Properties of Ultralow GWP Refrigerants, High Efficiency A2L’s below GWP 300 for Commercial Refrigeration Ivan Rydkin, Member, Daikin-America, Orangeburg, NY 4. Use of R-290 in Display Cases Timothy Anderson, Member, Hussmann, Bridgeton, MO

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM AHR Expo Session 2 (Basic)

Topics for Multifamily Building Performance Track: Residential mini-track Room: W311E Chair: Gayathri Vijayakumar, Steven Winter Associates, Inc., Norwalk, CT The purpose of this session is two-fold. First, come and learn more about the newly released ASHRAE Design Guide for Multifamily Residential Buildings. Second, stay on to hear from two other presenters on the use of integrated and central heat pump water heaters in multifamily buildings. Ashrae Design Guide for Multifamily Residential Buildings Sean Denniston, New Buildings Institute, Portland, OR Integrated Hpwh's in Multifamily Buildings Robb Aldrich, P.E., Member, Steven Winter Associates, Norwalk, CT Central Hpwh's in Multifamily Buildings Shawn Oram, P.E., Member, Ecotope, Inc., Seattle, WA

Monday, February 3, 1:00 PM - 2:30 PM AHR Expo Session 3 (Basic)

Service Practices and Design Consideration for Contaminant and Leak Control Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Room: W311D Sponsor: 3.3 Refrigerant Contaminant Control, 3.8 Refrigerant Containment Chair: Angel Mendez, The Lubrizol Corporation, Midland, MI Properly designing, installing and servicing HVAC&R equipment and systems can significantly affect a buildings net environmental impact. Understanding the behavior of leaks is critical to equipment design, installing equipment in buildings, and measuring leak rates in installed equipment. During equipment or system service, failure to observe contaminant control practices can have negative effects on the system, including improper storage and handling of lubricants. The behavior of R-410A in manufactured leaks is described with liquid and superheated vapor leaks. Furthermore, good contaminant control and system practices are explained. 1. System Reliability Is Not Fiction, It Is Simply Achievable Glen Steinkoenig, Sporlan Division of Parker Hannifin, Washignton, MO 2. Observations on the Behavior of R-410A Leaks Daniel J. Miles, Ph.D., Associate Member, Vacuum Technology Incorporated, Oak Ridge, TN 3. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 147-2015 Overview Danny Halel, Member, NTHALP Engineering, Belleville, IL 4. Review of Lubricants in Refrigeration Applications and Best Practices for Avoiding System Contamination Mandi Lippard1, Amber Saylor2 and Jessica Jude2, (1)CPI Fluid Engineering, Midland, MI, (2)The Lubrizol Corporation, Midland, MI

1:00 PM - 2:30 PM AHR Expo Session 4 (Intermediate)

Unlocking the Potential of Mini-Split Heat Pumps: Maximizing Energy Savings through Selection, Installation and Controls Track: Residential mini-track Room: W311E Sponsor: Residential Building Committee Chair: Jon Winkler, National Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO Approximately 8.3 million central air conditioners and air-source heat pumps were shipped in 2018 up 6.9% from 2017, according to AHRI. Of this number, approximately 2.9 million units were air-source heat pumps. While the number of units shipped does not equal the number installed, it is possible to infer that the number of installations is increasing. Incorrectly installed systems will fail to achieve the expected energy savings. This session discusses what research has found on installed systems, challenges that we are faced with and areas to focus on to mitigate errors when sizing, selecting, installing and commissioning heat pumps.

1. Maximizing the Use of Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps in Homes with Existing HVAC Systems Karen Fenaughty, Florida Solar Energy Center, Cocoa, FL 2. Getting the Most from Inverter Air-Source Heat Pumps Robb Aldrich, P.E., Member, Steven Winter Associates, Norwalk, CT 3. Implications of the Northeastern Ductless Revolution Dana Fischer, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

2:15 PM - 4:15 PM Workshop 2 (Basic)

Best Practices of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: College of Fellows, YEA Committee Chair: Vanessa Freidberg, P.E., Member, Siemens, Austin, TX Mentoring can be a powerful resource for personal and professional growth, not only for mentees, but for mentors as well. Are you working through a challenging new project, moving into a new role, or seeking answers you feel stuck on? It is the goal of this workshop to organically connect ASHRAE members to develop their skills, knowledge, confidence, and competence to enhance and accelerate attendees' growth. ASHRAE members at any stage of their career will benefit from this interactive workshop. This is the second annual mentorship workshop and will be an experience you won't want to miss. 1. Best Practices of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship Ralph Kison, Member, Growth Through Learning Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada

3:00 PM - 4:30 PM AHR Expo Session 5 (Intermediate)

Beyond Energy and Comfort and toward Healthy Homes Track: Residential mini-track Room: W311E Sponsor: Residential Building Committee Chair: Paul Francisco, Member, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL Although most of our housing systems focus most immediately on energy efficiency and comfort, home performance is about more than these two aspects of housing. It includes indoor air quality, water quality and other facets. Our decisions regarding the design of homes and systems have substantial ability to influence the ability of residents to live in a healthy home that is also efficient and comfortable. This session includes presentations about resources and approaches to help people live in efficient, comfortable and HEALTHY homes. 1. Residential Indoor Air Quality Guide: Best Practices for Home Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance Lawrence Schoen, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Schoen Engineering Inc, Columbia, MD 2. Healthy Homes and the HVAC&R and Related Industries Paul Francisco, Member, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 3. How Low Can We Go? How Close Can We Get? Gary Klein, Life Member, Gary Klein and Associates, Inc., Rancho Cordova, CA

3:00 PM - 4:30 PM AHR Expo Session 6 (Advanced)

State-of-the-Art Refrigeration Technologies with Lower Environmental Impact, Part 2 Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Room: W311D Sponsor: 10.7 Commercial Food and Beverage Refrigeration Equipment, 3.1 Refrigerants and Secondary Coolants , Refrigeration Committee, 8.1, 10.5, 10.6 Chair: Georgi Kazachki, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Dayton Phoenix Group, Inc., Dayton, OH The last several years witnessed unprecedented development and proliferation of refrigeration technologies featuring the use of a broad range of environmentally friendly refrigerants and aiming at and reaching constantly improving energy efficiency while at the same time accounting for the cost and return on investments. This seminar provides the stage for presenting the broad variety of refrigeration technologies demonstrating the application of refrigerants with low-GWP, natural refrigerants, refrigerants with low flammability limits, flammable refrigerants, and also refrigeration technologies with enhanced efficiency. Because of the large number of contributions to the topic, the seminar is proposed in two parts. 1. How to Design and Apply a CO2 Transcritical System in North America? Shitong Zha, Ph.D., Member, Heatcraft, Stone Mountain, GA 2. Applying A2L Refrigerants in Commercial Refrigeration Systems Stephen Spletzer, Member, The Chemours Company, Wilmington, DE 3. Design and Performance Validation of CO2 Chiller with Parallel Compression and Adiabatic Cooling in Ice Rink Application

Adam Ciesielski, Zero Zone, Ramsey, MN 4. Two-Phase Ejectors to Improve Efficiency of Applications Using Low-GWP Refrigerants Stefan Elbel, Ph.D., Member, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL

Tuesday, February 4


Air Handling and Ventilation Systems Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Hyojin Kim, Ph.D., Member, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ This session addresses important aspects of ventilation, such as decentralized alternating ventilation units, arranging air handling units, particle deposition during vacuuming and tunnel ventilation in rapid transit systems. In the first paper, several decentralized ventilation devices are tested in laboratory environment at different simulated outside air temperatures and pressured differences to measure the actual temperature efficiency at various combinations. The second paper asks questions such as, Should we use a supply fan upstream or downstream of the cooling coil? Where should I locate filter banks and a humidifier dispersion grid with respect to the other components? The third paper simulates floor disturbances of the vacuuming and footsteps, while considering particle deposition. The final paper focuses on design of tunnel ventilation systems for the normal operation and the control of smoke during emergency. 1. Analysis of Wind Speed Influence on Heat Recovery Efficiency of Local Decentralized Alternating Ventilation Units (OR-20-C042) Jurgis Zemitis, Dr.Ing. and Anatolijs Borodinecs, Dr.Ing., Member, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia 2. Arrange Your Air-Handling Unit Components Wisely (OR-20-C043) Stephen W. Duda, P.E., HBDP, BEAP and HFDP, Fellow ASHRAE, Ross & Baruzzini, Saint Louis, MO 3. Experimental Study on Particle Depositions for Different Ventilation System during Vacuuming (OR-20-C044) Walid M. Chakroun, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE1, Sorour Alotaibi, Ph.D., Associate Member2, Kamel Aboughali3 and Nesreen Ghaddar, Ph.D., Member4, (1)Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait, (2)Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait, (3)Mechanical Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, (4)American University of Beirut, Beruit, Lebanon 4. Specifics of Modern Tunnel Ventilation System in Delhi Mass Rapid Transit System (OR-20-011) Rajesh Kumar Jain, Member and Ashok Garg, Delhi Metro Rail Corp. Limited, New Delhi, India


