WJEC · 2020. 1. 25. · matris adulterium monstri novitate biformis; destinat hunc Minos thalamo removere pudorem multiplicique domo caecisque includere tectis. 155. WJEC Latin Literature

WJEC

Certificate in Latin Literature

Unit 9542Latin Literature Narratives

Section B Ovid, Metamorphoses

Student Study Book (without notes)

2 WJEC Latin Literature Unit 9542 B Metamorphoses

152 votum, voti - vow, votive offeringIuppiter, Iovis - JupiterMinos, Minois - Minostaurus, tauri - bullcorpus, corporis - bodycentum - a hundred

153 solvo, solvere, solvi, solutus - fulfil, perform, discharge

ut - when, as soon asegredior, egredi, egressus sum - come to

land, disembark fromratis, ratis - boatCuretis, Curetidis - Cretanterra, terrae - land, ground, country

154 contingo, contingere, contigi, contactus - touch, reach

et - andspolium, spolii - booty, spoildecoro, decorare, decoravi, decoratus -

adorn, decorateregia, regiae - palacefigo, figere, fixi, fixus - fix, fasten

Ovid, MetamorphosesIn his Metamorphoses, Ovid fitted together into a continuous poem of around 12,000 lines an enormous range of myths and folk-tales, beginning with the creation of the world and ending in Ovid’s own day. Almost all the stories it contains involve a change of shape (in Greek, a ‘metamorphosis’) of one sort or another - humans, for example, being transformed into animals, trees, and even mountains!

Section I - The building of the labyrinth (Met. 8.152-168)The first passage tells how, Minos, king of Crete, returned from a successful war against Athens to find that, in his absence, his wife Pasiphae had fallen in love with a bull and, as the result of their appalling union, had given birth to the Minotaur. In order to remove this blot on his family, Minos employed the famous inventor Daedalus to construct a building in which the hideous creature could be hidden away.

The building of the labyrinth - Section IaLines 152-154

vota Iovi Minos taurorum corpora centum solvit, ut egressus ratibus Curetida terram contigit, et spoliis decorata est regia fixis.

WJEC Latin Literature Unit 9542 B Metamorphoses 3

Notes

Crete and the Greek Islands


155 cresco, crescere, crevi, cretus - grow, increase

opprobrium, opprobrii - scandal, disgracegenus, generis - familyfoedus, foeda, foedum - disgusting, vile,

abominablepateo, patere, patui - be exposed, be

evident, come to light156 mater, matris - mother

adulterium, adulterii - adulterymonstrum, monstri - monstrosity, monsternovitas, novitatis - phenomenon, novelty,

strangenessbiformis, biformis, biforme - two-formed (i.e.

man and bull)

157 destino, destinare, destinavi, destinatus - determine, decide

hic, haec, hoc - thisMinos, Minois - Minosthalamus, thalami - bedroom, marriageremoveo, removere, removi, remotus -

removepudor, pudoris - shame, dishonour

158 multiplex, multiplicis - having many windings, complex

domus, domi - house, homecaecus, caeca, caecum - dark, obscure, secretincludo, includere, inclusi, inclusus - shut up,

enclosetectum, tecti - house, dwelling, building

The building of the labyrinth - Section IbLines 155-158

creverat opprobrium generis, foedumque patebat matris adulterium monstri novitate biformis; destinat hunc Minos thalamo removere pudorem multiplicique domo caecisque includere tectis.

155


Notes


159 Daedalus, Daedali - Daedalusingenium, ingenii - talent, gift, geniusfaber, fabra, fabrum - of the craftsmanceleber, celebris, celebre - renowned, famousars, artis - skill, art, artifice

160 pono, ponere, posui, positus - put, place, set upopus, operis - work, structureturbo, turbare, turbavi, turbatus - confuse,

mix up, make muddlednota, notae - sign, mark, markeret - andlumen, luminis - eye, lightflexus, flexa, flexum - tortuous, bending, twisting

161 duco, ducere, duxi, ductus - lead, draw, deceive

in - intoerror, erroris - uncertainty, error, deceptionvarius, varia, varium - various, uncertain,

diverseambages, ambagis - twisting around, twists

and turnsvia, viae - way, path, passage

The building of the labyrinth - Section IcLines 159-161

Daedalus ingenio fabrae celeberrimus artis ponit opus turbatque notas et lumina flexa ducit in errorem variarum ambage viarum.

