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4842-6176-1354
SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
COUNTY OF NEW YORK
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JOSEPH MARIO BICOCCHI and SARA
IVONNE MISHAAN ROSSELL,
Plaintiffs,
- vs –
AMERICAN BILTRITE, INC., et al.,
Defendants.
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New York City Asbestos Litigation
(NYCAL)
Index No.: 190351/16
DEFENDANT PLOVER
REALTY, LLC’S ANSWER TO
PLAINTIFF’S COMPLAINT
Plover Realty, LLC (“Defendant” or “Plover”), by its attorneys, LITTLETON JOYCE
UGHETTA PARK & KELLY LLP, for its Answer to the Plaintiffs’ Complaint (“Complaint”) as
follows:
GENERAL DENIALS
Defendant denies the allegations of the Verified Complaint, Amended Complaint, and
Second Amended Complaint insofar as said documents allege wrongdoing or any tortious conduct
alleged to be attributed to this answering defendant.
THE PARTIES
1. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of the allegations contained in Paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Plaintiffs’ Complaint.
2. Paragraph 4 is not an allegation and no response is required. To the extent a
response is required, Plover denies the allegations contained in Paragraph 4.
3. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in paragraph 5 of the Complaint
to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is without
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knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as they
relate to any other Defendant.
4. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of allegations contained in Paragraphs 6 through 30 of the Complaint.
5. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraph 31 the Complaint
except to admit that Plover was a Foreign Corporation.
6. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of allegations contained in Paragraphs 32 through 39 of the Complaint.
7. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 40 through 41 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant.
8. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 42 of the
Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
9. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 43 through 47 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant.
AS AND FOR A FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION SOUNDING IN NEGLIGENCE
10. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 47 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 48 of the Complaint.
11. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 49 through 56 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
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without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A SECOND CAUSE OF ACTION SOUNDING IN BREACH OF
WARRANTY
12. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 56 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 57 of the Complaint.
13. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 58 through 61 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A THIRD CAUSE OF ACTION SOUNDING IN STRICT LIABILITY
14. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 61 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 62 of the Complaint.
15. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 63 through 71 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A FOURTH CAUSE OF ACTION LABOR LAW VIOLATIONS
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16. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 71 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 72 of the Complaint.
17. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 73 through 90 of
the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A FIFTH CAUSE OF ACTION AGAINST DEFENDANT
METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
18. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 90 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 91 of the Complaint.
19. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of the allegations contained in Paragraphs 92 through 98 of the Complaint.
AS AND FOR A SIXTH CAUSE OF ACTION SOUNDING IN CONSPIRACY AND
COLLECTIVE LIABILITY/CONCERT OF ACTION
20. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 98 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 99 of the Complaint.
21. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 100 through 114
of the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant
is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations
as they relate to any other Defendant.
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AS AND FOR A SEVENTH CAUSE OF ACTION AGAINST ALL DEFENDANT
CONTRACTORS
22. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 114 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 115 of the Complaint.
23. Paragraph 116 is not an allegation and no response is required. To the extent a
response is required, Plover denies the allegations contained in Paragraph 116.
24. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of the allegations contained in Paragraphs 117 through 128 of the Complaint.
AS AND FOR AN EIGHTH CAUSE OF ACTION FOR PREMISES LIABILITY
AGAINST CERTAIN DEFENDANTS
25. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 128 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 129 of the Complaint.
26. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 130 through 144
of the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant
is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations
as they relate to any other Defendant.
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AS AND FOR A NINTH CAUSE OF ACTION JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY
27. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 144 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 145 of the Complaint.
28. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraphs 145 through 157
of the Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant
is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations
as they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A TENTH CAUSE OF ACTION PUNITIVE DAMAGES
29. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 157 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 158 of the Complaint.
30. Plover denies each and every allegation contained in Paragraph 159 of the
Complaint to the extent that such allegations are directed toward this Defendant. Defendant is
without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of these allegations as
they relate to any other Defendant.