Better Building Models for Energy and Economics Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange B Chair: Jon Cohen, Member, ChemTreat, Inc., Richmond, VA Economic and energy building models are the focus of this session. The first paper presents a case study on the optimization of combined district cooling plant working with renewable energy sources in parallel with a part working with the traditional energy sources. The second paper proposes a methodology for enhancing the Life Cycle Cost Analysis of office buildings by accounting for tangible improvements in office workers performance and therefore in the employer's bottom line due to sustainable building features. In the third paper, a sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the impact of different factors such as square footage, set point temperatures, HVAC's efficiency, fuel type (e.g., gas and electricity), building envelope thermal properties, window to wall ratio and occupancy levels on thermal comfort and energy use in residential buildings. Unlike traditional evaluation method -- such as those based on initial design data, measured structure data from sampling, and in-situ measurements using a heat flow meter -- the model-based envelope performance evaluation method proposed in the fourth paper is based on a simplified home thermal model. The final paper addresses how significantly lower building energy use by using chilled water temperatures that are no colder than necessary and by using heating hot water temperatures that are no hotter than necessary. 1. A Case Study for District Cooling Plant with Different Green Resources Scenarios to Reach an Optimized Energy Model (OR-20-C045) Mohamed Heider Sr., Member1, Hesham Mohamed Safwat Osman, Ph.D., Member2 and Ahmed Elbaz, Ph.D.2, (1)British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt, (2)British University in Egypt (B.U.E), Cairo, Egypt 2. Enhanced Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Sustainable Office Buildings (OR-20-12) Michael Zhivov, AECOM, San Diego, CA 4. Home Envelope Performance Evaluation Using a Data Driven Method (OR-20-013)

Junke Wang, Student Member, Choon Yik Tang, Ph.D. and Li Song, Ph.D., P.E., Member, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 5. Minimize Building Energy Use by Never Running Boilers and Cooling Towers Simultaneously (OR-20-C047) Richard Franseen, P.E., Member, Semi-retired Consultant, Charlotte, NC


Machine Learning and Advanced Algorithms for Building Management and Control Track: Big Data and Smart Controls Room: Orange C Chair: Parag Rastogi, Member, arbnco Ltd., Glasgow, United Kingdom Artificial neural networks, machine learning, cyber security framework and optimization are all discussed in this session. The first paper attempts to propose a non-intrusive cooling load disaggregation method for smart buildings based on artificial neural network. In the second study, a big-data based data-driven approach is followed by applying machine learning techniques to energy prediction for buildings at the national level. The third paper focuses on the information of one of the cyber-security platforms for two-position controlled, developed in the project. The objective of the fourth paper is to create the optimal schedule for HVAC operation to reduce the cost while satisfying the homeowner and equipment's constraints using a model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based optimization. In the final paper, three different machine learning models - long short-term memory network, support vector regression, and feedforward neural network - are trained. 2. Applying Machine Learning Based Data-Driven Approach in Commercial Building Energy Prediction (OR-20-C049) Xi Cheng, P.E., HBDP, Associate Member, AECOM, New York, NY 3. A Cyber-Security Framework for Wireless-Based Controlled Smart Buildings I: Two-Position Control (OR-20-C050) Feng Wu, Student Member and Ming Qu, Ph.D., Associate Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 4. RL-HEMS: Reinforcement Learning-Based Home Energy Management System for HVAC Energy Optimization (OR- 20-C051) Olivera Kotevska, Ph.D.1, Kuldeep Kurte, Ph.D.1, Jeffrey Munk, Member1, Travis Johnston, Ph.D.1, Evan McKee2, Kalyan Perumalla, Ph.D.1 and Helia Zandi, Member1, (1)Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, (2)University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 5. Ensemble Method for Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Lstm, Svr, and Fnn and Taking into Account Seasonal Dependency (OR-20-C052) Vishnu Prakash, Student Member, Hannah Fontenot, Student Member, Asad Khan, Bing Dong, Ph.D., Associate Member and Miltos Alamaniotis, Ph.D., University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX


Cold Climate Building Design Guide 2020 Update Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: TRG9 Cold Climate Building Design Chair: Erich Binder, Member, Erich Binder Consulting Limited, Calgary, AB, Canada The ASHRAE Cold Climate Building Design Guide has been updated for 2020. These presentations provide updates in the existing chapters and introduction to the new chapters. 1. Updates to Orginal Chapters: Cold Climate Building Design Guide David Lima, Member, Aqua Air, Calgary, AB, Canada 2. Sustainability in Cold Climates Frank Mills, P.E., Member, Low-Carbon Design, Preston, United Kingdom 3. Residential: Cold Climate Design Robert Bean, Member, Indoor Climate Consultants Inc., calgary, AB, Canada 4. Cold Climate: Operations and Maintenance William Dean, P.Eng., Life Member, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada


De-Mystifying Direct-Expansion Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems Performance Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 8.10 Mechanical Dehumidification Equipment and Heat Pipes Chair: Onieluan Tamunobere, Ph.D., Associate Member, Heat Pipe Technology, Tampa, FL Until recently, direct-expansion dedicated outdoor air systems (DX-DOAS) have lacked an industry consensus efficiency metric, leaving system designers questioning how to comply with local energy codes. The industry introduced Integrated Seasonal Moisture Removal Efficiency (ISMRE) to fill this void. Since its debut in Standard 90.1-2016, there have been new developments and refinements to the ISMRE metric in AHRI 920 and to the testing procedures in ASHRAE 198. This seminar reviews recent changes to the test and performance rating procedures; how equipment performance is affected by its configuration; and how to properly apply these metrics in system design. 1. DX-DOAS Applications and Equipment Variations Craig Burg, Member, Desert Aire Corp, Germantown, WI 2. Updates in DX-DOAS Standards Eric Erdman, Associate Member, Greenheck Fan Corporation, Schofield, WI 3. Specifying DX-DOAS Performance and Code Compliance Kevin Muldoon, KCC International, Louisville, KY

8:00 AM - 9:30 AM

Seminar 41 (Intermediate) Energy vs. Resilient Design Considering the Climate in the Design of HVAC&R Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 2.5 Global Climate Change, 2.7 Seismic and Wind Resistant Design , TC2.10 Resilience & Security Chair: Scott Sherwood, Eco Care Corporation, New York, NY The increase in climatic events has forced design professionals to decide between achieving net zero and providing sustainability and resiliency to the building's operation and envelope. Design professionals need guidelines and strategies to prepare facilities for a major climatic event, to operate through the event, and then to sustain operations afterwards ensuring the safety of its occupants. With climate change and energy efficiency major initiatives for ASHRAE and with the occurrence of cybersecurity threats (stolen data, systems shutdown), how can resiliency be designed into IT infrastructure to safeguard HVAC&R equipment in any climatic event? 1. Cybersecurity during a Disaster George Wright, Georgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 2. Design Considerations for Flooding and Wildfires Amy Macdonald, Thornton Tomasetti, New York, NY 4. Climate Change Fundamentals Scott Sherwood, Eco Care Corporation, New York, NY


The Rise of Building EQ: Educational Facility Case Studies in Central Florida Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 7.6 Building Energy Performance, 7.3 Operation and Maintenance Management , Building Energy Quotient Committee; Student Activities Committee; Young Engineers in ASHRAE Committee Chair: John Constantinide, P.E., Member, Alpha MRC Architects Engineers, Merritt Island, FL The ASHRAE Building Energy Quotient (Building EQ) program empowers facility owners to better understand their building's energy performance relative to comparable facilities in the same climate zone. Aligned with the Society Presidential theme, "Building for People and Performance. Achieving Operational Excellence," this session presents how Building EQ has been utilized in university and K-12 school settings for benchmarking and conducting Level 1 Energy Audits. It also reviews how ASHRAE Student Members have assisted working professionals with assessments and submissions to the Building EQ Portal, resulting in enhanced models for experiential and classroom education for building sciences curricula. 1. First Steps: Building EQ Pilot Program for Brevard Public Schools Bruce Lindsay, P.E., Member, Brevard Public Schools, Viera, FL 2. Giant Leaps: Building EQ’s Application at the University of Central Florida

Nathaniel Boyd, P.E., BEAP, Member, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 3. Lessons Learned: Training Engineering Students with Building EQ Hamidreza Najafi, Ph.D., Member, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL


Ventilation Effectiveness Metrics, Part 1: Humans Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 4.10 Indoor Environmental Modeling, MTG.ACR Chair: Malcolm Cook, Member, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom Ventilation effectiveness provides a valuable means of assessing the performance of any ventilation system, natural or mechanical, and could provide a valuable addition to the traditional specification of air change rates. However, our understanding of ventilation effectiveness varies and there exists a wide range of definitions. This seminar aims to dispel this confusion and provide guidance on how to assess ventilation effectiveness and to quantify this for a range of ventilation strategies. The Part 1 seminar addresses ventilation effectiveness for humans and Part 2 addresses ventilation effectiveness for equipment. 1. A CFD Study Modelling Ventilation Effectiveness for Mechanical and Natural Ventilation Benjamin Simpson, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom 2. Ventilation Performance of a Hybrid Underfloor/Chilled Sail System in an Open Office Mike Koupriyanov, P.E., Associate Member, Price Industries Limited, Winnipeg, MB, Canada 3. Ventilation Effectiveness as a Design Tool for Healthcare Ventilation Duncan Phillips, Ph.D., P.E., Associate Member, RWDI, Guelph, ON, Canada 4. Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Evaluation of Ventilation Effectiveness Kishor Khankari, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, AnSight LLC, Ann Arbor, MI


Advancements in Transcritical CO2: Refrigeration and Compression Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 8.1 Positive Displacement Compressors Chair: Joe Sanchez, Member, Bitzer US, Inc., Flowery Branch, GA Since the reintroduction of CO2 as a refrigerant in the mid-1990s, there have been significant efforts in the development of transcritical CO2 cycles to make their performance more competitive to that of HFC cycles. As a consequence, systems using CO2 continue to gain in popularity, particularly in commercial and industrial refrigeration markets. This seminar discusses how exploring new system variations and compressor technology are paving the way for further expansion of the CO2 transcritical market. 1. Novel Testing Method for Comparison of Common Modifications to Transcritical CO2 Cycles Riley Barta, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 2. Advancements in Transcritical CO2 Compressors Alessandro Silva, Bitzer US, Inc., Flowery Branch, GA 3. Compressor Design Considerations for Transcritical Transport Refrigeration Applications Emir Alemic, Member, Carrier, Syracuse, NY


BACnet Secure Connect: What You Need to Know! Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application, 7.5 Smart Building Systems , SSPC 135 Chair: Carol Lomonaco, Member, Johnson Controls, Milwaukee, WI BACnet Secure Connect (a.k.a. BACnet/SC) is a new protocol addition to the current BACnet standard ANSI/ASHRAE 135 that eliminates many of the security concerns building automation manufacturers, facility managers and IT professionals have with BACnet IP today. A virtual "Hub and Spoke" topology is used to form a BACnet/SC network. BACnet/SC is based on HTTPS over TLS v1.3 secure communications similar to online banking connections. With the use of TLS, security keys come into

effect in the form of X509 certificates. This seminar explains what is BACnet/SC, its many benefits and BACnet/SC can be deployed within existing buildings, etc. 1. Introduction to BACnet/SC Michael Osborne, P.Eng., Member, Reliable Controls Corporation, Victoria, BC, Canada 2. BACnet/SC Bernhard Isler, Member, Siemens Switzerland Ltd Building Technologies Division, Zug, Switzerland


Cutting Edge Approaches to Integrating Modern HVAC&R Systems with Modern CHP Systems and IoT Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange A Sponsor: 1.10 Cogeneration Systems Chair: Blake Ellis, P.E., Member, Burns & McDonnell, Overland Park, KS Over the past decade, HVAC&R technologies have evolved to provide highly efficient environmentally friendly systems leveraging modern control technologies to significantly improve building site energy use efficiency. Meanwhile, combined heat and power (CHP) plants have leveraged modern controls and equipment to increase on-site energy delivery efficiency and reduce emissions. This seminar explores emerging approaches to integration of modern HVAC&R systems with modern CHP technologies and IoT to provide the cutting edge in energy efficiency and power load management. 1. The Cutting Edge: Optimizing Integrated HVAC&R and CHP Operations Using Iot Gearoid Foley, Member, Integrated CHP Systems Corp., Princeton, NJ 2. The Cutting Edge: Using Iot to Reduce Risk: Introducing the U.S. Department of Energy's Packaged CHP System Catalog Richard Sweetser, Life Member, Exergy Partners Corp., Herndon, VA 3. The Cutting Edge: New Micro-CHP Systems Are Changing Commercial Enterprises Michael Alfano, Yanmar America Corp., Adairsville, GA


Effective Control of Active Chilled Beam Systems Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 5.3 Room Air Distribution Chair: Kenneth Loudermilk, P.E., Member, Titus, Plano, TX Active beam systems have become popular in North America as an energy efficient HVAC solution, utilizing tempered (56 to 59ᵒF) chilled water delivered at or above the room dew point to accomplish most of the zone sensible cooling using dry cooling coils. This allows ducted airflow rates to be significantly reduced resulting in smaller air handling and distribution components. Application of these systems require control of both the air and water distribution systems at the zone level. The control and maintenance of acceptable space dew point levels is also required to avoid condensation on the cooling coils. 1. Overview of Active Beam Systems Kenneth Loudermilk, P.E., Member, Titus, Plano, TX 2. Airside Control of Active Beam Systems Hugh Crowther, Member, Swegon North America, Inc., Markham, ON, Canada 3. Water Side and Condensation Control of Active Beam Systems Nick Searle, Member, Titus, Plano, TX


Fuel in a Renewable Future Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 6.10 Fuels and Combustion Chair: Alex Fridlyand, Ph.D., Associate Member, Gas Technology Institute, Des Plaines, IL

Currently, on-site combustion of fossil fuel plays a major role in meeting the heat load of residential and commercial buildings. The distribution and end use aspects are well established, reliable and efficient. With increasing interest in a more renewable future, can on-site fuel use continue to play a role? In this seminar, the outlook for the future growth of renewable gas, liquid and solid fuels is presented, as well as their potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the built environment. 1. Renewable Natural Gas for GHG Emission Reduction in the Built Environment Alex Fridlyand, Ph.D., Associate Member, Gas Technology Institute, Des Plaines, IL 2. Liquid Renewable Fuels Thomas Butcher, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 3. Growth of the Use of Biomass Solid Fuels: Technologies and Emissions Rebecca Trojanowski, Student Member1 and Patricia Fritz, Member2, (1)Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, (2)New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY

9:45 AM - 10:45 AM Seminar 49

Linking Standard 100 with Latest Standard 90.1: Energy Efficiency in Existing and New Buildings Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange B Sponsor: SSPC 90.1 Chair: Chonghui Liu, P.E., Member, Popli Design Group, Syracuse, NY ASHRAE Standard 90.1, periodically adopted by International Energy Conservation Code, is the enforced energy standard/code covering most of the energy related systems in commercial buildings. ASHRAE Standard 100 provides informative energy efficiency measures (EEMs) in these energy related systems respectively in existing buildings. This seminar compares the informative EEMs from Standard 100-2015 with their energy code requirements from Standard 90.1-2016 and upcoming new Standard 90.1-2019 (i.e. as if these EEMs were to be implemented in additions to existing buildings or alterations of existing buildings to comply with Standard 90.1). 1. Energy Efficiency Measures from Standard 100 to Latest Standard 90.1 Chonghui Liu, P.E., Member, Popli Design Group, Syracuse, NY 2. Latest Standard 90.1 and Energy Efficiency Practices Jeff Boldt, P.E., HBDP, Fellow ASHRAE, IMEG Corp, Madison, WI


"Why Did I Take Thermodynamics?" Practical Applications to HVAC&R Equipment Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 8.1 Positive Displacement Compressors Chair: Alex Schmig, Member, Trane, La Crosse, WI This seminar focusES on the principals and usage of the thermodynamic laws and concepts as they pertain to modeling refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems and their components, including compressors and heat exchangers. Topics explore how these models are specifically applied in the HVAC&R industry to better select equipment, accelerate new product development and improve the efficiency of systems and components. These models are particularly relevant for optimizing the energy efficiency of systems and components being modified to operate with new, low-GWP refrigerants. 1. Compressor Design Acceleration Using Comprehensive Modeling Techniques Craig Bradshaw, Ph.D., Member, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 2. Advanced Modeling of Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers Omer Sarfraz, Student Member, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 3. Mechanistic Modeling of Vapor Compression Cycles Davide Ziviani, Ph.D., Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN


Why Isn't My Fan Working? The Complex World of Fan/System Interactions Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 5.1 Fans, 5.9 Enclosed Vehicular Facilities Chair: Rad Ganesh, Ph.D., Twin City Fan & Blower, Minneapolis, MN Fans sometimes get blamed for the underperformance of a system, but what if it is actually the other way around? This session discusses how fans and fan systems interact and impact the performance of one another. System effect is defined and discussed with real world examples. Recommendations for how to minimize or account for system effect are provided. The impact of changes in system resistance is discussed. The concepts of stability, stall and surge are reviewed, along with selection guidelines to help minimize risk. 1. Fan and System Curve Basics and Intro to System Effects Brent Fullerton, Member, Loren Cook Company, Springfield, MO 2. A Note to My Younger Self: What a New Engineer Should Know about System Effects Jay Eldridge, Member, Daikin Applied, Minneapolis, MN 3. Stability and System Interactions with Axial Fans Michael Feuser, P.E., Member, Twin City Clarage, Inc., Pulaski, TN