160


Notes


162 non - notsecus - otherwise, differentlyac - and, and besides; thanliquidus, liquida, liquidum - liquid, fluidPhrygius, Phrygia, Phrygium - PhrygianMaeandrus, Maeandri - Maeander, a riverin - in, amongunda, undae - wave, water

163 ludo, ludere, lusi, lusus - playet - andambiguus, ambigua, ambiguum -

changeable, varying, uncertainlapsus, lapsus - gliding, moving, courserefluo, refluere - flow backfluo, fluere, fluxi - flow

164 occurro, occurrere, occurri - [with dat] run towards, meet, encounter

se - himself, herself, itself, themselvesvenio, venire, veni - comeaspicio, aspicere, aspexi, aspectus - see,

look at, beholdunda, undae - wave, water

165 et - andnunc - now, at this momentad - to, towardsfons, fontis - spring, sourcenunc - now, at this momentad - to, towardsmare, maris - seaverto, vertere, verti, versus - turnapertus, aperta, apertum - open

166 incertus, incerta, incertum - uncertain, inconstant

exerceo, exercere, exercui, exercitus - keep in motion, ply

aqua, aquae - water

The building of the labyrinth - Section IdLines 162-166 (... aquas)

non secus ac liquidis Phrygiis Maeandrus in undis ludit et ambiguo lapsu refluitque fluitque occurrensque sibi venturas aspicit undas et nunc ad fontes, nunc ad mare versus apertum incertas exercet aquas:

165


Notes


166 ita - so, in this way, just like thisDaedalus, Daedali - Daedalusimpleo, implere, implevi, impletus - fill

167 innumerus, innumera, innumerum - numberless

error, erroris - uncertainty, error, deceptionvia, viae - way, path, passagevix - hardly, scarcely, not easilyipse, ipsa, ipsum - he himselfrevertor, reverti, reversus sum - come back,

return

168 ad - to, towardslimen, liminis - threshold, entrancepossum, posse, potui - be able, cantantus, tanta, tantum - so greatsum, esse, fui - befallacia, fallaciae - deceptiveness, trickerytectum, tecti - house, dwelling, building

The building of the labyrinth - Section IeLines 166-168 (ita ... tecti)

ita Daedalus implet innumeras errore vias, vixque ipse reverti ad limen potuit: tanta est fallacia tecti.


Notes


183 Daedalus, Daedali - Daedalusinterea - meanwhileCrete, Cretes - Cretelongus, longa, longum - longperodi, perodisse, perosus sum - hate

greatly, detest184 exilium, exilii - exile

tango, tangere, tetigi, tactus - touch, affect, movelocus, loci - placenatalis, natalis, natale - of birth, nativeamor, amoris - love, desire

185 claudo, claudere, clausi, clausus - shut in, imprisonpelagus, pelagi - seaterra, terrae - landlicet - although (+ subjunctive)inquit - he sayset - andunda, undae - wave

186 obstruo, obstruere, obstruxi, obstructus - close off, block

at - but, yet, at leastcaelum, caeli - skycerte - certainly, surelypateo, patere, patui - be open, be accessible,

be availableeo, ire, ii - goillac - by that route

187 omnis, omnis, omne - all, everypossideo, possidere, possedi, possessus -

possess, controlnon - notpossideo, possidere, possedi, possessus -

possess, haveaer, aeris - air, atmosphere, skyMinos, Minois - Minos

Section II - Daedalus and Icarus (Met. 8.183-235)For many years the Minotaur - fed on the flesh of Athenian youths - remained hidden but secure, until the secret of the labyrinth was penetrated by the young Athenian prince Theseus. Helped by the king’s daughter Ariadne, he succeeded in killing the Minotaur and then escaped with her. Daedalus was blamed for all this, and he and his son now became Minos’ prisoners.

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIaLines 183-187

Daedalus interea, Creten longumque perosus exilium, tactusque loci natalis amore, clausus erat pelago. ‘terras licet’ inquit ‘et undas obstruat, at caelum certe patet; ibimus illac!omnia possideat, non possidet aera Minos.’

185


Notes


188 dico, dicere, dixi, dictus - sayet - andignotus, ignota, ignotum - unknownanimus, animi - mind, will, purposedimitto, dimittere, dimisi, dimissus - direct, applyin - to, intoars, artis - skill, art

189 natura, naturae - naturenovo, novare, novavi, novatus - make new,

change, alternam - forpono, ponere, posui, positus - put, place, layin - inordo, ordinis - order, row, linepenna, pennae - feather

191 ut - so thatclivus, clivi - slopecresco, crescere, crevi, cretus - grow,

increaseputo, putare, putavi - think, suppose, believesic - in this manner, so, thusrusticus, rustica, rusticum - rustic, countryquondam - once, sometimes

192 fistula, fistulae - pipe, shepherd’s pipe, pan-pipe

dispar, disparis - unequal, of different lengthspaulatim - graduallysurgo, surgere, surrexi - rise, grow talleravena, avenae - reed

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIbLines 188-189 and 191-192

dixit et ignotas animum dimittit in artes, naturamque novat. nam ponit in ordine pennas, ut clivo crevisse putes; sic rustica quondam fistula disparibus paulatim surgit avenis.

