CONTENTS · 2016-01-04 · Noor Ashikin Jamil*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Rafidah Hasan 1200 33 M041320018 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE TREATED OF PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER FROM JOSAPINE

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CONTENTS ABOUT PRiSME2016 2 MESSAGE FROM DEAN

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COMMITTEES

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PROGRAMME SCHEDULE

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PRESENTATION SCHEDULE

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ABSTRACT LIST

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ABOUT PRiSME2016 The Postgraduate Research Symposium on Mechanical Engineering 2016 (PRiSME2016) is jointly organized by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FKM) and the Centre for Advanced Research on Energy (CARe), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). This symposium is officially hosted by the FKM Postgraduate Committee. The event will take place at Kampus Teknologi UTeM on 05 January 2016. PRiSME provides an opportunity for graduate students to explore and share their research interests, under the guidance of a panel of distinguished experts in the field. The symposium has three primary objectives:

1. To provide a platform for postgraduate students to share their research progress in a friendly environment.

2. To provide opportunities for postgraduate students and participants to receive informal in-depth feedback through discussions, and to enable them to establish contact with other postgraduate students.

3. To help students strategize about their research and dissertation, as well as publication of their research in peer-reviewed journals.

In accordance with our regulations for Annual Review of Postgraduate Research Students, attendance and presentation at the Symposium is complusory for all registered, full-time research and mixed-mode students (attendance is not compulsory for part-time students, or students in their waiting for viva-voce). However, for first year research students and third semester mixed-mode students, they can deliver a presentation of their research proposal if there is no research progress work yet. This year, 76 postgraduate students of FKM will make a presentation in this symposium. The presentation materials does not need to be a finished piece of work. The intention is that this exercise should be useful for postgraduate students, both in terms of clarifying their own ideas and gaining more experience of presenting them, and in allowing them to benefit from the questions and comments of those in attendance.

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MESSAGE FROM DEAN

Assalamu’alaikum wrt. wbt, and Salam 1Malaysia, I would like to express warmest welcome to all participants to the Postgraduate Research Symposium on Mechanical Engineering

2016 (PRiSME2016), which is jointly organized by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FKM) and Centre for Advanced Research on Energy (CARe), UTeM. The faculty has been successfully organizing the Postgraduate research seminar since 2011 and this year the seminar incorporates symposium format. With the current change, it is hoped that the symposium will serve as an effective platform for research students to present their progress while ensuring valuable constructive feedback from the expert members in each research group. Organizing a symposium is important as it promotes conducive research atmosphere in the faculty and also ensures many significant research findings generated from respective research projects. Our sincere thanks to all supervisors, student members of each research group, lecturers and our support staff who contribute their efforts to make this symposium a beneficial experience for everyone. I would also like to congratulate the PRiSME2016 organizing committees for making this symposium a success. I am sure with the previous experience; the committee will certainly implement substantial improvements and innovations to make this event more productive and interesting. Finally, I hope the input received from PRiSME2016 will encouragingly increase the quality and timeliness of the students’ research, leading to a successful viva and outstanding publications. Thank you.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Noreffendy Bin Tamaldin

Dean Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UTeM

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COMMITTEES

PATRON

ASSOC. PROF. DR. NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN

Dean of FKM

DR. ABD. RAHMAN BIN DULLAH Deputy Dean (Research & Graduate

Studies) of FKM

DR. RUZTAMREEN BIN JENAL Deputy Dean (Academic) of FKM

SYMPOSIUM CHAIRS

DR. MOHD FADZLI BIN ABDOLLAH

FKM Postgraduate Committee

DR. TEE BOON TUAN

FKM Postgraduate Committee

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PRESENTATION SCHEDULE

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A1DATE / DAY : 05 JANUARY 2016 (TUESDAY)

TIME : 0900 - 1030

VENUE : LECTURE ROOM 1 (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY COMPLEX)

PANEL I : PROF. DR. GHAZALI BIN OMAR

PANEL II : DR. REDUAN BIN MAT DAN

TIME #ID MATRIC NO. TITLE / AUTHORS

0900 1 M041420002INVESTIGATION OF ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION USING WASTE FEEDSTOCK BIODIESEL - TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCELee Shing Chuan*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

0915 2 M041510034TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE TEXTURED PALM KERNEL ACTIVATED CARBON COMPOSITEMartini Mohmad*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Noreffendy Tamaldin

0930 4 M041320016EFFECT OF FRICTION COEFFICIENT ON DIFFERENT TYPES AND TREATMENTS OF KENAF/EPOXY COMPOSITESAshafi’e Mustafa*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Hilmi Amiruddin

0945 11 M041310001EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICATING PROPERTIES OF WASTE COOKING OIL WITH BANANA PEELS BROTHMohd Zakwan Mohd Razi*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Nur Rashid Mat Nuri

1000 36 M041320020

SURFACE DURABILITY OF OIL PALM FIBERS AND KENAF FIBERS COMPOSITE AT VARIOUS TEMPERATUREFairuz Fazillah Shuhimi*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Md Abul Kalam

1015 58 M041410006PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PALM KERNEL ACTIVATED CARBON-EPOXY COMPOSITEAhmed Qays*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

*Presenter

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TIME : 0900 - 1030


PANEL I : DR. ADNAN BIN ROSELI

PANEL II : DR. NAZRI BIN MD DAUD


0900 7 M041510029

CORRELATION OF RON 95 & RON 97 GRADE FUEL PROPERTIES TO ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONAizuddin Fahmi Mohd Riduan*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin

0915 8 M041510005DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIESEL HYDROGEN POWERED ENGINEMohamad Nordin Mohamad Norani*, Tee Boon Tuan, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria

0930 9 M041310028

PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEN ENRICHMENT IN LIGHT DUTY SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINEMohammad Nazry Rosley*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin

0945 63 M041510030TECHNIQUE USING PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER (PCC) TO IMPROVE ENGINE PERFORMANCE FOR NATURAL GASKhairil Amri Tajuddin*, Musthafah Mohd Tahir

1000 64 M041510036SPATIAL INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF THE FLOW SEPARATION WITHIN THE AUTOMOTIVE CATALYST MONOLITHSMastura Mutafa*, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin, Noreffendy Tamaldin

1015 69 M041510032TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN OSCILLATORY FLOW ACROSS INTERNAL STRUCTURES USED IN THERMOACOUSTICSSiti Hajar Adni Mustaffa*, Fatimah Al-Zahrah Mohd Sa'at, Ernie Mat Tokit

*Presenter

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TIME : 0900 - 1030


PANEL I : DR. FATIMAH AL-ZAHRAH BINTI MOHD SA'AT

PANEL II : DR. YUSMADY BIN MOHAMED ARIFIN


0900 16 M041310030AN EFFECT OF STORAGE DURATION ON HIGH BLENDING RATIO BIODIESEL PROPERTIES AT VARIANT TEMPERATUREHumairak Mohamad Yusof*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Ruztamreen Jenal

0915 65 M041510014

SYNTHESIS OF CNF-BASED NANO-COOLANT AS HEAT TRANSFER MEDIA FOR OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRONIC CHIP PERFORMANCESyazwani Zainal Abidin*, Imran Syakir Mohamad, Ahmad Yusairi Bani Hashim, Norli Abdullah, Amirah Abdullah

0930 66 M041510013STABILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBE AND THERMAL PROPERTIESAmirah Abdullah*, Imran Syakir Mohamad, Ahmad Yusairi Bani Hashim

0945 68 M041410031THE ADVANCEMENT OF WATER HYDRAULIC SYSTEMSaiful Akmal Sabaruddin*, Ahmad Anas Yusof, Mohd Noor Asril Saadun

1000 70 M041420008OPTIMISING THE COMFORT IN MOTORCYCLE HELMET BY THERMAL/MOISTURE MAPPINGMuhammad Tarmizi Adam*, Abd Rahman Dullah, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin

1015 71 M041310008THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF µPCM/MWCNT COMPOSITES IN DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURESAdli Zil Ikram Abdullah*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin

*Presenter

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TIME : 0900 - 1030


PANEL I : DR. SITI HAJAR BIN SHEIKH MD FADZULLAH

PANEL II : DR. ABDUL MUNIR HIDAYAT SYAH LUBIS


0900 3 P041420002

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE BIO OIL EXTRACTED FROM BANANA PEEL WASTESHusna A. Hamid*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Rafidah Hasan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Ghazali Omar

0915 5 M041320001BANANA PEEL AS AN ADDITIVE IN PARAFFIN OILJuliana Basiron*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

0930 10 M041510015

FRICTIONAL MECHANISMS OF PALM KERNEL ACTIVATED CARBON-EPOXY (PKAC-E) COMPOSITES BY PHASE TRANSFORMATION STUDYDayang Nor Fatin Mahmud*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan

0945 14 M041510035

NEW APPROACH OF EMMISION REDUCTION BASED ON SOOT PARTICLE ANALYSISMohd Aznan Abdul Latif*, Ahmad Anas Yusof, Ahmad Zaki Shukor, Aiman Roslizar

1000 24 M041420010GRAIN SIZE AND MOISTURE CONTENT INFLUENCE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES YOUNG COCONUT WASTE FOR PELLETIZATIONNur Dalilah Mohd Zamri*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Norain Idris

1015 49 M041410015

TRIBOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ECO-FRIENDLY BIODEGRADABLE NOVEL BIO-LUBRICANTSHayder Saad Oleiwi Al-Nasrawi*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

*Presenter

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B1DATE / DAY : 05 JANUARY 2016 (TUESDAY)

TIME : 1100 - 1230


PANEL I : DR. MOHD BASRI BIN ALI

PANEL II : IR. DR. MOHD RIZAL BIN ALKAHARI


1100 53 M041310010

INVESTIGATION OF BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES CHARACTERISATION OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE USING EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL METHODSNur Hikmah Hashim*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif, Roszaidi Ramlan

1115 54 M041510031NEW APPROACH OF RESIN TRANSFER MOULDING (RTM) OF LAMINATE COMPOSITEZailinda Abdullah*, Ahmad Rivai

1130 56 P041410001COMPARISON ON USING VARTM AND COMPRESSION MOULDING FOR FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE TUBINGSaijod T.W. Lau*, Md Radzai Said, Mohd Yuhazri Yaacob

1145 57 M041310023COMPRESSION MOULDING PARAMETERS FOR MULTI FILLER POLYMER COMPOSITE USING TAGUCHI METHODNoor Ashikin Jamil*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Rafidah Hasan

1200 33 M041320018

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE TREATED OF PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER FROM JOSAPINE CULTIVAR REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITESAyu Natasya Kasim*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd Daud, Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob, Azma Putra, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam

1215 62 P041510001AXIAL CRUSHING CHARACTERISTICS OF CIRCULAR AND SQUARE TUBES UNDER QUASI-STATIC LOADING- A LITERATURE REVIEWNoor Dina Ghazali*, Md Radzai Said

*Presenter

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TIME : 1100 - 1230


PANEL I : DR. FAIZ REDZA BIN RAMLI

PANEL II : DR. ROSZAIDI BIN RAMLAN


1100 17 M041420006

INFLUENCES OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION ON THE CRASH PERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTRosmia Mohd Amman*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Ismail Abu Shah, Mohd Faizal Halim, Saiful Naim Sulaiman

1115 18 M041510024A HUMAN FACTOR INVESTIGATION OF A LIGHTWEIGHT HYBRID VEHICLE TO ACHIEVE PASSENGER COMFORTNur Juliana Zawawi*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Siti Nurhaida Khalil

1130 19 M041410027THE EFFECT OF HUMAN WEIGHT ON SPINAL FACET JOINTS USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSISRaed Ali Mohammad*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif

1145 20 M041410014PRELIMINARY RESULT OF FEA ON A NOVEL SHAPE CHANGING WINGMohsin A. Hassan*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin

1200 21 M041310013ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN PIEZO TRANSDUCER FOR RAPID NONDESTRUCTIVE INSPECTIONIlham Hadi Syahril*, Nor Salim Muhammad, Ruztamreen Jenal

1215 26 M041320004THE SEGMENTATION PROCESS OF A NEW SHAPE-CHANGING FLAP OF MULTI-ELEMENT AIRFOIL USING A SHAPECHANGER SOFTWAREMohammad Hazrin Ismail*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Mohd Nizam Sudin