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Paper Session 18 (Intermediate)

Energy Savings Under Real-World Operation Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange C Chair: Ratnesh Tiwari, Ph.D., Member, University of Maryland, College Park, MD The first paper in this session discusses a component-based model that is developed for a chilled water plant with oil-free chillers at the Texas A&M University System RELLIS Campus. The model, calibrated by on-site measured data from the building automatic system, is used to evaluate the savings potential for different operation strategies. The second paper deals with the determination of potential building energy saving only from re-heat operation using the measured monthly energy consumption data. It focuses on systems analysis operation of hot and humid climates conditions, where during summers the outside air temperature monthly average could be as high as around 80.0°F (26.7°C). 1. Optimize a Chilled Water Plant with Magnetic-Bearing Variable Speed Chillers (OR-20-014) Lei Wang, Ph.D., P.E., Member1, Yasuko Sakurai1 and David Claridge, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE2, (1)Utilities & Energy Services, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, (2)Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 2. Potential Building Reheat Energy Saving Determination in Hot and Humid Climates (OR-20-015) Xiaoli Li and Juan Carlos Baltazar, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX


Creating Better IEQ through Ventilation Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Lorenzo Cremaschi, Ph.D., Member, Auburn University, Auburn, AL This session centers around improving IEQ through ventilation, including contaminant dilution, displacement ventilation, restroom ventilation, occupant IEQ perception and indoor air pollutants. The first paper investigates transient three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis to evaluate the role of space volume on the dispersion of contaminants in a space. The second study presents the combined effects of the indoor air stability and the displacement ventilation method on CO2 distribution in the interactive respiratory microenvironment of two people standing face to face. The third paper addresses restroom exhaust to control odors, including a number of intermittent and continuous ventilation schemes are compared from an energy perspective. The fourth paper presents results from the Healthy Efficient New Gas Homes project, an occupant survey was conducted to obtain data about mechanical ventilation characteristics and occupant satisfaction in California homes constructed since 2002. The final paper presents four-week field measurements during winter 2019 in an occupied office and its HVAC system to investigate how occupancy and ventilation mode shape the composition and chemistry of indoor air. 1. Mass Balance Analysis of Air Change Rate and Space Volume on Contaminant Dilution (OR-20-C055) Kishor Khankari, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, AnSight LLC, Ann Arbor, MI 3. Restroom Ventilation Schemes: Energy Implications (OR-20-C057)

Travis English, P.E., Member, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA 4. Investigation of Quantitative Relationships between Occupant Satisfaction and Ventilation-Related Household Characteristics in California Homes (OR-20-C058) Yang-Seon Kim, Ph.D., Member1, Brett Singer, Ph.D., Member2, Wanyu Chan, Ph.D.3 and Iain Walker, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE3, (1)Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, (2)LBNL, Berkeley, CA, (3)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 5. Investigating How Occupancy and Ventilation Mode Influence the Dynamics of Indoor Air Pollutants in an Office Environment (OR-20-C059) Jinglin Jiang, Student Member1, Tianren Wu, Student Member1, Danielle Wagner, Student Member1, Philip Stevens, Ph.D.2, Heinz Huber, Ph.D.3, Antonios Tasoglou, Ph.D.3 and Brandon Boor, Ph.D., Associate Member1, (1)Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, (2)Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, (3)RJ Lee Group, Monroeville, PA


Heat Pumps and Hybrid Systems Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange B Chair: Ming Qu, Ph.D., Associate Member, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN This session centers around novel heat pumps and hybrid systems, including micro combined heat and power systems, natural gas hybrid systems, district energy networks, chemisorption heat pipes and combined ground source heat pumps/chillers. The first paper simulates a Korean multi-family building, including building energy analysis by comparing the conventional grid and boiler system to the micro-combined heat and power system. The second paper summarizes the performance of a hybrid system (gas furnace + electric air source heat pump) operating with smart controls in an actual field context. The third paper presents a proposed system in London to incorporate a range of different renewables and secondary energy sources that will supply a large proportion of the energy demand of the overall district network capacity. The fourth paper presents chemisorption heat pump operation in cycles of two alternating modes: adsorption and desorption. The final paper simulates a hospital in Norway and shows that when using extract air coil for heating well holes, it is possible to reduce both the number of wells and the spacing between the wells with up to 30%, thus decreasing the installation cost for a ground storage facility significantly. 1. Energy, Environmental, Economic Evaluation of Residential Building with Micro-CHP in South Korea (OR-20-C060) Yujun Jung and Hoseong Lee, Korea university, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) 2. Opportunities for Hybrid Systems: Natural Gas Furnace + Air Source Heat Pump + Smart Switching Controls (OR-20- C061) Jeremy Sager, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada 3. Initial Assessment of a 5th Generation District Energy Network in Central London (OR-20-C062) Akos Revesz, Ph.D., Affiliate1, Catarina Marques, Ph.D.1, Gareth Davies, Ph.D.1, Rodrigo Matabuena2, Phil Jones, Ph.D.3, Chris Dunham4 and Graeme Maidment, Ph.D., P.E.1, (1)London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom, (2)Islington Council, London, United Kingdom, (3)Building Energy Solutions, London, United Kingdom, (4)Carbon Descent, London, United Kingdom 4. Dynamic Modelling and Performance Evaluation of a Chemisorption Heat Pump for Cold Climate (OR-20-C063) Zhiyao Yang, Student Member1, Ming Qu, Ph.D., Associate Member1 and Kyle Gluesenkamp, Ph.D., Associate Member2, (1)Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, (2)ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 5. Optimization of Design Solutions for Surplus Heating and Cooling System in Combination with Ground Source Heat Pump/Chillers (OR-20-C064) Trond Thorgeir Harsem, P.Eng., Member1, Merethe Cecilie Lind, CEng, Affiliate1, Karoline Husevåg Kvalsvik, P.Eng.1, Annette Fagerhaug Stephansen, Dr.Ing., P.Eng.2 and Jan Kocbach, Dr.Ing.3, (1)Norconsult AS, Sandvika, Norway, (2)Norconsult AS, Bergen, Norway, (3)Christian Michelsen Research, Bergen, Norway


How Big Are the Climate Variations Within a City and How Much Do They Impact Building Energy Use? Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 4.2 Climatic Information Chair: Yu Joe Huang, Member, White Box Technologies, Inc., Moraga, CA The vast majority of buildings are located in urban areas with substantial microclimate variations due to human activity, such as urban vegetation, paved streets and sidewalks, and the dense clustering of buildings that has led to the well-known urban heat island effect, and yet most of the climatic data being used in the design of HVAC systems are from airports typically on the

outskirts of the urban area. This session investigates ways to model and measure urban climate variations, and to determine how such variations affect building energy use and livability now and into the future. 1. Generating High-Resolution Urban Microclimate Data for Building Energy Simulation at a City Scale Evyatar Erell, Ph.D., Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel 2. Impacts of Urban Morphology on Microclimate and Building Energy Use Melissa Allen-Dumas, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 3. Comparison of Meso-Scale Modeling Simulations to Measurements of Urban Climate Variations Joe Huang, BEMP, Member, White Box Technologies, Inc., Moraga, CA 4. The Impact of Trees on Passive Survivability during Extreme Heat Events in Warm and Humid Regions Ulrike Passe, AIA, Associate Member, Iowa State University, Ames, IA

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM

Seminar 53 (Intermediate) Impact of Revised Standards an HRV/ERV Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 5.5 Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Chair: Marc Tardif, P.Eng., Member, Innergytech Inc., Drumminville, QC, Canada In 2019, standards 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings; 84, Method of Testing Air-to- Air Heat/Energy Exchangers; and 62.1, Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality were revised. Updates to Standard 90.1 air-to-air energy recovery requirements impact how and when you utilize an HRV/ERV. Standard 84 now provides testing methods for fixed-bed regenerators, and a new metric required by Standard 90.1. As for standard 62.1, which focuses on Ventilation and IAQ, some of its revisions also impact and encourage HRV/ERV. 1. What Changed in Standard 90.1 When It Comes to ERV? Adam Fecteau, P.Eng., Member, Aldes, Saint-Léonard-d’Aston, QC, Canada 2. Latest Developments in ASHRAE Standard 84, Method of Testing Air-to-Air Heat/Energy Exchangers Mathew Friedlander, Member, RenewAire LLC, Waunakee, WI 3. Latest Developments in Standard 62.1, Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality Mo Afshin, P.Eng., Member, CORE Energy Recovery Solutions, Vancouver, BC, Canada

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Seminar 54 (Advanced)