189191


Notes


193 tum - thenlinum, lini - thread, cordmedius, media, medium - middle, in the middleet - andcera, cerae - waxadligo, adligare, adligavi, adligatus - bind, tieimus, ima, imum - at the bottom, at the base

194 atque - and, and alsoita - so, in this way, thuscompono, componere, composui, compositus

- put together, arrange, constructparvus, parva, parvum - small, gentlecurvamen, curvaminis - curve, arcflecto, flectere, flexi, flexus - bend

195 ut - so that, to, in order toverus, vera, verum - true, real, genuineimitor, imitari, imitatus sum - imitate,

simulate, copyavis, avis - bird

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIcLines 193-195 (... aves)

tum lino medias et ceris adligat imas, atque ita compositas parvo curvamine flectit, ut veras imitetur aves. 195


Notes


195 puer, pueri - boy, sonIcarus, Icari - Icarusuna - together with him, beside him

196 sto, stare, steti - standet - andignarus, ignara, ignarum - ignorant, unawaresuus, sua, suum - his, his ownse - himself, herself, itself, themselvestracto, tractare, tractavi, tractatus - handlepericlum, pericli - danger, peril

197 os, oris - mouth, facerenideo, renidere - smilemodo - sometimesqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatvagus, vaga, vagum - wandering, moving at

randommoveo, movere, movi, motus - move, stiraura, aurae - air, gentle breeze

198 capto, captare, captavi, captatus - snatch, try to catch, grab

pluma, plumae - featherflavus, flava, flavum - yellow, goldenmodo - sometimespollex, pollicis - thumbcera, cerae - wax

199 mollio, mollire, mollivi, mollitus - soften, make soft

lusus, lusus - play, gamesuus, sua, suum - his, his ownmirabilis, mirabilis, mirabile - wonderful,

marvellous, extraordinarypater, patris - father

200 impedio, impedire, impedivi, impeditus - hamper, hinder

opus, operis - work

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIdLines 195-200 (puer ... opus)

puer Icarus una stabat et, ignarus sua se tractare pericla, ore renidenti modo, quas vaga moverat aura, captabat plumas, flavam modo pollice ceram mollibat, lusuque suo mirabile patris impediebat opus.

195

200


Notes


200 postquam - after, whenmanus, manus - handultimus, ultima, ultimum - last, finalcoeptum, coepti - undertaking, task

201 impono, imponere, imposui, impositus - put ongeminus, gemina, geminum - double, twinopifex, opificis - craftsmanlibro, librare, libravi, libratus - balance, poisein, on - in, onala, alae - wing

202 ipse, ipsa, ipsum - he, she, it; himself, herself, itself

suus, sua, suum - his, his owncorpus, corporis - bodymoveo, movere, movi, motus - move, stirpendeo, pendere, pependi - hang, hoverin - in, onaura, aurae - air, gentle breeze

203 instruo, instruere, instruxi, instructus - instruct, teach

et - and, alsonatus, nati - sonmedius, media, medium - middleque - andut - to, thatlimes, limitis - track, routecurro, currere, cucurri - run, hasten

204 Icarus, Icari - Icarusaio - saymoneo, monere, monui, monitus - warn,

advisene - so that not, in order that not, lestsi - ifdemissus, demissa, demissum - low, by a

lower courseeo, ire, ii - go

205 unda, undae - wave, water, seagravo, gravare, gravavi, gravatus - weigh

downpenna, pennae - feather, wingsi - ifcelsus, celsa, celsum - high, on a higher

courseignis, ignis - fire, heat (of the sun)aduro, adurere, adussi, adustus - burn,

scorch

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIeLines 200-205 (postquam ... adurat)

postquam manus ultima coepto imposita est, geminas opifex libravit in alas ipse suum corpus motaque pependit in aura. instruit et natum, ‘medio’que ‘ut limite curras, Icare’, ait ‘moneo, ne, si demissior ibis, unda gravet pennas, si celsior, ignis adurat.

200

205


Notes


206 inter - betweenuterque, utraque, utrumque - each of the twovolo, volare, volavi - flynec - nor, and nottu - you (sing)specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatus - look

at, face towardsBootes, Bootae - Bootes, a constellation (the

Ox-driver)207 aut - or

Helice, Helices - Helice, a constellation (the Great Bear)

iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus - order, command, tell

stringo, stringere, strinxi, strictus - draw, unsheathe

Orion, Orionis - Orion, a constellation (the Hunter)

ensis, ensis - sword

208 ego, mei - I, medux, ducis - leader, guidecarpo, carpere, carpsi, carptus - take, seizevia, viae - way, path, roadpariter - at the same time, simultaneouslypraeceptum, praecepti - rule, guidancevolo, volare, volavi - fly

209 trado, tradere, tradidi, traditus - hand over, give

et - andignotus, ignota, ignotum - unknown, new-

fangledumerus, umeri - shoulderaccommodo, accommodare, accommodavi,

accommodatus - adjust, fitala, alae - wing

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIfLines 206-209

inter utrumque vola! nec te spectare Booten aut Helicen iubeo strictumque Orionis ensem: me duce carpe viam!’ pariter praecepta volandi tradit et ignotas umeris accommodat alas.