*Presenter

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TIME : 1100 - 1230


PANEL I : MR. SAFARUDIN GAZALI HERAWAN

PANEL II : IR. DR. TAN CHEE FAI


1100 27 M041410033CHARACTERIZATION OF MRI IMAGES FOR ARTICULAR CARTILAGEYew Wansin*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif, Norhashimah Mohd Saad

1115 25 RANOVEL PREDICTIVE RELIABILITY MODEL USING SMALL HYDROPOWER OPTIMIZATION TOOLS FOR PERFORMANCE INVESTIGATIONMashitah Razi*, Mohd Asri Yusuff, Tee Boon Tuan

1130 28 M041510023ANALYSIS ON CONSOLIDATION AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 3D METAL PRINTED COMPONENTSNor Ana Rosli*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli

1145 29 M041510025MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF PARTS FABRICATED VIA OPEN SOURCE 3D PRINTERSiti Najatul Aishah Majid*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli

1200 31 M041510022LAYER ADHESION OF FUSED FILAMENT FABRICATION USING BIO-ADHESIVE ON PRINTING BED TO ENHANCE THE MANUFACTURABILITYMuhammad Afdhal Nazan*, Faiz Redza Ramli, Mohd Rizal Alkahari

1215 38 M041320017CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE ACROSS SYNOVIAL JOINTYusra Liyana Jaafar*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir

*Presenter

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TIME : 1100 - 1230


PANEL I : DR. SIVAKUMAR A/L DHAR MALINGAM

PANEL II : DR. MOHD NUR AZMI BIN NORDIN


1100 30 M041420003THE EFFECT OF SURFACE TEXTURED PISTON RINGS ON REDUCING ENGINE FUEL CONSUMPTIONNurul Atiqah Mohd Lazim*, Rafidah Hasan, Sushella Edayu Mat Kamal

1115 34 M041420007A NEW METHOD OF PREDICTING THE AMOUNT OF DEPOSITED ELECTROSPUN FIBRES USING IMAGE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUEFaizah Che Long*, Nurfaizey Abdul Hamid, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd Daud

1130 35 M041510011FATIGUE LIFE BEHAVIOUR OF FIBERGLASS REINFORCED COMPOSITES SUBJECTED TO VARIABLE AMPLITUDE LOADINGSRoy Hanson Jimit*, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria, Omar Bapokutty

1145 37 M041410030ALUMINIUM HONEYCOMB UNDER QUASI-STATIC LATERAL LOADING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDYAbd Jumaidi Chuli*, Md Radzai Said

1200 40 M041410032ANALYSIS OF SURFACE DIFFUSIVITIES FOR BORONIZING TREATMENT ON CONTOURED SURFACENurul Hidayah Omar*, Rafidah Hasan, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan

1215 44 M041320021FABRICATE FLOW CHANNEL ON CONDUCTING POLYMER COMPOSITE BIPOLAR PLATE THROUGH HOT COMPRESSION MOLDINGMuhammad Yusri Md Yusuf*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Jaafar Sahari

*Presenter

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C1DATE / DAY : 05 JANUARY 2016 (TUESDAY)

TIME : 1400 - 1545


PANEL I : DR. SHAMSUL ANUAR BIN SHAMSUDIN

PANEL II : DR. NOR SALIM BIN MUHAMMAD


1400 6 M041410034FIELD TEST OF REGENERATIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM ON AN ACTUAL VEHICLEJazli Firdaus Jamil*, Mohd Azman Abdullah, Ahmed Ishmael Mohan

1415 15 M041510001A MODELLING OF ANN TO PREDICT THE OUTPUT POWER OF AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST WASTE HEAT RECOVERYKamarulhelmy Talib*, Safarudin Gazali Herawan

1430 22 M041410035ENERGY AUDIT ON CAR ELECTRICAL CHARGING SYSTEM AT IDLE ENGINERozdman Khaidir Mazlan*, Reduan Mat Dan, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria

1445 23 M041220008MODELING OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BEAM PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTER SYSTEM FROM BASE EXCITATIONSidik Susilo*, Azma Putra, Kok Swee Leong

1500 32 M041510007

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION USING CONDITION BASED-MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES ON COATING APPLICATION IN IMPROVING GEARS LIFEAbdul Hakim Abdul Hamid*, Reduan Mat Dan, Ahmad Fuad Ab Ghani

1515 67 M041410036POSITION CONTROL ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF TELE-OPERATED ELECTRO HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR (T-EHA)Hamdan Sulaiman*, Ahmad Anas Yusof, Noor Asril Saadun

1530 61 M041410016DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF OPTIMAL 3-D PRINTED STRUCTUREAmer Adil Andulkareem*, Faiz Redza Ramli

*Presenter

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TIME : 1400 - 1545


PANEL I : DR. MOHD ZULKEFLI BIN SELAMAT

PANEL II : DR. OMAR BIN BAPOKUTTY


1400 41 M041410013LATERAL CRUSHING OF CIRCULAR TUBE SYSTEMS UNDER LOADING CONDITIONSOmar Abdul Hasa*, Md Radzai Said

1415 42 M041410012AXIAL CRUSHING OF TUBE WITH AND WITHOUT HOLESMinah Mohammed Fareed*, Md Radzai Said

1430 43 M041510010THE INVESTIGATION ON FATIGUE LIFE BEHAVIOUR OF HYBID FIBRE-METAL-LAMINATE (FML) STRUCTURENg Lin Feng*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria

1445 45 M041510021

THE EFFECT OF PLA MATRIX ARCHITECTURE ON THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF PLA-BASED DEGRADABLE BIOCOMPOSITESSiti Nur Rabiatutadawiah Ramli*, Siti Hajar Sheikh Md Fadzullah, Zaleha Mustafa

1500 46 P041110001MESH SIZE AND FRICTIONAL FORCE EFFECTS ON SIMULATION OF ALUMINIUM HONEYCOMB UNDER QUASI-STATIC LOADINGAlif Zulfakar Pokaad*, Md Radzai Said

1515 47 M041510006INVESTIGATION ON FATIGUE LIFE CHARACTERISTIC AND FAILURE PROBABILITY SUBJECTED TO VARIABLE AMPLITUDE LOADINGFadrah Hanim Ad Suhadak*, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria, Mohd Basri Ali

1530 52 M041310025TENSILE PROPERTIES OF NOVEL OIL PALM FIBRE REINFORCED METAL LAMINATE SYSTEMSNur Fadzila Hussain*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd daud

*Presenter

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TIME : 1400 - 1545


PANEL I : DR. RAFIDAH BINTI HASAN

PANEL II : DR. MOHD AHADLIN BIN MOHD DAUD


1400 60 M041320019

EFFECT OF PP TYPE ON G/CB/CNTS/PP COMPOSITE PROPERTIES AS BIPOLAR PLATE FOR PEM FUEL CELLAninorbaniyah Bairan*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Siti Norbaya Sahadan, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Noraiham Mohamad

1415 39 M041410008

TENSILE STUDY ON WOVEN KENAF FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITE WITH DIFFERENT STACKING ANGLENaziatul Fazilah Mohd Zalani*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat

1430 48 M041410007IMPACT TEST SIMULATION USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEA) FOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTHikmah Zainuddin*, Mohd Basri Ali

1445 50 M041510012ANALYSIS OF IMPACT DURATION FROM CHARPY IMPACT SIGNALNurlaela Muhammad Said*, Mohd Basri Ali, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria

1500 51 P041420001CONCURRENT CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF NATURAL FIBRE METAL LAMINATE COMPOSITES FOR CAR FRONT HOODNoordiana Mohd Ishak*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Muhd Ridzuan Mansor

1515 55 M041420005THE EFFECTS OF CARBON BLACK LOADING ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES FOR THE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDIntan Raihan Asni Rosszainily*, Mohd Azli Salim, Musthafah Mohd Tahir

1530 59 M041410011STUDY THE STRENGTH AND POROSITY OF 3D PRINTED MATERIALSHiyam Adil Habeeb*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli

*Presenter

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TIME : 1400 - 1545


PANEL I : DR. MOHD KHAIRI BIN MOHAMED NOR

PANEL II : DR. MD FAHMI BIN ABD SAMAD@MAHMOOD


1400 12 M041410010THE IMPROVEMENT AND LABORATORY TESTING OF REGENERATIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEMAhmed Esmael Mohan*, Mohd Azman Abdullah, Jazli Firdaus Jamil

1415 13 M041510033

INVESTIGATE VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS ON BALL BEARING OPERATED WITH HEXAGONAL BARON NITRIDE (hBN) NANOPARTICLE ADDITIVESNoor Shakinah Rudzlan Apandi*, Rainah Ismail, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

1430 72 M041320002

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TRANSDUCTION COEFFICIENT PERFORMANCE OF A NONLINEAR ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTERP.S. Low*, R. Ramlan, N.S. Muhammad

1445 73 M041320003PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SOUND ABSORBER UTILIZING LOLLIPOP STICKSFazlin Abd Khair*, Azma Putra, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor

1500 74 M041410029PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTIC OF SOUND RADIATION FROM BEAM-STIFFENED PLATESLim Kah Hei*, Roszaidi Ramlan, Azma Putra

1515 75 M041410028ENHANCING SOUND ABSORPTION OF COIR FIBERS USING KAPOK FIBERSLim Zhi Ying*, Azma Putra, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor, Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob

1530 76 M041310019OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH FIBERS AS SUSTAINABLE ACOUSTIC MATERIALOr Khai Hee*, Azma Putra, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat

*Presenter

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ABSTRACT LIST

Postgraduate Research Symposium on Mechanical Engineering 2016 05 January 2016 | Kampus Teknologi UTeM

ID: 1

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INVESTIGATION OF ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION

USING WASTE FEEDSTOCK BIODIESEL - TRIBOLOGICAL

PERFORMANCE

Lee Shing Chuan*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

*Email: [email protected]

Keywords: Biodiesel; Lubricity; Four-ball test

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the tribological performance of waste feedstock biodiesel in diesel fuel delivery system. Design/methodology/approach – Tribological performance of the biodiesel was tested using a four-ball tirbometer at various range of temperatures and loads. The coefficient of friction was calculated using an equation based on the friction torque and load generated while the wear scar diameter was measured using a portable microscope. Findings – With addition of 5% biodiesel regardless of waste feedstock, the coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter reduced significantly compared to pure diesel fuel. However, another addition of 5% to 10% biodiesel showed minimal reduction of coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter compared to 5% biodiesel fuel. Originality/value – Diesel fuel delivery system can enjoy the benefit of this waste feedstock biodiesel as this biodiesel able to lubricate fuel pump and fuel injector. However, this benefit can be enjoyed only if the biodiesel is added up to 5% volume.


ID: 2

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TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE TEXTURED

PALM KERNEL ACTIVATED CARBON COMPOSITE

Martini Mohmad*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Noreffendy Tamaldin



Keywords: Micro-dimple size; Tribological test

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the tribological characteristics of surface textured palm kernel activated carbon (PKAC) composite. Design/methodology/approach – The blended and sieved PKAC will be mixed with epoxy to form a disc. Mechanical test and surface texturing will be conducted on the disc. Then, the tribological test will be performed using a ball-on-disc tribometer under starved lubrication at room temperature all test will be performed under different load. Findings – New scientific knowledge on the effects of micro-dimple size on the tribological characteristics of surface textured PKAC composite can be obtained and predominant frictional wear mechanisms can also be identified. A proposal of severe-mild wear transition map of surface textured PKAC composite could help material design engineer avoids premature component failures. Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies will show the potential of surface textured PKAC composite in controlling the friction and wear and could help material design engineer avoids premature component failures through the severe-mild wear transition map.


ID: 3

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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE BIO OIL EXTRACTED FROM

BANANA PEEL WASTES

Husna A. Hamid*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Rafidah Hasan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Ghazali Omar

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,

Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia


Keywords: Bio oil; Banana peel waste; Chemical properties

ABSTRACT Purpose – The extracted bio oil was aimed to be further used as a bio lubricant and or as an additive. Design/methodology/approach – Extraction method was done using soxhlet extraction method. The chemical properties were performed using FT-IR and telescope goniometer. Findings – Novel bio oil had been successfully extracted from banana peel wastes using soxhlet extraction method. Comparative studies of chemical properties of extracted novel bio oil had been studies. Originality/value – Novel bio oil from the banana peel waste.