Lubricants and Lubrication: What Is Important for Lower GWP Refrigerants? Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 3.4 Lubrication, 8.1 Positive Displacement Compressors , 3.2 System Chemistry;3.3 Refrigerant Contaminant Control; MTG Low GWP Chair: Joseph Karnaz, Member, Shrieve Chemical Products, Inc, The Woodlands, TX Industry migration to lower GWP refrigerants requires an evaluation of lubricants and compressor lubrication. This seminar examines what is needed in lubricant design when implementing change from different refrigerant chemistry. Industry experts in lubricant strategy and compressor lubrication explore what is required to maintain effective system reliability and efficiency through examination of system chemistry, material compatibility and lubricant-refrigerant interaction which helps determine proper bearing lubrication. Techniques in lubricant evaluation, examples of lubricant options for next generation lower GWP refrigerants and optimized compressor lubrication are identified. 1. The Chemistry of Refrigeration Lubricants for Low GWP Refrigerants Edward Hessell, Ph.D., Member, Lanxess Solutions US, Inc., Naugatuck, CT 2. Lubricant Strategies for Lower GWP Refrigerants Joseph Karnaz, Member, Shrieve Chemical Products, Inc, The Woodlands, TX 3. Revisiting the Chemical Stability of Refrigerants and Lubricants Julie Majurin, Member, CPI Fluid Engineering, Midland, MI 4. Effects of the Low GWP Refrigerants on Screw Compressor Lubrication Systems Kevin Hughes, Ingersoll Rand Trane Commercial HVAC, La Crosse, WI


The Future of Data Center Infrastructure Management Tools Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 9.9 Mission Critical Facilities, Data Centers, Technology Spaces and Electronic Equipment Chair: Nick Gangemi, Life Member, Primary Integration, Rochester, NY In the era of big data, there is no better example of an industry inundated connected devices than the data center. Owners and manufacturers alike are trying to gain insights from this information to more intelligently manage, control and optimize their operations. ASHRAE TC9.9 recently released Datacom Book 14 Advancing DCIM with IT Equipment Integration. This session highlights aspects of this publication and illustrate how a well implemented and maintained DCIM system will help safely maximize the efficient use of power, cooling and space resources now and in the future through a comprehensive connective framework. 1. The State of Modern Data Center Infrastructure Management Tools Christian Pastrana, P.E., Associate Member, Digital Realty | Consultant, New York, NY 2. ASHRAE DCIM Compliance for IT Equipment Dustin Demetriou, Ph.D., Member, IBM, Poughkeepsie, NY 3. Getting DCIM to Talk through Metrics: Bursting the Data Bubble Mark Seymour, Member, Future Facilities, London, United Kingdom


The Magical Powers of Integration: An Introduction to the New and Improved Handbook Chapter on Integrated Project Delivery Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 7.1 Integrated Building Design, 7.2 HVAC&R Construction & Design Build Technologies , TC 7.9 Chair: Rachel Romero, P.E., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO Join us on a tour of the magical world of integrated project delivery. Learn how to use ASHRAE's recently published outline for working as an integrated cross-functional team; the key to the magic of integration. The magic is real. Integrated project delivery reorganizes design and construction tasks in a whole building optimization. Practitioners will learn about their roles as integrated team members; what is expected from them and what can be expected of teammates. Design students will see a structured working method that promotes effective conversations with builders. Team leaders will learn how the chapter guides organizing across professional disciplines. 1. Why IPD, What’s the Alternative? Rachel Romero, P.E., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 2. What Do You Know When You ‘Don’t Know Anything’ about Integrated Project Delivery? Stephen Pope, CSV Architects, Ottawa, ON, Canada 3. Stirring up the Enchanting Principles and Practices of Integrated Project Management Lianne Cockerton, P.Eng., Martin Roy et Associés, Montreal, QC, Canada 4. The Charms of Your Team in an Integrated Project David Allen, Allen Consulting, Chelmsford, MA

1:30 PM - 3:00 PM Debate 2 (Advanced)

College of Fellows Debate: Designers Have No Obligation to Make Maintenance and Operations an Important Consideration in Design Track: Systems and Equipment Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 1.7 Business, Management & General Legal Education, 7.3 Operation and Maintenance Management , College of Fellows Chair: Larry Spielvogel, P.E., Fellow Life Member, Consulting Engineer, Bala Cynwyd, PA, E. Mitchell Swann, P.E., Member, MDCSystems, Paoli, PA, Mina Agarabi, P.E., Member, Agarabi Engineering PLLC, New York, NY, Don Beaty, P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, DLB Associates, Eatontown, NJ and Wade Conlan, P.E., BCXP, CPMP, Member, Hanson Professional Services, Maitland, FL Designers get yelled at for designing systems that are too complicated for the "average" operations and maintenance crew. They are admonished to design it so it can be maintained. But in today's world of high-performance building expectations, should

designers continue to design so that we can do what we've always done or should the designs 'skate to where the puck will be'? Should the reality of operational capacity rule the roost, or do we need to raise the class average? Come hear both sides of the fence in this College of Fellows debate.

3:15 PM - 4:45 PM

Seminar 57 (Intermediate) The History of the Use of Air Changes per Hour in HVAC Codes, Standards and Guidelines Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: MTG.ACR, TC 9.6, TC 9.11, SSPC 62.1 Chair: Roger Lautz, P.E., Member, Affiliated Engineers, Inc., Madison, WI Many codes, standards and guidelines specify ventilation requirements in terms of air changes per hour, but where did they originate and when? How have prescribed ventilation requirements changed through history as research and industry preferences have changed? This thought-provoking journey from Florence Nightingale through clean manufacturing, from sick buildings through healthy spaces, and from air movement to ventilation effectiveness will challenge your preconceived notions and explore future opportunities to improve our indoor environments. 1. The History of Health Care Ventilation Travis English, P.E., Member, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA 2. The History of Cleanroom Air Change Rates Phil Naughton, Life Member, Applied Materials Inc, Austin, TX 3. Ventilation Metrics in Standard 62 over the Years Andrew Persily, Ph.D., Fellow Life Member, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 4. The History of Ventilation Terminology Clifford Cooper, Member, Cooper Associates, Kingston, NY

Wednesday, February 5


Airflow Measurement in Ducts and Fans Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange A Chair: Ratnesh Tiwari, Ph.D., Member, University of Maryland, College Park, MD This session focuses on airflow and energy consumption in ducts and fans and includes ASHRAE sponsored research. The first paper presents data for pressure losses in light-commercial duct systems comprised of wire-wound flexible duct and rigid sheet metal duct. The second paper uses data from four manufacturers to develop simplified performance models of fan coil units that could be used in building simulation programs to estimate the annual energy performance of fan coil units. In the third paper, airflow and power of twelve fan coil units from three manufacturers were measured over an external static pressure range from 0 to 125 Pa (0 to 0.5 in. w.g.). In the final paper, measurements of pressure losses attributed to internal reinforcements installed in a 22 in. (559 mm), 10-ft-long phenolic duct system connected with four-bolt flanges and cleats are presented. 1. Pressure Loss Measurements in Typical Flexible and Sheet Metal Light-Commercial Duct Systems (OR-20-016) Stephen Idem, Ph.D., Member, Chaitanya Kodali and Avinash Paruchuri, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN 2. A Simple Airflow and Power Model of Fan Coil Units with Permanent Split Capacitor Motors (OR-20-017) Dennis O'Neal, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE1 and Peng Yin, Ph.D., Associate Member2, (1)Baylor University, Waco, TX, (2)University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 3. Laboratory Performance Measurement of Blowers with Electronically Commutated Motors in Horizontal Low-Profile Fan Coil Units (RP-1741) (OR-20-018) Peng Yin, Ph.D., Associate Member1, Beau Derouen1, Albert McBride1 and Dennis O'Neal, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE2, (1)University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, (2)Baylor University, Waco, TX 4. Loss Coefficients for Internal Reinforcements Installed in a Phenolic Duct System (RP-1764) (OR-20-019) Stephen Idem, Ph.D., Member and Avinash Paruchuri, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN


Energy Master Planning Concept and Case Studies Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange B Chair: Alexander Zhivov, Ph.D., US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Champaign, IL Energy master planning is the topic of this session, including several case studies. The first paper describes in detail a process for integrating resilience goals within the Energy Master Planning Process. Reducing CO2 emissions by improving energy efficiency and integrating renewables while offering a high quality of living and working in neighborhoods and campuses is the declared aim of the three German case studies described in the second paper. The third paper analyzes and contrasts the framing goals and limitations that must be considered when energy master planning is conducted for communities in six different countries. 1. Energy Master Planning: Applying Framing Goals and Constraints to Scope Your Solution Options (OR-20-020) Terry Sharp, P.E., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 2. Integration of Resilience Goals into Energy Master Planning Framework for Communities (OR-20-021) Robert Jeffers and Amanda Wachtel, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 3. Energy Master Planning for Resilient Public Communities: Best Practices from U.S. Military Installations (OR-20-022) Angela Urban and Alexander Zhivov, Ph.D., US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Champaign, IL 3. Net Zero Energy Strategies and Planning Support Tools for Campuses and Residential Neighborhoods in Germany (OR-20-023) Karin Schakib-Ekbatan Sr., Ph.D.1, Ruediger Lohse, P.Eng.2 and Ursula Eicker, Ph.D.3, (1)The Institute for Resource Efficiency and Energy Strategies, Karlsruhe, Germany, (2)Leiter Contracting, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württembe, Germany, (3)Concordia University, Montreal, Canada