Notes


210 inter - betweenopus, operis - workmonitus, monitus - warning, advicegena, genae - cheekmadesco, madescere, madui - become

moist, become wetsenilis, senilis, senile - aged, of an old man

211 et - andpatrius, patria, patrium - of a father, paternaltremo, tremere, tremui - tremble, shakemanus, manus - handdo, dare, dedi, datus - giveosculum, osculi - kissnatus, nati - son, child

212 non - notiterum - again, for the second timerepeto, repetere, repetivi, repetitus - seek

again, repeatsuus, sua, suum - his, his ownpenna, pennae - feather, winglevo, levare, levavi, levatus - lift, support, raise

213 ante - in front, beforevolo, volare, volavi - flycomes, comitis - companiontimeo, timere, timui - fear, be afraidvelut - just as, just likeales, alitis - birdab - fromaltus, alta, altum - high

214 qui, quae, quod - who, which, thattener, tenera, tenerum - delicate, immature,

youngproles, prolis - offspringproduco, producere, produxi, productus -

lead forth, bring forthin - intoaer, aeris - airnidus, nidi - nest

215 hortor, hortari, hortatus sum - encourage, urge

sequor, sequi, secutus sum - followdamnosus, damnosa, damnosum -

destructive, fatalerudio, erudire, erudivi, eruditus - instruct,

teachars, artis - skill, art

216 et - andmoveo, movere, movi, motus - move, stir,

agitate, set in motionipse, ipsa, ipsum - he, she, it; self, very,

identicalsuus, sua, suum - his, his ownet - andnatus, nati - son, childrespicio, respicere, respexi - look back at,

watchala, alae - wing

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIgLines 210-216

inter opus monitusque genae maduere seniles, et patriae tremuere manus. dedit oscula nato non iterum repetenda suo, pennisque levatus ante volat comitique timet, velut ales, ab alto quae teneram prolem produxit in aera nido; hortaturque sequi, damnosasque erudit artes, et movet ipse suas et nati respicit alas.

210

215


Notes


217 hic, haec, hoc - thisaliquis, aliquid - someonetremulus, tremula, tremulum - trembling,

quiveringdum - whilecapto, captare, captavi, captatus - try to

catchharundo, harundinis - fishing rodpiscis, piscis - fish

218 aut - orpastor, pastoris - shepherdbaculum, baculi - stick, staffstiva, stivae - plough-handleinnitor, inniti, innixus sum - lean onarator, aratoris - ploughman, farmer

219 video, videre, vidi, visus - see, look at, behold, observe

et - andobstipesco, obstipescere, obstipui - gape

wide, be amazed, be astoundedqui, quae, quod - who, which, thataether, aetheris - upper air, heaven, skycarpo, carpere, carpsi, carptus - take, usepossum, posse, potui - be able, can

220 credo, credere, credidi - believe, thinksum, esse, fui - bedeus, dei - god

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIhLines 217-220 (... deos)

hos aliquis tremula dum captat harundine pisces, aut pastor baculo stivave innixus arator vidit et obstipuit, quique aethera carpere possent credidit esse deos. 220


Notes


220 et - andiam - now, alreadyIunonius, Iunonia, Iunonium - belonging to Junolaevus, laeva, laevum - left, left hand

221 pars, partis - part, sideSamos, Sami - Samos, an island in the

eastern Aegean SeaDelos, Deli - Delos, an island of the CycladesParos, Pari - Paros, an island in the Cycladesrelinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictus - leave

behind, leave222 dexter, dextra, dextrum - on the right hand

side, to the rightLebinthos, Lebinthi - Lebinthos, an island in

the Sporadessum, esse, fui - befecundus, fecunda, fecundum - fruitful, abundantmel, mellis - honeyCalymne, Calymnes - Calymne, an island in

the Aegean Sea

223 cum - whenpuer, pueri - boy, sonaudax, audacis - bold, daring, audaciouscoepio, coepere, coepi - begingaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum - be pleased

with, revel in, enjoyvolatus, volatus - flying, flight

224 desero, deserere, deserui, desertus - abandon, desert, leave

dux, ducis - leader, guidecaelum, caeli - heaven, skycupido, cupidinis - love, desiretraho, trahere, traxi, tractus - draw, attract

225 altus, alta, altum - highago, agere, egi, actus - drive, takeiter, itineris - journey, route

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIiLines 220-225 (et iam ... iter)

et iam Iunonia laeva parte Samos (fuerant Delosque Parosque relictae), dextra Lebinthos erat fecundaque melle Calymne, cum puer audaci coepit gaudere volatu deseruitque ducem, caelique cupidine tractusaltius egit iter.