ID: 4

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EFFECT OF FRICTION COEFFICIENT ON DIFFERENT TYPES AND

TREATMENTS OF KENAF/EPOXY COMPOSITES

Ashafi’e Mustafa*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Hilmi Amiruddin



Keywords: Kenaf; Polymer Composite; Tribology

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effect friction coefficient on different types and treatments of kenaf/epoxy composites as an alternative friction material. Design/methodology/approach – All specimens were formed into 10-mm diameter pins. The tribological test was conducted using a pin-on-disk tribometer according to ASTM 99a. The surface worn morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), profilometer and shore D durometer. The results obtained were also compared with conventional friction material. Findings – The results show that kenaf powder and untreated kenaf fibre epoxy based composites are in the range of friction coefficient (0.4-0.5) of conventional friction material. However, the treated kenaf fibre effectively reduced friction coefficient and enhanced its stability with sliding distance. Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrated the potential of kenaf/epoxy composites as an alternative friction material for automotive industry.


ID: 5

24 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

BANANA PEEL AS AN ADDITIVE IN PARAFFIN OIL

Juliana Basiron*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah



Keywords: Banana peel; Coefficient of friction; Wear volume losses

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effect of load and temperature to the tribology characteristics in terms of friction and wear. Design/methodology/approach – To investigate the effect of load and temperature,friction and wear are performed under different loads (60 N, 250 N and 500 N) and temperatures (27°C, 80°C and 100°C) using four ball tester and inverted microscope respectively.The results of the experiment are analysed by using the graphical and analytical approaches. Findings – The comparison between the paraffin oils and lubricant additive (banana peel) are evaluated to determine the optimal load and temperature.Lubricant additive experiences a reduce of the percentage of coefficient of friction to 87.9%.Meanwhile, the presence of banana peel in paraffin oils increases the percentage of wear volume losses to 85.4%. Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies, indicate the potential of banana peel as alternative additive for lubricant.


ID: 6

25 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

FIELD TEST OF REGENERATIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM ON AN

ACTUAL VEHICLE

Jazli Firdaus Jamil*, Mohd Azman Abdullah, Ahmed Ishmael Mohan



Keywords: Regenerative suspension; Hybrid; Electric vehicle

ABSTRACT Purpose – To test the regenerative suspension system harvesting energy from the vertical vibration on an actual vehicle. Design/methodology/approach – The testing is made on the actual vehicle by attaching the regenerative suspension system on the original vehicle suspension system. The test is set to used three different diameters of coil and four different value of resistors with the same road used for each test. Findings – The tests showed that the highest voltage produced by the regenerative suspension system is about 17 Volt. The road surface and driving maneuver affects the reading of the voltage. The diameter of the coil and the value of the resistor plays important role to maximize the reading of the voltage. Originality/value – The regenerative suspension system tests showed that the system can be used on actual vehicle to harvest energy. This system can be useful and alternative way for the hybrid and electric vehicle to charge the battery.


ID: 7

26 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

CORRELATION OF RON 95 & RON 97 GRADE FUEL PROPERTIES

TO ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION

Aizuddin Fahmi Mohd Riduan*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin



Keywords: Fuel properties; Engine performance; Emission

ABSTRACT Purpose – To analyze different fuel properties available in the market and finding relationship between its attributes to engine performance and emission. Design/methodology/approach – The research was divided into two parts, investigation of fuel characteristics and engine performance testing. Fuel properties such as density, kinematic viscosity, and energy content were examined using hydrometer, heated viscometer and oxygen bomb calorimeter respectively. Engine performance and emission testing were done using an engine dynamometer and gas analyzer. Findings – All tested brands showed trend of having different attributes for low and high fuel octane rating. The higher fuel grade exhibited greater values for each properties studied compared to the lower fuel grade. Engine performance and emission also shown to be distinct when tested with different gasoline research octane number. Originality/value – The experiment outcome have presented that different fuel grades can give more significant distinct figures on engine performance and emission than originally expected. The effective long-term running cost for each fuel grade was also align with the engine testing results.


ID: 8

27 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIESEL HYDROGEN POWERED

ENGINE

Mohamad Nordin Mohamad Norani*, Tee Boon Tuan, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria



Keywords: Diesel; Hydrogen; Emissions

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effects of diesel engine performance and emission with the supply of hydrogen gas with different driving style. Design/methodology/approach – The experiment will conducted on 2.5L turbo diesel engine using hydrogen electroyzer, dyno test and gas analyzer. The comparison with and without hydrogen gas will then be analyzed in term of the engine performance, consumption and engine emission . The variable parameters are driving style and rate of hydrogen gas. Findings – The previous experiment showed a significant reduction in fuel consumption, engine performance, CO, CO2 and HC emission. However, there is an increment in NOX emission. Originality/value – The research will provide another alternative source for engine fuel that can improve engine performance and environmental friendly. Besides that, the outcome will create further awareness to the public and industry in implementing green technology.


ID: 9

28 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF

HYDROGEN ENRICHMENT IN LIGHT DUTY SINGLE CYLINDER

DIESEL ENGINE

Mohammad Nazry Rosley*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin




Keywords: Hydrogen; Alternative fuel; Diesel Engine

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effects of hydrogen gas when injected into the light duty single cylinder diesel engine. Design/methodology/approach – The engine was injected by hydrogen gas produced from the Alkaline Electrolyser through the air intake port. The engine was mounted on a Dyno test rig to measure the performance of the engine. The emission of the engine was measured by using Bacharach's PCA3 combustion analyser. Findings – The performance of the engine shows decreasing behavior when injected with hydrogen gas. However the thermal efficiency and also the fuel consumption of the engine shows positive trends. The emission shows increasing in oxide of nitrogen (NOx) and decreasing in carbon monoxide (CO) when the engine injected with hydrogen. Originality/value – The results of the research can contribute in finding an alternative energy that can decrease the dependency of energy consumers toward fossil fuels usage. The application of hydrogen as alternative fuel can benefits the environment in terms of cleaner emission.


ID: 10

29 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

FRICTIONAL MECHANISMS OF PALM KERNEL ACTIVATED

CARBON-EPOXY (PKAC-E) COMPOSITES BY PHASE

TRANSFORMATION STUDY

Dayang Nor Fatin Mahmud*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan



Keywords: Phase transformation; Tribofilm; Friction coefficient

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the characteristics of tribofilm formation and phase transformation of PKAC-E composites at different temperatures under dry sliding conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The sample of PKAC-E composites will be formed into a pin using a hot compaction technique. The tribological test will be conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer at different operating temperatures. The phase transformation of worn surfaces and tribofilm formation will be examined using Raman Spectroscopy. Surface morphology will be observed by SEM/EDX. Besides, surface roughness and hardness will be measured using profilometer and Shore D durometer, respectively. Findings – It is expected that the phase trasformation of carbon-like structure to graphite-like structure of PKAC-E composites will cause a reduction of friction coefficent. Besides, some adhesive and abrasive wear types will be identified on the worn surfaces. Originality/value – Investigation on the tribofilm formation characteristics and its phase transformation studies are beneficial for further friction coefficient reduction of PKAC-E composites in order to be a new self-lubricating material.


ID: 11

30 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICATING PROPERTIES OF WASTE

COOKING OIL WITH BANANA PEELS BROTH

Mohd Zakwan Mohd Razi1*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah1, Nur Rashid Mat Nuri2

1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,

Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,



Keywords: Banana peels broth; Waste cooking oil; Extreme pressure

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the extreme pressure properties of waste cooking oil (WCO) with banana peels broth. Design/methodology/approach – Several weight percentages from 15 to 45wt.% of banana peels broth was dispersed in purified WCO using ultrasonic homogenizer. The extreme pressure experiment was performed using a four-ball tribometer. The load carrying capacity is determined by the maximum permissible load that the lubricant can sustain before breakdown. Findings – The results found that the load carrying capacity is decreased with banana peels broth percentage. However, the WCO with banana peels broth has lower average wear scar diameter than WCO at the immediate seizure load. Originality/value – Banana peels broth has an ability to improve the lubricating properties at higher load compared to WCO.


ID: 12

31 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE IMPROVEMENT AND LABORATORY TESTING OF

REGENERATIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM

Ahmed Esmael Mohan*, Mohd Azman Abdullah, Jazli Firdaus Jamil



Keywords: Regenerative suspension, Energy harvesting; Energy efficient vehicle

ABSTRACT Purpose – To improve performance of the regenerative suspension system. Design/methodology/approach – The experiment on the laboratory is done on a test rig. Different of parameters has been implemented: number of coil winding, diameter of the wire, and type of magnets material which were NdFeb (grade N35). The frequency ranges were set from 10 Hz to 50 Hz. Findings – From the experiment result, the diameter of coil used in the system was effect upon the power harvested by regenerative suspension system. The greater power harvested by the system was at 0.8mm coil wire diameter. 30W was the harvested power at frequencies range of 30 HZ. Originality/value – The output voltage was 68V at 0.8mm coil diameter, with current range 0.45A. Hence, more voltage obtained in order to reduce the engine loading caused by usage reduces of the alternator, Increase fuel efficiency, reduce vehicle emissions and fuel consumption.


ID: 13

32 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

INVESTIGATE VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS ON BALL BEARING

OPERATED WITH HEXAGONAL BARON NITRIDE (hBN)

NANOPARTICLE ADDITIVES

Noor Shakinah Rudzlan Apandi*, Rainah Ismail, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah



Keywords: Nanoparticles; Ball bearing; hBN lubricant additives; Vibration

performance characteristics

ABSTRACT Purpose – The purpose of this work is to investigate the vibration performance characteristics of ball bearing operating under hBN nanolubricant. Design/methodology/approach – Machine components including gears and bearings operates at high speed and high load condition.In this research the hBN nanoparticles was added as an additive into the SAE 15W40 diesel engine oil. The vibration characteristics are acquired using fabricated test rig, which consist of ball bearing,an accelerometer and data aqcuisition device. Findings – Comparison study is also carried out with based engine oil and nano hBN mixed engine oil. From this proposed study, the vibration study can validate and further improve performance of diesel engine oil with hBN nanoparticle. Originality/value – The results show that addition of hBN nanoparticle in the lubricant functioning effectively in reducing vibrations of bearing in diesel engine oil.


ID: 14

33 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

NEW APPROACH OF EMMISION REDUCTION BASED ON SOOT

PARTICLE ANALYSIS

Mohd Aznan Abdul Latif1*, Ahmad Anas Yusof1, Ahmad Zaki Shukor2, Aiman Roslizar1


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,



Keywords: Soot; Emission; Green technology

ABSTRACT Purpose – Reduce emission and investigate soot concentration that comprises of all the physical and chemical process using experimental and theoritical method. Design/methodology/approach – To reduce the soot particle from diesel engine combustion process. In this research, the platform will be based on diesel engine and study on what is the best effective way to support the engine in order to reduce soot formation using experimental setup and parameter study and research methodology. Findings – Knowledge on soot concentration and distribution in combustion and type of new technology that can be implemented. Approach to estimate and clarify soot particle from combustion by experimental and simulation process. Originality/value – Potential application in biodiesel combustion. Potential application of implementation on new approach to the engine. Potential application in reducing soot from vehicle which contribute to low pollution.


ID: 15

34 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

A MODELLING OF ANN TO PREDICT THE OUTPUT POWER OF

AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

Kamarulhelmy Talib*, Safarudin Gazali Herawan



Keywords: Waste heat recovery; Steam turbine mechanism; Energy recovery

ABSTRACT Purpose – To predict the output power of the waste heat recovery system using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Design/methodology/approach – Experimental work will be conducted on the S.I. engine of the experimental vehicle equipped with steam turbine mechanism. The heat exchanger as a steam generator is installed at the exhaust gas stream pipe. The data gain from the experiment will be used to develop an Artificial Neural Network simulation model. Findings – To determine the maximum output power of waste heat recovery system. Developing a new computer program to analyzed and study the data from the research. Obtaining the real time result of waste heat recovery through experiment. Originality/value – The experiment conduct can help in determining the maximum value of waste heat that produces from the exhaust. The development of the ANN model can help in studying and understanding the behavior of the energy recover from the exhaust.