Best Practices for Ceiling Fan Comfort Cooling Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 2.1 Physiology and Human Environment, 5.1 Fans , SPC-216P, SSPC-55 Chair: Gwelen Paliaga, P.E., Member, TRC Advanced Energy Services, Oakland, CA Ceiling fan use for comfort cooling is growing in popularity as part of low energy HVAC solutions in commercial and industrial applications. While ceiling fans are a well-known technology, there has been very little design guidance or performance data to support engineered solutions, especially in commercial buildings. This seminar covers recent advances in ceiling fan research and design guidance, as well as industry practice, including results from field studies, case studies and design guides. 1. Publicly Available Ceiling Fan Design Guide and Tool Paul Raftery, Ph.D., Member, University of California, Berkeley, CA 2. Staging Ceiling Fans and Air Conditioning for Energy Savings and Comfort Dana Miller, Student Member, Center for the Built Environment, Berkeley, CA 3. Human Interactions with Ceiling Fans and Smart Thermostats: Learnings from Case Studies in Office Buildings Sonja Salo, UC Berkeley Center for the Built Environment, Berkeley, CA 4. Selecting Ceiling Fans Based on ASHRAE Standard 216 Performance Metrics Christian Taber, BEMP and HBDP, Member, Big Ass Fans, Lexington, KY 5. Application and Design Consideration for Ceiling Fan and HVAC Integration Stet Sanborn, AIA, Member, Smith Group, San Francisco, CA


Considerations for Low Charge Ammonia Systems Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 10.1 Custom Engineered Refrigeration Systems Chair: Tom Wolgamot, P.E., Member, DC Engineering, Missoula, MT Low charge ammonia systems have been attracting quite a bit of attention as they can efficiently use a natural refrigerant cost effectively. This seminar features presentations that discuss considerations for their application, including comparisons against DX ammonia and other system types; design methodologies and lessons learned from a retrofit project.

1. Design Applications of Low Charge Package Systems John Gallaher, Member, ripKurrent, Boca Raton, FL 2. Use of Remote Distributed Units Bruce Griffith, Frick Industrial Refrigeration, Waynesboro, PA 3. Advancements in Ammonia Chiller and Separator Designs Grecia Ayala, P.Eng., Associate Member, Alfa Laval, Scarborough, ON, Canada 4. Low Charge Ammonia Retrofit Lessons Learned Doug Scott, Member, VaCom Technologies, La Verne, CA


Control for Grid Interactive Buildings: A Look Toward the Future Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 7.5 Smart Building Systems, 1.4 Control Theory and Application Chair: Michael Brambley, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA Trends in the electric power grid are driving changes in the relationship between the grid and buildings, which consume nearly 75% of U.S. electric power. Increasing amounts of renewable wind and solar photovoltaic generation because of their variability present new challenges in balancing supply and demand on the grid. As the largest user of electricity, buildings will likely be called upon in the future to help manage the grid through control of demand in exchange for incentives. This seminar describes control methods beyond current demand response that will enable both commercial and residential buildings to interact effectively with the grid. 1. Implementation of Dynamic Load Control to Maximize Renewable Penetration Teja Kuruganti, Ph.D., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 2. Transactive Control and Coordination for Commercial Building Systems Srinivas Katipamula, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 3. Demystifying Transactive Energy Systems from a Control Perspective: Glossary, Principle and Application Jianming (Jamie) Lian, Ph.D., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 4. Home Energy Automation for Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Dane Christensen, Ph.D., Member, NREL, Golden, CO


Outliers Detection Techniques and their Benefits in Data-Driven Modeling Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 4.7 Energy Calculations Chair: Bass Abushakra, Ph.D., Member, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY An outlier is an observation which deviates from other observations and arouses suspicion. Monitored data are inherently prone to errors caused by instruments malfunction, power surges, disturbance and noise especially with wireless sensors, among other causes. Monitored building energy use data contain anomalous values and gaps of missing readings. The session covers the outliers detection in data-driven modeling, discussing approaches and techniques, including statistical inference, data mining, and artificial intelligence methods, along with an explanation of types of outliers. Cases studies are presented and cover baseline modeling of building energy use, thermal comfort models and whole building energy data screening. 1. Overview of Outlier Detection Techniques with Applications to HVAC&R T. Agami Reddy, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 2. A Case Study on the Outliers Detection and Rejection in Data-Driven Baseline Modeling of Building Energy Performance Bass Abushakra, Ph.D., Member, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 3. Whole Building Energy Data Quality Assurance through an Energy Balance Loads Approach Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Ph.D., BEMP, Member, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 4. Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection in Subjective Thermal Comfort Votes Zhe Wang, Ph.D., Associate Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA


REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE: Refrigerant Emissions, Leakage and Good Practice Training Program for Low GWP Alternative Refrigerants Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Room: Orange F Chair: Didier Coulomb, Institute of Refrigeration, Paris, France Learn about the skills challenges of using low GWP refrigerants. Explore the safety, reliability, environmental and containment issues related to low flammables (HFO and R32) and carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon and ammonia. This seminar introduces free e- learning, booklets, and practical training materials that are available as part of an international certification scheme. Presenters discuss the knowledge, awareness and skills barriers to more widespread adoption of low GWP alternatives and how reliable, unbiased, consistent and up-to-date training materials linked to an extensive train the trainer program is helping to address this issue. 1. Opportunities and Barriers to the Adoption of Low GWP Refrigerants Graeme Maidment, Ph.D., P.E., London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom 2. Why Real Alternatives Raluca Sisiu, Institute of Refrigeration, Carshalton, United Kingdom 3. Skills Needs and Training Marco Buoni, AREA and ATF, Casale Monferrato, Italy 4. Elearning Demonstration Miriam Rodway, Institute of Refrigeration, Carshalton, United Kingdom 5. Introduction from the International Institute of Refrigeration Didier Coulomb, Institute of Refrigeration, Paris, France


Ventilation Effectiveness Metrics, Part 2: Equipment Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 4.10 Indoor Environmental Modeling, 9.9 Mission Critical Facilities, Data Centers, Technology Spaces and Electronic Equipment Chair: Malcolm Cook, Member, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom Ventilation effectiveness provides a valuable means of assessing the performance of any ventilation system, natural or mechanical, and could provide a valuable addition to the traditional specification of air change rates. However, our understanding of ventilation effectiveness varies and there exists a wide range of definitions. This seminar aims to dispel this confusion and provide guidance on how to assess ventilation effectiveness and to quantify this for a range of ventilation strategies. The Part 1 seminar addresses ventilation effectiveness for humans and Part 2 addresses ventilation effectiveness for equipment. 1. Ventilation Effectiveness Is Inappropriate for Data Centers, True or False? Mark Seymour, Member, Future Facilities, London, United Kingdom 2. The Capture Index Cooling-Performance Metric for Data Centers James W. VanGilder, P.E., Member, Schneider Electric, Andover, MA 3. Air Distribution and Cooling in a Battery Storage Facility Mike Koupriyanov, P.E., Associate Member, Price Industries Limited, Winnipeg, MB, Canada 4. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Model Capture Efficiency of Domestic Range Hoods Sammy Meleika, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX


Cooling Towers and Water Energy Designs Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange B Chair: Yunho Hwang, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, University of Maryland, College Park, MD Building water use and cooling towers are the focus of this session. The first paper lays out the ASHRAE Standard 188 compliance pathway for the design, construction, commissioning, management and operation of all piped systems. The second study aims to develop an integrated framework of building freshwater, wastewater and hot water systems for a better management of water and water-related energy in buildings. The final paper describes an experimental program that was

designed to quantify the rate of spray water evaporation in a warm, dry airstream with application to a proposed inflatable fabric duct cooling tower. 1. Legionella Intervention: Water Security and Resilience in Building Systems (OR-20-C065) Richard Benkowski, Member1, Kurt Steenhoek2, Gregory Ballay3, Chris Carter4 and Scott Hamilton5, (1)United Association Department of Education, Annapolis, MD, (2)United Association, Annapolis, MD, (3)Allegheny Valley Hospital, Natrona Heights, PA, (4)Murphy Company, St. Louis, MO, (5)ASSE, Mokena, IL 2. Exploring Water-Energy Nexus at the Building Level (OR-20-C066) Amirreza Heidari and Dolaana Khovalyg, Ph.D., Associate Member, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland 3. Measurements of Spray Water Evaporation Rates for an Inflatable Fabric Duct Cooling Tower (OR-20-24) Steve Idem, Ph.D., Member1, Steven Duong2, Robert Craven3 and Steve Garner3, (1)Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, (2)Nissan Inc., Smyrna, TN, (3)LTA Projects, Cookeville, TN