220

225


Notes


225 rapidus, rapida, rapidum - scorching, consuming

vicinia, viciniae - nearness, proximitysol, solis - sun

226 mollio, mollire, mollivi, mollitus - soften, make soft, weaken

odoratus, odorata, odoratum - sweet-smelling, fragrant

penna, pennae - feather, wingvinculum, vinculi - bond, linkcera, cerae - wax

227 tabesco, tabescere, tabui - melt, melt awaycera, cerae - waxnudus, nuda, nudum - barequatio, quatere, -, quassus - shake, flap,

beatille, illa, illud - he, she; it; that; the well-

known; the formerlacertus, lacerti - arm

228 remigium, remigii - oarage, propulsion, (here) wings

careo, carere, carui - be without, miss, lack (+ abl.)

non - notullus, ulla, ullum - anypercipio, percipere, percepi, perceptus -

catch, get a purchase onaura, aurae - air, breeze

229 os, oris - mouth, facecaeruleus, caerulea, caeruleum - dark bluepatrius, patria, patrium - of a father, paternalclamo, clamare, clamavi - shout, callnomen, nominis - name

230 excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptus - catch, receive, take

aqua, aquae - water, seaqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatnomen, nominis - nametraho, trahere, traxi, tractus - draw, takeab - fromille, illa, illud - he, she, it; that

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIjLines 225-230 (rapidi ... illo)

rapidi vicinia solis mollit odoratas, pennarum vincula, ceras. tabuerant cerae; nudos quatit ille lacertos, remigioque carens non ullas percipit auras. oraque caerulea patrium clamantia nomen excipiuntur aqua, quae nomen traxit ab illo.

225

230


Notes


231 at - but, yetpater, patris - fatherinfelix, infelicis - unfortunate, unhappynec - nor, and notiam - now, any longerpater, patris - fatherIcarus, Icari - Icarusdico, dicere, dixi, dictus - say, call

232 Icarus, Icari - Icarusdico, dicere, dixi, dictus - say, callubi - where?sum, esse, fui - bequis, quid - who? which? what?tu - you (sing.)regio, regionis - place, locality, locationrequiro, requirere, requisii, requisitus - seek,

search for

233 Icarus, Icari - Icarusdico, dicere, dixi, dictus - say, callpenna, pennae - feather, wingaspicio, aspicere, aspexi, aspectus - see,

catch sight ofin - in, onunda, undae - wave, sea

234 devoveo, devovere, devovi, devotus - cursesuus, sua, suum - his, his ownars, artis - skill, art, cunning, artificecorpus, corporis - body, corpsesepulcrum, sepulcri - grave, tomb

235 condo, condere, condidi, conditus - lay to rest, place, bury

et - andtellus, telluris - land, countrya - fromnomen, nominis - namedico, dicere, dixi, dictus - say, callsepelio, sepelire, sepelivi, sepultus - bury

Daedalus and Icarus - Section IIkLines 231-235

at pater infelix nec iam pater ‘Icare’, dixit, ‘Icare’, dixit ‘ubi es? qua te regione requiram? Icare’, dicebat; pennas aspexit in undis, devovitque suas artes corpusque sepulcro condidit, et tellus a nomine dicta sepulti. 235


Notes


243 qui, quae, quod - who, which, thatquia - becausePygmalion, Pygmalionis - Pygmalionaevum, aevi - time, lifeper - through, for, for the sake ofcrimen, criminis - crime, scandal, immoralityago, agere, egi, actus - act, do, spend (time)

244 video, videre, vidi, visus - see, observe, understand

offendo, offendere, offendi, offensus - offend, upset, disgust

vitium, vitii - fault, vice, wickednessqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatplurimus, plurima, plurimum - very much,

very manymens, mentis - mind, thought

245 femineus, feminea, femineum - of a woman, feminine

natura, naturae - naturedo, dare, dedi, datus - givesine - withoutconiunx, coniugis - wife, spousecaelebs, caelibis - unmarried, single,

bachelor246 vivo, vivere, vixi - live

thalamus, thalami - marriage, marriage-beddiu - for a long whileconsors, consortis - partnercareo, carere, carui - be without, lack (+ abl.)

Section III - Pygmalion (Met. 10.243-297)In this story, Pygmalion is king of Cyprus. Some of the women of this island had become the first to sell their services as prostitutes. Disgusted by their immoral behaviour, Pygmalion made up his mind to have nothing to do with any women.

Pygmalion - Section IIIaLines 243-246

quas quia Pygmalion aevum per crimen agentes viderat, offensus vitiis, quae plurima menti femineae natura dedit, sine coniuge caelebs vivebat thalamique diu consorte carebat.

245


Notes


247 interea - meanwhileniveus, nivea, niveum - snow-whitemirus, mira, mirum - wonderful, astonishingfeliciter - fortunately, luckily, happilyars, artis - skill, art

248 sculpo, sculpere, sculpsi, sculptus - carve, sculpt

ebur, eboris - ivoryforma, formae - form, figure, shape, beautydo, dare, dedi, datus - givequi, quae, quod - who, which, thatfemina, feminae - female, womannascor, nasci, natus sum - be born

249 nullus, nulla, nullum - not any, nopossum, posse, potui - be able, canopus, operis - work, work of artsuus, sua, suum - his, his ownconcipio, concipere, concepi, conceptus -

conceive, developamor, amoris - love, desire

250 virgo, virginis - girlsum, esse, fui - beverus, vera, verum - true, real, genuinefacies, faciei - look, appearancequi, quae, quod - who, which, thatvivo, vivere, vixi - live, be alivecredo, credere, credidi - believe, think

251 et - andsi - ifnon - notobsto, obstare, obstiti - stand in the way, hold

back, hinderreverentia, reverentiae - respect, deference,

modestyvolo, velle, volui - want, wish, desiremoveo, movere, movi, motus - move, rouse,

wake up252 ars, artis - skill, art

adeo - so much, so far, to such a degreelateo, latere, latui - lie hidden, escape noticears, artis - skill, artsuus, sua, suum - his, his own

Pygmalion - Section IIIbLines 247-252 (… sua)

interea niveum mira feliciter arte sculpsit ebur formamque dedit, qua femina nasci nulla potest, operisque sui concepit amorem. virginis est verae facies, quam vivere credas et, si non obstet reverentia, velle moveri: ars adeo latet arte sua.

