* +,- no s'$to$s. +,- #lu)li/e. +,-
se&ere
* 0 to +12 o# cases in#ectious #or li#e 3carrier
state4
• In t%e ast. +51.111)-11.111 ne6 in#ections er 'ear
* 7.111)0.111 deat%s,'r #ro$ c%ronic li&er
disease
• Sa#e and e##ecti&e &accine is no6
a&ailable
* Man' H"8 are not &accinated
• Aro9i$atel' 511 H"8 in#ected annuall'
• T%is is a decrease #ro$ +(. 111 in +:;- and +.111 in
+::5<
• =72 o# in#ected de&elo acute %eatitis
• A##ects 5 ti$es $ore eole t%an HIV
• 5 $illion A$ericans in#ected
• Onl' =72 o# t%ose in#ected %a&e been
diagnosed
a$ong H"8 in ><S<
• In#ection $a' lead to carrier state
• "arrier state can de&elo 6it% or 6it%out s'$to$s
• "arrier state can lead to c%ronic li&er disease.
cirr%osis 3+1 'ear latenc'4. or cancer 3alco%ol is strong
co)#actor4
• ?eading cause o# li&er translant in ><S<
H"V ) Heatitis " • ;72 o# Heatitis " in#ections ersist #or
li#e
• (12 de&elo c%ronic li&er disease
• Signs and s'$to$s $a' not aear until +1
'ears a#ter in#ection
• Onset o# s'$to$s $a' resent 6it% se&ere
li&er disease
• No &accine a&ailable
• IV drug use
• >nrotected se9 3$ultile se9ual artners4
• Occuational ercutaneous e9osure to blood 6it% conta$inated
s%ar
* Ris/ is inter$ediate bet6een Heatitis B and HIV
• Attac/s t%e %u$an i$$une s'ste$
• "an li&e in a dr' en&iron$ent #or onl' a #e6
%ours
• @ + $illion in#ections in ><S<
• 70 docu$ented cases a$ong H"8
• +-; cases o# ossible occuational trans$ission
S'ndro$e
• So$e %a&e no s'$to$s. or less se&ere
s'$to$s
• E9osure deter$ination
* Engineering controls
* 8or/ ractices
* House/eeing
l
• Post e9osure e&aluation #ollo6)u
• "o$$unication and training
All human
Certain human
body fluids
Engineering "ontrols
• Isolate or re$o&e t%e bloodborne at%ogen %aard #ro$ t%e
6or/lace
A %'sical guard
• Solicit inut #ro$ atient care ro&iders
• I$le$ent co$$erciall' a&ailable. e##ecti&e and
aroriate de&ices
• "losable
• >se Sa#er S%ar De&ices
needleless IV
8or/ Practice "ontrols Sa#er stes to do t%e ob
• Pro%ibit t6o)%anded needle recaing
• Do not bend. brea/ or re$o&e needles 3incl<
%leboto$'4
• 8as% %ands bet6een glo&e use
• Flus% bod' arts 6it% 6ater a#ter contact 6it% blood or
OPIM
• Re$o&e PPE be#ore lea&ing 6or/ area
PPE
Glo&es
E'e rotection
• 8ritten cleaning and deconta$ination
• ?aundr' DISINFECTANT
?iCuid
Se$i)?iCuid
Bag,containerie 6%ere used
DonJt sort or rinse 6%ere used
?abeled or color coded containers
?ea/)roo# containers i# lea/s are
li/el'
• E9osure 6it%out &accination
I$$une globulin ASAP a#ter e9osure
BeginVaccination series
Declination state$ent reCuired
• No cost to e$lo'ees
• Reasonable ti$e and lace
• I# series is interruted. continue at an' ti$e rat%er
t%an restart series
• "uts. uncture. needle stic/s
Post E9osure E&aluation
• Pro&ide $edical e&aluation ASAP • Testing #or
HBV. H"V. HIV • HIV,HBV PEP 6%en indicated
• Identi#' source indi&idual. i# ossible • Obtain
consent #or blood test
• Pro&ide in#or$ation to %ealt%care ro&ider •
Routes o# entr' • E$lo'eeJs ob duties • "o' o#
t%e regulation
Employer esponsibility"
Post E9osure E&aluation • Insure t%at t%e %ealt%care
ro&ider ro&ides to e9osed e$lo'ee
• Results o# t%e source indi&iduals test
3i# legal4
• Post e9osure treat$ent as needed
• Pro&ided at no cost to e$lo'ee
u
• E$lo'ee %as been in#or$ed o# t%e results
• E$lo'ee %as been in#or$ed o# an' $edical
conditions resulting #ro$ e9osure
• All seci#ic #indings or diagnoses are con#idential to
e$lo'ee
?aundr'
e$lo'ees
At least annuall' t%erea#ter
"o&er seci#ic reCuired ele$ents
Interacti&e
incidents
-1 'ears
dealing 6it% otentiall' in#ectious bod'
#luids or ot%er conta$inated obects<
• PPE ser&es a seci#ic urose and is $eant
to be 6orn at e&er' single incident<
• Ta/ing recautions toda' could a##ect 'our
li#e #or 'ears to co$e< STA SAFE