Heat Transfer and Heat Exchangers Track: HVAC&R Fundamentals and Applications

Room: Orange A Chair: Paul A. Torcellini, Ph.D., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO Heat transfer in a single bubble, fixed bed regenerators and aluminum microchannel heat exchangers is the topic of this session. In the first paper, numerical simulation of single bubble dynamics under the influence of low frequency vibration and gravity is performed in a two-dimensional numerical domain using the volume of fluid method. In the second paper, a test facility is developed to quantify the effectiveness of fixed bed regenerators through temperature measurement, which is then compared with a numerical model. For the final paper, an exhaustive and comprehensive literature search was done on various laboratory testing methods to assess performance of all-aluminum microchannel heat exchangers and tube and fin heat exchangers. 1. Temperature Measurement Correction for the Determination of the Effectiveness of Fixed-Bed Regenerators for HVAC Applications (OR-20-C067) Hadi Ramin, Student Member, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada Development of New Accelerated Corrosion Test(s) for All-Aluminum Microchannel and Tube and Fin Heat Exchangers, Part 1: Comprehensive Literature Review (Technical OR-20-025) Seifollah Nasrazadani, Ph.D., Member, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 2. Numerical Study on the Effect of Low Frequency Vibration and Gravity on the Bubble Detachment (OR-20-C068) Kai Han, Ph.D., P.E., Member, IngersollRand, Tyler, TX


Building Energy Modeling Software Accuracy Testing with ASHRAE Standard 140: Methodology, Overview and Recent Developments Track: Standards, Guidelines and Codes

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 4.7 Energy Calculations, SSPC140 Chair: Ralph Muehleisen, Ph.D., P.E., Member, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140, Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs, was initially published in 2001, and included an initial set of test cases for evaluating the ability of programs to model building thermal fabric loads. Since then Standard 140 has been on continuous maintenance with updated versions published, primarily to add test cases related to modeling HVAC equipment performance. This seminar reviews the methodology and industry use of Standard 140 and summarizes new software accuracy test cases for the 140-2017 edition that are related to modeling the airside portion of HVAC systems. 1. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140 Method of Test for the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs: Overview and Methodology Ron Judkoff, Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 2. New Standard 140 Airside HVAC Equipment Modeling Test Cases Joel Neymark, P.E., Member, J. Neymark & Associates, Golden, CO


Climate Adaptation: Project Risk Assessments and Solutions Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 2.10 Resilience and Security Chair: Jason DeGraw, Ph.D., Member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Buildings and building systems have a complex and evolving relationship with the climatic conditions that the building is subjected to. Increasingly, owners and occupants of buildings are asking how their existing and future buildings will fare under changing climatic conditions. Project teams may find that addressing these requests are a formidable challenge. How can we know that a building that is resilient now will be resilient in the future? This seminar provides an introduction into this challenging area, with presentations that share examples of project teams that assessed climate adaptation needs and the solutions they provided to their clients. 1. Designing with Projected Climatic Data Lisa Matthiessen, HGA, Los Angeles, CA 2. Resilient Engineering Design Is Flexible and Adaptive Sean Lawler, P.E., Member, AEI, Seattle, WA 3. The Reli Resilient Design Rating System Douglas Pierce AIA, Perkins+Will, Minneapolis, MN


Do Not Be Stumped By Pumps! Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 6.1 Hydronic and Steam Equipment and Systems Chair: Jessica Mangler, P.E., Member, Affiliated Engineers, Inc., Seattle, WA This seminar provides attendees with a basic knowledge on centrifugal pumps and hydronic systems. This session utilizes the ASHRAE Handbook, Systems and Equipment volume, to illustrate key concepts that can improve system efficiencies. A thorough understanding of pumps, pump curves and system control areas can optimize system performance. 1. Pump Issues? Let’s Clear the Water Stan Kutin, Member, Xylem Bell & Gossett, Morton Grove, IL 2. Is Your Pump Knowledge Leading or Lagging? David Lee, P.Eng., Member, Armstrong Fluid Technology, Toronto, ON, Canada


Innovative Technologies and Design for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Track: Systems and Equipment

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 8.5 Liquid-to-Refrigerant Heat Exchangers, 1.3 Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Chair: Kashif Nawaz, Ph.D., Associate Member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Energy efficiency of refrigerating and air-conditioning systems has gained substantial attention over the past decades. This seminar discusses some of the contributions of heat exchanger technology in the continuous improvement of HVAC&R equipment heat transfer efficiency. This session reviews the impacts of historical advancements and recent innovations in tube enhancements for shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Next, the results of a study comparing calculated tube performance using the conventional LMTD method and a recommended new approach-the axial resistance-varying method are presented. Finally, the mechanism and efficiency gain of ammonia boiling in a vertical tube bundle is discussed. 1. Advances in Heat Transfer Using Enhanced Chiller Tubes Andreas Knoepfler, Associate Member, Wieland-Werke AG, Ulm, Germany 2. An Axial Resistance-Varying Method for Improved Quantification of Enhanced Surface Condenser Tube Performance Cameron Nelson, Associate Member, Johnson Controls Inc, New Freedom, PA 3. Boiling of Ammonia in a Vertical Enhanced Tube Bundle Under Annular Flow Adnan Ayub, P.E., Member, Isotherm, Inc., Arlington, TX


Reducing Duct Leakage: An Overview of Materials, Methods and Expectations Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 5.2 Duct Design Chair: Bob Reid, Spiral Pipe of Texas, Spring, TX Duct system leakage is widely considered to be the most preventable of building energy wastes. Yet, there are few quantitative measures currently applied to reducing the problem. This session starts with an item that is currently specifiable: the duct sealant. It follows with an overview of training programs designed to educate HVAC installers in proper methods to apply sealants for best results. Finally, an overview is presented from the test and balance/commissioning perspective on the effectiveness of duct sealing strategies and the areas where continuing problems with leakage occur. 1. Duct Sealants Tim Eorgen, Member, Carlisle Hardcast, Wylie, TX 2. How to Seal Ducts Randy Young, Member, Northern California Joint Apprenticeship Training Program, Sacramento, CA 3. What to Expect from Sealed Duct Systems Chris Ruch, Member, National Energy Management Institute (NEMI), Fairfax, VA


Approaches to Increase Building Efficiency and Operation Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orange A Chair: Paul A. Torcellini, Ph.D., Member, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO This session focuses on efficient building operations for energy and economic savings. The first paper presents an employee satisfaction survey about the present office, with an air-conditioning system that employs thermal active building systems. The second paper focuses on testing a recently developed chiller power estimation method, which is based on understanding the processes nature and building each term in the equations system with intention to reflect some distinct phenomena and to identify the meaning of its value. The third paper studies the employment of both a fixed and variable speed compressor operating inside a heat pump within a residential space. In the fourth study, a multi-source heat pump system, designed for a passive house located in Michigan, is described. The final paper presents economics savings. Many large-scale natural gas consumers are required to select the Maximum Daily Quantity of natural gas they will be able to consume at a "firm" rate as a part of their natural gas contract; they are then charged a "capacity" fee that is proportional to the MDQ selection. 1. An Environmental Building Design Using Natural Energy and the Thermal Storage Capacity of a Building Mass (OR- 20-C069) Masatoshi Kuboki, Member, Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Tokyo, Japan Existing Building Commissioning at a Community College (OR-20-026) Luke Madden, Student Member1, Carlos Yagua, P.E.1, Fred Schroeder2, Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Ph.D., P.E., BEMP, Member3, David Claridge, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE3, Walter Williams, P.E.4 and David Hoelke4, (1)Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, (2)HHS Associates, Irving, TX, (3)Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, (4)Tarrant County College District, Fort Worth, TX 2. Method for Tuning a Chiller Power Estimation Model with a Very Limited Part Load Performance Data Set (OR-20- C071) Vladimir Suslov, Ph.D.1 and Marcelo Acosta, P.Eng., Member2, (1)Armstrong Fluid Technology, Toronto, ON, Canada, (2)Armstrong Fluid Technologies, Toronto, ON, Canada 3. Comparison of Fixed and Variable Speed Compressor Efficiency and Energy Consumption in a Residential Home (OR- 20-C072) Jonathan Ore, Student Member, Nicholas Salts, Student Member and Eckhard Groll, Dr.Ing., Fellow ASHRAE, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

4. Use of Solar Thermal Collectors and a Horizontal Underground Loop in a Multi-Source Heat Pump System for Thermal Energy Storage (OR-20-C073) Yao Yu, Ph.D., BEMP and BEAP, Associate Member1, Rui Miao, Student Member1, Gaylord Olson2, Doug Selby3 and Laurie Catey, P.E.4, (1)North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, (2)Seasonal Storage Technologies, Princeton, NJ, (3)Meadowlark Design+Build, Ann Arbor, MI, (4)L.L. Catey Engineering Services, Royal Oak, MI