250


Notes


252 miror, mirari, miratus sum - wonder at, be amazed at, admire

et - andhaurio, haurire, hausi, haustus - drink in,

take in, absorb253 pectus, pectoris - breast, soul, heart

Pygmalion, Pygmalionis - Pygmalionsimulo, simulare, simulavi, simulatus -

imitate, copy, pretendcorpus, corporis - bodyignis, ignis - fire, passion, passionate feeling (for)

254 saepe - often, frequentlymanus, manus - handopus, operis - work, work of arttempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus - try,

attempt, try out, testadmoveo, admovere, admovi, admotus -

move, bring near, lay onan - whether, orsum, esse, fui - be

255 corpus, corporis - bodyan - whether, orille, illa, illud - thatebur, eboris - ivory, ivory statuenec - nor, and notadhuc - still, yetebur, eboris - ivory, ivory statuesum, esse, fui - befateor, fateri, fassus sum - admit, acknowledge

256 osculum, osculi - kissdo, dare, dedi, datus - givereddo, reddere, reddidi, redditus - give back,

returnputo, putare, putavi - think, believeloquor, loqui, locutus sum - speak, talkteneo, tenere, tenui, tentus - hold, embrace

257 et - andcredo, credere, credidi, creditus - believe,

think, be of the opiniontango, tangere, tetigi, tactus - touchdigitus, digiti - fingerinsido, insidere, insedi, insessus - sink intomembrum, membri - limb

258 et - andmetuo, metuere, metui - be afraid, fearpremo, premere, pressi, pressus - pressvenio, venire, veni - come, arisene - that not, lestlivor, livoris - bruise, bruisingin - to, intoartus, artus - limb

Pygmalion - Section IIIcLines 252-258 (miratur ... artus)

miratur et haurit pectore Pygmalion simulati corporis ignes. saepe manus operi temptantes admovet, an sit corpus an illud ebur, nec adhuc ebur esse fatetur. oscula dat reddique putat loquiturque tenetque, et credit tactis digitos insidere membris, et metuit pressos veniat ne livor in artus.

255


Notes


Pygmalion - Section IIIdLines 259-265

et modo blanditias adhibet, modo grata puellis munera fert illi - conchas teretesque lapillos et parvas volucres et flores mille colorum, liliaque pictasque pilas et ab arbore lapsas Heliadum lacrimas. ornat quoque vestibus artus, dat digitis gemmas, dat longa monilia collo; aure leves bacae, redimicula pectore pendent.

259 et - andmodo - now, sometimesblanditia, blanditiae - flattery, charmadhibeo, adhibere, adhibui, adhibitus - offer, usemodo - now, sometimesgratus, grata, gratum - agreeable, pleasingpuella, puellae - girl

260 munus, muneris - giftfero, ferre, tuli, latus - bring, carryille, illa, illud - he, she, it, thatconcha, conchae - shellteres, teretis - smooth, roundedlapillus, lapilli - little stone, pebble

261 et - andparvus, parva, parvum - little, smallvolucris, volucris - birdet - andflos, floris - blossom, flowermille - thousand, thousands, innumerablecolor, coloris - colour

262 lilium, lilii - lilypictus, picta, pictum - painted, decoratedpila, pilae - ballet - andab - fromarbor, arboris - treelabor, labi, lapsus sum - fall down, drop

263 Heliades, Heliadum - the Heliades, daughters of Helios, who were changed into trees and shed tears of amber

lacrima, lacrimae - tearorno, ornare, ornavi, ornatus - adorn, dress,

decoratequoque - also, toovestis, vestis - garments, clothesartus, artus - limb

264 do, dare, dedi, datus - givedigitus, digiti - fingergemma, gemmae - jewel, gemdo, dare, dedi, datus - givelongus, longa, longum - longmonile, monilis - necklacecollum, colli - neck

265 auris, auris - earlevis, levis, leve - smooth, polishedbaca, bacae - pearlredimiculum, redimiculi - headband with

ribbons falling downpectus, pectoris - breast, chestpendeo, pendere, pependi - hang down

260

265


Notes


266 cunctus, cuncta, cunctum - all together, total, complete

decet, decere, decuit - look right, be becoming, be fitting

nec - nor, and notnudus, nuda, nudum - naked, bareminus - lessformosus, formosa, formosum - beautifulvideo, videre, vidi, visus - see; (in passive)

appear, seem267 colloco, collocare, collocavi, collocatus - place

hic, haec, hoc - thisstratum, strati - couch, bed, beddingconcha, conchae - shell-fish (producing a

rich purple dye)Sidonis, Sidonidis - Sidonian, Phoeniciantingo, tingere, tinxi, tinctus - dye, tint