ID: 16

35 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

AN EFFECT OF STORAGE DURATION ON HIGH BLENDING RATIO

BIODIESEL PROPERTIES AT VARIANT TEMPERATURE

Humairak Mohamad Yusof*, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Ruztamreen Jenal



Keywords: HBR biodiesel; Storage; Degradation

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the HBR biodiesel storage impact at variant temperature, the degradation and fuel potential running to the engine. Design/methodology/approach – To study the effect of HBR (high blending ratio) biodiesel, the four samples was stored in three different temperature. Then the fuel properties (acid value, flash point, density and kinematic viscosity) for all samples have been measured and recorded according to ASTM D6751. Engine performance was tested using dynamometer. Findings – Acid value increase as storage time increase because the samples become more acidic. The flash point decrease because the increment of alcohol in a fuel. Density and water content increase because biodiesel content -OH bonding and the samples react to the surrounding. The engine results for B7x, no significant effect. Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate the potential of HBR biodiesel to run in single cylinder engine. And study the quality of the HBR biodiesel before the samples degraded.


ID: 17

36 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

INFLUENCES OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION ON THE CRASH

PERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

Rosmia Mohd Amman1*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam1, Ismail Abu Shah2, Mohd Faizal Halim2, Saiful Naim Sulaiman2





Keywords: Forming; Crash Behavior; Plastic deformation

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the crash response of a simple structure formed by using plastic deformation process. Design/methodology/approach – Finite element crash simulation are performed to a CAD circular cup (consider virgin material) and cup formed from forming process (consider plastic deformation effects) in order to examine the behavior of crash event and investigate the influence of plastic deformation on the crash performance of the structure. Findings – When a solid body experiences forming process, the properties of the materials will change due to work hardening (thickness changes, residual stresses and strain) and as a results, the crash performance of a body structure indicated by plastic strain on crash analysis will significantly decrease. Originality/value – New knowledge about the influences of plastic deformation on crash response is expected can give a guideline to manufacturer in automotive industry to decrease the error in predictions of crash response and increase the crash performance of a body structure.


ID: 18

37 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

A HUMAN FACTOR INVESTIGATION OF A LIGHTWEIGHT HYBRID

VEHICLE TO ACHIEVE PASSENGER COMFORT

Nur Juliana Zawawi*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Siti Nurhaida Khalil



Keywords: Public transportation; Energy efficient; Zero emission; Chasis; Ergonomic

design

ABSTRACT Purpose – To analyze the structural and mechanism design of a new comfortable passenger seat for future energy efficient vehicles. Design/methodology/approach – An automobile should be designed for better human usage by applying ergonomic concepts to the vehicle especially for future transportation mode. Designing concepts should refer to the data of human characteristic and percentile. The seating arrangement could affect seating posture and also interaction of driver with the steering. Findings – Human come in difference-sizes. Therefore, size of seats may vary to achieve different users comfortability. The analysis should also consider the design, size, and parts arrangement to maximize space for more passengers especially in public transportation. Air cushion or inflated-cushion is the most common used cushion in improving comfort level. Originality/value – Most studies compare seats that are already in market. However, this work will look into novel mechanisms that may change the shape of the seat for comfort.


ID: 19

38 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE EFFECT OF HUMAN WEIGHT ON SPINAL FACET JOINTS

USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Raed Ali Mohammad*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif



Keywords: Facet joint; finite element analysis; Obesity

ABSTRACT Purpose – This study was aimed to investigate the biomechanical effects of human weight on spinal facet joints using finite element analysis. Design/methodology/approach – Geometrical data of human lumbar spine used to develop three-dimensional model using MIMICS software.(FE) model of intact L1-L5 osseoligamentous lumbar spine using ABAQUS software. TheFE model will be compared with previous studies to verify the model. Various human weights will be simulated to examine biomechanical effects on spinal facet joints. Findings – This study will investigate the pressure and stress occurs on the facet joint due to the increase in body weight. Based on the results, it could show the possibility of facet joint degeneration for obesity. Originality/value – These findings could use for better understanding of loading on the facet joints at lumbar spine due to the lack of previous studies.


ID: 20

39 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

PRELIMINARY RESULT OF FEA ON A NOVEL SHAPE CHANGING

WING

Mohsin A. Hassan*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin



Keywords: Preliminary result of FEA ; Shape changing wing,; Structural analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate by using FEA in various types of flight stages.Propose size and material for component in shape changing wing. Design/methodology/approach – By using ANSYS WORKBENCH software we can calculate and analysis structural loads on wings during various flight stages. For shpe changing wing all the required design parameters are not available but with the help of the published data provided by other researcher for FEA on wing. Findings – We are interested to find out the various types of stresses and its intensity induced in the skin of a the aircraft wing during various stages of the flight. In this part we are going to reproduce result from finite element analysis on conventional wings. Originality/value – A rigid-body shape-morphing wing is a new idea for an aircraft wing where there will be no gap as the high-lift device is deployed. Hence, knowing the strength to hold elements in place in various situations is crucial.


ID: 21

40 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN PIEZO TRANSDUCER FOR

RAPID NONDESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION

Ilham Hadi Syahril*, Nor Salim Muhammad, Ruztamreen Jenal



Keywords: Lamb wave; Acoustic impedance matching; Wave propagation

ABSTRACT Purpose – To develop a broadband transducer using multilayer scheme that could produce perfectly wave transmission without reflected wave. Design/methodology/approach – Investigate the relation of group velocity dispersion curves and thickness of the matching layer for transmission of the acoustic wave from piezoelectric element into the load medium and evaluate the effect of the matching layer on frequency response of the transmitted wave. Findings – Using multi-layer matching layer scheme for the front and rear of piezoelectric transducer can reduce the acoustic mismatch between piezo element and load medium. Originality/value – From the studies conducted, thickness of the matching layer affect the frequency response of the transmitted wave. Proper selection of matching layer thickness can reduce wave reflection and increase the frequency response of the transmitted wave.


ID: 22

41 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ENERGY AUDIT ON CAR ELECTRICAL CHARGING SYSTEM AT

IDLE ENGINE

Rozdman Khaidir Mazlan*, Reduan Mat Dan, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria



Keywords: Energy audit; Alternator; Voltage; Current

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study how much current that are generated by alternator, and possibility of using excess electricity for generating hydrogen. Design/methodology/approach – An AC/DC Clamp is used to get the reading of alternator current output. It is being clamped at the current output cable. The reading is taken at initial, when the key is switch to “On”, when the car engine has been started, and when electrical components are being turned on. Findings – This Proton Preve’s alternator has a rating of 90A/12V, which means it can produce up to 90A maximum. In this experiment, after all the accessories have been turned on, the maximum current used is 62.2A. There is about 28A of current still can be produced. Originality/value – The results of the experiment shows that the alternator can still produce more power. Excessive power generated by the vehicle's power system can be use to generate hydrogen as additive to gasoline engine.


ID: 23

42 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

MODELING OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BEAM PIEZOELECTRIC

ENERGY HARVESTER SYSTEM FROM BASE EXCITATION

Sidik Susilo1*, Azma Putra1, Kok Swee Leong2


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia

Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia


Keywords: Energy harvesting; Piezoelectric; Vibration

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the potential electrical energy harvesting from a piezoelectric material beam. Design/methodology/approach – The structural wave propagation method is used leading to solution of complex wave amplitudes across the beam. The proposed model is aimed at characterizing the behavior of the system to study the potential electrical energy harvested from such mechanism where the beam is a piezoelectric material. Findings – The dynamic response of a combine beam-SDOF energy harvester system has been modeled by dynamic stiffness matrix method. A dynamic stiffness matrix is developed by relating amplitude harmonically. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is used to analyze the propagating bending waves through the energy harvester system. Originality/value – The investigation provide optimism for another case to predict and improve the power output of the combine beam-SDOF energy harvester system.


ID: 24

43 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

GRAIN SIZE AND MOISTURE CONTENT INFLUENCE ON

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES YOUNG COCONUT WASTE FOR

PELLETIZATION

Nur Dalilah Mohd Zamri1*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan1, Norain Idris2





Keywords: Green energy; Material; Thermal

ABSTRACT Purpose – To obtain the best cutting size of grain size and optimize drying parameter to produce quality pellet. Design/methodology/approach – The young coconut waste pellet shred to multiple size, and dry by using drum dryer with several temperature and speed. Material will pellet by using pelleting machine with several moisture content. Sample will be observed and tested to characterize the mechanical properties. Findings – Optimum parameter of drying and suitable moisture content for pelleting young coconut waste. Originality/value – Established colleration of temperature, flow rate and retention time of drying and moisture content to produce pellet. Potential application in pellet's manufacture.


ID: 25

44 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

NOVEL PREDICTIVE RELIABILITY MODEL USING SMALL

HYDROPOWER OPTIMIZATION TOOLS FOR PERFORMANCE

INVESTIGATION

Mashitah Razi*, Mohd Asri Yusuff, Tee Boon Tuan



Keywords: Small hydropower; Reliability analysis; Optimization tools

ABSTRACT Purpose – To proposed predictive reliability model by evaluating the water conveyance performance of the small hydro power plant. Design/methodology/approach – Water conveyance performance parameters obtained using integrated data wireless logging station by monitoring the parameters periodically. Statistical relational database of the logged performance data will be analyzed using Weibull++. Generalize Extreme Values distribution approach is used to analyze the integrating logged data to investigate the reliability and optimization performances. Findings – Enhance the reliability evaluation methodologies for Malaysian Small Hydropower by integrations of water scarcity and sedimentation factors into conventional corrective maintenance based models and developed new method of water conveyance performance estimation based on introduction of empirical performance characteristic prediction system. Originality/value – The reliability evaluation methodologies and new method of the water conveyance performance estimation obtained is expected to be beneficial for the country in facing the challenges in exploiting the small hydropower resources.


ID: 26

45 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE SEGMENTATION PROCESS OF A NEW SHAPE-CHANGING

FLAP OF MULTI-ELEMENT AIRFOIL USING A SHAPECHANGER

SOFTWARE

Mohammad Hazrin Ismail*, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, Mohd Nizam Sudin



Keywords: Shape-changing; Segmentation process

ABSTRACT Purpose – To design a new shape-changing flap profiles of the multi-element airfoil. Design/methodology/approach – To design a new shape-changing flap profiles of the multi-element airfoil. Findings – This work presents the process to convert a set of design profiles into segmented profiles called as segmentation process. Three profiles with different arc length were referred to three positions of flap; during cruise, take off and landing states. Originality/value – This work used a set of fixed-end profiles with different arc length as an example to perform the segmentation process.


ID: 27

46 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

CHARACTERIZATION OF MRI IMAGES FOR ARTICULAR

CARTILAGE

Yew Wansin1*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif1, Norhashimah Mohd Saad2


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia

Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia


Keywords: Articular cartilage; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Grayscale intensity

ABSTRACT Purpose – To develop a method in determining the grayscale intensity of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images on articular cartilage. Design/methodology/approach – The samples were harvested from bovine's hips and kept in moist condition until scanning using low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The specimens were scanned using gradient echo sequence. MRI images of bovine’s were then transmitted to the image processing software, MATLAB to characterize the intensity of the grayscale intensity. Findings – Results showed significant difference in grayscale intensity across different layers of the magnetic resonance imaging images on articular cartilage. The range of the grayscale intensity for outer layer was 1145.60 ±100.57 while the middle and deep layer was 1411.34 ± 57.50 and 944.48 ± 100.57 respectivitely. Originality/value – The results of the gray scale intensity of the cartilage demonstrate the potential of low-field MRI system to examine the condition of the cartilage. It could be useful for further identification of the pre-osteoarthritis for the researches and orthopedists.


ID: 28

47 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ANALYSIS ON CONSOLIDATION AND MECHANICAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF 3D METAL PRINTED COMPONENTS

Nor Ana Rosli*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli



Keywords: 3D Metal printing; Additive manufacturing; Plasma deposition

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the consolidation characteristics and mechanical behavior of 3D printed metal component manufactured by integrated plasma deposition technique. Design/methodology/approach – Plasma deposition technique will be developed and minor modification on existing 3D printer will be made by utilizing open source system . Sample will be prepared according to ASTM E8 standard. Porosity will be checked by scanning microscope electron and surface roughness examined by surface roughness tester. Findings – It is expected, based on study the effect processing parameter by examine mechanical behavior will enhance understanding the fundamental consolidation issues. Originality/value – The experiment will test effective technology for 3D metal printing which integrate plasma deposition technique.