AS AND FOR A ELEVENTH CAUSE OF ACTION SPOUSAL LOSS OF CONSORTIUM
31. Plover repeats and reiterates its answers to Paragraphs 1 through 159 of the
Complaint inclusive and incorporates same as if set forth at length herein in response to the
allegations contained in Paragraph 160 of the Complaint.
32. Plover is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth
of the allegations contained in Paragraph 161 of the Complaint.
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33. Plover denies the allegations contained in Paragraph 162 of the Complaint.
WHEREFORE, Defendant demands judgment against Plaintiffs, for:
a) Dismissal, with prejudice, of the Plaintiffs’ Complaint;
b) An award of costs of court and counsel fees;
c) Such other relief as may be equitable and just.
AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES
AS AND FOR A FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
34. The Complaint fails to state a cause of action against Plover.
AS AND FOR A SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
35. This Court lacks jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action.
AS AND FOR A THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
36. The claims are barred by the applicable statute of limitations.
AS AND FOR A FORTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
37. The Court lacks personal jurisdiction over Plover.
AS AND FOR A FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
38. The injuries and/or illnesses, if any, sustained by plaintiff were caused or contributed
to by the fault, negligence and want of care on the part of plaintiff or on the part of
others for whose acts or omission or breach of legal duty Plover is not liable.
AS AND FOR A SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
39. To the extent that plaintiff failed and neglected to maintain this action in a swift,
diligent and/or timely fashion, plaintiff’s claims against Plover are barred by laches.
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AS AND FOR A SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
40. The injuries and/or illnesses of the plaintiff, if any, arose in whole or in part, out of
the risks, hazards and dangers related to the occupations of plaintiff, all of which were
open, obvious and well known to the plaintiff, and any claims against Plover are
therefore barred.
AS AND FOR AN EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
41. To the extent that the injuries and/or illnesses of plaintiff, if any, were caused or
contributed to, in whole or in part, by intervening and superseding causative factors,
the claims against Plover are barred.
AS AND FOR A NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
42. To the extent that all of the alleged products were modified, altered, or in any way
materially varied, which may be causally related to the claims of plaintiff, plaintiff’s
claims against Plover are barred.
AS AND FOR A TENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
43. At all times material hereto, the state of the medical and industrial art was such that
there was no generally accepted or recognized knowledge of any unavoidable, unsafe,
inherently dangerous, or hazardous character or nature of asbestos-containing material
when used in the manner and purpose allegedly described by the plaintiff and,
therefore, there was no duty on the part of Plover to know of any such character or
nature or to warn or protect plaintiff or others similarly situated.
AS AND FOR A ELEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
44. Plaintiff’s claims are barred by the exclusivity of plaintiff’s workers compensation
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remedy.
AS AND FOR A TWELFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
45. Plaintiff’s claims are barred by reason of the Statute of Frauds.
AS AND FOR A THIRTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
46. Plaintiff’s claims are barred by reason of the doctrine waiver.
AS AND FOR A FOURTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
47. Plaintiff’s claims are barred by reason of the doctrine of estoppel.
AS AND FOR A FIFTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
48. To the extent that plaintiff relies on New York Law L. 1986 C. 682 Section 4 as
grounds for maintaining this action, said section is unconstitutional and this action is
time barred.
AS AND FOR A SIXTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
49. Insofar as the claims herein are premised on plaintiff’s claims accruing on or after
September 1, 1975 to recover damages attributable to personal injuries or for
indemnification of such damages, the amount of damages recoverable thereon must
be diminished by reason of the culpable conduct attributable to plaintiff and/or the
other defendants herein, including their comparative negligence and assumption or
risk, in the proportion which the culpable conduct attributable to plaintiff bears to the
culpable conduct which caused the damages.
AS AND FOR A SEVENTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
50. This action does not fall within any exception enumerated in N.Y. C.P.L.R. Article
16, and, if liability of this defendant is found to be 50% or less of the total liability
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assigned to all persons, the liability of this defendant shall not exceed this defendant’s
equitable share determined in accordance with the relative culpability of each person
contributing to the total liability for noneconomic loss.
AS AND FOR AN EIGHTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
51. Plaintiff’s claims are barred because of plaintiff’s failure to join necessary and
indispensable parties.