268 appello, appellare, appellavi, appellatus - call, address, name

torus, tori - marriage-bedsocia, sociae - partner, companionadclino, adclinare, adclinavi, adclinatus - lay

down, lean, reclinecollum, colli - neck

269 mollis, mollis, molle - soft, tenderin - on, amongpluma, plumae - feather, downtamquam - just as, just as ifsentio, sentire, sensi, sensus - feel, perceiverepono, reponere, reposui, repositus - lay

back, place

Pygmalion - Section IIIeLines 266-269

cuncta decent, nec nuda minus formosa videtur. collocat hanc stratis concha Sidonide tinctis appellatque tori sociam, adclinataque colla mollibus in plumis, tamquam sensura, reponit.


Notes


270 festus, festa, festum - festal, of a festivaldies, diei - dayVenus, Veneris - Venus, goddess of lovetotus, tota, totum - all, the whole of, entireceleber, celebris, celebre - famous, crowdedCyprus, Cypri - Cyprus

271 venio, venire, veni - come, arriveet - andpandus, panda, pandum - curvedinduco, inducere, induxi, inductus - spread,

cover with (+ acc.)cornu, cornus - hornaurum, auri - gold

272 concido, concidere, concidi - fall down, be killed, die

icio, icere, ici, ictus - hit, strikeniveus, nivea, niveum - snow-whitecervix, cervicis - neckiuvenca, iuvencae - young cow, heifer

273 tus, turis - incensefumo, fumare, fumavi - smokecum - when, as soon asmunus, muneris - duty, functionfungor, fungi, functus sum - perform, carry

out, discharge a duty (+ abl.)ad - towards, near, atara, arae - altar

274 consisto, consistere, constiti - standet - andtimide - fearfully, timidly, nervouslysi - ifdeus, dei - goddo, dare, dedi, datus - givecunctus, cuncta, cunctum - all, everypossum, posse, potui - be able, have power,

can275 sum, esse, fui - be

coniunx, coniugis - wifeopto, optare, optavi, optatus - choose, wish

for, desirenon - notaudeo, audere, ausus sum - dareeburneus, eburnea, eburneum - made of

ivoryvirgo, virginis - girl

276 dico, dicere, dixi, dictus - say, declare, express

Pygmalion, Pygmalionis - Pygmalionsimilis, similis, simile - like, resembling,

similar tomeus, mea, meum - my, minedico, dicere, dixi, dictus - sayeburnus, eburna, eburnum - made of ivory

Pygmalion - Section IIIfLines 270-276

festa dies Veneris tota celeberrima Cypro venerat, et pandis inductae cornibus aurum conciderant ictae nivea cervice iuvencae, turaque fumabant, cum munere functus ad aras constitit et timide ‘si, di, dare cuncta potestis, sit coniunx, opto’ - non ausus ‘eburnea virgo’ dicere, Pygmalion ‘similis mea’ dixit ‘eburnae.’

270

275


Notes


277 sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus - feel, hear, perceive, notice

ut - as, sinceipse, ipsa, ipsum - herselfsuus, sua, suum - her, her ownadsum, adesse, adfui - be present atVenus, Veneris - Venus, goddess of loveaureus, aurea, aureum - golden, shining like

gold, beautifulfestum, festi - holiday, festival, feast-day

278 votum, voti - prayer, desire, hopequis, quid - whatille, illa, illud - thatvolo, velle, volui - wish, desire, want, mean, signifyet - andamicus, amica, amicum - friendly, favourablenumen, numinis - god, spirit, divine poweromen, ominis - augury, sign, token

279 flamma, flammae - flameter - three timesaccendo, accendere, accendi, accensus -

set on fire, lightapex, apicis - point, top, tongue (of flame)per - throughaer, aeris - airduco, ducere, duxi, ductus - lead, extend

Pygmalion - Section IIIgLines 277-279

sensit, ut ipsa suis aderat Venus aurea festis, vota quid illa velint et, amici numinis omen, flamma ter accensa est apicemque per aera duxit.


Notes


280 ut - when, as soon asredeo, redire, redii - go back, returnsimulacrum, simulacri - likeness, image, statuesuus, sua, suum - his, his ownpeto, petere, petii, petitus - make for, seekille, illa, illud - he, she, it; thatpuella, puellae - girl

281 incumbo, incumbere, incubui - lie on, recline ontorus, tori - couch, beddo, dare, dedi, datus - giveosculum, osculi - kissvideo, videre, vidi, visus - see; (in passive)

appear, seemtepeo, tepere, tepui - be warm

282 admoveo, admovere, admovi, admotus - move, bring near

os, oris - mouth, faceiterum - again, for the second timemanus, manus - handquoque - also, toopectus, pectoris - breast, chesttempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus -

handle, feel, test

283 tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus - handle, feel, test

mollesco, mollescere - soften, become softebur, eboris - ivory, ivory statuepono, ponere, posui, positus - lay aside, put

asiderigor, rigoris - stiffness, hardness

284 subsido, subsidere, subsedi - give way todigitus, digiti - fingercedo, cedere, cessi - yieldut - as, just asHymettius, Hymettia, Hymettium - of