ID: 29

48 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF PARTS FABRICATED VIA OPEN

SOURCE 3D PRINTER

Siti Najatul Aishah Majid*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli



Keywords: 3D printing; Rapid prototyping; Additive manufacturing

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the mechanical properties of the improved material deposition mechanism of open source 3D printer. Design/methodology/approach – A new improved material deposition mechanism of 3D printer is to be designed and developed. Then, the sample specimen will be prepared according to ASTM D680 standard and lastly, the porosity will be analysed by using Image J software and the strength will be measured using Instron Machine. Findings – It is expected a newly improved mechanism for material deposition for 3D printing will be developed where the mechanical properties is superior compared to current existing 3D printer. Originality/value – The approach that to be used in this study has not been reported by other researcher.


ID: 30

49 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE EFFECT OF SURFACE TEXTURED PISTON RINGS ON

REDUCING ENGINE FUEL CONSUMPTION

Nurul Atiqah Mohd Lazim*, Rafidah Hasan, Sushella Edayu Mat Kamal



Keywords: Laser Surface Texturing; Friction; Wear; Piston rings

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effects of geometry and distribution of dimples on frictional behavior and it's influence on fuel consumption. Design/methodology/approach – The micro dimples was created on the surface of cast iron cylinder by using Laser Surface Texturing. Taguchi Method approach is used to determine the optional design parameters for the frictional behavior of surface textured. Pin on disc tribometer is used for wear and friction test. Findings – Micro dimples have been found to reduce friction and wear by trapping the wear debris and act as lubricant reservoir at the sliding surfaces. The dimensions and the ratio of dimples on cast iron surfaces were investigated as the parameters that affect the performance of friction between sliding surfaces. Originality/value – The result from the effect of surface textured on piston rings which can reduce friction and wear during operation will benefit the automotive sector in Malaysia in improving the efficiency of future engine performance.


ID: 31

50 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

LAYER ADHESION OF FUSED FILAMENT FABRICATION USING

BIO-ADHESIVE ON PRINTING BED TO ENHANCE THE

MANUFACTURABILITY

Muhammad Afdhal Nazan*, Faiz Redza Ramli, Mohd Rizal Alkahari



Keywords: 3D printing; Rapid prototyping; Additive manufacturing; Bio-adhesion

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the bond strength properties of additional bio-adhesive layer onto 3D printing platform to enhance the manufacturability. Design/methodology/approach – Sample preparation of bio-adhesive material from three main plant; banana, cassava and rice. Mechanical test for the adhesion layer between glass and printed part. Manufacturability and quality inspection which incorporated standard part model. Select the best adhesion and recommended for 3d printer use. Findings – A major problem of open source 3d printer is the printed part tends to shrink and wrap. this deformation can be reduced by applying synthetic adhesive material on the printing platform. a fundamental understanding on the first layer adhesion and the potential using bio-adhesion will be studied. Originality/value – No information and research that has been published on the used of plant based bio-adhesion to reduce the wrap deformation problem.


ID: 32

51 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION USING CONDITION BASED-

MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES ON COATING APPLICATION IN

IMPROVING GEARS LIFE

Abdul Hakim Abdul Hamid*, Reduan Mat Dan, Ahmad Fuad Ab Ghani



Keywords: Gear life; Coating application; Health monitoring

ABSTRACT Purpose – To measure how much longer the coating application successfully extending the life of helical gear. Design/methodology/approach – All gear are tested using ATF Dexron III oil, 1000 rpm rotation speed, and a torsion load of 300 N in the gear test rig. Vibration and wear debris analysis is used as the monitoring techniques. The improvement of gear life is measured through comparison of the onset of failure. Findings – The onset of failure is determined through the vibration analysis and wear debris analysis. The coating application is expected to extend the life of the gear by 5 times. Originality/value – The result of the experiments demonstrate the potential of the coating application preventing fatigue failure thus improving the gear life as well as determining onset of failure from the combination of vibration analysis and wear debris analysis.


ID: 33

52 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE TREATED OF

PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER FROM JOSAPINE CULTIVAR

REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES

Ayu Natasya Kasim1*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat1, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd Daud1, Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob2, Azma Putra1, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam1


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,



Keywords: Pineapple leaf fiber; Polypropylene; Fiber reinforced polymer

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigates the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fiber (Josapine) reinforced polypropylene composite as a function of fiber loading. Design/methodology/approach – PLF was extracted by using Pineapple Leaf Fiber Machine and alkaline treatment was conducted to enhance the properties. The composites was fabricated by compression molding technique with 100 mm fiber length with different fiber loading (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 wt.%). Mechanical testing were conducted to determine the properties. Findings – Based on the results of tensile strength, hardness and density, it can be concluded that the PLF/PP composite with the composition ratio of 70/30 has shown the best mechanical properties compare to others composition ratios. Originality/value – The results show that tensile strength obtained is higher compared to other researchers that used pineapple leaf fiber as reinforcement. The improvement of mechanical properties have high potential to replace conventional material such as metal or plastic in product application.


ID: 34

53 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

A NEW METHOD OF PREDICTING THE AMOUNT OF DEPOSITED

ELECTROSPUN FIBRES USING IMAGE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

Faizah Che Long*, Nurfaizey Abdul Hamid, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd Daud



Keywords: Electrospinning; Nanofibres; Image analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose – To develop a new method of predicting the amount of deposited electrospun fibre by using image analysis technique. Design/methodology/approach – The polymer used in this experiment in this experiment is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water solution. Black A4 papers were used as substrates to aid visibility. Samples of deposited fibres were collected at various deposition times. Samples were scanned into 8-bit greyscale image and measured using ImageJ software. Findings – Results showed that the greyscale intensities of the image increase as the deposition times increase. It is known that the amount of deposited fibres has a linear relationship with time. Therefore, it is hypothesized that we can predict the amount of fibres by analysing the greyscale intensity of a sample. Originality/value – The developed technique has the potential to be integrated into an automated system in industry and can be used as part of the on-line quality control system. This technique can predict the deposited fibres with minimum handling of the materials.


ID: 35

54 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

FATIGUE LIFE BEHAVIOUR OF FIBERGLASS REINFORCED

COMPOSITES SUBJECTED TO VARIABLE AMPLITUDE LOADINGS

Roy Hanson Jimit*, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria, Omar Bapokutty



Keywords: Fatigue life; Fiberglas reinforced composites; Varibale amplitude loadings

ABSTRACT Purpose – To determine the fatigue life of fiberglass reinforced composites under constant amplitude loading (CAL) and variable amplitude loading (VAL). Design/methodology/approach – Tensile test will be performed on test samples to determine the mechanical properties of composites material. Then, the fatigue tests will be conducted using constant amplitude loading (CAL) and variable amplitude loading (VAL) to study the fatigue life behaviour of each types of laminated composites. Findings – The expected result showed significant data that woven roving have a stronger fatigue behavior under VAL condition due to good interface adhesion between matrix and fibers compared to chopped random composites. The correlation between OL and UL effect towards fatigue life also be discussed in which OL increase fatigue life Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate the fatigue life behavior of fiberglass reinforced composite, result of this project is hoped to help in excelling the research in replacing the current materials used in automotive and consumer goods.


ID: 36

55 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

SURFACE DURABILITY OF OIL PALM FIBERS AND KENAF FIBERS

COMPOSITE AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURE

Fairuz Fazillah Shuhimi1*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah1, Md Abul Kalam2


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya,

50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia


Keywords: Oil palm fiber; Kenaf fibers; Friction; Wear

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the surface durability of Oil Palm Fiber/Epoxy(OPF/E) and Kenaf Fiber/Epoxy(KF/E) composite at different temperatures under dry sliding conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The tribological test was carried out by using a pin-on-disc tribometer in dry sliding conditions Surface durability was determined by the value of wear rate and friction coefficient with respect to the temperatures. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy, surface profilometer and shore durometer. Findings – The results found that transition to severe wear for OPF/E is occured after 100⁰C meanwhile KF/E occur after 50⁰C. Thus, OPF/E composite can sustain longer compared to KF/E composite. Originality/value – The findings provide insights that OPF/E can be useful as one of the most potential for tribological applications.


ID: 37

56 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ALUMINIUM HONEYCOMB UNDER QUASI-STATIC LATERAL

LOADING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Abd Jumaidi Chuli*, Md Radzai Said



Keywords: Honeycomb; Lateral loading; Quasi-static; Cellular structure; Energy

absorption

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the deformation mode of honeycomb and effect of filler material (Oil Palm Trunk Sawdust) in honeycomb core. Design/methodology/approach – Aluminium honeycomb (cell size= 6.35mm) with a dimension of 6x7 cells is used. Oil Palm Trunk sawdust is used as filler material. All honeycomb is compressed laterally in two directions; across corners (x1) and across faces (x2). The quasi-static speed is set to be 10 mm/min. Findings – Energy absorption in x1 is larger than in x2 direction. The collapse load in x1 is twice as in x2 direction. The crushing band of honeycomb compressed in x1 direction started at the middle part, and the crushing band in x2 direction started at the top part of the specimen. Originality/value – The used of oil palm sawdust increase the energy absorption of the honeycomb by 66% and 88% in x1 and x2 direction respectively. Filled honeycomb in x2 has the best value of energy absorption, specific energy and energy dissipation density.


ID: 38

57 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF

ARTICULAR CARTILAGE ACROSS SYNOVIAL JOINT

Yusra Liyana Jaafar1*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif1, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir2


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia


Keywords: Articular cartilage; Finite element; Biomechanical properties

ABSTRACT Purpose – To determine the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage using combination of experimental and computational methods. Design/methodology/approach – Articular cartilage from bovine were used in creep indentation test to provide the deformation-time data.The cartilage thickness and curve were measured in order to develop the finite element model.The data from both experimental and computational data then used for further simulation to find new value of biomechanical properties of cartilage. Findings – Based on the result, it was found that the thickness give major influences to the permeability and elastic modulus of the tissue. Thicker cartilage decreased the permeability, and increased the elastic modulus of the cartilage. Originality/value – This research presents a new approach to characterize the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage using a combination of experimental and computational methods.


ID: 39

58 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

TENSILE STUDY ON WOVEN KENAF FIBER-REINFORCED

POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITE WITH DIFFERENT STACKING

ANGLE

Naziatul Fazilah Mohd Zalani*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat



Keywords: Tensile; Woven kenaf; Natural fiber composite

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effect of woven kenaf fiber reinforced polypropylene composite stacking angle on tensile properties. Design/methodology/approach – Three layers of woven kenaf fiber with different stacking angle were hot compressed with polypropylene matrix to form a 2 mm thick composite panel. Tensile test was performed according to ASTM D3039 using Universal testing Machine with a speed rate of 2 mm/min. Findings – Stacking angle indeed has an effect on the tensile results. Originality/value – A new hybrid thermoplastic polypropylene resin with woven kenaf natural fiber was fabricated. The readiness and easy to use natural fiber in woven form was combined with recyclable matrix in order to go green.


ID: 40

59 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ANALYSIS OF SURFACE DIFFUSIVITIES FOR BORONIZING

TREATMENT ON CONTOURED SURFACE

Nurul Hidayah Omar*, Rafidah Hasan, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan



Keywords: Borided; Kinetics; Contoured

ABSTRACT Purpose – To analyse the diffusion of boronizing powder on surface of ball bearing using metallurgraphic technique. Design/methodology/approach – Powder-pack boronizing is used in this study. Boride layers are determined from the observations under inverted microscope and SEM. Analysis on the boride layer thickness leads to the determination of the kinetics of boronizing process. The effectiveness of boronizing process due to several parameters is also studied using Taguchi method. Findings – The experiment shows that the diffusion of boronizing powder into the substrate of stainless-steel ball bearing is mostly affected by the temperature due to the dependencies of the kinetics on this parameter. The evaluation on the effectiveness of boronizing process has led to some optimized conditions for boronized ball bearing. Originality/value – The analysis on contoured borided surface leads to the determination of kinetics for boronizing process. The effective conditions for powder-pack boronizing due to several parameters suggest that the cost of boronizing process can be reduced by using re-used boronizing compound.