AS AND FOR A NINETEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
52. Plover is not a party and/or real party in interest in connection with the claims asserted
by plaintiff.
AS AND FOR A TWENTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
53. Plaintiff may not bring this action as he has failed to exhaust all administrative
remedies.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
54. Plaintiff failed to mitigate or otherwise act to lessen or reduce the injuries and
disabilities alleged in Complaint.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
55. The plaintiff contributed to the illnesses, either in whole or in part, by the use of
tobacco products and/or other substances, products, medication or drugs.
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AND FOR A TWENTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
56. At all times relevant to this litigation, the agents, servants and/or employees of Plover
used proper methods in handling the products complained of and conducting its
operations, in conformity with available knowledge, state of the art, and research of
the scientific and industrial communities.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
57. The damages allegedly sustained by the plaintiff were caused, in whole or in part,
through the operation of nature.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
58. To the extent that the plaintiff was exposed to any asbestos product as a result of
conduct by Plover, which is denied, said exposure was de minimis and not a substantial
contributing factor to any asbestos-related disease which such plaintiff may have
developed, thus requiring dismissal of the claims against Plover.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
59. Insofar as Complaint seeks exemplary and/or punitive damages, each such claim is
barred by the due process clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States
Constitution and the New York State Constitution; by prescription of the Eighth
Amendment of the United States Constitution, as applied to the states through the
Fourteenth Amendment and Article I, Section 5 of the New York State Constitution
prohibiting the imposition of excess fines; and by the double jeopardy clause of the
Fifth Amendment of the United States Construction, as applied to the states through
the Fourteenth Amendment, and Article I, Section 6 of the New York State
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Constitution.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
60. All defenses which have been or will be asserted by other defendants in this action are
adopted and incorporated by reference as if fully set forth at length herein as defenses
of the Complaint. In addition, Plover will rely upon any and all other further defenses
which become available or appear during discovery proceedings in this action and
hereby respectfully reserves the right to amend its answer for the purposes of asserting
any such additional defenses.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
61. If the plaintiff sustained damages as alleged, such damages occurred while he was
engaged in activities into which he entered, knowing the hazard, risk and danger of
the activities, and he/she assumed the risks incidental and attended thereto.
AS AND FOR A TWENTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
62. No acts or omissions of Plover proximately caused any damages.
AS AND FOR A THIRTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
63. Any asbestos-containing product that may have been present at the plaintiff’s job
locations was placed in any such locations and/or buildings upon specification,
approval or at the instruction of governmental or legislative agencies or bodies.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
64. At all times alleged in Complaint, Plover followed the plans, specifications and
contracts set by a governmental body and did not deviate from said plans,
specifications and contracts and is thus cloaked with immunity.
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AS AND FOR A THIRTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
65. Plover is not liable to the plaintiff for the damages alleged in Complaint because such
damages are excluded and not recoverable under express warranty.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
66. Plover denies that the asbestos products alleged in Complaint are products within the
meaning and scope of the Restatement (Second) of Torts 402A and, as such,
Complaint fails to state a cause of action in strict products liability.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
67. Plover had no knowledge or reason to know of any alleged risks associated with
asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products at any time during the periods
complained of.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
68. The injuries allegedly suffered by the plaintiff are due to an idiosyncratic reaction on
the part of the plaintiff. As such, Plover is not responsible therefore.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
69. Exposure to asbestos fibers attributable to Plover is so minimal so as to be insufficient
to establish a reasonable degree of probability that the products are capable of causing
injury or damages and must be considered speculative as a matter of law.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
70. If Plover was on notice of any hazard or defect for which the plaintiff seeks relief,
which Plover denies, plaintiff also had such notice and is thereby barred from
recovery.
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AS AND FOR A THIRTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
71. There is no justiciable issue or controversy.
AS AND FOR A THIRTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
72. The claims for damages have not accrued and are merely speculative, uncertain and
contingent.