Hymettus, a mountain famed for its honeysol, solis - sun, sunlight, heat of the sun

285 cera, cerae - waxremollesco, remollescere - grow soft, softentracto, tractare, tractavi, tractatus - handle,

manipulatepollex, pollicis - thumbmultus, multa, multum - much, many

286 flecto, flectere, flexi, flexus - bend, curve, mouldin - intofacies, faciei - form, shape, appearanceipse, ipsa, ipsum - selfsame, very, that veryfio, fieri, factus sum - becomeutilis, utilis, utile - useful, usableusus, usus - use

Pygmalion - Section IIIhLines 280-286

ut rediit, simulacra suae petit ille puellae incumbensque toro dedit oscula: visa tepere est. admovet os iterum, manibus quoque pectora temptat: temptatum mollescit ebur, positoque rigore subsidit digitis ceditque, ut Hymettia sole cera remollescit tractataque pollice multas flectitur in facies, ipsoque fit utilis usu.

280

285


Notes


287 dum - while, as long asstupeo, stupere, stupui - be stunned, be

astonishedet - anddubie - hesitantly, uncertainly, doubtfullygaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum - rejoice, be

glad, be pleasedfallo, fallere, fefelli, falsus - cheat, deceive,

disappointvereor, vereri, veritus sum - fear, be afraid

288 rursus - again, once moreamo, amare, amavi, amatus - loverursus - again, once moremanus, manus - handsuus, sua, suum - his, his ownvotum, voti - prayer, object of prayer, desire,

hoperetracto, retractare, retractavi, retractatus -

touch again289 corpus, corporis - body

sum, esse, fui - besalio, salire, salii - throb, pulsetempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus -

handle, feelpollex, pollicis - thumbvena, venae - vein

Pygmalion - Section IIIiLines 287-289

dum stupet et dubie gaudet fallique veretur, rursus amans rursusque manu sua vota retractat: corpus erat! saliunt temptatae pollice venae.


Notes


290 tum - then, at that momentvero - in fact, certainly, indeedPaphius, Paphia, Paphium - Paphian, of

Paphos (Cyprus)plenus, plena, plenum - plenteous, full,

fulsomeconcipio, concipere, concepi, conceptus -

produce, formheros, herois - hero

291 verbum, verbi - word, speechqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatVenus, Veneris - Venus, goddess of lovegrates, gratium - thanksago, agere, egi, actus - act, do, offeros, oris - mouth, facetandem - at last

292 os, oris - mouth, facesuus, sua, suum - his, his ownnon - notfalsus, falsa, falsum - false, unrealpremo, premere, pressi, pressus - pressdo, dare, dedi, datus - giveosculum, osculi - kissvirgo, virginis - girl

293 sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus - feel, perceiveet - anderubesco, erubescere, erubui - redden, blushtimidus, timida, timidum - fearful, timidad - to, towardslumen, luminis - light, daylight; eyelumen, luminis - light, daylight; eye

294 adtollo, adtollere - lift up, raisepariter - equally, simultaneouslycum - with, along withcaelum, caeli - skyvideo, videre, vidi, visus - see, behold, observeamo, amare, amavi, amatus - love

Pygmalion - Section IIIjLines 290-294

tum vero Paphius plenissima concipit heros verba, quibus Veneri grates agat, oraque tandem ore suo non falsa premit; dataque oscula virgo sensit et erubuit timidumque ad lumina lumen adtollens pariter cum caelo vidit amantem.

290


Notes


295 coniugium, coniugii - marriage, weddingqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatfacio, facere, feci, factus - make, do, causeadsum, adesse, adfui - be near, be present atdea, deae - goddessiam - now, alreadycogo, cogere, coegi, coactus - contract,

come together296 cornu, cornus - horn, horn of the moon

in - intoplenus, plena, plenum - full, wholenoviens - nine timeslunaris, lunaris, lunare - lunar, of the moonorbis, orbis - disc, circle, orb

297 ille, illa, illud - he, she, it; thatPaphos, Paphi - Paphos, daughter of

Pygmaliongigno, gignere, genui, genitus - bear, bring

forth, producede - from, afterqui, quae, quod - who, which, thatteneo, tenere, tenui, tentus - hold, keep,

possessinsula, insulae - islandnomen, nominis - name

Pygmalion - Section IIIkLines 295-297

coniugio, quod fecit, adest dea, iamque coactis cornibus in plenum noviens lunaribus orbem illa Paphon genuit, de qua tenet insula nomen.

295


Notes

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WJEC · 2020. 1. 25. · matris adulterium monstri novitate biformis; destinat hunc Minos thalamo removere pudorem multiplicique domo caecisque includere tectis. 155. WJEC Latin Literature