ID: 41

60 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

LATERAL CRUSHING OF CIRCULAR TUBE SYSTEMS UNDER

LOADING CONDITIONS

Omar Abdul Hasa*, Md Radzai Said



Keywords: Energy absorption; Circular tube; Lateral crushing

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the load-displacement characteristics and effect of side constraint. To compare parameters between 0-, 30- and 60 - angle. Design/methodology/approach – A tube/ring is compressed quasi-statically with and without side constraint.The side constraint starts from 0- to 60 - in increment of 30- .Maximum loading setup to Instron machine was 50kN. The speed of compression is 5mm/min. The FE analysis in ANSYS is used to compare the experimental results. Findings – Experimental results of energy absorption show the deviation with the theoretical analysis by 10% - 40%. The specimen with 60mm length leads to better energy absorption than the other specimens. Originality/value – The result obtained from experiment shows the energy absorbed varies with the length of tube.


ID: 42

61 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

AXIAL CRUSHING OF TUBE WITH AND WITHOUT HOLES

Minah Mohammed Fareed*, Md Radzai Said



Keywords: Energy absorption; Axial compression crushing; Round hole

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effect of round holes, To examine load-displacement characteristics, To compare energy absorption between with and without hole. Design/methodology/approach – A tube is compressed quasi-statically at speed of 20mm/min under maximum load setup was 140KN. The tube material is made of mild steel with and without round holes: 5mm and 10mm put it in three different location (top, middle and bottom). type of tube is circular and square tube. Findings – The experiment shows that specimens deform in concertina mode. Some specimen buckle at the top and some at the bottom. The energy absorbed is the area under the Load-displacement curve shows closer to analytical work. Originality/value – The differ of deformation due to structure of mild steel.


ID: 43

62 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE INVESTIGATION ON FATIGUE LIFE BEHAVIOUR OF HYBID

FIBRE-METAL-LAMINATE (FML) STRUCTURE

Ng Lin Feng*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria



Keywords: Fibre metal laminate; Hybrid sequences; Fatigue strength

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effect of stress ratio and hybrid sequences on fatigue mechanism of FML. Design/methodology/approach – FML was fabricated through hot press compression method to bond metallic layers to composite using adhesive agent. Tensile test was performed on FML specimens according to ASTM E8 while the fatigue test was conducted according to ASTM E466. Fatigue strength of FML were compared and represented in Stress-Life (S-N) curve. Findings – The experimental work showed significant differences in fatigue strength and tensile strength of different hybrid sequences as well as stress ratio. The introducing of synthetic fibre in composite tends to increase the overall mechanical strength of FML. Originality/value – The experimental results demonstrate the addition of synthetic fibre in natural fibre-based composite has the potential to enhance the performance of FML. This material has the potential to substitute the application of synthetic fibre-based FML in mechanical structure.


ID: 44

63 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

FABRICATE FLOW CHANNEL ON CONDUCTING POLYMER

COMPOSITE BIPOLAR PLATE THROUGH HOT COMPRESSION

MOLDING

Muhammad Yusri Md Yusuf1*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat1, Jaafar Sahari2


Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia


Keywords: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC); Bipolar plate; Electrical conductivity

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate flowchannel fabrication of multifiller Gr/CB/Fe/PP composite through compression moulding method. The surface condition, flowchannel dimensions and process ability. Design/methodology/approach – Five loading ratios of Gr/CB/Fe/PP composite were produced by compression molding.Gr/CB/Fe/PP were further mixed using Internal Mixer machine. The mixture was collected and has been pulverized to further refine the specimens. Compression molding method has been chosen to shape the sample. This process is using the hot press machine. Findings – The V shape flowchannel made of Gr/CB/Fe/PP shows better finishing and formability of flowchannel. The coordinate measuring tested shows that average percentage between the drawing and fabricated dimension was in the range of -0.118 up to 0.27%. The lower percentage of difference dimension shows a better formability, accuracy and quality. Originality/value – The result of experimental study demonstrate that the lower percentage of difference in dimension of Gr/CB/Fe/PP plate which is better formability, accuracy and quality can be used for PEMFC application.


ID: 45

64 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE EFFECT OF PLA MATRIX ARCHITECTURE ON THE

MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF PLA-BASED DEGRADABLE

BIOCOMPOSITES

Siti Nur Rabiatutadawiah Ramli1*, Siti Hajar Sheikh Md Fadzullah1, Zaleha Mustafa2





Keywords: Polylactic acid (PLA); Biocomposites; Pine apple leaf fibres (PALF)

ABSTRACT Purpose – Determine the effect of PLA degree of crystallinity and fibre length on mechanical properties of the PALF reinforced PLA biocomposites. Design/methodology/approach – Two grades of PLA matrix, varying degree of crystallinity are reinforced with (PALF) to produce biocomposites. The composites consist of long and short fibres. The biocomposites are characterized in terms of their thermal properties via (DSC), mechanical and physical testing to assess correlation with the theoretical values and previous study. Findings – The long PALF fibre reinforced PLA biocomposites are expected to show superior mechanical performance in comparison to those of the short PALF fibre reinforced PLA biocomposites. In addition, the degree of crystallinity is expected to influence the propertied of the PLA and its biocomposites. Originality/value – Contribute an understanding of influence of polymeric architecture in terms of degree of crystallinity on physical and mechanical properties of the PLA degradable biocomposites, results new design green composites as a substitute to existing non-renewable petroleum-based products in automotive industry.


ID: 46

65 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

MESH SIZE AND FRICTIONAL FORCE EFFECTS ON SIMULATION

OF ALUMINIUM HONEYCOMB UNDER QUASI-STATIC LOADING

Alif Zulfakar Pokaad*, Md Radzai Said



Keywords: Aluminium honeycomb; Quasi-static; Mesh size; Frictional force

ABSTRACT Purpose – To model the aluminium honeycomb with the effect of meshing size and frictional force. Design/methodology/approach – The model is performed by using ABAQUS 6.0 in the explicit environment. The honeycomb with 0.0127 m cell size is modelled and three types of mesh size which are 3 mm, 1 mm and 0.8 mm are analysed based on buckling mode and load-displacement characteristics. Findings – The findings is the frictional coefficient 0.3 and meshing size 1 mm are best values that can avoid the contract behaviour and the result of buckling mode is similar with the experimental result. Originality/value – Buckling mode is slightly different compared with the experimental result where the bottom part of honeycomb made the contract or negative expand behaviour. To avoid this behaviour, the friction coefficient is introduced between the honeycomb surface and rigid plates surface.


ID: 47

66 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

INVESTIGATION ON FATIGUE LIFE CHARACTERISTIC AND

FAILURE PROBABILITY SUBJECTED TO VARIABLE AMPLITUDE

LOADING

Fadrah Hanim Ad Suhadak*, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria, Mohd Basri Ali



Keywords: Fatigue life; Steering knuckle; Failure Probability

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate fatigue strain signal behaviour and to determine the correlation of fatigue strain signal pattern and fatigue damage. Design/methodology/approach – Fatigue strain loading data were collected from steering knuckle via strain gauges. Three dimensional steering knuckles was drawn using CATIA software, exported to Ansys as finite element and analysed using the DesignLife®. Cyclic tests were performed using servohydraulic testing machine. Failure probability can be analysed from obtained results data. Findings – Driving on different road surface profiles generate different pattern of fatigue strain signals. The road profile influence the fatigue strain signal. The fatigue failure probability and reliability of automobile component is predicted. Originality/value – Study of fatigue life is very important to ensure the continuity automobile compartment and ensure safety of user. Thus, this finding generated a great interest in steering knuckle fatigue life and its potential to estimate life time and failure probability.


ID: 48

67 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

IMPACT TEST SIMULATION USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

(FEA) FOR AUTOMOTIVE PART

Hikmah Zainuddin*, Mohd Basri Ali



Keywords: Impact; Finite element analysis; Wheel rim; Signal; Signal processing

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the energy absorbed by wheel made from different materials and compare with strain energy using signal processing approach. Design/methodology/approach – Make use of Abaqus software to execute the finite element analysis for 90 degree lateral impact of wheel rim, with three different materials. Impact velocity is in between 70 km/h to 90 km/h. Energy absorbed and impact signal are produced from dynamic impact and get the correlation between them. Findings – Changes in material parameters will affect the behavior of absorbed energy and signal/signal patterns of strain that needs to be studied. Expected result- there is a linear/ proportional correlation between the absorbed energy of the strain signal which is influenced by different materials. Need to validate with theory/ previous researcher. Originality/value – Usage of signal processing approach to study the wheel rim subjected to 90 degree vertical impact test.


ID: 49

68 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

TRIBOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ECO-FRIENDLY BIODEGRADABLE

NOVEL BIO-LUBRICANTS

Hayder Saad Oleiwi Al-Nasrawi*, Nor Azmmi Bin Masripan, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah



Keywords: Banana peel; Additives; Friction

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the Physico-chemical and tribological properties by using banana peel as bio-lubricants under severe operating conditions. Design/methodology/approach – Three design parameters were performed i.e. percentage of lubricant, temperature and load. Series from The friction tests were conducted using Four Ball EP test machine. The factors (COF,WSD and surface roughness) were taken into account as a results. The tribological properties of lubricant were also compared to other lubrication oils. Findings – The experimental results showed significant differences obtained from different concentration of banana peel under loads and temperatures different. With the increase concentration of BP in paraffin oil leads to a better performance in the all tests (viscosity, COF, WSD, welding point and surface roughness) which used in this study. Originality/value – Experimental results obtained indicate the possibility of using a banana peel as a lubricant in industrial processes and lubrication of the various parts of the industrial equipment.


ID: 50

69 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

ANALYSIS OF IMPACT DURATION FROM CHARPY IMPACT

SIGNAL

Nurlaela Muhammad Said*, Mohd Basri Ali, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria



Keywords: Charpy impact; Impact signal; Impact duration

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the impact duration obtained from Charpy impact signal with different parameter and compare with theory/formula and previous researchers. Design/methodology/approach – The Charpy impact test is conducted with different material, different specimen thickness and striker velocity. The material is design according to ASTM E23. Impact signal is obtained from strain gauge that has been installed to the striker and connected to the high data acquisition system. Findings – The impact duration from Charpy impact signal are expected to have close value or slightly differ with the value obtained from theory/formula. In addition, the materials and the effect of some parameters (thickness and velocity) on the Charpy test are expected to influence the impact duration. Originality/value – To contribute an understanding about the importance of impact signal in order to investigate the impact duration of material. Significant enhancement to the durability of materials can be achieved by referring the parameters that influenced the impact duration.


ID: 51

70 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

CONCURRENT CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF NATURAL FIBRE METAL

LAMINATE COMPOSITES FOR CAR FRONT HOOD

Noordiana Mohd Ishak*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Muhd Ridzuan Mansor



Keywords: FML; Fuzzy VIKOR; TRIZ method

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the mechanical properties of the established fibre metal laminate structure. Design/methodology/approach – Use Fuzzy VIKOR method to select the best type of natural fibre, thermoplastic matrix material and final design concept selection. TRIZ method to develop conceptual design. Findings – Properties of the natural fibre metal laminate can be apply as environmental friendly materials in automotive industry especially for car front hood. Originality/value – FML has not been used for car front hood yet, and selection of natural fibre using Fuzzy VIKOR.


ID: 52

71 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

TENSILE PROPERTIES OF NOVEL OIL PALM FIBRE REINFORCED

METAL LAMINATE SYSTEMS

Nur Fadzila Hussain*, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam, Mohd Ahadlin Mohd daud



Keywords: Oil palm; Fiber metal laminate; Tensile test

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigates the effects of fiber length and fiber loading on tensile properties of novel oil palm fibre-reinforced-metal laminate systems. Design/methodology/approach – The composite sample was fabricated with 20mm, 40mm and 60mm fiber length at 30%wt, 50%wt and 70%wt fiber loading of palm oil. The fabrication of laminates was made by hand lay-up techniques.The defects of composite will be observe from SEM ( scanning electron microscope) micrograph. Findings – The tensile strength increase with optimum values of fiber length and fiber loading without effecting the elongation at break of the composite. Originality/value – The tensile properties of oil palm fibre reinforced metal laminate systems in different temperature were studied for the first time.


ID: 53

72 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

INVESTIGATION OF BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES

CHARACTERISATION OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE USING

EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL METHODS

Nur Hikmah Hashim*, Mohd Juzaila Abd. Latif, Roszaidi Ramlan



Keywords: Cartilage; Indentation; Curvature

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the characterisation of biomechanical properties of curved-surface articular cartilage in the synovial joint. Design/methodology/approach – Biphasic properties of cartilage were examined from the simulation of creep indentation test. Then, both experimental and computational methods were run together in order to characterised the biomechanical properties of cartilage. Findings – The results showed significant by the cartilage curvature on the elastic modulus and permeability. Originality/value – New combination technique of finite element modelling and experimental method to characterised the biphasic material properties of articular cartilage.