AS AND FOR A FOURTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
73. The plaintiff has acted voluntarily, unnecessarily, prematurely and with no evidence
of injury to anyone at any job locations.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
74. None of the alleged injuries or damages was foreseeable at the time of the acts or
omissions alleged in the plaintiff’s Complaint.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
75. The plaintiff was warned of the risk of exposure to use of asbestos-containing
materials.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
76. The plaintiff’s cause of action for exemplary or punitive damages is barred because
such damages are not recoverable or warranted in this action.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
77. The plaintiff’s demand for punitive damages is barred by the ex post facto clause of
the United States Constitution.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
78. At all times relevant to this litigation, Plover complied with all applicable laws,
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regulations and standards.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
79. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of collateral
estoppel.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
80. Any damages which may have been sustained by the plaintiff were caused and
contributed to by reason of the negligence of the plaintiff.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
81. Any damages which may have been sustained by the plaintiff were contributed to, in
whole or in part, by the conduct of the plaintiff.
AS AND FOR A FOURTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
82. If the plaintiff sustained injuries in the manner alleged, all of which has been denied
by Plover, the liability of Plover, if any, should be limited in accordance with Article
16 of the Civil Practice Law and Rules.
AS AND FOR A FIFTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
83. Plover denies that the plaintiff had any exposure to any asbestos product
manufactured, installed, supplied, developed, tested, fashioned, packaged, distributed,
delivered, sold and/or otherwise placed in the stream of commerce, if any, by it, and
more particularly, denies that Plover manufactured, installed, supplied, developed,
tested, fashioned, packaged, distributed, delivered, sold, and/or otherwise placed in
the stream of commerce, any asbestos product at the time and upon the dates alleged
in Complaint.
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AS AND FOR A FIFTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
84. Plover had no duty to plaintiff or has performed each and every duty, if any, owing to
plaintiff.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
85. Plaintiff neither used nor was exposed to any asbestos-containing product
manufactured, assembled, installed, distributed, sold and/or supplied by Plover.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
86. The claims of plaintiff, if any, are barred by the provisions of 29 C.F.R. §
1910.1001(g) (2) relating to asbestos or the use thereof.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
87. Plover was never a member of any asbestos trade association and has no liability or
knowledge that might have arisen therefrom.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
88. Plover did not manufacture, process, or produce any asbestos materials and has no
liability that might have arisen therefrom.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
89. If Plover incorporated into its products any asbestos-containing materials supplied by
others, such asbestos was fully encapsulated, was not friable and would not and did
not cause harm to plaintiff.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
90. This action is barred by virtue of the four year Statute of Limitations prescribed by
Section 2-725 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and other applicable
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statutes of limitation; by virtue of failure of plaintiff to give requisite notice to Plover
under Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code, insofar as a cause of action is
alleged for breach of warranty or warranties, express or implied; as well as by virtue
of the absence of privity or of any contractual relationship between the plaintiff and
Plover.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
91. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of arbitration and
award.
AS AND FOR A FIFTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
92. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of discharge in
bankruptcy.
AS AND FOR A SIXTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
93. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of payment.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
94. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of release.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
95. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained because of res judicata.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
96. Some or all of the causes of action may not be maintained against this defendant
because of the government contractor defense. See Boyle v. United Technologies, 487
U.S. 500 (1980).
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AS AND FOR A SIXTY-FORTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
97. Plaintiff has failed to plead any basis for claims of misrepresentation, deliberate
concealment or fraud against Plover, much less state claims with the specificity
required by the Civil Practice Law and Rules.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
98. In the event plaintiff recovers a verdict or judgment against Plover, the said verdict or
judgment must be reduced pursuant to N.Y. C.P.L.R. 4545(c) by those amounts which
have been, or will, with reasonable certainty, replace or indemnify plaintiff, in whole
or in part, for any past or future claimed economic source such as insurance, social
security, workers’ compensation or employee benefits programs.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
99. Plover hereby invokes the provisions of Article 50-B of the Civil Practice Law
And Rules.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
100. Plaintiff failed to effectuate proper service of process on Plover.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
101. Plover avers that venue is improper.
AS AND FOR A SIXTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
102. If the plaintiff is barred from recovery, the action of her husband is also barred because
it is a derivative action.
AS AND FOR A SEVENTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
103. Plover reserves the right to assert any and/or all applicable affirmative defenses which
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discovery may reveal appropriate.
