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2018-20
Winter College on Optics in Environmental Science
Svanberg S.
2 - 18 February 2009
Lund UniversitySweden
Environmental, combustion and medical diagnosticsand their connection
Sune SvanbergLund Laser Centre
Lund UniversitySweden
Environmental, combustion and medical diagnostics
–and their connection
Winter College ICTP 2009
Lund Present and recent Collaborators:G. Ahlgren, M. Andersson, S. Andersson-Engels, K. Barup,
M. Brydegaard, M. Cassel-Engquist, J. Hällström, R. Grönlund, Zuguang Guan, K. Jakobsson, A. Johansson,
L. Persson, G. Somesfalean, J. Swartling,T. Svensson, K. Svanberg
Lund Previous Collaborators:Ch. Abrahamsson, H. Edner,
J. Sandsten, M. Sjöholm, P. Weibring
International Collaborators:Z.G. Zhang, Harbin, S.L. He, Hangzhou,
G. Cecchi, Valentina Raimondi et al., Firenze;African LAM Network
Combustion Diagnostics
Aldén et al. Appl. Opt.
Lund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden
L UN D
U N IV ERS ITY
SWEDEN
MEDICAL
LASER CENTRE1991
Multicolour Fluorescence Imaging
4500
1
2
3
4
550 650 750
0
1
2
3
4
450 550 650 750
ADB
5 12Red — YellowBlueFc = A — k1D
k2B
Andersson-Engelset al. LSM (2000)
Environment
Medicine
a b
c d
Differential OpticalAbsorption SpectroscopyDOAS
Opsis AB
Sum-frequency generation to 254 nm: Hg
Also:SO2, NO2
H20Alnis et al.
Appl. Phys. Lett.
0
1
2
-0.04
-0.02
0.00
0.02
0.04
Diffe
rent
ial
abso
rban
ce (a
.u.)
0.1 Ångstrom
atmospheric pressure20 mbar
0 10 20 30 40 50
0.0E+005.0E-191.0E-181.5E-18
260 270 280 290 300 310 320
Frequency (GHz)
Wavelength (nm)Abso
rptio
n cr
oss
sect
ion
(cm
2 )Et
alon (a)
(c)
(b)
975 nm
438 nmEtalon
BBOcrystal
SO2 cell PMT
Filters
PD 3
SO2NO2H2O
Somesfalean et al.
Appl. Phys.
Diode laser difference frequency generationSimultaneous monitoring of Oxygen, Water vapour and Methane
Gustafssonet al.
Appl. Phys. B
Zero background TDLAS in a balanced
Michelson interferometer
Guan et al. Optics Exp.
Lund mobile Lidar system
Calib.Power Supply
IR mixOPONd:YAG
Ele
ctro
nics
Air sys
Nd:YAG OPOIR mix Nd:YAGIR mix
OMA
El
Nd:YAG
Power Supply
Air & Watercooling
Atomic Mercury Lidar Mapping and Flux
MeasurementRosignano Solvay, Italy
HOR.
VERT.Grönlund et al.
RV Urania and the Lund Lidar system in the port of Bari
Volcanoe Monitoring
Lidar monitoringof SO2 at Stromboli
Hydrocarbonlidar 3.4 m
MethaneEthane
Propane 0-Diff.
a b c d f ge
Weibring et al.
Lidar extensionTo hydrocarbons
Which flare is leaking ethylene?
Gas correlation imaging in the infrared
Installation atStatoil Kårstö
Norway
Gas correlation spectrometer based on UV LEDLuo et al. Harbin – Lund Collaboration. Appl. Phys. B
LIDAR REMOTE FLUORESCENCE MONITORING
Rome Coliseum
Target
Mobile lidar system
Laser beam path
Nd:YAG
OMA
Beam expander
To roof-top scanning mirror
Receivingtelescope
RemoteLIBS
Grönlund et al.Opt. Lett. 2005
0
1
2
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
450 600450 6000
1
2In
tens
ity (a
.u.)