ID: 54

73 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

NEW APPROACH OF RESIN TRANSFER MOULDING (RTM) OF

LAMINATE COMPOSITE

Zailinda Abdullah*, Ahmad Rivai



Keywords: Composite

ABSTRACT Purpose – To make recommendation for RTM manufacturing method based on quality of structural integrity and safe manufacturing process for aircraft. Design/methodology/approach – Fabrication will involve RTM process and testing specimen of composite materials. Testing, generic mechanical properties of the materials. The mathematical model of the composite structure is simulated by applying actual boundary conditions and is analysed using FEM. The result from FEM analysis will be validated by these test result. Findings – A simulation FEA models of the mathematical response closest to the exact mechanical behaviour of composite structure. Methodology/prove concept to determine the manufacturing quality and structural behaviour for composite structure. Originality/value – This new development of composite structure using RTM process could be lesson learned and development of national composite industry (CTRM).


ID: 55

74 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

THE EFFECTS OF CARBON BLACK LOADING ON THE TENSILE

PROPERTIES FOR THE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUND

Intan Raihan Asni Rosszainily*, Mohd Azli Salim, Musthafah Mohd Tahir



Keywords: Tensile test; Natural rubber; Vibration Isolator; Carbon loading

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effects of the carbon black loading on the tensile properties on unvulcanized and vulcanized natural rubber compound. Design/methodology/approach – Tensile test has been carried out on three types of natural rubber compound which are the unvulcanized and vulcanized SMR-CV60 and vulcanized ENR-25. For the unvulcanized, the unloading and carbon loading rubber compound was compared. While for the vulcanized, the both rubber compound were compared at four different carbon loading. Findings – The result showed that the tensile stress in unvulcanized compound was decreased with the addition of carbon, but increased in vulcanized rubber compound. The addition of carbon also increased the Young's Modulus. In tensile set studies, the unvulcanized rubber compound has showed significant changes compared to the vulcanized rubber compound. Originality/value – These studies will determine the potential of different types of natural rubber as the vibration isolator main materials. It also helps to promote and optimize the usage of local natural rubber in the future vibration control instrument.


ID: 56

75 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

COMPARISON ON USING VARTM AND COMPRESSION MOULDING

FOR FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE TUBING

Saijod T.W. Lau1*, Md Radzai Said1, Mohd Yuhazri Yaacob2





Keywords: Fibre reinforced composites; Hollow section; VARTM

ABSTRACT Purpose – To obtain high fibre volume for natural fibre reinforced plastic composite square hollow section. Design/methodology/approach – Two fabrication designs are opted for the current study namely vacuum infusion resin transfer (VARTM) and compression moulding method. In the fabrication, both methods need bladder to hold air in the SHS so that hollow part will be produced. Findings – As the structure has the same plies of glass fibre, the thickness of the specimens is about 45% difference which are 2.14mm and 1.17mm for VARTM and compression moulding, respectively. The compression method creates higher fibre volume compared to VARTM due to the compression moulding able to use higher pressure. Originality/value – Currently, there was lack of expert in Malaysia to fabricating the fibre reinforce plastic composite for tubing. Apart from that, the fibre used can be changed to natural fibres which are abundantly available in Malaysia.


ID: 57

76 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

COMPRESSION MOULDING PARAMETERS FOR MULTI FILLER

POLYMER COMPOSITE USING TAGUCHI METHOD

Noor Ashikin Jamil*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Rafidah Hasan



Keywords: Taguchi method; Carbon fiber; Electrical conductivity

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the effect of compression moulding parameters on G/CB/CF/PP composites on electrical conductivity through Taguchi method. Design/methodology/approach – Nine samples of composites based on the composition of G:CB:CF:PP with weight percentage of 50:25:5:20 was selected by three levels Taguchi design of compression moulding factors. The electrical conductivity value of the composites was analysed by using Taguchi method to get the optimum factors. Findings – Through Taguchi method, the optimum factors (temperature, load, preheating time and pressing time) of compression moulding were determined to produce optimized sample. The optimized sample produced showed improvement in the electrical conductivity result. Originality/value – The results of this experimental studies are important in fabrication of the potential G/CB/CF/PP composites as conductive polymer composite, and can very useful for further application of bipolar plate for PEMFC.


ID: 58

77 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PALM KERNEL

ACTIVATED CARBON-EPOXY COMPOSITE

Ahmed Qays*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah



Keywords: Palm kernel activated carbon; composites; Physical-mechanical

properties

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the influence of reinforcement content on the physical-mechanical properties of polymer composite (PC) reinforced with palm kernel activated carbon (PKAC). Design/methodology/approach – The PC reinforced with 70%, 75% and 80% by weight of PKAC. The samples were compacted into a die at 70ºC with 20 ton for 15 minutes by using compaction technique. The tensile, flexural, creep and hardness tests were performed in addition to the porosity, density and water absorption tests. Findings – The obtained results from the tests will be adopted to identify the influence of reinforcement content on mechanical-physical properties of palm kernel activated carbon-epoxy (PKAC-E) composite. Originality/value – The optimum results from mechanical tests will be beneficial for a design engineer to further investigate the potential of PKAC-E composite in industrial applications and other machinery parts.


ID: 59

78 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

STUDY THE STRENGTH AND POROSITY OF 3D PRINTED

MATERIALS

Hiyam Adil Habeeb*, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Faiz Redza Ramli



Keywords: 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; Rapid prototyping, Rapid tooling

ABSTRACT Purpose – to study mechanical properties of new materials, Aluminum (AL) and Copper (CU) comparison with natural Poly lactic acid (PLA). Design/methodology/approach – This study concentrates on the mechanical properties of 3D printed materials by using natural PLA and composite PLA. The composite materials are aluminum and copper. Each material was printed in different layer height at 90 pattern orientation. The strength of the materials was tested using Instron machine. Findings – The result shows variations between different specimens natural PLA and composite PLA. For natural PLA, specimens printed with a 0.3 mm layer height had the greatest tensile strength of 47.70 MPa whereas at 0.4 mm layer height the value shows the minimum strength. Originality/value – This experiment study the metal composite PLA using fused deposition modeling techniques which relatively new in the area of 3D printing.


ID: 60

79 | P R i S M E 2 0 1 6

EFFECT OF PP TYPE ON G/CB/CNTS/PP COMPOSITE PROPERTIES

AS BIPOLAR PLATE FOR PEM FUEL CELL

Aninorbaniyah Bairan1*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat1, Siti Norbaya Sahadan1, Sivakumar Dhar Malingam1, Noraiham Mohamad2





Keywords: Nanomaterial fillers; Carbon nanotube; Electrical conductive polymer composite

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the significant effects of PP types on the electrical and mechanical properties G/CB/CNTs/PP composite as bipolar plate. Design/methodology/approach – The materials used are Graphite (G), Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and Polypropylene (PP) as a binder. While, two types of PP which are medium density (MD-PP) and low density (LD-PP) were mixed by using a ball mill. The composites were fabricated using hot compression molding. Findings – The results of electrical and mechanical properties showed significant differences between two types of PP. The results were indicated that CNTs was dispersed more homogen in MD-PP than LD-PP. Thus, would cause better electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of G/CB/CNTs/PP composite as bipolar plate which are exceeded of US-DOE requirement. Originality/value – This observation indicates that the addition of CNTs (6 wt%) in MD-PP leads to a significant improvement in electrical conductivity and mechanical properties which is can be used in PEM Fuel Cell as nanocomposite bipolar plate.


ID: 61

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF OPTIMAL 3-D PRINTED

STRUCTURE

Amer Adil Andulkareem*, Faiz Redza Ramli



Keywords: Topology optimization; Fused deposition modeling ; Infill parameters

ABSTRACT Purpose – To minimize the material quantity of the structure by integration of topology optimized design and optimal process parameters in 3D printer. Design/methodology/approach – Applied Topology Optimization technique for pre-designed object based on(SIMP method)by using CAE Optistruct software.Show the stresses distribution in the optimal structure by FEA using Hyper View Tool.Convert the format to STL which is recommended file format used to describe 3D objects.Slicing Software used for various models infill then test it. Findings – This study was investigated the optimal topological model's geometry. furthermore, infill parameters related to additive manufacturing. Based on the results new geometry can be very complex with hollow parts, reduces the weight and density of the structure while maintaining good physical and mechanical performances of the printed structure. Originality/value – To optimize the quantity of material used.Optimum material distribution used to maximize the stiffness. Hence, enhancing FDM process parameters is necessary to improve the part cost and production time.Consequently, design and manufacture lighter and stiffer components by using latest manufacturing techniques.


ID: 62

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AXIAL CRUSHING CHARACTERISTICS OF CIRCULAR AND

SQUARE TUBES UNDER QUASI-STATIC LOADING- A LITERATURE

REVIEW

Noor Dina Ghazali*, Md Radzai Said



Keywords: Axial crushing; Circular and square tubes; Energy absorption

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the characteristics of circular and square tubes when subjected to quasi-static loading. Design/methodology/approach – 50-100 papers related to the axial crushing load for circular and square tubes were reviewed. Energy absorption characteristics and mean crushing load were studied to determine their applicability to practical energy absorption situations. Findings – Circular and square tubes are one of the most commonly used structural elements due to their prevalent occurrence and easy manufacturability. They can dissipate elastic and inelastic energy resulting in energy absorption responses. Originality/value – Energy absorption characteristics in circular and square tubes can be very useful for further study with various cross section of tubes.


ID: 63

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TECHNIQUE USING PRE-COMBUSTION CHAMBER (PCC) TO

IMPROVE ENGINE PERFORMANCE FOR NATURAL GAS

Khairil Amri Tajuddin*, Musthafah Mohd Tahir



Keywords: Engine dynamometer; Pre-combustion chamber; Natural gas

ABSTRACT Purpose – Analysis by experiment the pre-combustion chamber (PCC) technique to improve engine performance using natural gas as fuel. Design/methodology/approach – The engine performance was conducted using engine dynamometer built using a single cylinder engine.Data collection conducted using engine dynamometer and the existing engine had been analysed.The bolted PCC was designed and fabricated.Then,experimental data using bolted PCC were compared with the initial data.Lastly, experimental data were verified by calculation software. Findings – New knowledge of pre-combustion chamber (PCC) design and technique that can be used to develop and increase the efficiency of PCC usage. The knowledge can be also be used for testing natural gas on the single cylinder engine for the engine’s performance enhancement. Originality/value – The outcomes of this research are that more vehicles will convert to Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) system which can reduce the usage of fuel consumption and less pollution to the environment. Developing a more efficient engine power output for NGV.


ID: 64

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SPATIAL INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF THE FLOW

SEPARATION WITHIN THE AUTOMOTIVE CATALYST MONOLITHS

Mastura Mutafa*, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin, Noreffendy Tamaldin



Keywords: Monolith; Flow separation; Flow maldistribution

ABSTRACT Purpose – To spatially investigate the effect of the flow separation within the monolith channels on the flow maldistribution. Design/methodology/approach – To develop a planar CFD model with the monolith represented as distributed pressure. To develop a thin slice of CFD model with the monolith represented as distributed pressure. To spatially model the monolith channels of the 3D model Findings – The thin slice of CFD model can be represented as a planar system. The prediction of the flow separation within the monolith channels affects the flow maldistribution due to the additional pressure losses. Originality/value – The spatial modelling of the monolith channels to predict the additional pressure losses due to the formation of flow separation within the monolith.


ID: 65

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SYNTHESIS OF CNF-BASED NANO-COOLANT AS HEAT

TRANSFER MEDIA FOR OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRONIC CHIP

PERFORMANCE

Syazwani Zainal Abidin*, Imran Syakir Mohamad, Ahmad Yusairi Bani Hashim, Norli Abdullah, Amirah Abdullah




Keywords: CNF; Nano-coolant; Thermal properties

ABSTRACT Purpose – To develop a highly efficient nano-coolant from the mixture of CNF, commercial coolant, deionized water and dispersing agent. Design/methodology/approach – To produce nano-coolant, nanoparticle will be mixed with base fluid which is commercial coolant (ethylene glycol) and deionized water. In order to synthesis a stable nanofluid with nanoparticle dispersed evenly suspending in the base fluid, dispersing agent will be added to help the nano-coolant attain stability. Findings – CNF based nano-coolant will achieved to be stable for some period of time (>100 hours) and improved thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient and heat capacity efficiency. Originality/value – This research generated the best cooling media based on nano-coolant applications that can be used as thermal interface materials to enhance heat transfer performance in electronic cooling applications.