AS AND FOR A SEVENTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE
104. This Court is considered a forum non conveniens for Plover with respect to each and
every Count contained in plaintiffs’ Complaint.
CROSS-CLAIMS
Defendant asserts the following by way of cross-claims:
1. If Plaintiffs sustained damages at the time and place set forth in Complaint through
carelessness, recklessness, and/or negligence other than that of Plaintiffs themselves, including,
but not limited to, the manufacture and distribution of asbestos product, breach of warranty or
misrepresentations, either express or implied, and in strict liability in tort, these damages will have
been caused and brought about by reason of the carelessness, recklessness, and/or negligence of
the co-defendants and/or third-party, with indemnification and/or contribution to Plover
Equipment Corporation, as implied-in-fact or implied-in-law.
2. If Plover Equipment Corporation is found liable as to Plaintiffs and/or any third-
party Plaintiffs for the injuries and damages set forth Complaint and/or in a third-party Complaint,
the said co-defendants and third-party defendants will be liable jointly and severally to Plover
Equipment Corporation and will be bound to fully indemnify Plover Equipment Corporation.
3. Plover Equipment Corporation is entitled to contribution, in whole or in part, from
each of the co-defendants and third-party defendants now or hereafter named herein, together with
the costs and disbursements incurred in the defense of this action.
4. If Plaintiffs should recover a judgment against Plover Equipment Corporation, by
operation of law or otherwise, Plover Equipment Corporation will be entitled to judgment,
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contribution and/or indemnity over and against the co-defendants, their agents, servants and/or
employees, by reason of their carelessness, recklessness, and/or negligence for the amount of any
such recovery, or a portion thereof, in accordance with principles of law regarding apportionment
of fault and damages, along with costs, disbursements and reasonable expenses of the investigation
and defense of this action, including reasonable attorney’s fees.
WHEREFORE, Plover Equipment Corporation demands judgment dismissing Complaint
with costs and disbursements, and in the event of any judgment against Plover Equipment
Corporation, it demands judgment, contribution and/or indemnity over and against the co-
defendants for the amount of any such recovery or a portion thereof, in accordance with the
principles of law regarding apportionment of fault and damages, along with costs and
disbursements, including reasonable attorney fees.
Dated: Purchase, New York
August 4, 2017
LITTLETON JOYCE UGHETTA PARK & KELLY LLP
BY: /s/ Diane H. Miller_______________
Diane H. Miller, Esq.
Attorneys for Defendant, Plover Realty, LLC
The Centre at Purchase
4 Manhattanville Road, Suite 220
Purchase, New York 10577
Phone: (914) 417-3400
Fax: (914) 417-3401
File No.: 04200.00001
To: Belluck and Fox, LLP
All Counsel of Record
See attached Service Rider for List of Defendants
FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 08/04/2017 03:51 PM INDEX NO. 190351/2016
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 77 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 08/04/2017
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ATTORNEY’S VERIFICATION
The undersigned, an attorney admitted to practice in the Courts of New York State,
shows:
That deponent is a member of the firm LITTLETON JOYCE UGHETTA PARK &
KELLY LLP, counsel for defendant PLOVER REALTY, LLC in the within action;
That deponent has read the foregoing Answer and knows the contents thereof; that the
same is true to deponent's knowledge, except as to the matters therein stated to be alleged upon
information and belief, and that as to those matters deponent believes it to be true; and
That this verification is made by deponent and not by defendant is because said defendant
is a foreign corporation, and its offices are outside of the county where the deponent maintains
her office.
The undersigned affirms that the foregoing statements are true, under penalties of perjury.
Dated: Purchase, New York
August 4, 2017
LITTLETON JOYCE UGHETTA PARK & KELLY LLP
Attorneys for Defendant, Plover Realty, LLC
BY: /s/ Diane H. Miller_________________________
Diane H. Miller
FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 08/04/2017 03:51 PM INDEX NO. 190351/2016
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 77 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 08/04/2017
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FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 08/04/2017 03:51 PM INDEX NO. 190351/2016
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 77 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 08/04/2017
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FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 08/04/2017 03:51 PM INDEX NO. 190351/2016
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 77 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 08/04/2017
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