460 600
Tumor360 nm
Tumor385 nm
Tumor410 nm
Normal360 nm
Normal385 nm
Normal410 nm
Compact UV LEDBased Fluorosensor
S. Ek et al.Spectrochim Acta A
2007
Lund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden
LUND UNIVERSITY
SWEDEN
MEDICAL
LASER CENTRE1991
Multicolour Fluorescence Imaging
4500
1
2
3
4
550 650 750
0
1
2
3
4
450 550 650 750
ADB
5 12Red — YellowBlueFc = A — k1D
k2B
Andersson-Engels et al. LSM (2000)
ALA PDT Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma
Challange: Deep-lying tumoursFiber-based interstitial system
Lightdistribution
module
Spectrometer
Computer
Diagnostic light unit
Therapeuticlight unit
Opticalfibres
Photodynamic tumour therapy
Example of clinical applications - prostate cancer
Lund collaboration with SpectraCure AB,Karolinska Hospital and Malmö University Hospital
LLight propagation in scattering media
Optical Mammography
White light time-resolved
transillumination for analysis of
constitutents inscattering media
Applications: Human tissue
FruitsPharmaceuticals
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
Amplitude (a.u.)700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
0 100 200 300 400 500
0 100 200 300 400 500
Wav
elen
gth
(nm
)
Time (ps)
Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
µ s' (
cm-1
)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
µ a (c
m-1
)850 900 950 1000 1050 1100
Wavelength (nm)
Evaluated properties
Measured raw data
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.) s’
a
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
Amplitude (a.u.)700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
0 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 500
0 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 5000 100 200 300 400 500
Wav
elen
gth
(nm
)
Time (ps)
Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data
Measured dataInstrumental dataFitted data
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
µ s' (
cm-1
)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
µ a (c
m-1
)850 900 950 1000 1050 1100
Wavelength (nm)
Evaluated properties
Measured raw data
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.) s’
a
Abrahamsson et al.
Gas in Scattering Media Absorption SpectroscopyGASMAS
Signature of free gas in a solid/liquid:Extremely sharp line on a broad background
Retrievable by WM or FM diode laser spectroscopyTDLS DIAL Opt. Mammography
Line width0.01-0.001 nmD
iffus
etr
ansm
.
Blue sky spectrum.txt JCR, Raw Data
Wavelength (nm)1 000900800700600500400
Rel
ativ
e In
tens
ity
65 000
60 000
55 000
50 000
45 000
40 000
35 000
30 000
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5 000
0
Blue sky spectrum with Fraunhofer lines, including Oxygen A
Wavelength (nm)300 500 700 1000 2000 3000
HbO2
Melanin
Water
IRUV
Log 1
0A
bsor
ptio
n co
effic
ient
Tissue AbsorptionAbsorption of light in tissue
Absorptionmolecular oxygen
R7R7 nm
GASMAS set-up and oxygen signal
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160L eq
(mm
)
Time (min)
Nitrogen gas exposed apple= 103 min
Oxygen exposed apple= 150 min
Untreated apple
Nitrogen gas exposed pealed apple
= 36 min
Gas transport in materials (apples)
Drying of wood
OxygenWater
Farmaceutical tabletsFrequency domain Time domain
T. Svensson et al. 2007
Measurementson farmaceutical
Tablets(with AstraZeneca)
T. Svensson et al. 2007
Environment Medicine
Paranasal Sinuses
0.5
1
1.5
Off On- 0.5
0
OnL
b
Left
Leq / mm
Off On
Right
OffL
OnR
OffR
a
Healthy volonteerMe !
Maxillarysinuses
Maxillary sinus Oxygen (760 nm) normalization
on Water vapor (935 nm)
Mastoideus
Density of H2Odetermined bytemperature
Thermostate at 37 C
Gas Exchange Study – Maxillary
Clinical trial ongoing:
Maxillary, frontal, mastoidealSinuses
New tool for fast ENT diagnosticsNitrogen flushing
Food packaging
Lewander et al., Appl. Phys. B 2008
Large-scale GASMAS – Multiple scattering LIDAR
Guan et al. Appl. Phys. B 2008
Environmental and medical applications are very similar !
-Just a matter of scales,
spatially and temporally!
Thanks to all enthusiastic collaborators!
Thank you for your attention !