ID: 66

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STABILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBE AND THERMAL PROPERTIES

Amirah Abdullah1*, Imran Syakir Mohamad1, Ahmad Yusairi Bani Hashim2





Keywords: Carbon nanotubes (CNT); Stability; Thermal properties

ABSTRACT Purpose – To synthesis nanofluid using multiwalled carbon nanotube which will enhance the thermal properties of electromyography system. Design/methodology/approach – It started with the formulation of CNT-Nanoamor, PVP and base fluid. Then, the material is stirred by the homogenization and ultrasonication process and leaved more than 240 hours. The stability of nanofluid is tested by Stability Test Rig. The samples that pass the stability test will through thermal properties test. Findings – The stability of nanofluid is obtained by the using of PVP. Moreover, the combination process of homogenization and ultrasonication at different times (5min, 10min, 15min) in achieved the stability of nanofluid. The thermal properties test will be done after the stability test of nanofluid. Originality/value – The stability test showed at 10 % PVP of CNT and 5 minutes of combination process of homogenization and ultrasonication can achieved the stability of the nanofluid. It can reduce the cost and time to synthesis the nanofluid.


ID: 67

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POSITION CONTROL ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONAL EVALUATION

OF TELE-OPERATED ELECTRO HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR (T-EHA)

Hamdan Sulaiman*, Ahmad Anas Yusof, Noor Asril Saadun



Keywords: Teleoperation; Construction robot; Excavator

ABSTRACT Purpose – To design and fabricate rapid response, fast-asembled tele-operation platform (FASTREP) using multipled-assembled tele-operated electro-hydraulic actuator (TEHA) and test them. Design/methodology/approach – The design of the FASTREP based on 5 T-EHA. Utilizing 2.4 GHz remote controller as the master and the T-EHA as the slave. Designing by using SOLIDWORK software and simulation by using MATLAB. Analysis the flow equation of the TEHA. Finally, test them in the laboratory and on the field. Findings – The flow analysis of T-EHA is significant in order to analyse the flow characteristic of the system. The T-EHA is used to undertake accurate positioning of the load at the required actuator stroke within the operating range of the tele-operation. Originality/value – The flow analysis of the T-EHA is obtained which describe the flow inside the design T-EHA. There is no local company in Malaysia that produce any tele-operated construction robot. The T-EHA system is a safer, easier and environmental-friendly application.


ID: 68

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THE ADVANCEMENT OF WATER HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Saiful Akmal Sabaruddin*, Ahmad Anas Yusof, Mohd Noor Asril Saadun



Keywords: Water hydraulic; Hydraulic system

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study a R&D views on the application of water hydraulic system commencing from its early development until present. Design/methodology/approach – The actual research activities related to advancement of water hydraulic components and systems are discussed based on the development before and after 20 century. Some of the recent research works done by various investigators in water hydraulic are also highlighted. Finally, current research on water hydraulic in UTeM is introduced. Findings – A great deal of R&D progress moving the frontier of water hydraulic forward. Trends agree that application of water hydraulic is a natural approach to solve many of the major environmental issues and problems in industries in term of reliability, controllability and price level. Originality/value – Water hydraulic should be regarded as a new evolving technology. In the longer term, it is expected that water hydraulic will take over many of the existing oil hydraulic applications besides having new applications of its own.


ID: 69

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TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN OSCILLATORY FLOW

ACROSS INTERNAL STRUCTURES USED IN THERMOACOUSTICS

Siti Hajar Adni Mustaffa*, Fatimah Al-Zahrah Mohd Sa'at, Ernie Mat Tokit



Keywords: Thermoacoustics; Oscillatory flow; Turbulence in Thermoacoustics

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate turbulence characteristics in the flow across structures of thermoacoustics devices between results from laminar and turbulent models. Design/methodology/approach – Flow across internal structures of thermoacoustic system will be modelled using CFD and DeltaEC. Once model is validated using published experimental works, the flow conditions and dimensions could be varied. The results from both software will be compared to see the effect of non-linearity of the flow on thermoacoustics principle. Findings – The study is expected towards the understanding of turbulence behaviour of oscillatory flow for thermoacoustic application. An improved model for future use as design tool of thermoacoustic devices will be proposed. Originality/value – Previous studies indicated early turbulence occurring in thermoacoustic devices. The behaviour of this early staged turbulence and its impact on thermoacoustic devices is yet unknown.


ID: 70

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OPTIMISING THE COMFORT IN MOTORCYCLE HELMET BY

THERMAL/MOISTURE MAPPING

Muhammad Tarmizi Adam*, Abd Rahman Dullah, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin



Keywords: Thermal Comfort; Thermal Mapping; Moisture Mapping

ABSTRACT Purpose – To optimise thermal comfort inside the helmet, with maximised comfort without undermining impact strength. Design/methodology/approach – Create a test rig that consist of thermal and moisture micro sensors using Sensirion EK-H4 to carry out an experiment on human subject (thermal mapping) and validate the data using finite element model. The parametric studies will result in optimised hole/opening/location in the helmet. Findings – Air ventilation in helmet have been found to provide comfort of the user, related to the hot and humid air in the air pocket between head and the inner liner of the helmet. The designs and placement of air channel were investigated to optimise an air ventilation in motorcycle helmet. Originality/value – The result from the air ventilation opening on motorcycle helmet which alter the thermal and moisture mapping will benefit the motorcycle rider in improving the thermal comfort especially in the hot tropical countries and for a prolong duration.


ID: 71

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THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF µPCM/MWCNT COMPOSITES IN

DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

Adli Zil Ikram Abdullah*, Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah, Ahmad Kamal Mat Yamin



Keywords: µPCM; MWCNT; Thermal Performance

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the thermal performance of µPCM/MWCNT composites in different ambient temperatures. Design/methodology/approach – The sample was prepared by mixing 2 to 10wt. % of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) into microencapsulated phase-change material (µPCM) using a powder metallurgy technique. The samples were tested according to the modified ASTM standard in different ambient temperatures. The sample was covered with aluminium, which was the source of heat emission. The relationship between the thermal performance and phase change period, life cycle, density and porosity of the composites was also discussed. Findings – The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of 5wt.% MWCNT into µPCM enabled it to achieve stability in both thermal conductivity and latent heat. Besides, it is effectively absorbed the heat emitted by the aluminium casing compared to pure µPCM and could be maintained well at each ambient temperature. The phase change period, life cycle, density and porosity are significantly affects thermal performance of µPCM/MWCNT composites. Originality/value – Experimental results show that µPCM/MWCNT composites can potentially be used for future passive thermal management system.


ID: 72

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TRANSDUCTION COEFFICIENT

PERFORMANCE OF A NONLINEAR ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

HARVESTER

P.S. Low*, R. Ramlan, N.S. Muhammad



Keywords: Transduction coefficient; Nonlinear; Electromagnetic

ABSTRACT Purpose – To study the performance of transduction coefficient of a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester. Design/methodology/approach – Dynamic test was conducted on a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester using LDS V406 shaker with an input displacement of 1.0mm. The voltage generated at the coil is captured by an oscilloscope and the velocity of the moving beam is measured using an accelerometer and recorded by a Data Physic analyzer. Findings – The experiment shows that the performance of transduction coefficient of a nonlinear energy harvester is better than the linear one. In terms of nonlinearity, the performance of transduction coefficient increases when the nonlinearity increases too. Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies reveals that a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester possess a better transduction coefficient than a linear one. This would be significant for further studies in the coupling strength performance of the nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester.


ID: 73

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PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SOUND ABSORBER UTILIZING

LOLLIPOP STICKS

Fazlin Abd Khair*, Azma Putra, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor



Keywords: Hollow tube; Acoustic absorber; Absorption coefficient

ABSTRACT Purpose – To discuss the use of hollow tube structures to absorb sound energy. Design/methodology/approach – Tubes from the lollipop sticks are utilized and the sound absorption coefficient are measured using impedance tube method. Here, the effect of arrangements, length of the tubes, additional air gap behind the sample and also effect of covering sample with fabric towards sound absorption are studied. Findings – The results reveal that introducing air gap had shifted peak absorption towards lower frequency. Tubes in crossed transverse arrangement shows greater absorption coefficient which is almost unity compared to the axial arrangement. Improvement on absorption coefficient of tubes in axial arrangement can be made by covered it with fabric. Originality/value – This research focused on sound absorbing material of hollow structure which is lollipop stick instead of fibrous material. Although plastic lollipop stick is synthetic polymer, their disposal can be reused to be sound absorbers which contribute to lower waste production.


ID: 74

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PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTIC OF SOUND

RADIATION FROM BEAM-STIFFENED PLATES

Lim Kah Hei*, Roszaidi Ramlan, Azma Putra



Keywords: Radiation efficiency; Beam-stiffened plate; Acoustic

ABSTRACT Purpose – To proposes a hybrid mathematical model to calculate and study sound radiation from various configuration of beam-stiffened plate. Design/methodology/approach – Proposed Mathematical model which comprises of a semi-analytical model from a discrete Rayleigh formula and Finite Element (FE) model is used to calculate the radiation efficiency of the vibrating structure. Validation done by comparing the work from previous researcher. Findings – Result calculated show increase in number of beam-stiffener increase the sound radiation efficiency, Suppressing mode shape of the plate is found to increase sound radiation efficiency, and increase in depth of the beam-stiffener do not show significant change in sound radiation efficiency. Originality/value – Radiation efficiency of various beam-stiffened plate configurations are calculated through proposed model.


ID: 75

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ENHANCING SOUND ABSORPTION OF COIR FIBERS USING

KAPOK FIBERS

Lim Zhi Ying1*, Azma Putra1, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor1, Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob2





Keywords: Natural fibers; Sound absorption coefficient; Hybrid fibers

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effects of several parameters on the sound absorption of hybrid coir-kapok fibers. Design/methodology/approach – Samples were fabricated by based on weight percentage, interested bulk densities and thicknesses. The measurements of sound absorption coefficient were done in an impedance tube following the impedance tube method according to ISO 10534-2 and samples were measured with either rigid backing or air gapped setting. Findings – The overall absorption coefficient is increased when more kapok fiber is substituted in coir fiber sample. Increasing bulk densities improve the absorption coefficient. Thicker materials tend to start perform at lower frequency, whereas thicker air gap improves low frequency absorption but the absorption coefficient experiences minute decrement at high frequency. Originality/value – Soft fiber (kapok fiber) is introduced as part of the content of hard fiber (hard fiber) sound absorber which is known to have good performance only at higher frequency aiming to enhance the sound absorption at lower frequency.


ID: 76

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OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH FIBERS AS SUSTAINABLE

ACOUSTIC MATERIAL

Or Khai Hee*, Azma Putra, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat



Keywords: Natural fiber; Oil palm empty fruit bunch; Sound absorption coefficient

ABSTRACT Purpose – To investigate the effects of density, thickness and air gap of raw OPEFB fibers on the sound absorption performance. Design/methodology/approach – The measurement of sound absorption coefficient was conducted by using the impedance tube testing according to ISO 10534-2. The validity of the result is between frequencies of 500 to 4500 Hz. The samples with value of sound absorption coefficient of more than 0.5 are considered to be good sound absorber. Findings – The results showed that the increase of density and thickness increased the peak of the sound absorption curve and widen the bandwidth of absorption frequency. The application of air gap shifts the peak of the sound absorption curve to lower frequency region. Originality/value – Study of OPEFB fibers for sound absorber is not discussed in any literature. The results obtained from this research are important to show that the OPEFB fibers can become the potential material to replace synthetic materials as acoustic absorber.

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We would like to give special thanks to all the members at the

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Centre for Advanced

Research on Energy, UTeM who help make this event possible

Documents

CONTENTS · 2016-01-04 · Noor Ashikin Jamil*, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Rafidah Hasan 1200 33 M041320018 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE TREATED OF PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER FROM JOSAPINE