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write a

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mailbox

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address

envelope

My MumMy House

Data Flow

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lick and stick/letter opener

page numbers

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Applications (WWW,e−mail,telnet, ...)

ICMP

ARP


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data segment

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TCP hdr

IP data

Ethernet hdr Ethernet data

IP hdr

TCP data



data segment

TCP segment

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TCP hdr

IP data


IP hdr

TCP data



data segment

TCP segment

IP packet

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TCP hdr

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IP packet

Ethernet frame

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TCP hdr

IP data


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TCP data


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Flags

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IHL

optional

20 b

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router router

computer 1 computer 2

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Local Network 1(Ethernet)

Local Network 2 Local Network 3

LNI−1

IP module

LNI−2

IP module

LNI−3

(Ethernet)(POS)

TCP module

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TCP module

Application

LNI = Local Network Interface



computer 1

routerIP module

LNI−1

TCP module

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LNI−1

IP module

applicationlayer

network

physical

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layer

transportlayer

link layer

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switchSwitch

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computer 1

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network

physical

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link layer

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Ethernet


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VoIP

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routing protocols

routing table

rout

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pack

ets

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packets

packetclassificationandheader update


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References� �� ! ! " �

� # � $� % � � �� & $ ' � � � �� ( � � ) � � � * � � �� + � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� , ) - � .� $ ' � � � ( � � �� / � � # � ��! 0! �

� � � %� � � �� 1� & � �� * � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � * ) � � �� , ) - � .2� $ ' � � � ( � � �� / �! 3 0 � �! ! " �

� 4� 5� �� 6 �� 78� �� $ � � 78� 78� � � � � �� & - � � � � � �9 � �� :� � � � 9 �� , � � � � ) � � � � � � � �

�� ( � � � 7 � � � � � � � � �� 9 � :� � � � � � � 3; ! + 3 � # � � � � � � �! 0 �8�

� 3� 78� � � � � � � & � * 7 � � 9 � � � � � � � � � ( � * 7 � $ � � ) � � � � � � � � � � � � � , �� $ < � � � < � � � # 3 �5 � � � � : �! ! 38�

� " � =� -� > � � � ?� � � �� ' ' � � =� = � � � � 9 �� 78� @� = � � � � � &A � * � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � ( - � * � � � � � (B �

C D � < � � � � EF� , ) - - -G � � ? � � � � � � � � � � � � �� 9 � < � � � # � � � � � + � 3 � . � �! ! 48�

�H � 5� � � � � � � >� I � � � � � �F� @� � � ( � � %� % � * �� & �� A � � * � � � � , ) - � .� $ ' � � � ( � � �� / � � # � � �! 0 ! �

� 0� � � ?� A � :6 � � � & � * * � � � � � : � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � �� ( � � � * ) � � �� ,

http://www.dtc.umn.edu/~odlyzko/doc/networks.html�


http://www.dtc.umn.edu/~odlyzko/doc/networks.html

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· 2017-04-07 · Presentation write a pen and paper letter more than one piece of paper mailbox postman picks it up Postoffice address envelope My House My Mum english page numbers