Current Products and Development in Absorption and Heat Operated Machines Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orange G Sponsor: 8.3 Absorption and Heat Operated Machines Chair: Kyle Gluesenkamp, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN This seminar covers information on heat operated heat pumping systems used for space heating or cooling or water heating, whether for domestic, commercial or industrial applications. Presentations include current demonstrations, developments, case studies and research issues focusing on fuel fired heat pumps. Technologies include absorption, adsorption, Stirling, Vuilleumier, and engine driven cycles that will be of interest to the ASHRAE membership due to their high source energy efficiency and considerable full cycle carbon reduction versus conventional systems. 1. Residential Space and Water Heating with Gas Absorption Heat Pumps Chris Keinath, Ph.D., Member, Stone Mountain Technologies, Johnson City, TN 2. Demonstration of Water and Space Heating with an Absorption Heat Pump Water Heater Chris Smith, P.E., Member, Energy 350, Portland, OR 3. A Thermal Compression Heat Pump for Complete Building HVAC David Parks, Ph.D. and Paul Schwartz, ThermoLift, Stony Brook, NY 4. Gas Heat Pumps for Integrated Commercial Hot Water and Air Conditioning in Restaurants Isaac Mahderekal, Ph.D., Member, Gas Technology Institute, Davis, CA


Leveraging Computational Models to Make Smart Controls Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange B Sponsor: 4.10 Indoor Environmental Modeling, 7.5 Smart Building Systems Chair: Duncan Phyfe, Associate Member, Alden Research Laboratory, Holden, MA Smart controls can provide for energy saving ventilation systems throughout the industry. This seminar focuses on the use of computational models in the development of smart control systems, to achieve the design goals and energy savings. The use of smart controls can be applied across industries. Specifically, human-occupied spaces and data centers utilizing model-based smart control systems are addressed. The utilization of natural ventilation verses mechanical cooling is included within the smart controls modeling. The available computational tools range from energy-based to full computational fluid dynamics models. 1. Smart Control Algorithms for Natural Ventilation and Mechanical Cooling Systems Charalampos Angelopoulos, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom 2. Data Center Controls Are Simple: Why Use Modeling? Mark Seymour, Member, Future Facilities, London, United Kingdom 3. Applying Equation-Based Modeling for Energy Efficient Data Center Cooling Operation Wangda Zuo, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 4. Using a Physics-Based Model to Control Cooling Airflow in Data Centers James VanGilder, Member, Schneider Electric, Andover, MA 5. Smart Ventilation for High-Rise Institutional Buildings Liangzhu (Leon) Wang, Ph.D., P.E., Member, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada


Nexus of Resilience and Energy Efficiency in Buildings Track: Cutting Edge Approaches

Room: Orlando VI Sponsor: 2.10 Resilience and Security Chair: Jared Langevin, Ph.D., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA In recent years, the concept of resilience has attracted increased attention. Natural disasters (e.g. hurricanes, wildfires, flooding) and extreme weather (e.g. heat waves, polar vortex) have led to enormous damages and losses. Moreover, the frequency and intensity are projected to increase. In the building space, there is increased recognition of the benefits of hazard-resistant construction practices, but the connection between resilience and behind-the-meter energy efficiency is less well-defined, explored and valued. This seminar examines the nexus between resilience and energy efficiency, identifies challenges in connecting the two and identifies opportunities to co-optimize them in technology, market and policy. 1. Effects of Resilient, Energy-Efficient Buildings on Occupants Clinton Andrews, Ph.D., P.E., Member, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 2. How Do Energy Efficiency Measures Influence Resilience? A Case Study of a Nursing Home in Florida Kaiyu Sun, Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 3. Natural Resilience Tall Building: How They Can Perform Better in Both Normal and Emergency Time Luke Leung, P.E., Member, Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill LPP, Chicago, IL 4. Building Science-Based Metrics for Energy Resilience in Non-Residential Buildings Paul Mathew, Ph.D., Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Seminar 72 (Basic)

Radiant System Design and Operation: Optimizing Energy Usage and Thermal Comfort in Residential and Commercial Applications Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation

Room: Orlando V Sponsor: 6.5 Radiant Heating and Cooling, Residential Building Committee Chair: Theresa Weston, Ph.D., Member, DuPont, Richmond, VA Radiant heating and cooling systems have been used on both residential and commercial projects to provide optimum IEQ while reducing energy consumption. The design and operational strategies of these systems varies depending on the application. This seminar explores the differences and commonalities of such approaches on three specific case study types: a single family residence, multi-family residences and a large-scale commercial building. Post-occupancy data and lessons learned are presented. 1. Radiant Cooling at Home: A Case Study Peter Simmonds, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, Building and Systems Analytics LLC, Emneth, CA, United Kingdom 2. Integrated Design for Achieving IEQ and Efficiency Robert Bean, Member, Indoor Climate Consultants Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada 3. Radiant Cooling at Work: Lessons Learned after a Decade of Operation Shanti Pless, NREL, Golden, CO


Refrigerants and Refrigeration with Ground Source Heat Pumps Track: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Room: Orange E Sponsor: 6.8 Geothermal Heat Pump and Energy Recovery Applications Chair: Brendan Hall, P.E., Member, CHA Consulting, Syracuse, NY This session explores the usage and effects of next generation low-GWP refrigerants on ground source heat pump design and application. 1. Minimizing Flammable Refrigerant Charge in Residential GSHPs Björn Palm, Ph.D., KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden 2. Impact of Refrigerant Options upon Unitary Equipment for Commercial Buildings Steve Kavanaugh, Ph.D., Fellow ASHRAE, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 3. Refrigeration Heat Recovery

Ed Lohrenz, Associate Member, GEOptimize Inc., Winnipeg, MB, Canada 4. Measurements and Energy Analysis for a Prototype Carbon Dioxide Ground Source Heat Pump Harrison Skye, Ph.D., Member, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD


Smart Is as Smart Does: Case Studies from Intelligent Florida Buildings, Campuses and Cities Track: Big Data and Smart Controls

Room: Orange F Sponsor: 1.4 Control Theory and Application, 7.5 Smart Building Systems , 7.3, 7.9 Chair: Chariti Young, Member, Automated Logic Corp., Kennesaw, GA Are smart buildings, campuses and cities REALLY smart? Or is it all just hype? The proof is in the results. The speakers present case studies of Florida buildings, campuses and cities designed and operated to take advantage of advanced sequences of operation, novel integration use cases, and IoT data and analytics. Come find out what has worked and what hasn't, and the challenges the industry faces to make every installation smart. 1. Are Smart Buildings a Solution in Search of a Problem, or a Means to an End? Chariti Young, Member, Automated Logic Corp., Kennesaw, GA 2. A Smart Campus Infrastructure Doesn't Manage Itself Nathaniel Boyd, P.E., BEAP, Member, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 3. Smart City Transformation: What's Required for Success? Michael Hess, P.E., City of Orlando, Orlando, FL 4. Why Smart Cities Are Good Business Ian LaHiff, P.E., Member, City of Orlando, Orlando, FL


Solving Duct System Performance Problems: Acoustics Effects, Air Leakage and Capture Hood Flow Measurements Track: Ventilation, IAQ and Air Distribution Systems

Room: Orange C Sponsor: 5.2 Duct Design, 1.2 Instruments and Measurements Chair: Stephen Idem, Ph.D., Member, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN This seminar discusses three different performance metrics for duct systems, including the influence of acoustics on duct design, simplified low-cost identification of duct leakage and accurate diffuser flow measurement with capture hoods. Affordable ways to comply with ASHRAE's background noise recommendations are presented, as will a low-cost duct leakage measurement based on temperature and humidity. Field test results and comparisons with fan-pressurization testing are presented. The lack of a universally accepted calibration standard for flow capture hoods is discussed, and guidance for measurement practices when using capture hoods for residential or commercial systems is presented. 1. Acoustics Considerations in Duct Design: Will It be Too Annoying in the Room? Jeff Boldt, P.E., HBDP, Fellow ASHRAE, IMEG Corp, Madison, WI 2. A Novel Duct Leakage Measurement Technique Based on Relative Humidity Measurement Mark Modera, Ph.D., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, University of California, Davis, CA 3. Accuracy of Residential Capture Hoods Steven Rogers, Member, The Energy Conservatory, Minneapolis, MN 4. Capture Hood Errors Associated with Commercial Diffuser Types Robert Moss, Member, Dwyer Instruments, Michigan City, IN

Documents

2020 ASHRAE Winter Conference Library/Conferences/Winter... · Seminar 4 (Intermediate) Moving BAS for Hospitals into the Future . Track: High Efficiency Design and Operation . Room: